Orientador: Eduardo Kokubun / Banca: Pedro Rodrigues Curi Hallal / Banca: Sebastião Gobbi / Resumo: A hipertensão arterial (HA) tem sido indicada como o fator de risco conhecido de maior importância para a morbidade e mortalidade precoces causadas por doenças cardiovasculares (CDC, 1996). Programas regulares de atividade física (AF) são fator necessário na terapia de pacientes hipertensos. Estudos apontam uma relação inversa entre taxa de mortalidade por qualquer causa, AF e nível de aptidão física. Sabendo que a falta de AF piora o nível de aptidão física e é fator de risco para HA, se torna necessário avaliar em quais aspectos relacionados à aptidão física o hipertenso é diferente do normotenso. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar se existe diferença na aptidão física entre hipertensos e normotensos; verificar se existe efeito da prática regular de AF sobre a aptidão física em hipertensos similar aquelas encontradas em normotensos e verificar se testes de flexibilidade, agilidade, coordenação, força e resistência aeróbia, discriminam os casos de HA. Participaram desse estudo 214 mulheres, com idades acima de 40 anos, que fizeram parte, por 6 meses, do Programa de Atividade Física. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a uma avaliação para obtenção de medidas antropométricas e físicas (AAHPERD-Agilidade, coordenação, força, flexibilidade e resistência aeróbia. Elas foram divididos em 2 grupos: Hipertensos (GH, N =120) e Normotensos (GN, N= 94). Com os resultados da ANOVA é possível afirmar que hipertensos possuem pior condição inicial em relação à agilidade (GH média inicial = 24,2 + 0,4 seg. e o GN = 20,9 + 0,8 seg., p < 0,01), coordenação (GH média inicial = 17,5 + 0,7 seg. e o GN média inicial = 11,5 + 1,2 seg., p < 0,01) e resistência aeróbia (GH média inicial = 568,5 + 12,2 seg. e o GN média inicial = 506,8 + 21,7 seg., p < 0,02). Essa diferença entre os indivíduos na performance... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:23:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariceliBarbosaDeSouza.pdf: 919361 bytes, checksum: 7e9a8ebfbbc60a371c15fe22efcc97f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-12-08 / The high blood pressure is considered a serious problem of public, health because of it social and economic impact, it is also na important factor of danger to the mortality increasing due to cardiac diseases. Therefore to keep a support to the patient into the treatment represents a big challenge, specially because it is a chronic disease whose control implies in na extended treatment and in a changing of lifestyle. The objective of this study is to evaluate the supporting degre to the treatment and the prediction factors, such as identify the profile of people with blood pressure who takes part in the family health program São Januário II in Campina Grande (PB). The method used to evaluat the support is the self report, medicine dispensation card and family record revision. According to the statistic methods of Qui-Quadrado da razão de Verossimilhança (xRV) the results show the largest numbers of people with high blood presure that are over sixty years old (500%); the greater number are female (73,33%); family revenue between, 1 and 2 minimum wage (78%); illiterate people (41,34%) and unfinished school (54%) and married (68%). According to the factors of danger 78,67% follow a diet without salt; 82,67% do not smoke; 88,66% do not drink alcoholic drink; 70,33% presents some level of obesity and 67,33% are-sedentary. It is observed that 74,67% are through the self report method and 77% through the dispensation card, that shows a high degree of agrement between the two used methods. As to the relation between the support and pressure control it is observed a control (31,33%) in the three degrees using the criterion III CBHA (1999), considering blood pressure < 140/90 mmHg. In the analysis determined by Hotelling-Lawley test to identity the prediction effects of variable studied and the degree of support it is observed that is (p = 0,0001), attend to blood pressure group (p = 0,0545) and admit when they have high blood pressure (p = 0,0336) had expressive effect. In different levels of probabilities the age (p = 0,1296) and the gender (p = 0,0420) had expressive effects althugh in different levels of probabilities. The main reason showed by high blood pressure people with the usina of medicines was the forgetfulness (71%). The results of the research suggests that is necessary an approach to the high blood pressure treatment which stimulates the people with high blood pressure to take care of them selves considering their knouledge about the disease treatment and commitment with health. Such as a better interest from the health staff to create strategies that can reduce the factors that interfere in acceptance to the treatment. / A hipertensão arterial é considerada um grave problema de saúde pública por seu impacto social e econômico, sendo também um importante fator de risco para o aumento da morbimortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares. Portanto, conquistar e manter a adesão do paciente ao tratamento representa um grande desafio, principalmente por ser uma doença crônica, cujo controle implica em um tratamento prolongado e em uma mudança de estilo de vida. Este estudo descritivo, teve como objetivo avaliar o grau de adesão ao tratamento e seus fatores determinantes, assim como identificar o perfil dos hipertensos cadastrados no Programa Saúde da Família. Os métodos utilizados para avaliar a adesão foram o auto-relato e revisão dos prontuários da família. Os resultados de acordo com os métodos estatísticos de Qui-Quadrado da Razão de Verossimilhança (&#967;²,RV), mostraram um maior percentual de hipertensos na faixa etária acima de sessenta anos (50%); com predomínio do sexo feminino (73,33%); renda familiar entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos (78%); casados (68%) e com baixo grau de escolaridade (41,34%). Quanto à presença dos fatores de risco: 82,67% não fumavam; 88,66% não ingeriam bebidas alcoólicas; 70,33% apresentavam sobrepeso/obesidade; 67,33% eram sedentários e 78,67% seguiam dieta hipossódica. A taxa de adesão observada pelo método do auto-relato foi 74,67% no grau mais aderente. Quanto à relação entre a adesão e controle pressórico, observou-se que 31,33% apresentavam pressão arterial controlada utilizando o critério da DBHA, IV., (2002). A análise de variância multivariada, determinada pelo teste Hotelling-Lawley para identificar os efeitos positivos entre as varáveis estudadas e grau de adesão mostrou que o gênero (p = 0,0420); não ingestão de bebidas alcoólicas (p=0,0001); freqüentam grupo de hipertensão (p=0,0545) e reconhecem quando está com a pressão alta (p=0,0336), tiveram efeitos significativos sobre a adesão. A principal razão apontada pelos hipertensos que contribuiu para a ocorrência de falhas no seguimento da prescrição médica foi o esquecimento (71%). Os resultados da pesquisa sugerem que é necessária uma abordagem ao tratamento da hipertensão que estimule o envolvimento do hipertenso no autocuidado, considerando seu conhecimento sobre a doença, tratamento e compromisso com a saúde, assim como um maior empenho da equipe de saúde em viabilizar estratégias que possam minimizar os fatores que interferem na aceitação ao tratamento

The African American population has persistently suffered a greater disease burden from uncontrolled high blood pressure than any other ethnic/racial group. There have been many attempts to reduce the health disparity but with little changes in adverse outcomes over the years. As African Americans are very religious and incorporate spirituality into their everyday lives, this research followed a faith-based approach and was conducted in the church setting. The study was guided by the Illness Representation Model (IRM) and the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality (TCCDU). One hundred male and female participants were recruited from five African American churches in Southeast Florida. Each participant met the inclusion criteria of being 35-80 years old, diagnosed with high blood pressure, members/attendees of a Judeo Christian church, and able to read and write English. A researcher-developed, five-day faith based health devotional which included high blood pressure education infused with Bible messages was used as the intervention. A quasi-experimental design of pre and posttesting was employed to evaluate high blood pressure knowledge and illness representation. High blood pressure knowledge was tested using the High Blood Pressure Prevention IQ Quiz (HBPP-IQ) and illness representation tested with the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R). The results demonstrated statistically significant improvements in four out of the five hypotheses tested, with a caveat for the timeline representation (presented as two separate outcomes). The findings indicated: High blood pressure knowledge (HBPP-IQ): p < .000; Illness Representation (IPQ-R); timeline acute/chronic: p = .003; timeline cyclical: p = .20; consequences: p = .024; personal control: p = .0005; treatment control: p = .002. These results support the use of the faith-based teaching method in educating African Americans about high blood pressure as an effort that might improve illness representation in this population. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Objectives To investigate if there is an association between dental health status and high blood pressure, to test the effectiveness of screening for high blood pressure and high blood glucose performed by the dental health care in collaboration with primary health care and to investigate the direct costs for this type of screening organisation. Study population and methods In Paper I 54 subjects with known hypertension and 141 with a high blood pressure in the dental office were compared with matched controls. In Paper II 1,149 subjects were screened for hypertension and in Paper III 1,568 subjects were screened for diabetes in dental care. Follow up was performed in co-operating primary health care centres. In paper IV the direct costs for screening and follow-up were calculated. Results There was a significant association between deep periodontal pockets and high blood pressure, even when the influence of age, sex, smoking and number of teeth was taken into account. Among those being screened for high blood pressure and high blood glucose 20.6% and 9.9% respectively were referred to primary health care, and a hypertension or a diabetes diagnosis was found in 32.1% and 5.8% of those screening positive. For every 18th subject screened a hypertension case was found (“numbers needed to screen” (NNS)), and for every 196th a diabetes case. NNS for combined hypertension and diabetes screening was 15. The total direct costs for screening and follow up per diagnosis found were 5,298 SEK for hypertension, 19,100 SEK for diabetes, and  4,116 SEK for combined blood pressure and blood glucose screening. Conclusions There was an association between dental health and hypertension. Screening for hypertension was highly efficient, while screening for diabetes was less so, because it is a less prevalent condition. Screening for both conditions appears to be the most efficient type of screening.

<p>Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, and it is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, death and disability worldwide, especially in developing countries. Physical activity has been regarded as a commonly accepted modality for preventing and treating hypertension. However, despite its known benefits, this modality of treatment and prevention of&nbsp / hypertension continues to be underused. The present study aimed to determine the demographic, social and health-related factors that are associated with levels of physical activity participation among adults with hypertension in Kigali, Rwanda. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 252 adults with hypertension and 87 healthcare professionals through the Godin Leisure-Time&nbsp / Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and Physical Activity Exit Interview (PAEI). Two thirds of the participants (69.44%) were classified as sedentary. The following factors were found to be significantly&nbsp / (P&lt / 0.05) associated with the levels of physical activity: age, marital status, and level of education, residence, tobacco / past and current users, alcohol / current user, diabetes mellitus, BMI, perceived health status, self-efficacy, and blood pressure. None of the healthcare professionals were considered good physical activity counsellor. The findings of the present study highlight the need for the implementation of health promotion strategies aimed at promoting physical activity lifestyle among individuals with hypertension in Rwanda. Efforts should be made in educating people with hypertension on the benefits of integrating regular physical&nbsp / activity in their daily lives. Furthermore, healthcare professionals should be educated concerning how to promote physical&nbsp / activity to all patients especially those with hypertension.</p>

Background: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal impairment, peripheral vascular disease, and blindness. In Panama, a recent study estimated the prevalence of hypertension at 38.5% in the two main provinces of the country, with a rate of uncontrolled hypertension of 47.2%. Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility of the study design and to describe the characteristics of the hypertensive population and the physician's adherence to Panamanian antihypertensive protocols and their relationship with uncontrolled hypertension. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of adult hypertensive patients attending a primary healthcare facility in Panama City. Clinical charts from eligible participants were examined to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics related to uncontrolled hypertension and the use of antihypertensive protocols by medical doctors. Descriptive and central tendency statistics were used to characterize the study population. Bivariate relationships between demographic and clinical characteristics, and uncontrolled hypertension were explored using specific test for no association. Logistic regression modeling was used to examine the association between physician's adherence to antihypertensive protocols and the presence of uncontrolled hypertension. Results: In this study the mean age was 56.7 years (±13.6); 58.1% of participants were females; 71.3% of participants had body mass index >25.0kg/m2; and 53.0% of participants had stage 2 hypertension. Uncontrolled hypertension was present in 66.7% of the study sample. 82.9% of participants had one or more comorbidities. The medical doctors were compliant with antihypertensive protocols in 43.6% of participants, primarily due to lower compliance with lifestyle modification recommendations. In the multivariate analysis, a significant interaction was found with age, suggesting that age is a potential effect modifier. Conclusions: The rate of uncontrolled hypertension was high among this study population. Nearly half of the attending physicians did not follow the recommendations given by current antihypertensive protocols. Further research is necessary to explore the relationships between subject characteristics, such as age, number of comorbidities, and the presence of diabetes mellitus with uncontrolled hypertension

Aukštas kraujo spaudimas yra aktuali problema tiek medicininiu, tiek ir socialiniu požiūriu ne tik Lietuvoje, bet ir daugiau kaip 50 milijonų žmonių visame pasaulyje. Aukštas kraujo spaudimas (AKS) yra vienas iš didžiausių koronarinių širdies ligų rizikos veiksnių. Gydant AKS didelis dėmesys skiriamas medikamentinėms priemonėms, kurios padeda atstatyti sutrikusias organizmo funkcijas. Tačiau labai svarbų vaidmenį gydant AKS atlieka kineziterapija. Tinkamai parinkti ir atliekami fiziniai pratimai padeda atstatyti pažeistą kraujagyslių tonusą, gerina širdies kraujagyslių sistemos funkciją bei judesių koordinaciją, didina darbingumą. Darbo tikslas – nustatyti fizinių pratimų ir dietos poveikį arteriniam kraujospūdžiui. Tuo tikslu buvo atliktas tyrimas, kuriame dalyvavo 488 tiriamieji, iš kurių 210 vyrų ir 278 moterys. Tiriamųjų amžius svyravo nuo 25 iki 70 metų. Visiems tiriamiesiems arterinis kraujospūdis (AKS) matuotas gyvsidabriniu sfigmomanometru dešinėje rankoje 2 mm Hg tikslumu, du kartus. Analizei naudotas dviejų matavimų vidurkis. Tiriamieji buvo sveriami medicininėmis svarstykl��mis 100 g tikslumu, matuojamas jų ūgis, Arterinė hipertenzija (AH) diagnozuota, jeigu sistolinis AKS rastas 140 mm Hg arba didesnis ir (arba) diastolinis AKS 90 mm Hg arba didesnis, arba kai AKS normalus (<140/90 mm Hg), kai paskutines dvi savaites tiriamieji vartojo kraujospūdį mažinančius vaistus. Antsvoriui vertinti apskaičiuotas kūno masės indeksas (KMI) (KMI=kūno masė (kg)/ūgis² (m)). Buvo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / High blood pressure is a common problem from both medical and social viewpoint in Lithuania as well as in more than 50 million people all over the world. High Blood Pressure (HBP) is one of the main risk phenomena of coronary heart illnesses. HBP medical pharmaceutical devices which help to reproduce damaged organism functions are mainly considered when curing. Nevertheless kinesytheraphy also plays a very important role in HBP treatment. Properly selected and done physical exercises support reproduction of damaged vein tonicity, improvement in heart vessel system functioning as well as coordination of movements and increase in efficiency. The aim of this work is to define the influence of physical exercises, diet and weight loss on arterial pressure. On this purpose the research was undertaken which involved 488 examined people, 210 of them were men and 278 women. Their age ranged from 25 to 70 years. For all the examined arterial pressure (HBP) was measured twice using mercurial sphigmanometer in their right hand at 2 mm Hg accuracy. For the analysis the average of both measurements was taken. The examined people were weighed on medical scales at 100 g accuracy, their height was also measured; Arterial Hypertension (AH) was diagnosed to those whose systolic HBP has been found in 140 mm Hg or more and (or) diastolic HBP in 90 mm Hg or more, or HBP is normal (<140/90 mm Hg), in the last two weeks they all have been drinking pressure reducing medicine. For the purpose of... [to full text]

<p>Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, and it is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, death and disability worldwide, especially in developing countries. Physical activity has been regarded as a commonly accepted modality for preventing and treating hypertension. However, despite its known benefits, this modality of treatment and prevention of&nbsp / hypertension continues to be underused. The present study aimed to determine the demographic, social and health-related factors that are associated with levels of physical activity participation among adults with hypertension in Kigali, Rwanda. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 252 adults with hypertension and 87 healthcare professionals through the Godin Leisure-Time&nbsp / Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and Physical Activity Exit Interview (PAEI). Two thirds of the participants (69.44%) were classified as sedentary. The following factors were found to be significantly&nbsp / (P&lt / 0.05) associated with the levels of physical activity: age, marital status, and level of education, residence, tobacco / past and current users, alcohol / current user, diabetes mellitus, BMI, perceived health status, self-efficacy, and blood pressure. None of the healthcare professionals were considered good physical activity counsellor. The findings of the present study highlight the need for the implementation of health promotion strategies aimed at promoting physical activity lifestyle among individuals with hypertension in Rwanda. Efforts should be made in educating people with hypertension on the benefits of integrating regular physical&nbsp / activity in their daily lives. Furthermore, healthcare professionals should be educated concerning how to promote physical&nbsp / activity to all patients especially those with hypertension.</p>

Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases, and it is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases, death and disability worldwide, especially in developing countries. Physical activity has been regarded as a commonly accepted modality for preventing and treating hypertension. However, despite its known benefits, this modality of treatment and prevention of hypertension continues to be underused. The present study aimed to determine the demographic, social and health-related factors that are associated with levels of physical activity participation among adults with hypertension in Kigali, Rwanda. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 252 adults with hypertension and 87 healthcare professionals through the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire (GLTEQ) and Physical Activity Exit Interview (PAEI). Two thirds of the participants (69.44%) were classified as sedentary. The following factors were found to be significantly (P<0.05) associated with the levels of physical activity: age, marital status, and level of education, residence, tobacco; past and current users, alcohol; current user, diabetes mellitus, BMI, perceived health status, self-efficacy, and blood pressure. None of the healthcare professionals were considered good physical activity counsellor. The findings of the present study highlight the need for the implementation of health promotion strategies aimed at promoting physical activity lifestyle among individuals with hypertension in Rwanda. Efforts should be made in educating people with hypertension on the benefits of integrating regular physical activity in their daily lives. Furthermore, healthcare professionals should be educated concerning how to promote physical activity to all patients especially those with hypertension. / Magister Scientiae - MSc

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