This thesis concerns six Swedish history paintings from 1864 until 1897 with motifs depicting the Swedish renaissance. The purpose of the thesis is to examine the influence of 19th century fashion on the depiction of garments from the renaissance, and what this portrayal deflects concerning the artists contemporary vision of fashion and bodily ideals in the 16th century. Using a checklist method to approach the artworks the thesis examines how and to what extent the artists used visual culture from the 16th century in their visualization of the era and wether or not this portrayal is affected by the artists contemporary fashions. Interwined with the method is the theoretical framwork of the thesis, based upon the notion of fashion in art as a fabricated construct and history usage. The thesis presents the idea that the history painting depicting events spanning between a period of 70 years still uses a similar fashion in the works, even considering the time frame of different styles. The idea of gender coded garments and body siluetts during the 19th century heavily affects the fashion in the paintings, as well as the artist’s contemporary attitudes towards representations of sexuality and bodily beauty.

Essa pesquisa elege a pintura \"Fundação de São Vicente\", de Benedito Calixto, como objeto de estudo. Incorporada ao acervo do Museu Paulista após ser inaugurada nas comemorações do IV Centenário do Descobrimento do Brasil em São Vicente, a obra representa o encontro entre portugueses e indígenas para a fundação da capitania de São Vicente, em 1532. Elaborada em grande formato, essa pintura histórica musealizada se alinha ao processo de construção imaginária no início do regime republicano e estimula uma visão tributária de projetos intelectuais que, por sua vez, disputam simbolicamente a memória sobre o passado colonial. Tendo em perspectiva a centralidade dos museus de História e da pintura histórica nas representações coletivas, essa dissertação se dedica a reconstituir seu circuito social a partir da análise de suas condições de encomenda, de elaboração, musealização, exposição e apropriação entre 1900, quando foi inaugurada, a 1932, quando se comemorou o quadricentenário da fundação de São Vicente. / This research elects \"Fundação de São Vicente\", concluded by Benedito Calixto, as its study goal. The painting was add into the Museu Paulista\"s collection after being inaugurated at the commemorations of the fourth centennial of the discovery of Brazil, representing the contact between portugueses and indigenous aiming the foundation of São Vicente colonial settlement in 1532. Elaborated in large dimensions, this history painting is part of the republican political imagination construction policy and stimulates the vision over a specific intellectual project that disputes social memory on the colonial brazilian past. Observing the centrality of museums and history painting to the consolidation of collective representations, the research aims to reconstitutes its social circuit on analysing its ordering, composition, musealization, exhibition and appropriation conditions from its inauguration in 1900 to the commemoration of fourth centennial of the foundation of São Vicente in 1932.

The artist discusses his Master of Fine Arts thesis exhibition “the emotional plague” held at the Reese Museum in Johnson City, Tennessee from March 2nd through March 27th, 2020 in which he examines a number of literary and invented narrative subjects influenced by science fiction, Surrealism and the current political climate in an attempt to reconcile the social and the personal through the creative act. Largely improvisational in their conception, the paintings and drawings in this exhibition reflect ideas derived from writers, thinkers and artists including Wilhelm Reich, J.G. Ballard, W.S. Burroughs and Goya, all distilled through the uncertain territory of Raynolds’ personal, internal landscape. He utilizes an amalgam of characters, tropes, and stories as metaphorical expressions of social psychosis and decay.

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Shakespeare est partout en ce XIXe siècle. Il inspire la littérature, la musique, les arts plastiques. Il est dans l'accomplissement d'un nouveau théâtre et dans le rêve d'une génération d'artistes qui se jette à corps perdu dans un nouvel idéal. Que cherchent-ils alors dans l'infamie des sorcières, les procrastinations d'un jeune prince, le désarroi d'un vieux roi, l'interdit de l'amour ? Ils s'en vont rêver à d'autres univers, peuplés de créatures fantastiques, d'hommes au cœur vrai et de folles passions. Et dans ce début de siècle comme le dit Stendhal au détour d'une pensée dédiée au dramaturge anglais : « il faut sentir et non savoir ! ». L'objectif de la présente étude est de poser les bases d'une réflexion approfondie sur l'inspiration shakespearienne française en peinture au XIXe siècle. Nous nous sommes attachés à en déterminer les causes et en identifier les manifestations, mais aussi à l'englober dans une histoire plus générale de l'art à travers la remise en question d'un genre pictural menacé, la peinture d'histoire. C'est pourquoi notre travail s'articule autour de cinq grandes parties afin d'offrir un examen complet et synthétique du sujet. La première partie a pour but d'initier le lecteur à cette inspiration littéraire. Les trois parties suivantes sont consacrées à l'étude approfondie des différentes sources d'inspiration des peintres (textuelles, visuelles et iconographiques). Enfin, après la mise en place contextuelle, l'exploration iconographique et iconologique de notre sujet, notre dernière partie tend à analyser le rôle qu'a joué en France l'inspiration shakespearienne en peinture à travers plusieurs approches : esthétique, critique et idéologique. / The name of Shakespeare overhangs the 19th century. The English playwright inspires literature, music and fine arts. He is closely associated with theatre renewal and becomes a model for a generation of artists. What are they looking for in the witches' infamy, the procrastination of a young prince, the distress of an old king, forbidden romances? They dream of other universes crowded with fantastic creatures and passionate human beings. In the beginning of this century, as Stendhal pointed out in a note dedicated to The Bard : “We need to feel rather than to know”. The aim of the research herein is to analyse the Shakespearean inspiration on French painting over the 19th century through a discussion which deals with iconographical and aesthetic concerns as well. To be as relevant as possible, we chose to organize our work in five parts in order to offer a global and complete view of the subject. Thus, the first part of our dissertation tends to initiate the reader to the Shakespearean iconography in general, while the following third parts explore the painter's different sources of inspiration (textual, visual and iconographical). Finally, the fifth part is devoted to the examination of the role played by this literary inspiration on French painting through intellectual, critical and ideological approaches.

Anne-Louis Girodet Trioson's Portrait of C.[itizen] Jean-Baptiste Belley, ex-representative of the Colonies, is evidence of the changing ideological situation during the French Revolution. Girodet was one of the most learned and accomplished students of Jacques-Louis David who strove to surpass his teacher in two ways: 1) by painting David's Neoclassical style so well that his handling surpasses that of his master, and 2) by choosing subject matter never before explored by David. Girodet accomplishes both within this work. The Neoclassical handling of the image has been achieved with amazing clarity, and the central figure of an identified black man had never been displayed in the Salon previously. The work was without precedent and without progeny. It successfully transcends the boundaries of portraiture into the highest tier of the Academic hierarchy: History Painting. Lacking in the existing scholarship of this portrait as history painting is that the work is successful in fulfilling a didactic and moralizing function, bearing significance to the general public. Scholars have hitherto ignored the striking visual similarities between this and Grand Tour portraits of Englishmen earlier in the century. This portrait of Belley calls into question accepted post-colonial readings by not adhering to a strict Orientalist interpretation. His hybrid nature nullifies readings that he is merely a black man posed as a French one. Belley cannot be seen as simply African, nor Haitian, nor French, nor military man, nor politician; each of these aspects of his being add up to his individual identity. It was because of Belley's race that he was chosen for this portrait; his complex nature creates a dramatic painting relevant to varied members of the general public, his status as a black man allows for a politically relevant subject worthy of history painting, and the choice of Girodet's model of Grand Tour portraiture with its connotations of education, travel and social status—when applied to a black man—make this a revolutionary painting unparalleled in history.

For the past century, medievalism studies generally and Anglo-Saxonism studies in particular have largely dismissed the eighteenth century as a dark period in English interest in the Anglo-Saxons. Recent scholarship has tended to elide Anglo-Saxon studies with Old English studies and consequently has overlooked contributions from fields such as archaeology, art history and political philosophy. This thesis provides the first re-examination of scholarly, antiquarian and popular Anglo-Saxonism in eighteenth-century England and argues that, far from disappearing, interest in Anglo-Saxon culture and history permeated British culture and made significant contributions to contemporary formulations and expressions of Englishness and English national, legal and cultural identities. Each chapter examines a different category of Anglo-Saxonist production or activity, as those categories would be distributed across current scholarship, in order to explore the ways in which the Anglo-Saxons were understood and deployed in the construction of contemporary cultural- historiographical narratives. The first three chapters contain, respectively, a review of the achievements of the ‘Oxford school' of Saxonists of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries; antiquarian Anglo-Saxon studies by members of the Society of Antiquaries of London and their correspondents; and historiographical presentations of the Anglo-Saxons in local, county and national histories. Chapters four and five examine the appearance of the Anglo-Saxons in visual and dramatic art, and the role of Anglo-Saxonist legal and juridical language in eighteenth-century politics, with reference to discoveries resulting from the academic and antiquarian research outlined in chapters one to three. It is my contention that Anglo-Saxonism came to serve as a unifying ideology of origins for English citizens concerned with national history, and political and social institutions. As a popular as well as scholarly ideology, Anglo-Saxonism also came to define English national character and values, an English identity recognised and celebrated as such both at home and abroad.

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Le peintre, soldat et mémorialiste Louis-François Lejeune (1775-1848) entendait faire de son corpus de peintures de bataille et de ses Souvenirs d’un officier de l’Empire (1851) des témoignages historiques de la période napoléonienne, destinés à la postérité. Or, cette conjugaison entre peintures et mémoires renvoie aussi à la dualité médiale de la propagande napoléonienne, qui diffuse un récit unique des événements militaires à l’aide d’organes d’information inédits tels que les Bulletins de la Grande Armée. Ce récit, déjà médiatisé comme étant historique, est repris en images par le mécénat impérial. Ce mémoire vise à démontrer comment Lejeune contribue à ce récit historicisant, d’abord à un niveau individuel en construisant son identité par rapport à sa participation aux guerres napoléoniennes, puis aussi à un niveau étatique. Son Bivouac d’Austerlitz, présenté au Salon de 1808, est une commande du gouvernement. Il sera question de la façon dont ce tableau de Lejeune s’insère d’abord dans sa carrière, ensuite dans son corpus de peintures de bataille, puis finalement dans le récit napoléonien sur Austerlitz. La forme épisodique du tableau, empruntée à la ligne narrative du 30e bulletin de la Grande Armée, où Napoléon rapporte la victoire d’Austerlitz, peut s’expliquer par la complémentarité voulue entre récit textuel et visuel. Ce tableau contribue ainsi à la construction historique de la bataille. Au milieu des transformations profondes du monde académique et de la hiérarchie des genres, la dualité peintre-soldat de Lejeune répond en tous points à la vocation historique attribuée à la peinture sous Napoléon. / Painter, soldier, and memorialist Louis-François Lejeune (1775-1848) conceived his battle paintings and his memoirs, Souvenirs d’un officier de l’Empire (1851), as historical testimonies of the Napoleonic period, destined for posterity. This twinning of paintings and memoirs mirrors the duality of Napoleonic propaganda as a whole, which disseminates a single version of military events with the help of unprecedented information tools such as the Bulletins de la Grande Armée. This written narrative, already thought of as historical, is picked up again in the paintings commissioned by the government. This master’s thesis argues that Lejeune contributes in a unique way to this historical narrative, first at an individual level by constructing his identity from his participation in the Napoleonic wars, and also at a state level. His Bivouac d’Austerlitz, presented at the 1808 Salon, was commissioned by the government as part of a larger order. It is shown that this painting fits first into Lejeune’s career, then into his cycle of battle paintings, and finally into the narrative of Austerlitz that Napoleon himself promoted. The episodic form of this painting can be explained by the deliberate pairing of written and pictorial narratives, which borrows from the 30th bulletin de la Grande Armée where Napoleon recounts the victory at Austerlitz. This painting thus contributes to the historical construction of the battle. As deep transformations threatened the academic genre hierarchy at the turn of the nineteenth century, the duality of Lejeune’s persona as soldier and painter helped promote the historical function given to paintings under Napoleon.