As idéias psicológicas foram introduzidas no estado do Rio Grande do Sul com a criação das primeiras instituições de ensino superior no final do século XIX. Entre elas se destacam a Faculdade de Medicina (1898) e a Faculdade de Direito (1900). Esta tese teve como objetivos principais descrever as idéias psicológicas presentes nestas duas faculdades, e investigar a relação da ciência psicológica com os demais campos de conhecimento. Foram pesquisados os acervos das bibliotecas das respectivas faculdades, bem como os arquivos históricos do estado e da cidade de Porto Alegre. Os livros e teses encontrados foram catalogados e listados quanto a sua procedência, data de publicação e área temática principal. A pesquisa nos arquivos históricos auxiliou na descrição do contexto sócio-cultural no qual estas faculdades se desenvolveram através do exame da legislação e dos jornais da época. Todos os documentos foram analisados com base nas abordagens da História das Idéias Psicológicas e da História das Ciências. Identificaram-se seis categorias utilizadas na análise dos dados, a saber, “Idéias psicológicas e concepções de higiene no contexto sul-rio-grandense", “Concepções de adoecimento mental e a constituição da Psiquiatria no Rio Grande do Sul", “Criminologia, identidade e o estabelecimento de normas na sociedade sul-rio-grandense", “Saúde pública e cuidados com a infância: Primeiras experiências em higiene escolar"; “Estratégias de diagnóstico e de tratamento das doenças mentais nas perspectivas da Psiquiatria e Neurologia sul-rio-grandense" e “A relação do homem com o ambiente: Primeiras experiências da aplicação da teoria psicossomática na Medicina do Rio Grande do Sul". Os resultados foram analisados em suas similaridades e especificidades com outras investigações a respeito da História das Idéias Psicológicas no Brasil e compõem um levantamento das idéias psicológicas no Rio Grande do Sul entre 1890 e 1950. / The psychological ideas were introduced in Rio Grande do Sul with the foundation of the Medicine School (1898) and the Law School (1900). This thesis aimed to describe the psychological ideas in these two schools and to establish the relationship between psychology and others realms of knowledge in the Rio Grande do Sul. The libraries of Medicine School and Law School, the historical archives of Porto Alegre and Rio Grande do Sul were investigated. The books and the thesis founded were enlisted by their origin, time of publication and thematic areas. The research at the historical archives helped to describe the socio-cultural framework where the schools were developed trough the analysis of legislation and newspapers. All documents were analyzed by History of Psychological Ideas and History of Science theories. Six categories were identified: “Psychological ideas and hygiene conceptions in Rio Grande do Sul", “Mental health conceptions and Psychiatry in the Rio Grande do Sul", “Criminology, identity and behavior at sul-rio-grandense society", “Public health and childhood care: First experiences in school hygiene", “Diagnosis strategies and mental health treatment on Neurology and Psychiatry perspectives", “The relationship between man and environment: First experiences in the application of psychosomatic theory in Rio Grande do Sul". The results were a panorama of psychological ideas in Rio Grande do Sul between 1890 and 1950.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Karine Martins Garcia.pdf: 3058788 bytes, checksum: 7ba19e6c8cb9f1587df78b75dfa926e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work proposes to analyze the speeches and actions concerning to doctors practices at Fortaleza city in the early twentieth century. And, specially, understand the strategies and measures employed for more active participation of this group in the city. Among the main issues examined in this work, there are: the role of the doctors in actions to improve the health, the search for a more effectively workspace in the field of public health, training and participation of the Centro Médico Cearense (Medical Center from Ceará), in Fortaleza, and the interventions of doctors from Ceara and the Rockefeller Commission in preventing and fighting yellow fever. The diversified research sources contributed to understand how doctors earned at that time a place in directing and organizing the daily life of Fortaleza (1900-1935) / Este trabalho tem como proposta analisar os discursos e ações referentes às práticas dos médicos na cidade de Fortaleza no começo do século XX. E especialmente, perceber as estratégias e medidas empregadas para a participação mais ativa desse grupo na cidade. Dentre as questões principais analisadas nesse estudo estão: a atuação dos médicos nas ações de melhoramento da salubridade, a busca por um espaço de trabalho mais efetivo no campo da saúde pública, a formação e participação do Centro Médico Cearense em Fortaleza e as intervenções dos médicos cearenses e da Comissão Rockefeller na prevenção e combate da febre amarela. As diversificadas fontes contribuíram para entender como os médicos neste momento conquistaram um lugar no direcionamento e organização do cotidiano de Fortaleza (1900-1935)

Doctors, academically educated and authorized, assert that there is more to being a real doctor than having fulfilled the formal criteria. It has been said that there is a particular doctor's ethos, which is based not only on thorough medical education but also on traditional know-how, internalized ethics and good character. This paper contains several studies of the efforts of Swedish physicians to define themselves as doctors, individually and collectively, during the period 1890-1960 and to identify the ethos of their profession. The empirical material consists mainly of texts written by doctors for doctors on different social and political questions pertaining to the profession's interests. Studying the identities, interests and ideals that have been expressed by Swedish doctors in society and on the professional and individual level made it possible to distinguish and describe different aspects of their particular ethos. The starting point for these studies was the discussions during the inter-war period – held above all in Germany but also in Sweden – about the crisis of medicine and of the medical profession (chapter 1). Developments in legislation concerning the authorization of doctors show the ambiguity of the Swedish doctor's legal identity (chapter 2). The Swedish medical profession's efforts to hold on to the concept of internalized ethics meant that formal ethical rules were not accepted until 1951 (chapter 3). A study of medical obituaries revealed that the ideal doctor was seen as a man and a good colleague with his ethics rooted in antiquity (chapter 4). The heterogeneous medical profession has not been able to reach a consensus as to a common identity or common interests and ideals. The efforts of leading men amongst Swedish doctors gain charismatic, traditional and legal legitimacy for the profession have been opposed. After 1960, however, doctor's legitimacy in the scientific field has gained ground (chapter 5). Debate concerning the ethos of the doctors served as a strategy to unite the profession and to draw boundaries against those considered to be unqualified actors in the field of the healing arts. This, in itself, is part of this ethos.

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Texte remanié de : Dissertation (doctoral) : Ruhr-Universität Bochum : 1999. / Textes en allemand, arabe, et anglais. Bibliogr. p. 291-294.

In eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Britain, a bacterial infection which we now know to be caused primarily by a streptococcus, was killing women in childbirth at an alarming rate. The disease, called puerperal, or childbed, fever, was being transmitted primarily from doctor to patient by a doctor’s unwashed hands and filthy, contaminated clothing and linens. Despite this evident and, in retrospect, obvious vector, the doctors of this period never discovered how to prevent their patients from dying a gruesome and painful death. Many physicians wrote extensive accounts of the illness but often ended their works in despair, unable to find the cause. Much of the historical literature blames this befuddlement on personality traits of the physicians, arguing that egos and professional hostilities prevented the kind of cooperation that could have led to progress. This study attempts to show that this failure was not a product of personalities but of the modern physicians’ assumptions and logic. The assumptions were the stillpowerful, but often unnoticed, dictates about the human body handed down from ancient Greek medicine. The logical errors were a product of pre-scientific notions of definition, explanation, and evidence. The author argues that it was not a lack of data that thwarted the physicians, but a series of these intellectual roadblocks that prevented them from understanding and extended the terror of puerperal fever for another two centuries.

This dissertation examines representations of the body in the Old French fabliaux in order to elucidate these stories’ philosophy (or philosophies) of language and their relationship to religious, medical, and dietetic cultures. An exploration of contemporary discourses referenced in the fabliaux – moral discourses around sex and food, medical and dietetic theories concerning food and animals, and rituals and rites surrounding the living and dying body – demonstrates how these elements shape narrative structure, characters, key objects, and décor. The fabliaux exhibit bodies founded by and coextensive with language, which, particularly in the form of speech, is simultaneously a function of the body. This dissertation shows the fabliaux to be profoundly anchored in the material world, but also aware that the physical and material are affected by language, and subject to transformation by the greater context of twelfth-, thirteenth-, and early fourteenth-century literature in its vernacular and Latin, secular and religious forms. The first chapter provides a critical history of the major questions in fabliaux scholarship through the 1980s, when the field began to undergo a number of important changes. The first part of Chapter 2 pursues the physical body in the fabliaux through pleasures, particularly the sexual and alimentary, while arguing that the stories respond to outside discourses about physical behavior, and that sensual or carnal pleasures and those of language coexist. The second section traces the relationship of spaces – social and domestic, permitted and forbidden – to morality. Analysis of the localization of the body in space indicates that space is essential to the construction of bodies, and may even determine (the perception of) guilt or innocence. The third chapter demonstrates that the humor of many fabliaux depends on anxieties concerning the spatial incursions of death, which mirror the visitations of outside texts. Miracles and superstitions constitute the focus of the fourth chapter, which examines the exploitation of supernatural events by the fabliaux’ human actors. The final chapter shows the importance of dysphemism and polysemy, of audience interpretation, and of the potential dangers of misinterpretation when texts become bodies and bodies become texts. / Romance Languages and Literatures

Doctors, academically educated and authorized, assert that there is more to being a real doctor than having fulfilled the formal criteria. It has been said that there is a particular doctor's ethos, which is based not only on thorough medical education but also on traditional know-how, internalized ethics and good character. This paper contains several studies of the efforts of Swedish physicians to define themselves as doctors, individually and collectively, during the period 1890-1960 and to identify the ethos of their profession. The empirical material consists mainly of texts written by doctors for doctors on different social and political questions pertaining to the profession's interests. Studying the identities, interests and ideals that have been expressed by Swedish doctors in society and on the professional and individual level made it possible to distinguish and describe different aspects of their particular ethos. The starting point for these studies was the discussions during the inter-war period – held above all in Germany but also in Sweden – about the crisis of medicine and of the medical profession (chapter 1). Developments in legislation concerning the authorization of doctors show the ambiguity of the Swedish doctor's legal identity (chapter 2). The Swedish medical profession's efforts to hold on to the concept of internalized ethics meant that formal ethical rules were not accepted until 1951 (chapter 3). A study of medical obituaries revealed that the ideal doctor was seen as a man and a good colleague with his ethics rooted in antiquity (chapter 4). The heterogeneous medical profession has not been able to reach a consensus as to a common identity or common interests and ideals. The efforts of leading men amongst Swedish doctors gain charismatic, traditional and legal legitimacy for the profession have been opposed. After 1960, however, doctor's legitimacy in the scientific field has gained ground (chapter 5). Debate concerning the ethos of the doctors served as a strategy to unite the profession and to draw boundaries against those considered to be unqualified actors in the field of the healing arts. This, in itself, is part of this ethos.

La presente tesis doctoral realiza un estudio historiográfico de la toco-ginecología catalana a través del estudio de las comunicaciones presentadas a los “Congresos dels Metges de Llengua Catalana”, que tuvieron un total de nueve ediciones, desde la primera en 1913 hasta la última en 1936. Nuestra intención es dejar constancia de la existencia, dentro del volumen de la documentación generada en dichos Congresos, de algunos trabajos sumamente aleccionadores y avanzados a su época, incluyendo algunas primicias mundiales. De esta manera, se pone a disposición de los estudiosos todo un conjunto de materias que hasta ahora habían pasado ignoradas, ya que la historia de la toco-ginecología catalana es un campo de estudio poco estudiado.

Thesis (doctoral)--Université Pari I--Panthéon-Sorbonne, 2003. / Title from Summary page ; description based on resource as of 2005-06-22. Includes bibliographical references and index.