O presente trabalho é um estudo dos editoriais dos jornais Cruzeiro do Sul e Diário de Sorocaba entre os anos de 1964 e 1974, no contexto do Estado Autoritário, sob o governo militar, com o objetivo de compreender o papel dos dois principais jornais da cidade de Sorocaba, com influencias em outras cidades da região, durante esses dez anos de construção e consolidação da ordem autoritária. A investigação dos editoriais permitiu observar e reconstituir as trajetórias destes jornais demonstrando aspectos importantes tanto para a história social e política do período, quanto para a história da cidade de Sorocaba e de sua imprensa diária local. / This Paperwork is a study of the editorials from Cruzeiro do Suland Diário de Sorocaba newspapers between the years of 1964 and 1974, in the context of the Authoritarian State Regime, under the Military Government Rule, in order to understand the role of the major newspapers from Sorocaba city, which also had influence in the other cities in the region, during these period of ten years of construction and consolidation of the authoritarian order. This Editorials Research allowed observation and recognition these newspapers trajectories demonstrating important aspects for both the social and the political history of the period, as for the history of the city of Sorocaba and its local daily press.

O presente trabalho é um estudo dos editoriais dos jornais Cruzeiro do Sul e Diário de Sorocaba entre os anos de 1964 e 1974, no contexto do Estado Autoritário, sob o governo militar, com o objetivo de compreender o papel dos dois principais jornais da cidade de Sorocaba, com influencias em outras cidades da região, durante esses dez anos de construção e consolidação da ordem autoritária. A investigação dos editoriais permitiu observar e reconstituir as trajetórias destes jornais demonstrando aspectos importantes tanto para a história social e política do período, quanto para a história da cidade de Sorocaba e de sua imprensa diária local. / This Paperwork is a study of the editorials from Cruzeiro do Suland Diário de Sorocaba newspapers between the years of 1964 and 1974, in the context of the Authoritarian State Regime, under the Military Government Rule, in order to understand the role of the major newspapers from Sorocaba city, which also had influence in the other cities in the region, during these period of ten years of construction and consolidation of the authoritarian order. This Editorials Research allowed observation and recognition these newspapers trajectories demonstrating important aspects for both the social and the political history of the period, as for the history of the city of Sorocaba and its local daily press.

O presente trabalho é um estudo dos editoriais dos jornais Correio da Manhã e Jornal do Brasil entre os anos de 1964 e 1968, no contexto da ditadura militar, com o objetivo de compreender o papel da imprensa e a relação do campo liberal com os militares nos quatro primeiros anos do regime, momento de construção e consolidação da ordem autoritária. A investigação dos editoriais de dois dos mais importantes órgãos da imprensa escrita da época permite reconstituir as trajetórias muitas vezes ambíguas e contraditórias dos jornais, iluminando aspectos importantes da história social e política do período. Os editoriais escolhidos para análise estão separados em três momentos distintos, significativos no contexto pesquisado: o golpe militar e o início da ditadura em 1964; a consolidação da ordem autoritária entre 1965 e 1966 e a ascensão das forças de oposição entre 1967 e 1968 até o Ato Institucional nº 5. / This work is a study of editorials of the newspapers Correio da Manhã and Jornal do Brasil between 1964 and 1968, in the beginning of the military dictatorship, with the aim of understanding the role of the press and the relation between liberals and militaries in the first four years of the military government, in a period of construction and consolidation of the authoritarian order. The research of the editorials of two of the most important press organisations makes it possible to recognize the trajectories often ambiguous and contradictory of those newspapers, revealing important aspects of social and political history of the period. Editorials chosen for analysis are separated into three different periods: the military coup and the beginning of the dictatorship in 1964; the consolidation of authoritarian order between 1965 and 1966 and the rise of opposition between 1967 and 1968 until the Ato Institucional nº 5.

O presente trabalho é um estudo dos editoriais dos jornais Correio da Manhã e Jornal do Brasil entre os anos de 1964 e 1968, no contexto da ditadura militar, com o objetivo de compreender o papel da imprensa e a relação do campo liberal com os militares nos quatro primeiros anos do regime, momento de construção e consolidação da ordem autoritária. A investigação dos editoriais de dois dos mais importantes órgãos da imprensa escrita da época permite reconstituir as trajetórias muitas vezes ambíguas e contraditórias dos jornais, iluminando aspectos importantes da história social e política do período. Os editoriais escolhidos para análise estão separados em três momentos distintos, significativos no contexto pesquisado: o golpe militar e o início da ditadura em 1964; a consolidação da ordem autoritária entre 1965 e 1966 e a ascensão das forças de oposição entre 1967 e 1968 até o Ato Institucional nº 5. / This work is a study of editorials of the newspapers Correio da Manhã and Jornal do Brasil between 1964 and 1968, in the beginning of the military dictatorship, with the aim of understanding the role of the press and the relation between liberals and militaries in the first four years of the military government, in a period of construction and consolidation of the authoritarian order. The research of the editorials of two of the most important press organisations makes it possible to recognize the trajectories often ambiguous and contradictory of those newspapers, revealing important aspects of social and political history of the period. Editorials chosen for analysis are separated into three different periods: the military coup and the beginning of the dictatorship in 1964; the consolidation of authoritarian order between 1965 and 1966 and the rise of opposition between 1967 and 1968 until the Ato Institucional nº 5.

The master thesis Bedřich Kocek and Czech Press Photography is concerned with the life and work of Bedřich Kocek - Czech photojournalist who worked in the renowned journal Svět v obrazech (translated as World in Pictures) for over thirty years. The theoretical part specifies the genre of journalistic photography and its development from the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries to the 1980s. Furthermore, the development of the journal Svět v obrazech serves as an example for outlining the media and political context in Czechoslovakia since the end of World War II, when the periodical was established, until the 1980s, when Bedřich Kocek left the profession of a photojournalist. An especially valuable and vital part of the thesis is a chapter about the life of Bedřich Kocek, which has not been previously researched and described in detail. That section is based on personal interviews with the photographer using the oral history method. Moreover, the thesis explores the photographic work of Bedřich Kocek through the use of compositional analysis as well as the characteristic features of his pictures, which were part of the reports produced for Svět v obrazech.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rafael da Gama.pdf: 5711868 bytes, checksum: 1bcdadfeb0b9b75175c906503ace33c5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research analyzes how part of the press of Belém, during the late 1930s and the early 1940s (1938-1941), portrays the cinema and the woman. We will seek to debate in what manner the press built female ideals associated to the movies, through issues, illustrations and advertisements. The major documentary sources that will be analyzed are two variety magazines "A Semana" and "Pará Ilustrado", that used to circulate in the city which constantly issued the State of Pará, promoting spaces, ideals and social behaviors. We will also examine the great press of Pará, the newspaper "Folha do Norte" and the female catholic magazine "Quero", discussing on how these media press depicted the city of Belém, its movie theaters and content. Furthermore, we will apprehend the approach made by the press towards women, the feminine ideal which they presented and how they used to articulate it in the direction of the female value shown in the cinema. Thus, the press will be discussed as an active agent in the urban medium, used by social groups for diffusion of spaces, behaviors and values, in this case, more specifically, in the propagation and consolidation of the cinema in the city, whether articulating with its social construction of the city of Belém or making a strong use of the feminine in the direction of disclosure and appreciation of the cinema / Esta pesquisa analisa como parte da imprensa belenense na década de 30 e início da década de 40 (1938-1941) retrata o cinema e a mulher. Procuraremos debater como a imprensa construía ideais femininos associados ao cinema, através de matérias, ilustrações e anúncios publicitários. As principais fontes documentais que analisaremos são as revistas de variedades A Semana e Pará Ilustrado , que circulavam na cidade, das quais constantemente tratavam do Estado do Pará, difundindo espaços, ideais e comportamentos sociais. Também analisaremos o jornal de grande imprensa do Estado do Pará Folha do Norte e a revista católica feminina Quero , debatendo como estes veículos de comunicação retratavam a cidade de Belém, suas salas cinematográficas e seu conteúdo fílmico. Ademais, perceberemos as suas abordagens feitas à mulher, os ideais femininos que estes apresentavam, e o modo como articulavam seus ideais de mulher aos valores femininos presentes no cinema. Assim, discutiremos a imprensa como um agente ativo no meio urbano, utilizado por grupos sociais para a difusão de espaços, comportamentos e valores, nesse caso, mais especificamente, na propagação e consolidação do cinema na cidade, quer seja o articulando com sua construção social da cidade de Belém ou se utilizando fortemente do feminino para difusão e valorização desse cinema

Ce travail se propose de reconstruire une page peu connue de l'histoire de la diaspora de l'époque du Risorgimento, écrite autour d'un journal littéraire publié à Paris entre les mois de mai et octobre 1836, «L’Italiano. Foglio letterario».Conçu en Suisse par Mazzini et certains de ses compagnons d'exil, «L’Italiano» vit le jour grâce à la collaboration d'un groupe d'exilés italiens résidant dans la capitale française.Par rapport à l'idée d'origine née au sein de la Jeune Italie, le journal dut se confronter à des intellectuels aux parcours culturels et politiques divers qui collaborèrent pour « inaugurer une nationalité, soit-elle littéraire ».Contrairement à son prédécesseur parisien, «L'Exilé» (1832-1834), qui avait l'ambition d'offrir au public italien et français une histoire de la littérature italienne, «L'Italiano» proposait un programme de « critique éducatrice » en s'adressant principalement aux intellectuels de la péninsule.Outre le partage d'une conception éthique et civique de la littérature, le socle culturel sur lequel reposait le journal se fondait sur l'adhésion à une philosophie spiritualiste qui, tout en se revendiquant exclusivement italienne, était alimentée par la rencontre avec certains penseurs français de la Restauration, comme Pierre Leroux et Philippe Buchez.Le programme littéraire du journal s'appuyait sur le théâtre dramatique et sur le mélodrame, considérés comme des dispositifs de mobilisation politique aptes à transposer l'idée de nation sur un plan émotif et symbolique mais aussi à toucher les classes populaires sans avoir recours à la médiation de la parole écrite. / The research aims at reconstructing a neglected episode in the cultural life of the Italian exiles in the Age of the Risorgimento and is centered on a literary magazine published in Paris, from May to October 1836: «L'Italiano. Foglio letterario».«L'Italiano» was envisaged by Mazzini in Switzerland, together with his companions ofexile, and was eventually published with the aid of a group of Italian refugees in Paris. The journal was originally conceived within the context of the «Giovine Italia», but had to face up to a number of intellectuals whose cultural and political background was extremely various and whose intent was to cooperate in order to «principiare una nazionalità, sia pure letteraria».While «L’Exilé» (1832-1834) – the nearest antecedent of this magazine – aspired to provide an history of Italian literature for the Italian and French readers, «L'Italiano» presented rather a program of «critica educatrice» and it was especially addressed to the Italian intellectuals.The circle which arised around the journal was cemented not only by an ethic and engaged conception of literature, but also by a spiritualist philosophy: even if the proponents defended the Italian character of this philosophy, it was developed through a continuous exchange with French Philosophers of the Age of Reaction, such as Pierre Leroux and Philippe Buchez.The journal's proposal was centered on dramatic theatre and melodrama, insofar as theywere considered as instruments for political mobilization, apt to set on an emotional and symbolic dimension the idea of nation, as well as to affect the working-class, without the need for written words. / Questo lavoro si propone di ricostruire una pagina poco nota della diaspora risorgimentale, sorta attorno a un giornale letterario che si pubblicò a Parigi tra il maggio e l'ottobre del 1836, «L’Italiano. Foglio letterario». Concepito in Svizzera da Mazzini e da alcuni suoi compagni d’esilio, «L’Italiano» vide finalmente la luce grazie alla collaborazione di un gruppo di esuli italiani residenti nella capitale francese. Rispetto all’idea originaria, sorta in seno alla Giovine Italia, il giornale dovette confrontarsi con intellettuali dai percorsi culturali e politici assai diversi tra loro, che si trovarono a cooperare per «principiare una nazionalità, sia pure letteraria».Diversamente dal suo precedente parigino, «L'Exilé» (1832-1834), che ambiva a offrire al pubblico italiano e francese una storia della letteratura italiana, «L'Italiano» proponeva, invece, un programma di «critica educatrice» rivolto principalmente agli intellettuali della penisola. Oltre alla condivisione di una concezione etica e civile della letteratura, il sodalizio culturale sorto attorno al giornale si fondava sull’adesione a una filosofia di stampo spiritualista che, pur rivendicando un’origine tutta italiana, si alimentava grazie al confronto con alcuni pensatori francesi della Restaurazione, come Pierre Leroux e Philippe Buchez.La proposta letteraria del giornale poggiava sul teatro drammatico e sul melodramma, in cui riconosceva dei dispositivi di mobilitazione politica che, oltre a proiettare l’idea di nazione su un piano emotivo e simbolico, potevano raggiungere le classi popolari senza la mediazione della parola scritta.

Ce travail de thèse se propose d’étudier le Mercure François comme objet d’histoire à part entière. Souvent considérée comme annonciatrice de la presse périodique d’actualité politique, cette collection de vingt-cinq volumes imprimés et publiés périodiquement à Paris entre 1611 et 1648, poursuit en réalité l’objectif d’écrire et publier l’histoire du temps présent du royaume de France et de l’Europe chrétienne entre 1605 et 1644. L’articulation d’une analyse de l’intégralité de la collection à l’étude de cas choisis dans le périodique pour leurs enjeux politiques est la méthode adoptée ici. Le croisement de sources internes et externes au Mercure François permet d’analyser la définition donnée au périodique par les acteurs, et, donc, de préciser leur conception de l’histoire. L’écriture de celle-ci est perçue comme un engagement politique et civique. La comparaison de la relation et de la publication d’événements politiques marquants par différents médias a permis de préciser le rôle déterminant des frères Richer, les imprimeurs-libraires du Mercure François, dans la fondation engagé de la collection. Il a également permis de noter les évolutions du Mercure François en fonction du contexte politique et de l’influence croissante des théories de la raison d’État. / This thesis is to study the Mercure Francois as a real history object. Often considered as an archaic form of the periodic political news media, this collection of twenty-five volumes printed and published periodically in Paris between 1611 and 1648, pursued in fact the goal of writing and publishing the present history of the kingdom of France and Christian Europe between 1605 and 1644. The joint analysis of the entire collection to the cases studied and chosen for the political issues at that time is the approach taken here. The crossing of internal and external sources to the Mercure François used to analyze the definition of the periodical by the actors, and, therefore, to clarify their definition of history. The writing of it was seen as a political and civic engagement. The comparison of the narration and the publication of important political events in various media has clarified the crucial role of Richer brothers, Mercure François’ printers and booksellers in the foundation engaged of the collection. It has also allowed to note changes in the Mercure François according to the political context and to the growing influence of the reason of State’s theories at the time.

When Martin Luther supposedly nailed his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517 to the Castle Church door in Wittenberg, the small town had only a single printing press. By the end of the century, Wittenberg had published more books than any other city in the Holy Roman Empire. Of the leading print centres in early modern Europe, Wittenberg was the only one that was not a major centre of trade, politics, or culture. This thesis examines the rise of the Wittenberg printing industry and analyses how it overtook the Empire's leading print centres. Luther's controversy—and the publications it produced—attracted printers to Wittenberg who would publish tract after tract. In only a few years, Luther became the most published author since the invention of the printing press. This thesis investigates the workshops of the four leading printers in Wittenberg during Luther's lifetime: Nickel Schirlentz, Josef Klug, Hans Lufft, and Georg Rhau. Together, these printers conquered the German print world. They were helped with the assistance of the famous Renaissance artist, Lucas Cranach the Elder, who lived in Wittenberg as court painter to the Elector of Saxony. His woodcut title page borders decorated the covers of Luther's books and were copied throughout the Empire. Capitalising off the demand for Wittenberg books, many printers falsely printed that their books were from Wittenberg. Such fraud played a major role in the Reformation book trade, as printers in every major print centre made counterfeits of Wittenberg books. However, Reformation pamphlets were not the sole reason for Wittenberg's success. Such items played only a marginal role in the local industry. It was the great Luther Bibles, spurred by Luther's emphasis on Bible reading, that allowed Wittenberg's printers to overcome the odds and become the largest print centre in early modern Germany.