Orientador: Paulo Sérgio Fracalanza / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-23T10:02:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luz_ManuelRamonSouza_D.pdf: 1911188 bytes, checksum: 261e5cf8ed7746fc544ac7474b7826fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Inspirada pelos escritos do antropólogo francês Louis Dumont, a Tese apresenta uma interpretação inovadora para compreender a gênese da ideia de indivíduo econômico. O trabalho procura mostrar como a ideia de indivíduo, que nas ciências econômicas adquiriu o rótulo de Homo Economicus, pode ser entendida como o resultado do avanço e da hegemonia da doutrina cristã no pensamento ocidental. Buscando complementar outras interpretações acerca da construção da ideia de indivíduo na economia, o trabalho se centra na compreensão dos meios pelos quais a "noção de pessoa" ocidental foi sendo elaborada, explicitando sua referência cristã e, no mesmo sentido, mostrando como o indivíduo das elaborações econômicas, especialmente aquele da teorização neoclássica, pode ser entendido como uma manifestação desta referência religiosa. O trabalho mostra que a concepção de indivíduo não é mera constatação objetiva, acessível pela razão, como a economia neoclássica assume. Pelo contrário, a visão econômica e ocidental de indivíduo é entendida aqui como resultado de um hábito de pensamento estritamente religioso / Abstract: Inspired by the writings of the French anthropologist Louis Dumont the Thesis presents an innovative interpretation to understand the genesis of the idea of the individual. The work seeks to show that the idea of the individual, which economics coined with the label of Homo Economicus, might be understood as the result of the advance and hegemony of Christian doctrine in Western thought. In order to complement other interpretations about the construction of the idea of the individual in economics, this work focuses specially on the understanding of the ways by which the western "notion of person" was elaborated. It explains the emergence of a Christian orientation and at the same time shows how the individual from economic elaborations, especially the one of neoclassical theory can be understood as a manifestation of this religious reference. The work clarifies that the conception of the individual is not objective and accessible by reason as neoclassical economics and western thought in general assumes. Rather, the economic vision of the individual is understood here as a result of a strictly religious habit of thought / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

Seminario para optar al título de Ingeniería Comercial, Mención Economía / Este seminario de título tiene como objetivo dar cuenta de las variaciones que dentro de la economía podemos encontrar a la pregunta de ¿Qué es el hombre? o ¿Qué es el homo-economicus? A Partir de la lectura de textos desde años previos a los autores clásicos hasta la actualidad se presentan las variadas respuestas que se ha entregado a estas preguntas. El principal objetivo de esta investigación es dar cuenta que el pensamiento económico no es una escalera ascendente hacia la verdad, si no que ha tenido cambios según la época y que por tanto la economía debe hacerse responsable de estas diferencias para una comprensión más acabada acerca de nuestra disciplina. La presentación de textos previos a los autores clásicos, incluyendo pasajes desde los griegos y las críticas que se puedan hacer desde una perspectiva epistemológica pretenden cuestionar el mito de que Adam Smith sea exactamente el padre de la economía como la conocemos hoy y realizar una corrección a que la economía, desde un punto de vista actual, dista mucho de lo que años atrás podrían haber dicho los autores clásicos sobre el intercambio de bienes. En conjunto a esto se realiza una exposición puntual sobre cómo la maximización como tal puede no ser totalmente informativa en el futuro de la economía, abriendo la puerta a nuevas preguntas sobre el valor psicológico y cómo la realidad simbólica puede afectar nuestra toma de decisiones en formas que los modelos más clásicos no pueden abarcar. Este seminario en gran parte es una invitación a preguntarse cosas más que a responderlas de plano, siempre desde la duda central ¿Qué es esto que llamamos economía?

abstract: This thesis examines the rhetorical relationship between migrant death and American culture, with an emphasis on how postmortem treatment of the deceased gives shape to anti-migrant attitudes. By isolating one instance of death on the border and considering the discourse that ensued in the following two months, this research assesses mechanisms of a rhetoric of death (necrorhetoric) as they relate to sociopolitical constructions of the migrant. The political apparatus of the State as a natural extension of biopower confers upon it the authority to produce sacred life or bare life (homo sacer). This process of production creates conditions of being which precede the potential to kill without allegation of murder, constructs the content of sovereign power, and results in a social sense-making, or public doxa, that informs cultural values and justifies collective attitudes. As the process is perfected, meticulous and calculated demonstrations of force become a crucial exercise of sovereignty. Efforts to enforce and maintain control of the border develop into increasingly streamlined methods, placing the state on an incremental trajectory of power that inaugurates ritualized and state sanctioned violence. The aggrieved take on a sociopolitical role that renders their lives less than fully human, allowing further alienation and segregation to occur. The desire to maintain sovereign power is the typifying force around which United States history has been shaped, and this desire continues to inform contemporary American policy. Analysis of legal, presidential, and news documents pertaining to the deaths of Oscar Martinez Ramirez and his twenty-three-month-old daughter, Valeria, reveals a network of rhetorical maneuvering that gives evidence of a necropolitical environment defined by its intentional and obscure brutality. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis English 2020

This thesis examines the basic attitude of individual (presented as Homo economicus) on the market, as well as the part of the group that he/she lives in. First part deals with economic phenomenon, where Homo economicus is placed on the market and his role is described through some examples of transactions and certain processes on microeconomics and macroeconomics level. The other part deals with human nature, which is connected with Homo economicus. The aim of this chapter is to prove that there is some part of human nature that exist in all of us and thus in Homo economicus as well. Some of the main passions and urges are described and attached to individual, deepening the general picture of Homo economicus. This part of the thesis gives a different approach to Homo economicus' nature, based on a more social structure where one is placed in a society, which is presented through individual's interaction with others, as well as through the need of accomplishing himself/herself as a human being in the society. Lastly, the aim is to show that Homo economicus is inevitably connected to human nature. In order to achieve the ambition, he/she needs society, needs the others, and from that need a qualitative jump can occur because one is pushing the society forward. The importance of society in...

付記する学位プログラム名: 充実した健康長寿社会を築く総合医療開発リーダー育成プログラム / 京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21790号 / 工博第4607号 / 新制||工||1718(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科分子工学専攻 / (主査)教授 白川 昌宏, 教授 梶 弘典, 教授 森 泰生 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DGAM

Since the 1980s there has been a strong desire on behalf of the state to identify and intervene in the group described as over-indebted. Drawing on Michel Foucault’s thinking this thesis employs the theoretical framework of governmentality with the methodological approach of genealogy. The thesis examines how individuals and entrepreneurs were constructed into different subject positions in the Swedish debate of debt relief between 1985-2016. The purpose of this thesis is to contribute to an enhanced understanding of the reproduction of discursive practices. This thesis has two key findings: firstly, it illustrates the transformation from debate into legislation, since what was articulated in the debate also became part of the law. Secondly, it shows the enhancement over time of over-indebted entrepreneurs in relation to over-indebted individuals. While entrepreneurs were constructed as rational agents promoting the public good, over-indebted individuals underwent a shift of subject positions which evolved over time. In the years leading up to the first consumer insolvency law in 1994, they were portrayed as irresponsible credit consumers. Subsequently, they transitioned into a marginalized group of perpetual debtors. This thesis argues that homo economicus, for over-indebted individuals, can be seen as the teleological outcome of the debt relief system.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka, skildra och tolka lekens innebörder i konfirmationsundervisningen, utifrån de vuxna anordnarnas perspektiv.

A shift in gaze has occurred in the study of the early modern period, one which has begun to examine the Western world in a more global and comprehensive context. This shift has been extensively written upon with regards to a historical consideration by researchers like Nabil Matar, Jeremy Brotton, Gerald MacLean, and others. This “re-orientation”, as MacLean calls it, has extended itself into the realm of literature studies, though Shakespeare and his works have been the focus of much of the scholarship circulating today. While the Bard has much to tell us, in the spirit of this expansion my thesis will focus on the work of another early modernist: poet, activist, and scholar John Milton. Utilizing both the knowledge provided by historicist scholars for contextualization and the critical apparatus of scholars like Gil Anidjar and Daniel Vitkus as a framework, my thesis will work to examine the possibility of the Islamic holy text, the Qur’an, as an influence for Milton. Focusing on the text of Samson Agonistes as a site for this influence and interaction, it will be my intention to deconstruct specific passages from Milton’s text and verses from the Qur’an in order to expose a thematic and dialectic connection between these two seemingly incongruous corpi. I will accomplish this through a careful deconstruction of elements of monotheistic religious violence and political theology as well as an examination of the inclusion or exclusion of certain events, people, or themes in Milton’s text which deviate from their Judeo-Christian origins. Finally, I will discuss the early modern Christians’ historical fear of Islamic conversion and conquer alongside an examination of Samson’s destruction of the Philistine temple in the context of political theology, in an attempt at elucidating the link between this historical fear of “turning Turk” and the supposed justification for violence against an ideological other that drives Samson towards his violent and self-conclusive act. Through this research I intend to broaden the scope of Miltonic and early modern literature studies in the hopes of creating a more global and considerate understanding of Milton’s texts.

No description available.

Il existe chez les espèces du genre Homo une diversité morphologique crânienne et cérébrale importante, et les interactions de ces deux éléments sont complexes. De manière générale, au cours de l’évolution de ce taxon, le neurocrâne prend une importance croissante par rapport au bloc facial en raison d’une expansion cérébrale marquée. Cependant, les modalités de cette expansion sont multiples, et elle se met en place chez les différentes espèces via des modifications morphologiques qui leur sont propres. Mise à part l’augmentation du volume cérébral, l’endocrâne témoigne de réorganisations neuroanatomiques. Ces différents facteurs - volume et organisation – ainsi que les contraintes morpho-fonctionnelles diverses exercées sur la face externe du crâne, sont susceptibles de résulter en une variété de relations morphologiques et spatiales entre le neurocrâne et l’endocrâne. Il est donc pertinent de documenter ces relations afin de pouvoir par la suite mieux appréhender la variabilité et les mécanismes évolutifs à l’oeuvre chez les différents taxons du genre Homo. Nous explorons dans ce travail de thèse les variations jointes du neurocrâne et de l’endocrâne dans le genre Homo et chez Homo sapiens. Cette contribution est basée sur l’analyse de modèles virtuels de crânes et d’endocrânes à l’aide de méthodes géométriques et d’une méthode innovative de déformations de surfaces. Nous avons étudié des données morphologiques issues de populations actuelles afin d’éclaircir la nature des relations entre le neurocrâne et l’endocrâne chez Homo sapiens. Pour cela, nous avons comparé les asymétries des hémisphères de l’endocrâne – qui reflètent celles des hémisphères cérébraux – aux asymétries de la voûte crânienne. Les schémas d’asymétrie bilatérale relevés sont identiques sur le crâne et sur l’endocrâne. Cela s’explique par une morphologie de la voûte du crâne calquée sur celle de l’endocrâne, malgré un effet « tampon » de l’os qui n’enregistre pas sur sa face externe toutes les asymétries cérébrales. Les possibles corrélations entre le degré d’asymétrie et des facteurs tels que la conformation générale du crâne, la robustesse des superstructures osseuses, le sexe et le volume endocrânien ont également été explorées. Nous avons ensuite analysé les schémas de co-variation entre neurocrâne et endocrâne au sein du genre Homo. Nous avons ainsi pu mettre en évidence des éléments de co-variation qui concernent l’ensemble du genre Homo, et d’autres qui sont spécifiques à certains taxons, notamment aux Néandertaliens ou à Homo sapiens. Ainsi, si la conformation de la voûte crânienne est très semblable à la morphologie endocrânienne, les interactions crâne-endocrâne dans la zone occipitale et cérébelleuse apparaissent plus variables, et semblent inféodées au degré de globularisation de l’ensemble du cerveau et du neurocrâne. Ces résultats mettent en évidence certaines interactions entre réorganisations cérébrales et morphologie crânienne chez les différentes espèces du genre Homo, et soulignent le caractère crucial du croisement des données et des méthodes pour l’interprétation du registre fossile. / Species of the genus Homo display cranial and endocranial morphological variations, with complex interactions between these two elements. Generally speaking, throughout the evolution of this taxon the neurocranium becomes increasingly important by comparison with the facial skeleton, due to a marked cerebral expansion. The modalities of this expansion differ accross species and occur at least partly through species-specific morphological processes. Apart from the increase in cerebral volume, the endocast bears the traces of neuroanatomical reorganisations. These two factors – volume and organisation – as well as various morpho-functional constraints on the external face of the cranium, may result in a variety of morphological and spacial relationships between the neurocranium and the endocranium. It is therefore important to document these relations in order to better apprehend the variability and the evolutionary mechanisms behind the morphologies of the different Homo species.This doctoral thesis explores the joint morphological variations of the neurocranium and endocast in the genus Homo and within Homo sapiens through multiple approaches. We offer a contribution to this topic based on shape analyses of virtual crania and endocasts, using geometric morphometrics and an innovative technique of surface deformations. We analysed morphological data from extant populations in order to clarify the nature of the relationship between the neurocranium and the endocast in Homo sapiens. One of the lines of evidence investigated is the correspondence between neurocranial and endocranial (and therefore cerebral) gross asymmetries. Our results show that the patterns of bilateral asymmetries of the neurocranium are identical to those of the endocranium. There is a close correspondance between the morphologies of the endocranial and cranial vaults, despite the neurocranium not displaying the full extent of cerebral asymmetries on its external vault. Correlations between asymmetry and factors including sex, endocranial volume and importance of the bony superstructures were also tested. Co-variation patterns between neurocranial and endocranial morphologies in the genus Homo were analysed. Our results highlight elements of co-variation between the neuro and endocranium which are shared accross the genus Homo, and others which are species-specific. While the cranial vault closely follows endocranial morphology, interaction patterns between the endo and neurocranium in the occipito-cerebellar area appear more variable and linked to the overall degree of globularisation of the brain and neurocranium. These results highlight some of the interactions between cerebral reorganisations and cranial morphology in Homo species, and underline the importance of crossing data and methods in order to interpret the fossil record.