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1	What's In A Neanderthal: A Comparative Analysis Stephan, Taylorlyn January 2017 (has links) No description available. Archaeology Biology Evolution and Development Genetics Morphology Paleontology Taxonomy Homo neanderthalensis Neanderthal Paleoanthropology Genomics Human evolution Archaeology Comparative morphology Archaeology
2	Reconstitution et position phylétique des restes crâniens de l'Homme de Tautavel (Arago 21-47) et de Biache-Saint-Vaast 2. Apports de l'imagerie et de l'analyse tridimensionnelle. Guipert, Gaspard 30 November 2005 (has links) (PDF) Les récentes découvertes fossiles en Europe (Dmanissi, Ceprano 1, Gran Dolina) complexifient les théories phylétiques concernant les Hominidés précédant les Néandertaliens : les Anténéandertaliens. Afin de mieux appréhender les relations phylétiques entre les différentes espèces connues (Homo georgicus, H. cepranensis, H. antecessor, H. heidelbergensis et H. neanderthalensis), nous avons étudié morphologiquement les fragments originaux et proposé deux reconstitutions virtuelles de deux spécimens fossiles incomplets du Pléistocène moyen : Arago 21-47, Caune de l'Arago, Pyrénées-Orientales, France, et un spécimen inédit, Biache-Saint-Vaast 2, Pas-de-Calais, France. L'imagerie numérique a permis de corriger les déformations taphonomiques, d'assembler les fragments isolés et de proposer des reconstructions crâniennes après prélèvements virtuels sur d'autres spécimens du Pléistocène moyen, des pièces osseuses manquantes. Nous avons relevé les coordonnées 3D d'une série de points de repères sur ces reconstructions et sur un ensemble représentatif d'Hominidés fossiles pour procéder : aux comparaisons Procustes de Modélisations Segmentaires Inter Points (méthode des Thin Plates Splines) et aux Analyses en Composantes Principales de chaque modélisation crânienne (crâne, calotte crânienne, os frontal, voûte bipariétale et os pariétal droit isolé). Nous avons objectivé après comparaisons morphologiques et Procustes des fragments puis de leurs assemblages, une très grande similitude de conformation spatiale entre ces deux individus, les Néandertaliens et Ceprano 1 et anatomique entre Biache-Saint-Vaast 2 (moindre pour Arago 21) et les Néandertaliens. Nous proposons de : 1/ Considérer Arago 21 et Biache-Saint-Vaast 2 comme des Homo heidelbergensis ancien et récent ; 2/ Reconnaître la présence d'une conformation de type néandertalienne en Europe depuis le Pléistocène inférieur final ; 3/ Nommer Anténéandertaliens tous les individus présentant cette morphologie tridimensionnelle. Paléoanthropologie Arago 21 Biache-Saint-Vaast 2 crânes reconstructions virtuelles analyses Procustes TPS Homo neanderthalensis Homo heidelbergensis Anténéandertaliens Prénéandertaliens
3	Gemensamma Symboliska Beteenden Och Interaktioner Mellan Neanderthalare Och H. Sapiens Karlsson, Julia January 2022 (has links) The behaviours that the Neanderthals and Homo sapiens sapiens had in common could have made their interaction more advanced and deeper. Ever since Richard E. Green et al’s discovery in 2010 that a lot of the modern day population have inherited about 1-4 % of the genome from Neanderthals, the assumption that Neanderthals are primitive beings lacking advanced cognition has changed. For H. Sapiens to interbreed with Neanderthals one could argue that they could not have been that dissimilar. Since the modern day population inherited parts of the Neanderthals it could be very interesting to bring more insight into how their relationship and interaction would have looked in relation to H. Sapiens. In this thesis some behaviours will be analysed and compared that existed among them both. In this remark it will be about behaviors of a symbolic nature, indicating a more advanced thinking. These are the usage of personal ornaments, the burial practice, and lastly language and speech. The personal ornaments they used are in some instances very similar, but there is also variation in what they put value in as personal ornaments, later H. Sapiens put a lot of energy into making beads of different types, and Neanderthals having a focus on birds of prey. The burial practice is in general nothing that is too common among either of them during the middle palaeolithic or African Middle stone age. Before the upper palaeolithic there is not too much evidence indicating that they had a tradition of burying their dead. In cases they did bury their dead there is evidence of places with multiple burials, maybe working as grave centers. The anatomical capacities for speech existed among them both. When it comes to language it is harder to discern, since it does not fossilise, but since language is symbolic it could be argued that evidence of symbolism among them could indicate that they had language as well. In the discussion and conclusions it is argued that these common behaviours could have made it possible for a more advanced interaction and relationship between the two. Interactions interaction Homo Neanderthalensis H. Neanderthalensis Neanderthals Neanderthal Relationship grave material Gravepractise personal ornaments language speech language capabilities genome neanderthal genome neandertal genome DNA genetic Symbolism symboliskt tänkande arkeologi interaktioner människoarter neanderthalare neandertalare moderna människor anatomiskt moderna människor h. sapiens homo sapiens homo sapiens sapiens gravskick gravpraxis personliga ornament smycken språk talmöjligheter talförmåga tal relationer gener arv släktskap genom DNA NeandertalDNA Neandertalgenom arvsmassa från neandertalare arvsmassa Social Sciences Interdisciplinary Archaeology Arkeologi

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