A controversial party’s entry into parliament - a review of Expressen’s depiction of the Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) The purpose of this essay was to study how Expressen presents the Sweden Democrats, as well as reasoning about the effects this depiction could have on the citizens’ opinion. Using a quantitative method I studied 122 articles, and through a qualitative method four of these could be further analyzed to reach a deeper result. The theoretical perspective that was applied in this study was primary agenda-setting and framing theory, to illuminate the power of media. The result showed that a prominent theme was to present Sweden Democrats as racists. Other recurring themes were to include the party misfortunate-, successful, crime-related scandals and as victims. It also showed that the Sweden Democrats rarely gets to speak in the articles and that the headlines and events are angled in an unfavorable way for the party.

Šiame darbe, pasitelkus hermeutinę įžvalgą ir atidųjį skaitymą, stengiamasi atskleisti A. Miškinio poziciją aptariant jo kolaboravimą ar pasipriešinimą sovietinės okupacijos metais. Analizuojant poeto kūrybą istoriniame – kultūriniame kontekste, prieita prie išvados, kad A. Miškinio kūriniai, atspindintys istoriją ir atskleidžiantys autoriaus vidinius išgyvenimus, derinant istorinį objektyvumą ir individualias patirtis, yra verti dėmesio ir reikalauja istorinio suvokimo, vertinant autoriaus poziciją. / The basic aim of this work is to identify a position of A. Miškinis regarding his collaboration or resistance in the time of Soviet occupation. It is done with the help of hermeneutic insight and attentive reading. Analysis of poet‘s works in istorical – cultural context enables to draw a conclusion that these works of A. Miškinis which reflect history and reveal intimate emotions, tie in a historical objectivity and personal experiences are worth attention and demand historical perception in evaluation of author‘s position.

This thesis is an investigation into the frames and implicit concepts that drive the current trend of corporate-led agriculture, now known as the Third Food Regime. I consider whether this neoliberal regime is hegemonic in rural Ontario, that is, whether the dominant ideology of the corporate ruling class is reflected in and perpetuated by our farmers, despite it being against their best interests. I employ a critical approach, using mixed methods – participant observation of general farm organizations, content analysis of the farm media in Ontario and in-depth interviews with farmers in Wellington County – and find strong evidence of a free market frame in rural Ontario. This thesis outlines the dimensions and dangers of the existing frame in hopes that alternative agricultural models can again be considered. / SSHRC

The vocabulary of "boredom" has been used extensively in the discourse of remembering and reflecting on the late Soviet period (1964-1984). The ambition of this paper was therefore to demonstrate how one can move from a metaphorical description of an historic period to a cultural study of the emergence, change, and confrontation of meanings. By conceptualization of "boredom" and creating the theoretical frames of model it was sought to explane the "destiny" of ideology and the practices of people determined by it. Therefore the object of this paper were ideological situations and people's practices therein. The author analysed situations where people would directly confront ideology, ideological field of action, and with their practices hint at its meaninglessness. The theoretical model was applied to study historical material. It was concluded that the communist ideology in the late Soviet period was acting like a factor of socialization aiming to discipline and mobilize Soviet people. Based on the concept of two dimensions by Alexei Yurchak, it was said that the ideological socialization, i.e. the commitment to ideolocigal norms, attitudes, structures, helped subjects to bind to constative dimension. At the same time there were plenty of practices of performative dimension, that were divided into three types: a-structural, para-structural and anti-structural. These types of practices contributed to the decline of ideology, but also it was shown that these practices in... [to full text] / Atsispiriant nuo atminties diskursui ir istoriografijai būdingo brežnevinės epochos (1964-1984 m.) apibūdinimo "nuobodulio" žodynu, disertacijoje kuriamas teorinis modelis, kuris padeda interpretuoti ir suprasti vėlyvojo sovietmečio Lietuvos visuomenės gyvenimą. Darbe pagrindžiama, kaip nuo istorinio laikotarpio aprašymo metaforomis galima pereiti prie kultūrologinio prasmių atsiradimo, kaitos ir konfrontacijos tyrimo. Konceptuolizavus nuobodulio sampratą ir suformavus teorinius nuobodulio visuomenės modelio apmatus, buvo siekiama paaiškinti ideologijos "likimą" vėlyvuoju sovietmečiu ir jos sąlygotą žmonių elgseną. Todėl darbo objektu tapo ideologinės situacijos ir žmonių praktikos jose. Nagrinėtos tokios situacijos, kuriose žmonės tiesiogiai susidurdavo su ideologija, ideologizuotu veiklos lauku, ir savo praktikomis sugestijavo apie jos beprasmybę. Teorinis modelis buvo pritaikytas iš archyvų, interviu, publikuotų atsiminimų, laiškų ir dienoraščių surinktai istorinei medžiagai nagrinėti. Prieita prie išvados, kad ideologija brežnevinėje epochoje veikė kaip socializacijos faktorius, sovietinius piliečius mobilizuodama ir drausmindama. Remiantis antropologo Alexei Yurchako dviejų matmenų koncepcija, teigiama, kad ideologinė socializacija, t.y. įsipareigojimas ideologinėms normoms, nuostatoms, struktūroms, padėjo subjektams išlikti steigiamajame matmenyje, tačiau tuo pačiu metu skleidėsi ir jų atliekamojo matmens praktikos, kurios buvo suskirstytos į tris rūšis: a-struktūrinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

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The Islamic Revival in post-Soviet Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) offers a rich case study concerning the role of Islamism in international politics. The international relations literature on the region has not explored this phenomenon deeply, due in part to the limited account of ideational factors offered by the predominant approaches to international relations theory. Building on the constructivist argument that a causal account of ideational factors can be supplemented with a constitutive account that locates these factors in their social and historical contexts, the thesis explores ideology as a conceptual framework that may be used to link the different manifestations of political Islam in post-Soviet Central Asia, including Islamist movements (Islamic Renaissance Party, Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan, and Hizb ut-Tahrir), the repression and cooptation of the Islamic revival Central Asian states, and the perception of the Islamic Revival as a threat to regional and international security.

This thesis considers how desire might be theorised in the twenty first century against the backdrop of New Zealand society, culture and film. Methodologically, this exploration is addressed with reference to Žižek’s return to a critique of ideology, whose conceptual basis is drawn from Marx, Althusser and Lacan, and which is significant in its analysis of contemporary desire as emanating from social conditions and constellations of power. Žižek’s challenge to call for a new Master is one that this thesis responds to enthusiastically. Such a response is posited from a location which intersects Lacanian psychoanalysis and sociological theories. The method this exploration employed focus groups and individual interviews from which talk of desire is constructed and critically explored. Focus groups and individual interviews were conducted following a viewing of the New Zealand film, Heavenly Creatures, which enabled an exploration of how participants offer competing ideological locations which can reveal the hidden and not so hidden mechanisms regulating social relations and ambiguities. The participant profiles of the focus groups were designed around key themes relating to the film: fathers of teenage daughters; those working or heavily involved within the creative industries; young women aged between 18-25; and those who grew up in Christchurch during the 1950’s. Heavenly Creatures is a film interpretation of the actual murder of Christchurch resident Honora Rieper in 1954 by her teenage daughter and this daughter’s friend. In exploring both the themes of friendship and the figure of the mother, Heavenly Creatures deliberately conflates fantasy with ideology, so that it is from this intersection that possibilities of subjective desire are confronted. When addressing desire set against this particular film, participants confront deadlocks and misrecognitions, in particular the disintegration of those ideological conditions with which they are identifying. These include the limitations of modern capitalism, concerns about the ‘environment’, the pervasive engagement with cynicism, and frustrations with the inability to intimately and socially self-express. In order to understand and articulate desire various locations are posited in the guise of subjective truth. These points of fixation are structured by the conditions of dominant social and cultural ideologies, which the participant seeks to symbolise in returning to the ambiguity of the promise of the Master’s discourse as proposed by Lacan. This thesis critically explores three of the modalities through which Lacan’s construct of the Master is revealed in participants’ talk about desire: these are the precarious position of belief, the fragmented body, and love as an ideological act. It is argued that these modalities work within discourse in such a way as to offer participants ideological personification as well as a complexity of circumstances from which they can designate the objet a (the truth of one’s desire in psychoanalytic terms) insisted by the superego. In this way these three modalities are configured as enabling a speaking, or a saying, from a position of knowledge. This position in turn insists that the subject does not have to abandon the problem of desire but rather engage with knowledge attained through confronting and developing a literacy of desire. Desire read alongside the modalities of belief, the body and love posit a contemporary ontology in which the gaze commands an ethical and somewhat moral dimension from which the subject can construct a Master which not only seeks to recognise and speak about desire, but also manage it within daily life.

Despite continued polarization along political party lines, it remains unclear how differences in political ideology impact the choices consumers make. The results of seven studies indicate that political ideology profoundly influences the way consumers think and behave. Liberals and conservatives are systematically drawn to distinct choice preferences where liberals prefer hedonic, novel, and desirable options, while conservatives prefer utilitarian, status quo, and feasible options. These findings are robust for multiple measures of political ideology across multiple choice sets. Differences in behavior are explained by the amount of deliberation used for a given decision. Liberals deliberate more than conservatives as they are more open to information while conservatives have a lower tolerance for ambiguous information. Implications for consumers, marketers, and policy makers are provided.

Den här artikeln utforskar, genom en mångperspektivistisk diskursanalys, tidningsartiklar, en vetenskaplig artikel, ett myndighetsbrev, bloggar och ett reportage skrivna om en specifik grundskola i Sverige, som har blivit känd för sitt lyckade utvecklingsarbete med elevernas studieresultat. Enligt denna artikel är bilden som förmedlas genom media mycket positiv tills en artikel följd av en blogg, förändrade diskursordningen på ett hegemoniskt sätt. Den här artikeln beskriver den diskursiva förändringen i relation till den social- och historiskt utbildningspolitiska kontexten, till stor del dominerad av en nyliberal ideologi, där mätning och ranking fokuseras mer än skolutveckling i form av inkludering och lärande. / This article uses discourse analysis from a multivalent perspective to research newspaper articles, a scientific article, an institutional newsletter, blogs and a reportage written on the subject of a specific comprehensive school in Sweden which has become known for its successful development in pupils’ achievements. According to this article the picture given of the school in the media is very positive, until the time when one article in a newspaper, followed by a blog, changed the order of discourse in a hegemonic way. This article describes the discursive change in relation to the social and historical context within the education policy, one largely dominated by a neoliberal ideology, which focuses more on measuring and ranking than on school improvement in terms of inclusion and learning.

Tyrimo objektas: J. Lukšos-Daumanto memuarai „Partizanai“ ir šių memuarų pagrindu sukurti kiti tiek išmone, tiek dokumentiniais faktais besiremiantys kūriniai:Juozo Lukšos-Daumanto memuarai „Partizanai“, M.Chieno dokumentinė apybraiža „Vanagai iš anapus“, A.Šileikos romanas „Pogrindis“, J.Vaitkaus kino filmas „Vienui vieni“ Darbo tikslas: Išnagrinėti išmone ir faktine dokumentika besiremiančius kūrinius apie J. Lukšą-Daumantą ir parodyti, kokią partizano tapatybę jie atskleidžia. Tapatybės sąvoka jau savaimė yra tarpdisciplininė sąvoka, inkorporuojanti psichologinius, aksiologinius, filosofinius ir pan. matmenis. Šis magistro darbas yra tarpdiscipliniškas ne tik todėl, kad bus tyrinėjamas tapatybės konstruktas įvairaus pobūdžio kūriniuose, bet dar ir todėl, kad tapatybės bus ieškoma literatūroje ir kine. Darbo uždaviniai: 1) pateikti tapatybės sampratą, parodyti, kaip tapatybės kūrimas literatūroje ir kine priklauso nuo istorinio ir kultūrinio konteksto, nuo tam kontekstui svarbių vertybinių nuostatų; 2) išnagrinėti išmonės ir referentinius kūrinius apie J. Lukšą-Daumantą; 3) parodyti, kad tapatybės formas lemia ne tiek išmonės ar referentinė kūrinio intencija, kiek autoriaus rašomojo meto tapatybė arba įsipareigojimas vienai ar kitai ideologijai; 4) išryškinti istorinio laikmečio aspektą kaip esminį tapatybės konstrukto dėmenį. / The object of investigation of master thesis - J. Lukša-Daumantas memoirs “Partizanai” and other actual documentary and fictional works based on these memoirs: documentary of M. Chienas “Vanagai iš anapus”, A. Šileika novel “Pogrindis” and J. Vaitkus film “Vienui vieni”. The aim of this thesis is to analyse fictional and actual documentary works related to J. Lukša-Daumantas and to demonstrate what kind of partisan identity they reveal. The definition of identity in itself is interdisciplinary concept which incorporates psychological, axiological, philosophical and other dimensions. This master thesis is interdisciplinary not only because it investigates the construct of identity in various types of works, but also because identity is analysed in the fields of literature and cinema. To achieve such aim these objectives were raised: 1) to present the concept of identity, demonstrate how the development of identity in literature and cinema depends on the historical and cultural context and the moral values significant to this context; 2) to analyse fictional and referential works about J. Lukša-Daumantas; 3) to show that the forms of identity are determined not by the intention of fictional or referential work but by the author’s identity of particular writing stage or commitment to one or another ideology; 4) to highlight the historical aspect of the era as a key component of the construct of identity.