The analysis of the nuances of the Inca conquest in the southern Andes has received consistent attention from both archaeologists and historians. Recent studies carried out in different regions of Collasuyu have evaluated the relationship between expansionary policies, systems of defense, and ethnic interaction in borderland contexts. These studies have generated promising areas of debate. In this paper I present results of archaeological studies and analysis of historical sources related to the Pucará of Aconquija (Catamarca, Argentina). This site is one of the most important Inca fortresses located on the southeastern frontier of Tawantinsuyu. / El análisis de los diferentes matices que adquiriera la conquista inca en el sur de los Andes recibe permanente atención tanto de arqueólogos como de historiadores. Recientes estudios efectuados en diferentes regiones del Collasuyu evaluaron las relaciones existentes entre las políticas expansivas, los sistemas de defensa y la interacción étnica en contextos de frontera. Como consecuencia, se generaron prometedoras áreas de debate. En este trabajo presento los resultados de investigaciones arqueológicas y análisis de fuentes históricas relacionadas con el Pucará de Aconquija (Catamarca, Argentina). Este sitio es una de las más importantes fortalezas incas desplegadas en la frontera sudoriental del Tawantinsuyu.

Wari Influence in the Inca Empire and PilgrimagesCusi Yupanqui’s victory over the Chancas, which was possibly responsible for the destruction of the Wari state, might be related to his adoption of a new name, Pachacutec. The latter appears in the ruler list provided by Montesinos. On the other hand, the pan-Andean cult related to Pachacamac, which originated in the Middle Horizon, survived in Inca times and is still present in modern syncretisms. / La victoria de Cusi Yupanqui sobre los chancas, posibles destructores del Estado wari, podría entenderse como una venganza tardía, relacionada con la adopción de su nuevo nombre de Pachacutec que aparece también en la lista de gobernantes preincas de Montesinos. Por otro lado, el culto panandino de Pachacamac del Horizonte Medio subsiste en tiempos incaicos y se mantiene en sincretismos actuales.

Este trabalho buscou analisar a iconografia e morfologia da cerâmica ritual produzida na Costa Norte peruana durante o Período Intermediário Tardio e o Horizonte Tardio, com o objetivo de identificar personagens aqui denominados \"figuras de poder\". O corpus da análise incluiu coleções pertencentes a diversas instituições museológicas brasileiras e estrangeiras. Os primeiros contatos com as coleções arqueológicas e as classificações usualmente adotadas nos museus com base nos referenciais teóricos histórico culturalistas evidenciaram uma aparente ruptura na produção cerâmica no Período Tardio, com o advento da hegemonia Incaica. No século XV a cerâmica produzida nos Andes apresenta um relativo declínio de artefatos que expressam a simbologia dos cultos ancestrais vinculada às representações do poder político, quando comparada aos períodos anteriores. Tomando como referência estudos aprofundados da história política dos domínios Chimú e Inca nos Andes Centrais, bem como a correlação dos artefatos cerâmicos estudados, buscamos entender como as mudanças observadas na composição e iconografia dos conjuntos cerâmicos observados está correlacionada com a organização das estruturas de poder respaldadas na cosmovisão de seus respectivos contextos políticos de produção. A redução do número de figuras de poder representadas na cerâmica produzida sob a égide do domínio Inca na Costa Norte, bem como a permanência de certos atributos identificados como expressão das particularidades da cosmovisão dos povos daquela região, sugerem que os Incas enfrentaram a necessidade de criar ferramentas de legitimação do poder centralizado em Cusco, diante do extenso território subjugado. / This study sought to analyze the iconography and morphology of ritual pottery produced in the Peruvian North Coast during the Late Intermediate Period and the Late Horizon, with the goal of identifying characters here referred to as \"figures of power.\" The body of the analysis included collections of several Brazilian and foreign institutions. The first contacts with the archaeological collections and classifications usually adopted in the museums based on theoretical historical-cultural references showed an apparent rupture in ceramic production in the Late Period, with the advent of Inca hegemony. In the 15th century, the ceramics produced in the Andes presents a relative decline of artifacts that express the symbolism of ancient cults linked to representations of political power, when compared to prior periods. We seek to understand how the observed changes in the composition and iconography of ceramic sets observed is correlated with the organization of power structures supported on worldview of their respective political contexts of production. We based on deep studies of the political history of the Chimú and Inca domains in the Central Andes and the correlation of the studied ceramic artifacts. We noted the reduction in the number of power figures represented on pottery produced under the aegis of Inca rule on the North Coast, in addition to the permanence of certain attributes identified as an expression of the particularities of the worldview of people from that region. Those suggest that the Incas have faced the need to create tools of legitimation of the centralized power of Cusco, in the face of the extended subjugated territory.

Ce travail a consisté à analyser et de simuler à l’aide du modèle INCA-Indoor la qualité de l’air intérieur, et de développer une nouvelle méthodologie pour étudier les contributions des différents processus aux concentrations de polluants. Cette nouvelle méthodologie se base sur un nouveau programme de sensibilité INCA-Indoor-D, permet d’identifier rapidement les paramètres les plus sensibles qui peuvent influencer la qualité de l’air intérieur. Le modèle INCA-Indoor a été validé expérimentalement en utilisant les données mesurées lors de la campagne MERMAID (2014-2015). L’application du programme de sensibilité INCA-Indoor-D est pour analyser des sensibilité des concentrations de OH par rapport aux divers paramètres. Une classification de l’importance de ces paramètres en fonction de la sensibilité a ainsi été effectuée. Ce travail de thèse offre une nouvelle analyse de la pollution de l’air ainsi que de nouvelles perspectives d’études possibles dans un bâtiment basse consommation. / This study consisted in the study of indoor air quality with INCA-Indoor model, and especially the development of a fast methodology to identify the most sensitive parameters influencing indoor air quality. The methodology is based on a sensitivity program INCA-Indoor-D, which was built to identify the most important parameters affecting pollutant concentrations. With measurement data from MERMAID (2014-2015), it is intended to continue to evaluate the INCA-Indoor model, which was used to analyze the indoor air quality of a low energy building. The first application of the sensitivity program INCA-Indoor-D is performed to develop a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of indoor [OH] with respect to diverse parameters. Sensitivity has been settled with a classification of the parameters. The results in this study provide useful information about roles of different processes controlling indoor air quality and the effects of different parameters on indoor pollutant concentrations.

Aimara as the Inca Official LanguageAccording to traditional prehispanic Andean history, the official tongue of the Incas was Quechua, a language whose craddle is assumed to have been the Cuzco area. In view of current Andean historical linguistics, however, it all leads to the conclusion that Quechua couldn‘t have originated in the Cuzco region, since at the time of the beginings of the Inca empire, the language spoken there was Aimara, which in turn had spread southeasthward, coming from the Central Andes. In the present paper, documentary, onomastics, and linguistic proper evidences are advanced to prove that the official language of the Incas, at least up to the reign of Tupac Inca Yupanqui, was Aimara and not Quechua. / Según la visión tradicional de la historia prehispánica, la lengua oficial de los incas habría sido el quechua, lengua que, a su vez, se habría originado en la región cuzqueña. De acuerdo con los estudios de lingüística histórica andina, todo conduce a pensar que, en verdad, el quechua no pudo haberse originado en el Cuzco, pues en dicha región, al tiempo en que se formaba el imperio, se hablaba aimara, lengua procedente de los Andes Centrales. En este trabajo presentamos evidencias de tipo documental, onomástico y lingüístico propiamente dicho que demuestran que los incas tenían el aimara como lengua oficial hasta por lo menos el gobierno de Tupac Inca Yupanqui.

La presente investigación busca estudiar las elecciones subnacionales en el Perú a partir de la corriente del comportamiento electoral atendiendo las principales teorías respecto al tema, sumado a otros componentes propios de la dinámica subnacional peruana. De esta manera, se pretende establecer un modelo explicativo y referencial para analizar y candidaturas exitosas en estas unidades territoriales mediante el caso de la Región Inca que involucra los departamentos de Cusco, Apurímac y Madre de Dios. Esta perspectiva involucra un enfoque multidisciplinario político, sociológico, psicológico y comunicacional, sobre el cual busca distanciarse del tratamiento explicativo usual de elecciones nacionales. Es por ello que a partir de variables sociodemográficas y socioeconómicas; actitudes frente a actores e instituciones políticas; incorporación de agendas coyunturales territoriales; y programas de comunicación política efectiva logra encaminar hacia un candidato de probable victoria. / The present investigation seeks to study subnational elections in Peru from the current of electoral behavior, attending to the main theories regarding the subject, added to other essential components of the Peruvian subnational dynamics. In this way, it is intended to establish an explanatory and referential model to analyze and successful candidacies in these territorial units through the case of the Inca Region that involves the departments of Cusco, Apurímac and Madre de Dios. This perspective involves a multidisciplinary political, sociological, psychological and communicational approach, on which it seeks to distance itself from the usual explanatory treatment of national elections. That is why, based on sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables; attitudes towards political actors and institutions; incorporation of territorial conjunctural agendas; and effective political communication programs manages to direct towards a candidate of probable victory.

ITC/USA 2015 Conference Proceedings / The Fifty-First Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2015 / Bally's Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NV / The goal of this project is maximize the performance of the telemetering system for the INCA cubesat mission using what we are learning in class to develop tests to figure out the optimal selection of frame scheme, data rate, and modulation technique based on the requirements of the mission. This project will help me learn about different modulation techniques and give me real world experience testing a telemetry system. I will evaluate my results through a comparison of the error rates for the different modulation schemes and do statistical analysis to show the reliability of the data. The results will be useful to any future mission that implements the same satellite communication system including future missions at NMSU.

The tourism industry in Peru has grown faster than any other sector in the country’s economy. Peru has used Incanismo, the exaggeration of the Inca culture and identity, to appropriate culture and tourism in and around Cusco. This method has led to significant economic advancements throughout the city. Because of this, traditional Quechua-Speaking communities outside of Cusco have begun to promote a similar method in order to experience the same success. In doing so, many meanings of community values and traditions are changing. Though I began my research with a negative perspective and found the tourism industry to be exploitative, the time I spent living and volunteering in the local community of Ccorccor helped me to recognize the potential positive opportunities that tourism could offer. With a Hopeful Tourism model, I offer suggestions for the incorporation of a broader, more inclusive Andean identity, rather than the previous Inca-specific one. Hopeful Tourism is way for communities to re-cultivate their own unique characteristics and heritages, while supporting economic development. Not only will this maintain tourism throughout Peru, but it will do so in a culturally sustainable way. / text

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-18T19:36:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Lorena Gouv?a de Ara?jo.pdf: 940209 bytes, checksum: a5ba96f171bd2602a494dc7745456647 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-18T19:36:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Lorena Gouv?a de Ara?jo.pdf: 940209 bytes, checksum: a5ba96f171bd2602a494dc7745456647 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-30 / CAPES / This work aims to analyze the construction of the Inca past through the works Comments Reales de los Incas (1609) and Historia General del Peru (1617) by Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. As a mestizo and son of the New and Old World the author presents a very peculiar view of the universe. Often having their works understood as antagonistic to the travel reports produced during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the intellectual effort in this paper focuses on the perspective of demonstrate the Gracilaso belief in a unity between the Hispanic and Inca worlds. Through historical mapping produced by Jorge Ca?izares-Esguerra author, the considerations presented by many contemporary intellectuals and internet research, we try to demonstrate the reception of the work Comments Reales de los Incas literate world in Europe, since the sixteenth century to the present. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a constru??o do passado incaico atrav?s das obras Comentarios Reales de los Incas (1609) e Historia General del Peru (1617) de Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. Como mesti?o e filho do Novo e do Velho Mundo o autor apresenta uma vis?o muito peculiar do universo. Muitas vezes, tendo suas obras compreendidas como antag?nicas ?s cr?nicas de ?ndias produzidos durante os s?culos XVI e XVII, neste trabalho o esfor?o intelectual se concentra na perspectiva de demonstrar a cren?a de Garcilaso em uma uni?o entre os mundos hisp?nico e incaico. Atrav?s do mapeamento hist?rico produzido pelo autor Jorge Ca?izares-Esguerra, das considera??es apresentadas por diversos intelectuais contempor?neos e de pesquisas na internet, tentamos demonstrar a recep??o da obra Comentarios Reales de los Incas no mundo letrado europeu, desde o s?culo XVI at? a atualidade.

Reconstructing diet in Andean populations is complicated by ecological complexity and by large-scale population movements and trade networks during the period of imperial rule. It is therefore more difficult to reconstruct dietary patterns within these contexts. Previous multi-isotopic analysis of the skeletal population from the Inca site of Machu Picchu indicates marked variation in dietary composition both early and late in life. However, these data are limited in their specificity due to overlap in isotopic signals from different resource types. I compare existing isotopic data to enamel macro- and microwear data to more accurately profile diet composition in a Machu Picchu skeletal population subset. Results suggest there is little to no dietary variation between sexes and age groups. Results also reveal the role that maize played in the diet of this non-elite population, which may prove useful in more accurately estimating consumed food resources in this and other Andean populations.