Företag kan ha olika struktur och med denna organisationsstruktur kommer en del utmaningar. Matrisorganisationer är en utformning av det mer komplexare slaget och dess tydligaste kännetecken är multipla rapporteringsvägar. På senare tid har det visat sig att matrisorganisationer som arbetar med Project Management Office (PMO) har problem med hur de ska prioritera sina projekt. Detta för att beslutsvägarna är komplexa och det många gånger är svårt att veta vem det är som bestämmer.   Syftet med studien var att beskriva och analysera prioriteringsprocessen i ett PMO som existerar i en matrisorganisation. Studien har även velat påvisa vilka faktorer som påverkar denna prioriteringsprocess. För att besvara syftet har en deskriptiv undersökningsmetod använts med en deduktiv ansats. Studien har haft Företag X i Västerås som fallföretag, där utförliga intervjuer har genomförts med relevanta informanter för att samla in empiri.   I studien beskrivs begrepp som är kopplade till prioriteringsprocessen i ett PMO i en matrisorganisation, uppdelade i fyra olika teman; projekt, styrning, beslutsfattande och organisation. Studiens resultat och analys börjar med en verksamhetsbeskrivning men är sedan indelat i fem rubriker. Direkt under samtliga av dessa rubriker sker en analys utifrån den teoretiska referensramen. Därefter sker en djupare diskussion gällande prioriteringsprocessen och dess påverkande faktorer.   Denna studie påvisar att fallföretaget saknar en tydlig prioriteringsprocess. Väldefinierade IS strategier och Business drivers i kombination med rätt visualiseringsverktyg underlättar prioriteringsprocessen för en matrisorganisation. Andra faktorer som även påverkar är styrning och struktur i PMO, beslutsfattande och resurser.

The objective of this thesis is to design a complete ITIL (IT Infrastructure Library) data model by using Entity-Relationship diagram and the argumentation of this model in relation to ITIL Configuration and Asset Management federative approach. The thesis is build of two major parts, where the first one focuses on the theory of recommendations and best practices in the IT Governance processes, its relationship to ITIL and a high-level overview of ITIL history. Theoretical part ends with the brief description of tools and methods used in data modeling. It is followed by practical part in which the content is based on analyzing of ITIL publications in the same order as IT Service Management life cycle phases and designing of the logical data model. Each chapter discusses at its end the abiliity of designed model to cover the data requirements for particular ITSM lifecycle phase. In the very last chapter, all partial models are joined into one complete data model and shown relations are argumented.

IT governance is a very pressing matter for many companies not only all around the world but also in Czech Republic. Therefor this thesis will in the beginning introduce reader to the subject of IT Governance, it's historical development, structure, participants and also its benefits for the organizations but also with possible hardships of incorporating it into companies. Main benefit of this thesis is mapping of different solutions providers. These solutions include software platforms, differentiating methodics and also consulting IT services. This work chooses and introduces key market providers. Last part of the thesis hints at the possibilities of implementing chosen methodic into a sample company. Reader is introduced to the chosen methodic in greater detail and the aforementioned methodic is demonstrated through the companies services.

This thesis presents the new approach to IT investment valuation by using real options. In the introductory part the traditional methods of information investment valuation are introduced and described. It gives a detailed summary of valuation methods that could be used for valuation made in the traditional way. Next part deals with the financial options, its definition, types, parameters and methods of valuation. Some basic methods of reducing the risks (hedging) with the help of financial options are mentioned as well. After that, the real options, the difference between real and financial options, behaviour, parameters and methods of valuation are introduced. Next chapter analyses and describes the chosen frameworks for using real options in IT investment valuation. The selection was performed so as to give reader a full idea of possible ways real options could be used. Final part presents a case study where one of the chosen frameworks is applied to a real project so as to show all aspects and level of complexity of this solution.

Nowadays, the companies providing the services about the Information Technology (IT) seek to remain competitive, establishing relations closer between the customers, their production processes and the business as a whole. The integration Technology and innovation processes of the information technology, including applications, systems, computing infrastructure and data communication, came to represent a high degree element to ensure business continuity becoming a variable to be inserted into the general management system corporations. Aiming to meet this need was created an Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL). This framework sets out the methods from the best practices for the development and management of IT services, bringing together the necessary tools to manager in order to support their activities by virtue of the most efficient techniques designed scientifically. This work proposes an analysis, the case study in a public institution of research and development, demonstrating how the implementations of IT governance, along with models of best practices for service management, interact with managers the organizations processes. The research was supported by a bibliographic and documentary, qualitative and descriptive basis for identification of the administrative determination of this institution and its necessities and subsequent analysis of the applicability of ITIL with the institutions Service Operations, explaining the relevant aspects to be observed in its implementation. The survey of information was collected from various types of documents available in the institution and based on the experience of the researcher in the area. This research can be a guide in the special organizations and public sector managers with intention to accept any methodology for best practices of process organization in favor of provided benefits of implementing this study. / Atualmente as empresas provedoras de serviços de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) buscam se manter competitivas estabelecendo relações cada vez mais estreitas entre os clientes, seus processos produtivos e o negócio como um todo. As integrações tecnológicas de processos pela tecnologia da informação, incluindo aplicações, sistemas e infraestrutura computacional e de comunicação de dados, passaram a representar em alto grau elementos para garantir a continuidade do negócio passando a ser uma variável a ser inserida dentro do sistema de gestão geral das corporações. Visando suprir essa necessidade, foi criada a Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL). Esse framework estabelece os métodos a partir das melhores práticas para o desenvolvimento e gerenciamento de serviços de TI, reunindo às ferramentas necessárias a gerência de forma a sustentarem suas atividades em virtude das mais eficientes técnicas concebidas cientificamente. O presente trabalho propõe uma análise, pelo estudo de caso realizado em uma instituição pública de pesquisa e desenvolvimento, demonstrando como a implementação da governança de TI, juntamente aos modelos de melhores práticas para gestão de serviços, interagem com a gerencia de processos da organização. A pesquisa foi sustentada por um embasamento bibliográfico e documental, qualitativo e de caráter descritivo, para identificação das características administrativas desse tipo de instituição e suas necessidades e posterior análise da possibilidade de aplicação do ITIL junto as Operações de Serviço da instituição, explanando os aspectos relevantes que devem ser observados nessa implementação. O levantamento de informações foi coletado de diversos tipos de documentos disponíveis na instituição bem como com base na vivência do pesquisador na área. Essa pesquisa pode servir de orientação a organizações e gestores em especial do setor público com intenção de adoção de alguma metodologia para boas práticas de organização de processos em prol dos benefícios providos da implementação desse estudo.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2020 / A shared common understanding or context awareness (CA) of IT Audit and Governance among all the internal stakeholders of a business remains an important factor. This context awareness is needed between the business itself, the IT department, and the Audit and Risk functions of the business. The research problem states that there is a lack of shared context awareness among all stakeholders when conducting IT audits and implementing IT Governance. To answer the research questions, a case study research strategy was followed using an International Services Group of companies operating from South Africa. The case study offered a diverse group of companies and vast experience in the South African Services, Trading, and Distribution sector. The diversity of this group of companies made it a perfect candidate for understanding context and the value of context in IT when conducting IT audits. The following research questions were asked: i) What are the factors affecting a shared context understanding among the stakeholders when conducting IT audits and implementing IT Governance? ii) How can a shared context understanding among stakeholders be achieved when conducting IT audits and implementing IT Governance? The aim of the study was to explore the value of context awareness within IT Audit and Governance in order to identify the value of shared context understanding. Data collection was done by means of interviews using semi-structured questionnaires and an interview guide. Qualitative data analysis techniques were adopted for this research. The conclusion of the study highlights the importance of a collective understanding of the business’s context in order to obtain alignment in business, IT, and Audit. It refers to the same or a similar understanding of the business processes; this takes time and is unique on all levels.

In today’s dynamic and often unstable business environment, Information technology (IT) and how IT is controlled has become pervasive due to the high dependency of IT within organizations. The IT-investments are increasingly becoming more important within the overall budget for many organizations today and are distributed all over the organizations. This dependency requires the importance of aligning between IT units and how the strategy for business direction can be realized. Thus, the alignment between IT and business is the primary goal of IT. A clear and well-defined structure of what factors affect the organization to ensure control over IT is utterly important. Today, no straightforward structure of factors to ensure successful achievement of IT governance goals within organizations exists. This thesis aims to assess and analyze the importance of IT governance factors to successfully achieve IT governance goals. The survey data gathered from 40 IT governance experts are presented in this thesis. The results show that there exist differences on how factors affect, with factors concerning the boards’ responsibility being the most important and critical factors for successfully achieving IT governance goals. This thesis also identifies and discusses some of the factors that may be less important and hence seldom prioritized within organizations.

Svensk sjukvård har som ambition att ligga långt fram i den digitala utvecklingen samtidigt som man idag har problem med en stor mängd mindre system och integrationen mellan dessa. Det beror mycket på den styrning som man använt sig av. Detta arbete avser att besvara frågan kring hur svenska sjukvårdsorganisationer arbetar med styrning av digitalisering och vilka utmaningar som finns där. För att besvara detta har 6 st personer inom olika regioner med betydande roller inom förändringsarbete intervjuats. Resultatet från materialet visar på att digitaliseringsarbetet utgår från behov för att minimera risker samt att den digitala mognaden är svårdefinierad inom organisationen vilket leder till bristande kommunikation. Diskussionen utgår från individens perspektiv och organisationens perspektiv. I mötet mellan  individen och organisationen identifieras fyra stycken utmaningar inom IT-styrningen. Sammanfattningsvis så behöver svenska sjukvårdsorganisationer ta steget ifrån den klassiska organisering och IT-styrning som råder idag och öka sin omställningsförmåga för att överkomma de identifierade utmaningarna. / Swedish healthcare has the ambition to be at the forefront of digital development, while today it has problems with a large number of smaller systems and the integration between them. This depends a lot on the governance that is used within the organization. This work is intended to answer the question of how Swedish healthcare organizations work with the management of digitalisation and what challenges there are. To answer this, 6 people in different Swedish regions with significant roles in change work have been interviewed. The results from the material show that the digitization work is based on the need to minimize risks and that digital maturity is difficult to define within the organization, which leads to a lack of communication. The discussion is based on the individual's perspective and the organization's perspective. In the meeting between the individual and the organization, four challenges in IT governance are identified. In summary, Swedish healthcare organizations need to take the step away from the classic organization and IT governance that prevails today and increase their adaptability in order to overcome the identified challenges.

Information Technology (IT) has become an ever-growing element of almost every large enterprise. IT Governance has emerged as a way to ensure effective and efficient use of IT to enable organizations to achieve their goals. The purpose of this study is to investigate how successful IT Governance is characterized to aid the research effort in determining Critical Success Factors for IT Governance. This is performed by a qualitative study researching IT Governance professionals in the finance sector. The study finds that companies take inspiration from ITIL, COBIT, and SAFe to construct their own instructions and guidelines for how to operate their IT organizations. IT Governance instructions and guidelines must be anchored in the business strategy and well distributed and communicated throughout the organization. Alignment between IT and business is an important aspect shown to bolster success. IT Governance is largely about finding a balance between developing and optimizing while having a formalized structure that ensures that the overall goals of the organization are supported in a way that is compliant and risk averse.