<p>Abstract</p><p>The aim of the study was to examine the relation between estimated fluidintake and real fluidintake among dialysis patients. The data were collected through study specific questionnaire and data from the medical record. Patients attached to eleven Swedish dialysis units were asked to participate. The number of patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 222 persons of whom145 (65%) chose to participate in the study. The dialysis patients estimated their fluid intake for a day in average 9,06 deciliter. The dialysis patients real fluid intake for a day were in average 10,34 deciliter. The results showed that 58% of the dialysis patients that participated in the study had an estimated fluid intake less than what they actually consumed. The relation between estimated fluid intake and real fluid intake was r=0,288, which showed a fairly poor relation.</p>

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine the relation between estimated fluidintake and real fluidintake among dialysis patients. The data were collected through study specific questionnaire and data from the medical record. Patients attached to eleven Swedish dialysis units were asked to participate. The number of patients that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were 222 persons of whom145 (65%) chose to participate in the study. The dialysis patients estimated their fluid intake for a day in average 9,06 deciliter. The dialysis patients real fluid intake for a day were in average 10,34 deciliter. The results showed that 58% of the dialysis patients that participated in the study had an estimated fluid intake less than what they actually consumed. The relation between estimated fluid intake and real fluid intake was r=0,288, which showed a fairly poor relation.

This essay is written on behalf of the education administration office in Umeå municipality. Currently, those who work as short-term substitutes in the education administration, does not receive an introduction. The purpose of the study was therefore to present different introduction models and investigate the significance of an introduction for new employees and also to contribute with knowledge about how the introduction can be adjusted after short-term substitutes, in terms of content and structure. Furthermore, it was investigated how the background variables gender, age, highest completed education, university degree in a relevant area and the current work area (preschool/leisure, elementary school, high school) can affect the view on an introduction. The study carried out was based on a quantitative approach, with a questionnaire as a data collection method. The questionnaire has been sent to all shortterm substitutes within the education administration office, no further selection has been applied. The survey included five questions linked to the background variables and 14 statements, where the respondents were asked to decide to what extent they agree or disagree. The survey ended with an open question.The statements were about different parts that research has shown are important to include in an introduction. The results of the study showed that an introduction is important for short-term substitutes. On a majority of the statements made in connection with the introduction, the respondents agreed about the importance of the statement. What emerged from the results, however, was that the most central parts that an introduction should include in terms of content were: information about general policies, who to turn to about questions about the performance of the work and what expectations there are on the employee in relation to work tasks. / Detta examensarbete är skrivet på uppdrag av utbildningsförvaltningen Umeå kommun. I dagsläget får de som arbetar som korttidsvikarier vid utbildningsförvaltningen ingen introduktion. Syftet med studien var därför att redogöra för olika introduktionsmodeller och undersöka vilken betydelse en introduktion har för nyanställda samt bidra med kunskap om hur introduktionen kan anpassas efter korttidsvikarier, sett till innehåll och struktur. Vidare undersöktes hur bakgrundsvariablerna kön, ålder, högst avslutad utbildning, universitetsexamen i aktuellt område samt aktuellt arbetsområde (förskola/fritids, grundskola, gymnasium) kunde påverka synen på en introduktion. Studien som genomförts har grundats på en kvantitativ ansats, med enkät som datainsamlingsmetod. Enkäten har skickats ut till samtliga korttidsvikarier inom utbildningsförvaltningen, inget urval har tillämpats. Enkäten omfattade fem frågor kopplade till bakgrundsvariablerna samt 14 påståenden, där respondenterna fick ta ställning till i vilken omfattning de instämmer eller inte instämmer. Enkäten avslutades med en öppen fråga. Påståendena handlade om olika faktorer som forskning visat var viktigt att inkludera vid en introduktion. Resultatet av studien visade att en introduktion är viktig för korttidsvikarier. På en majoritet av påståendena som ställts kopplade till introduktion, instämde respondenterna till att det som angetts i påståendet var viktigt. Det som framgick i resultatet var dock att de mest centrala delarna som en introduktion borde inkludera innehållsmässigt var: information om generella policys, vem man ska vända sig till om frågor kring arbetets utförande samt vilka förväntningar som finns på den anställda i arbetet.