<p>This thesis is a project carried out at the “Centre for RF measurements Technology“at the University of Gävle. The first aim was basically the characterization of different industrial indoor environments to get a model that describes dispersive features of each environment.</p><p> </p><p>The results of previous measurements campaign on three industrial environments as steel mill, storage paper and industrial process mill are used. Also new Power Delay Profile (PDP) on corridor and laboratory has been developed.</p><p> </p><p>Measurements for three frequency bands are done (183-683 MHz, 1640-2140MHz and 2200-2700MHz) and for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) industrial and laboratory scenaries cases are presented.</p><p> </p><p>All these models have been compared with other existing models as Saleh-Valenzuela Model, Two Cluster Model and Indoor Power Delay Profile Model (IPDP Model) and fit-line, typical deviation are shown.</p><p> </p><p>Finally we present a study of the different systems used in the industry and the best suited system to the conditions is chosen.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

This thesis is a project carried out at the “Centre for RF measurements Technology“at the University of Gävle. The first aim was basically the characterization of different industrial indoor environments to get a model that describes dispersive features of each environment.   The results of previous measurements campaign on three industrial environments as steel mill, storage paper and industrial process mill are used. Also new Power Delay Profile (PDP) on corridor and laboratory has been developed.   Measurements for three frequency bands are done (183-683 MHz, 1640-2140MHz and 2200-2700MHz) and for line-of-sight (LOS) and non-line-of-sight (NLOS) industrial and laboratory scenaries cases are presented.   All these models have been compared with other existing models as Saleh-Valenzuela Model, Two Cluster Model and Indoor Power Delay Profile Model (IPDP Model) and fit-line, typical deviation are shown.   Finally we present a study of the different systems used in the industry and the best suited system to the conditions is chosen.

As the global demand for energy and natural resources continues to increase so does our interaction with Earth's near surface through resource extraction and waste injection. In monitoring these interaction, seismology plays a central role. The focus of this work is on improving the detection and localization of seismic sources, a fundamental problem in seismology. After discussing the strengths and limitations of existing methods for source detection and localization, I develop a solution based on a beamforming approach that uses cross-correlation functions in a maximum likelihood search for sources of seismic energy. I call this method InterLoc, short for `interferometric locator', and apply it to data recorded at two active underground mines to demonstrate its effectiveness in monitoring both impulsive sources and persistent sources. Next, I demonstrate how persistent seismic sources, typically seen as contaminants, can be used directly to measure small changes in the medium between a source and either source-station pairs. This method relies on the ability to locate and monitor source activity and then use this information to identify and select cross-correlation functions to isolate each source of interest. From the resulting cross-correlations, it is possible to measure small temporal changes in the waveforms. To demonstrate this method, I show how ore-crushers can be used to track the growth of a block cave by measuring changes in traveltimes due to ray paths having to circumvent the growing cave. In the final chapter I focus on the development of a processing framework for the detection and location of microseismic events recorded on dense (or large-N) surface arrays. The proposed framework involves: (1) data reduction; (2) dividing the array into smaller sub-arrays; (3) waveform processing within fixed time windows; (4) stacking of time windows selected based on each potential origin time and source location; and (6) combining the output from all sub-arrays to infer detections and locations of sources. This methodology is validated with synthetic data built to emulate a real dataset from a 10,050 node survey to evaluate the suitability of land for carbon sequestration. Based on the presence of very strong coherent contaminating sources and low rock quality, I am only able to detect sources with moment magnitude greater than -0.5. In the five hours of data processed there is no positive detections suggesting this could be a good site for carbon storage. More work is needed to improve the detection threshold and quantify risk based on event location and magnitude. In summary, my work demonstrates how the interference (via cross-correlation) and stacking of seismic waveforms can be combined in different ways to create effective solutions for problems faced by today's industries.

Orientador: Lucila Chebel Labaki / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T19:58:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Voltani_EderRicardo_M.pdf: 1781580 bytes, checksum: 4e5a97494a32fe55f6e8a82e215edab3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Os métodos Predicted Mean Vote ¿ PMV e Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied ¿ PPD foram desenvolvidos por Ole Fanger e significaram um expressivo avanço nos estudos sobre avaliação de conforto térmico. No ano de 1984 estes métodos foram adotados pela International Organization for Standardization ¿ ISO como base da norma 7730. No entanto, diversas pesquisas foram realizadas com o objetivo de encontrar a sensação térmica para pessoas expostas a diferentes combinações das variáveis ambientais e pessoais, pois existiam alguns questionamentos a respeito da aplicabilidade desta norma em campo e para diferentes regiões climáticas. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo obter informações para a análise da aplicabilidade do modelo PMV/PPD da norma ISO 7730 (2005) como meio de avaliação do conforto térmico em ambientes de trabalhos industriais, onde a atividade seja leve ou moderada. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida nas indústrias de calçado feminino da região de Jaú, SP. Quanto à metodologia, foram obtidos os dados da temperatura do ar, umidade relativa, velocidade relativa do ar e temperatura radiante média, conforme recomendações da norma ISO 7726 (1998). O isolamento térmico das vestimentas e as taxas de metabolismo foram estimados por meio de valores referenciais de tabelas das normas ISO 9920 (1995) e ISO 8996 (1990), respectivamente. Para calcular os valores de PMV e PPD foi utilizado o Software Conforto 2.03. Os votos de Sensação e Preferência Térmica foram obtidos através de um questionário aplicado junto à população pesquisada. Com o desenvolvimento de análises de Regressão Simples e Probit, foi possível encontrar a zona de conforto térmico da população pesquisada, comparar a correlação, temperatura de neutralidade e a porcentagem de pessoas insatisfeitas entre os votos obtidos dos trabalhadores com os resultados dos cálculos do PMV/ PPD. Através de simulações foi possível identificar que a interpretação das atividades desenvolvidas, o tipo de questionário aplicado e o controle das respostas da população provocam desvios de 8%, 12% e 7,6%, respectivamente, nos resultados da correlação entre os votos das sensações térmicas e os resultados do calculo de PMV. Por meio da análise Probit dos votos de sensação e preferência térmica da população com 1,4 met foi possível obter a temperatura de neutralidade de 23,35 °C, com 84,5% da população em conforto térmico e 15,5% em desconforto térmico. Conforme cálculo de PMV, para as mesmas condições, a temperatura de neutralidade é 22,4 °C / Abstract: The methods Predicted Mean Vote ¿ PMV and Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied ¿ PPD were developed by Ole Fanger and represent a meaningful advance in studies about assessment of thermal comfort. In 1984 these methods were adopted by the International Organization for Standardization -ISO as the basis for standard 7730. However, several researches were made with the purpose of finding the thermal sensation of people exposed to different combinations of environmental and personal variables because of some questionings regarding its applicability in field and in different climatic regions. Therefore, the aim of this work has been to collect information for the analysis of the applicability of the PMV/PPD methods in the standard ISO 7730 (2005), as a means to evaluate thermal comfort in industrial work environment with light sedentary or moderate activity. The research was carried out in female shoe-making industries in the region of Jaú, State of São Paulo. The adopted methodology was defined as follows: data collecting of air temperature, relative humidity, the relative air velocity, and mean radiant temperature, according to the recommendations of ISO 7726 (1998). The clothing insulation and the metabolic rates were estimated by means of the referential value tables in ISO 9920 (1995) and ISO 8996 (1990), respectively. The Comfort Software 2.03 was used to calculate the PMV and the PPD values. Questionnaires were applied among the workers with questions involving the personnel vote for the Thermal Sensation and Preferences. By running the analyses of Simple Regression and Probit, is was possible to compare the correlation between the temperature of neutrality and the percentage of dissatisfied people amongst the personnel votes to the outcomes of the PMV/PPD figures. Through simulations it was possible to identify that the interpretation of activities, the type of questionnaire applied and the control of the responses of the population caused deviations of 8%, 12% and 7.6%, respectively, in the results of the correlation between the votes for thermal sensations and the results of the calculation of PMV. The analyses Probit with the votes of sensation and thermal preference of people with activity 1.4 met the temperature of neutrality was 23.35 °C, with 84.5% of population in comfort and 15.5% in thermal discomfort. As for the calculation of PMV, in the same conditions, the temperature of neutrality is 22.4 °C / Mestrado / Arquitetura e Construção / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

This work deals with the design, realization and testing of the system for regulating the temperature of the water in an industrial environment using three-way mixing valve. This system can work autonomously, but also can be controlled by a superior control system. Created temperature regulation can be adjusted and controlled by a computer using control software.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanielECRM_DISSERT.pdf: 8738315 bytes, checksum: d256cff68e3707ec5352efefd60cc545 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-07-04 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / There is a growing need to develop new tools to help end users in tasks related to the design, monitoring, maintenance and commissioning of critical infrastructures. The complexity of the industrial environment, for example, requires that these tools have flexible features in order to provide valuable data for the designers at the design phases. Furthermore, it is known that industrial processes have stringent requirements for dependability, since failures can cause economic losses, environmental damages and danger to people. The lack of tools that enable the evaluation of faults in critical infrastructures could mitigate these problems. Accordingly, the said work presents developing a framework for analyzing of dependability for critical infrastructures. The proposal allows the modeling of critical infrastructure, mapping its components to a Fault Tree. Then the mathematical model generated is used for dependability analysis of infrastructure, relying on the equipment and its interconnections failures. Finally, typical scenarios of industrial environments are used to validate the proposal / A demanda para o desenvolvimento de novas ferramentas que facilitem o projeto, monitoramento, manuten??o e comissionamento de infraestruturas cr?ticas ? permanente. A complexidade do ambiente industrial, por exemplo, exige que estas ferramentas apresentem funcionalidades bastante flex?veis, informando dados valiosos para os projetistas ainda na fase de pr?-projeto. Adicionado a estes fatores, sabe-se que os processos industriais apresentam requisitos de dependabilidade r?gidos, uma vez que falhas podem provocar perdas econ?micas, danos ambientais e riscos de vida aos oper?rios. A utiliza??o de uma ferramenta que habilite a avalia??o de falhas nas infraestruturas cr?ticas poderia mitigar esses problemas. Nesse sentido, o referido trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma framework para an?lise da dependabilidade de infraestruturas cr?ticas. A proposta permite a modelagem das infraestruturas cr?ticas, mapeando seus componentes em uma ?rvore de Falha. Em seguida, o modelo matem?tico gerado ? utilizado para an?lise da dependabilidade da infraestrutura, baseando-se nas falhas de equipamentos e suas interliga??es. Finalmente, cen?rios t?picos de ambientes industriais s?o utilizados para a valida??o da proposta

The advent of industry 4.0 has not only brought innovation and automation with it but also new challenges. Automation in industrial settings is advancing at a rapid pace, thus making the modern industrial workplace all the more stimulating. Highly automated robots and machines work alongside humans in settings that seemed fictional some years ago. However, the shift to a smart industry has brought about certain safety concerns regarding whether the current safety systems can keep up with this ever-changing environment. Emergency stop buttons have long been the industry standard when it comes to classic safety precautions. Nevertheless, researchers examine several possibilities on how they can upgrade the already established safety systems. One such practice is to incorporate visibility as part of an emergency safety system. There has already been a proposal to use 2D visibility as an emergency safety protocol which has shown encouraging results. Thus, making a 3D approach as the logical next step. In this thesis work, a 3D visibility emergency stop system is presented, implemented,and tested. To begin with, a small review of how other researchers have tried to solve similar problems is done. Furthermore, several 3D graphics techniques used in the project are introduced and briefly analysed. Then, the implementation of the project is presented, breaking down each component. After the implementation is completed, several tests that aim to profile the program are performed and examined. In addition, the project is compared to the 2D solution that has already been proposed. The findings from the testing show that a 3D visibility approach is a viable and favourable option. The results reveal a promising outcome when it comes to object visibility as well as response swiftness.

Motivation is not something that we can take for granted. Some would say that motivation in the workplace is key for optimal performance and production. This master thesis looks into how shift-based operators in industrial work environments can sustain motivation, with the help of Self-Determination Theory, looking deeper into Autonomous motivation and how this can be a change in how operators perform, even in the long shift hours that are common in process control industries. This thesis aims to evaluate the current motivational drivers with operators. What keeps operators motivated in their work today? What type of motivation is lacking in their current workplace? And, how can they keep their motivation for a longer time? The method includes observations, surveying, and interviews. The results showed that there is a lower motivation in three subcategories of intrinsic behavior; Pressure/Tension, Perceived Choice, and Value/Usefulness. This thesis work is part of the research project Interactive Process Control, at Umeå University. By using these insights there is an opportunity to target these motivations in the future development of the IPC interactive tool.

Este trabalho aborda o desempenho térmico obtido em edifícios industriais do setor calçadista, perante a importância em obter condições ambientais favoráveis à execução das atividades através de uma arquitetura adequada ao contexto climático. Assim, o objetivo nesta pesquisa é avaliar as condições de conforto térmico oferecidas pelos edifícios das indústrias calçadistas do município de Jaú, um importante pólo industrial do setor no interior de São Paulo. Caracterizam-se as tipologias construtivas dos edifícios quanto à geometria, materiais e sistema de ventilação. As estratégias passivas para obtenção de conforto térmico nos galpões fabris são identificadas e avaliadas utilizando as recomendações presentes na NBR 15220. Para avaliar as condições de conforto térmico, foram medidas as variáveis ambientais, sendo que a temperatura foi analisada sob condições de aceitabilidade térmica, conforme estabelecido pela ASHRAE 55-2010. Para estimar a sensação térmica dos usuários, são utilizados os índices PMV e PPD. Também foi aplicado um questionário para verificar o nível de satisfação dos funcionários com o ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos edifícios apresenta uma tipologia semelhante, com geometria retangular e ventilação realizada através de esquadrias nas fachadas. A ausência de diversas estratégias passivas resulta em um edifício com baixa inércia térmica e vulnerável às condições climáticas externas, sendo que em períodos quentes a temperatura interna foi superior a 30ºC, e em períodos frios inferior a 15ºC. A sensação térmica dos usuários na maior parte do período do expediente corresponde ao desconforto térmico para o calor, principalmente no período vespertino, sendo que a porcentagem de insatisfeitos ultrapassa 80%. Deste modo, há necessidade de otimizar a adoção de estratégias passivas, para proporcionar melhores condições térmicas de trabalho. Para isto, são indicadas soluções simples, que propiciam melhorias ao desempenho térmico dos edifícios, exemplificando: o uso de sistemas que possibilitem o resfriamento evaporativo e ampliação das áreas de aberturas destinadas à ventilação do edifício. / This paper discusses the thermal performance obtained in industrial buildings in the footwear sector, given the importance of obtaining favorable environmental conditions for the execution of activities through an architecture suited to the climate context. Thus, the objective of this research is to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions provided by the buildings of the footwear industries of Jaú city, an important industrial pole. It is characterized the typologies of building\'s construction regarding its geometry, materials and ventilation system. The passive strategies for achieving thermal comfort in the factory sheds are identified and evaluated using the recommendations present in the NBR 15220. To evaluate the thermal comfort conditions it was measured the environmental variables, and the temperature was examined under conditions of thermal acceptability, as established by ASHRAE 55-2010. In order to estimate the thermal sensation of the users, the PMV and PPD indices were used. Also, a questionnaire was applied in order to check the level of employee satisfaction with the working environment. The results show that most of the buildings presents a typology similar with a rectangular geometry and ventilation obtained through frames at the facades. The absence of different passive strategies results in a building with a low thermal inertia and vulnerable to the external weather conditions, and in hot periods, the internal temperature was above 30°C, and during colder periods it was lower than 15°C. The thermal sensation of users in most of the period of the working shift matches the thermal discomfort to the heat, especially in the afternoon, and the percentage of discontentment exceeds 80%. This way, there is a need to optimize the adoption of passive strategies, to provide better thermal conditions of work. For this purpose, simple solutions that provide improvements to the thermal performance of buildings are given, examples: the use of systems which allows evaporative cooling and expansion of openings areas for the ventilation of the building.

Este trabalho aborda o desempenho térmico obtido em edifícios industriais do setor calçadista, perante a importância em obter condições ambientais favoráveis à execução das atividades através de uma arquitetura adequada ao contexto climático. Assim, o objetivo nesta pesquisa é avaliar as condições de conforto térmico oferecidas pelos edifícios das indústrias calçadistas do município de Jaú, um importante pólo industrial do setor no interior de São Paulo. Caracterizam-se as tipologias construtivas dos edifícios quanto à geometria, materiais e sistema de ventilação. As estratégias passivas para obtenção de conforto térmico nos galpões fabris são identificadas e avaliadas utilizando as recomendações presentes na NBR 15220. Para avaliar as condições de conforto térmico, foram medidas as variáveis ambientais, sendo que a temperatura foi analisada sob condições de aceitabilidade térmica, conforme estabelecido pela ASHRAE 55-2010. Para estimar a sensação térmica dos usuários, são utilizados os índices PMV e PPD. Também foi aplicado um questionário para verificar o nível de satisfação dos funcionários com o ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos edifícios apresenta uma tipologia semelhante, com geometria retangular e ventilação realizada através de esquadrias nas fachadas. A ausência de diversas estratégias passivas resulta em um edifício com baixa inércia térmica e vulnerável às condições climáticas externas, sendo que em períodos quentes a temperatura interna foi superior a 30ºC, e em períodos frios inferior a 15ºC. A sensação térmica dos usuários na maior parte do período do expediente corresponde ao desconforto térmico para o calor, principalmente no período vespertino, sendo que a porcentagem de insatisfeitos ultrapassa 80%. Deste modo, há necessidade de otimizar a adoção de estratégias passivas, para proporcionar melhores condições térmicas de trabalho. Para isto, são indicadas soluções simples, que propiciam melhorias ao desempenho térmico dos edifícios, exemplificando: o uso de sistemas que possibilitem o resfriamento evaporativo e ampliação das áreas de aberturas destinadas à ventilação do edifício. / This paper discusses the thermal performance obtained in industrial buildings in the footwear sector, given the importance of obtaining favorable environmental conditions for the execution of activities through an architecture suited to the climate context. Thus, the objective of this research is to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions provided by the buildings of the footwear industries of Jaú city, an important industrial pole. It is characterized the typologies of building\'s construction regarding its geometry, materials and ventilation system. The passive strategies for achieving thermal comfort in the factory sheds are identified and evaluated using the recommendations present in the NBR 15220. To evaluate the thermal comfort conditions it was measured the environmental variables, and the temperature was examined under conditions of thermal acceptability, as established by ASHRAE 55-2010. In order to estimate the thermal sensation of the users, the PMV and PPD indices were used. Also, a questionnaire was applied in order to check the level of employee satisfaction with the working environment. The results show that most of the buildings presents a typology similar with a rectangular geometry and ventilation obtained through frames at the facades. The absence of different passive strategies results in a building with a low thermal inertia and vulnerable to the external weather conditions, and in hot periods, the internal temperature was above 30°C, and during colder periods it was lower than 15°C. The thermal sensation of users in most of the period of the working shift matches the thermal discomfort to the heat, especially in the afternoon, and the percentage of discontentment exceeds 80%. This way, there is a need to optimize the adoption of passive strategies, to provide better thermal conditions of work. For this purpose, simple solutions that provide improvements to the thermal performance of buildings are given, examples: the use of systems which allows evaporative cooling and expansion of openings areas for the ventilation of the building.