La quatrième révolution industrielle confronte les organisations industrielles aux défis importants de l'innovation manufacturière, défis auxquelles les entreprises tentent de faire face en utilisant des approches de la planification stratégique de la production (PSP). Les niveaux de risque et d'incertitude intrinsèquement liés aux activités de PSP sont motivés par la nécessité de réagir à la pression en matière d'innovation qui augmente rapidement dans les entreprises industrielles, en particulier dans les secteurs axés sur la technologie tels que l'automobile. L'impact de l'innovation dans la fabrication sur les performances mondiales d'innovation de l'entreprise est plus élevé que jamais, donc il est nécessaire de passer à la prochaine étape de la PSP traditionnelle.Dans ce contexte, cette thèse propose une approche méthodologique structurée à la PSP qui repose principalement sur l'utilisation systématique de la créativité et de l'expérience d'un vaste réseau d'employés pour établir un modèle intégré pour un processus de PSP basé sur les feuilles de route technologiques.En partant d'une analyse systématique des exigences à un tel processus à partir de la littérature scientifique et des expériences pratiques, les concepts de la conception intégrée sont utilisés afin de proposer un modèle de processus générique pour PSP. Partant du niveau des mégatendances, ce modèle de processus guide les parties prenantes venants de diverses unités organisationnelles à un niveau très concret des fiches de projet placés dans la feuille de route d’'innovation de l'organisation. Le processus de base repose sur des phases succinctes de réflexion divergente et créative et de consolidation convergente et ciblée pour la prise de décision. Grâce à une approche d'orientation structurée, le processus aide les parties prenantes à atteindre le niveau de description du projet à partir du niveau de la mégatendance dans seulement trois cycles de réflexion divergente et convergente, assurant ainsi l'efficacité et la faisabilité pratique du processus. Des indicateurs de performance clés innovants sont proposés pour mesurer les performances des processus et permettre leur amélioration continue.La faisabilité et l'efficacité du modèle de processus proposé ont été validées avec succès auprès du fournisseur automobile de premier rang ZF Friedrichshafen AG en Allemagne, en tenant pleinement compte du contexte, des exigences et des contraintes spécifiques de cette entreprise. / The fourth industrial revolution confronts industrial organizations with fundamental challenges to manufacturing innovation which companies attempt to face by employing strategic planning approaches. The high levels of risk and uncertainty intrinsically linked to such planning activities are driven by the necessity of reacting to the rapidly increasing innovation pressure exerted on manufacturing companies, in particular in technology-driven sectors such as automotive. Since the impact of innovation in manufacturing on the company’s global innovation performance is higher than ever before, there is a need for taking traditional production planning to the next level.In this context, this thesis attempts to provide a key contribution to the creation of a structured methodological approach to strategic production planning that is based on systematically leveraging the creativity and experience of a vast, diverse network of employees to establish an actionable, living integrated process for manufacturing-driven innovation roadmapping.Departing from a systematic analysis of requirements to such a process both from literature and practice, concepts from integrated design research and practice are used to propose a generic process model for strategic production planning supported by a technology roadmapping approach. This process model has been designed in such a way that it guides stakeholders from various organizational units through the creative planning process from the rough level of megatrends to the very concrete level of actionable projects positioned in the organization’s innovation roadmap. The basic process relies on subsequent phases of divergent, creative thinking and convergent, focused consolidation for decision-making. Through a structured guidance approach, the process helps stakeholders reach the project description level from the megatrend level in only three cycles of divergent and convergent thinking, thereby assuring the process’ efficiency and practical feasibility. Innovative key performance indicators are proposed for measuring process performance and enabling its continuous improvement.The proposed process model’s feasibility, effectiveness and efficiency were successfully validated at the German automotive tier-1 supplier ZF Friedrichshafen, fully taking into account the company’s specific context, requirements and constraints.

This dissertation deals with the links between stock market returns and foreign exchange rates, industrial production and exports to Germany in three Central and East European countries (the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland). The main questions addressed are: "Do macroeconomic factors related to foreign exchange rates and industrial production affect stock market returns in the Visegrad-3? And what is the impact of exports to Germany on those stock returns?" This analysis makes use of panel-data and the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) to produce results. Firstly, foreign exchange rates are found to have a negative effect on stock returns. However the divergence in currency returns between the three countries means that the overall effect may be due to some factors that are not accounted for in this analysis. Secondly, there is a positive, but lagged, association between industrial production and stock returns. Thirdly, exports to Germany from the region are also found to have a positive impact on the stock returns of the Visegrad-3. Finally, there is divergence among the three countries with respect to the relationship between the macroeconomic factors and stock returns. Poland and Hungary are seen to exert a significant amount of influence over the region's stock markets.

Les premières cultures cellulaires végétales in vitro ont été développées à partir de carotte, grâce à Gautheret en 1939. Il a obtenu ce résultat par la découverte au préalable du pouvoir de totipotence des cellules végétales (Haberland 1902). Afin d’obtenir les cellules indifférenciées Gautheret a utilisé des milieux de culture contenant des macroéléments (K, N et P), des microélements (Mg, B,…), des vitamines, du sucre et des phytohormones. Dans la littérature, plusieurs compositions sont souvent utilisées comme White (1934), Murashige and Skoog (1962)) ou Gamborg, Miller et Ojima (1970). Les nuances entre ces milieux se basent sur des concentrations modifiées en phosphates, nitrates ou en phytohormones (auxine/cytokinine). Chaque espèce a besoin d’un milieu particulier pour induire la callogénèse. En effet, selon l’origine (géographique) et le type d’explant (feuilles, racines, tiges,…) traité les conditions d’induction de la callogénèse varieront. De nombreuses personnes portent un intérêt aux cultures cellulaires pour leur utilisation en cosmétique ou en pharmacie. Actuellement, deux entreprises produisent ces cellules à l’échelle industrielle. Ainsi, Phyton Biotech (entreprise allemande) purifie du taxol à partir d’If (Taxus baccata) et Mitsui petrochemical produit de la skinonine à partir de grémils (Lithospernum erythrorizon). / The first plant cell culture has been developed by Gautheret in 1939 based on carrot plant cell tissus. He obtained these results through the discovery of the plant totipotency power (Haberland, 1902). He used for cal production a culture medium composed by macroelements (K, N, P…) and microelements (Mg, B …), vitamin, sugar. Later on, several mediums were used like and described in literature i.e. Murashige and Skoog (1962), White (1934) or Gamborg, Miller and Ojima (1970). The differences between such medium consisted mainly concentrations especially of phosphates, nitrates or auxin/cytokinine balance. However, each species needs specific medium for growth. Any people works of this subject and the interest for pharmaceutical and cosmetical industry grow up. Plant cell culture is a difficult technology an industrial use. Recently, two companies performed industrial production of taxol (Taxus baccata) and shikonin (Lithospernum erythrorizon) respectively PhytonBitotech and Mitsui petrochemical. My thesis work was to develop plant cell cultures fom unusual plants which can be used for the industrial production of cosmetics.

[pt] Nesse artigo, utilizamos o índice de produção industrial brasileira para comparar a capacidade preditiva de regressões irrestritas e regressões sujeitas a penalidades usando muitos preditores. Focamos no least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) e suas extensões. Propomos também uma combinação entre métodos de encolhimento e um algorítmo de seleção de variáveis (PVSA). A performance desses métodos foi comparada com a de um modelo de fatores. Nosso estudo apresenta três principais resultados. Em primeiro lugar, os modelos baseados no LASSO apresentaram performance superior a do modelo usado como benchmark em projeções de curto prazo. Segundo, o PSVA teve desempenho superior ao benchmark independente do horizonte de projeção. Finalmente, as variáveis com a maior capacidade preditiva foram consistentemente selecionadas pelos métodos considerados. Como esperado, essas variáveis são intimamente relacionadas à atividade industrial brasileira. Exemplos incluem a produção de veículos e a expedição de papelão. / [en] In this article we compared the forecasting accuracy of unrestricted and penalized regressions using many predictors for the Brazilian industrial production index. We focused on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) and its extensions. We also proposed a combination between penalized regressions and a variable search algorithm (PVSA). Factor-based models were used as our benchmark specification. Our study produced three main findings. First, Lasso-based models over-performed the benchmark in short-term forecasts. Second, the PSVA over-performed the proposed benchmark, regardless of the horizon. Finally, the best predictive variables are consistently chosen by all methods considered. As expected, these variables are closely related to Brazilian industrial activity. Examples include vehicle production and cardboard production.

Dans le contexte énergétique et climatique mondial, le coût élevé des enzymes Cellulolytiques (cellulases) freine le développement des bioraffineries lignocellulosiques, pour produire des biocarburants et composés chimiques à partir d'une matière première végétale renouvelable. L'objectif de ce travail est de caractériser et de modéliser le métabolisme du micro-organisme Trichoderma reesei, afin d'optimiser le protocole industriel de production de cellulases. Cette étude a été réalisée sur des milieux modèles représentatifs de ceux attendus à l'échelle industrielle. Tout d'abord, la stoechiométrie des réactions de croissance et de production a été établie, puis une étude cinétique a été menée pour mesurer précisément le comportement du micro-organisme à forte induction de la production de cellulases. Le modèle résultant a été utilisé pour optimiser le protocole industriel de production. Ensuite, l'intégration de cette étape dans une bioraffinerie lignocellulosique a été étudiée, avec l'effet sur le métabolisme i) des mélanges de sucres disponibles, ii) des composés inhibiteurs issus de la dégradation de la lignocellulose, et iii) du changement d'échelle. Ces travaux ont fait progresser de façon substantielle les connaissances du métabolisme de T. reesei en ce qui concerne la production de cellulases, et les modèles développés sont des outils d'aide rationnelle à la définition d'un procédé de production de cellulases intégré dans une bioraffinerie lignocellulosique. / In the global energetic and climatic context, the high cost of the cellulolytic enzymes (cellulases) postpones the development of lignocellulosic biorefineries, dedicated to produce biofuels and chemical compounds from renewable vegetable feedstocks. The aim of this work was to measure and model the metabolism of the micro-organism Trichoderma reesei, in order to optimize the industrial protocol for the production of cellulase. This study was carried out using synthetic media representative of industrial ones. First, the stoichiometries of growth and protein production reactions were determined. Then, a kinetic study was conducted to precisely measure the specific rates of T. reesei at high induction of cellulase production. The resulting model was used to optimize the industrial production protocol. Finally the integration of this step in a lignocellulosic biorefinery was studied by determining the impacts on the metabolism of i) available sugar mixtures, ii) inhibitory compounds from lignocellulosic biomass degradation, and iii) scale-up. These results significantly contributed to improve the knowledge of T. reesei metabolism on cellulase production. The developed models are rational tools for the optimization of a cellulase production protocol suited to lignocellulosic biorefineries.

Esta dissertação apresenta um estudo ergonômico sobre o trabalho de operadores de processo de plataformas marítimas de produção de petróleo. As primeiras investigações sobre as atuais práticas e produtos finais de projetos de sistemas produtivos de grande porte resultaram em indícios de um ambiente de produção com aspectos operacionais não equilibrados e desintegrados. A partir destes indícios, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica que destacou as considerações e limitações de aspectos relacionados à Ergonomia em assuntos como gestão de projetos, projetos de engenharia, de sistemas produtivos e de arranjo físico. A revisão relativa à Ergonomia destacou seus conceitos básicos, a Ergonomia de Concepção e estudos relacionados ao trabalho de operadores de produção contínua, tendo o objetivo de indicar possibilidades de atuações desta ciência em projetos de plantas produtivas. Desta forma, a pesquisa de campo desenvolvida procurou destacar aspectos operacionais como dificuldades e constrangimentos enfrentados pelos operadores. Tais aspectos foram investigados com o objetivo de ressaltar os desequilíbrios presentes nesta situação de trabalho e as estratégias desenvolvidas por estes operadores para manterem o funcionamento satisfatório da unidade produtiva, atendendo aos objetivos da organização empresarial em que se inserem. / This work presents the ergonomics study based on offshore oil production platforms, in operation works for the process plant. The first investigations resulted on indications of disintegrated and unbalanced operational aspects into the production environment. From those evidences, the bibliographical revision indicated the considerations and limits of aspects related to Ergonomics in subjects as design management, engineering design, productive systems and layout design. The revision of Ergonomics included basic concepts, Ergonomics of Conception, and studies related to the operator works of continuous production process, having the aim of indicating participation possibilities of this science in production plants design. In such a way, the developed research tried to raise operational aspects as difficulties and constraints daily faced by operators. Such aspects were investigated intending to stand out the disequilibriums in this situation of work and strategies developed by these operators to keep satisfactory performance of a productive unit, taking care of company goals where they are inserted.

No description available.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-06-11T20:04:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA DUARTE ALMEIDA – TESE (PPGEP) 2017.pdf: 2335363 bytes, checksum: 0dab812c856b00737582f4fa8aeb67f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T20:04:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA DUARTE ALMEIDA – TESE (PPGEP) 2017.pdf: 2335363 bytes, checksum: 0dab812c856b00737582f4fa8aeb67f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12 / O umbu apresenta um grande potencial a ser explorado e o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias visa estabelecer condições que retardem o seu amadurecimento, mantendo a qualidade e prolongando a vida útil durante o armazenamento, possibilitando ainda minimizar as perdas pós-colheita e o surgimento de novos produtos no mercado, a exemplo dos doces de corte que podem estimular fortalecimento da agricultura familiar e o desenvolvimento de pequenas agroindústrias. Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, o desenvolvimento de uma tecnologia para produção de doce de umbu de corte com leite e sem leite preservando o sabor característico da fruta e de aceitação sensorial. Os frutos foram cozidos em água durante 5 minutos após fervura, em seguida foi feita a extração da polpa de forma manual, a massa obtida foi homogeneizada e acondicionadas em freezer horizontal à temperatura de -30ºC. Foram investigados, assim, as características, físicas, físico-quimicas, químicas, microbiológicas da polpa pré-cozida e dos doces de corte de umbu, o comportamento reológico das diferentes formulações para a elaboração dos doces a 5, 10, 15 e 25 ºC, as curvas de congelamento das formulações nas temperaturas de -20, -50 e -75ºC, além da avaliação instrumental de textura, teste TPA e da análise descritiva de ordenação dos doces de corte de umbu. Os doces que apresentaram maior porcentagem de leite/açúcar (I) 89,32% e açúcar (II) 85,21% em suas formulações resultaram em um maior rendimento e tempo de preparo dos doces. No estudo reológico para uma tensão de cisalhamento fixa a taxa de deformação diminui com o aumento da temperatura, confirmando o caráter não newtoniano e comportamento pseudoplástico, os modelos de Herschel-Bulkley e Mizrahi-Berk apresentaram ajustes semelhantes e também foram os melhores modelos para todas as formulações estudadas. As curvas de congelamento apresentaram as três fases bem definidas e um comportamento tendencioso, no qual a difusividade efetiva média aumenta à medida que diminui a quantidade de água e aumenta os sólidos presentes nas amostras. A avaliação do parâmetro de firmeza indica que o aumento da concentração de polpa de umbu aumenta o valor da adesividade, uma vez que o processo faz com que o tempo de cocção seja maior, tornando o produto mais firme e consequentemente, mais adesivo. Os valores de gomosidade e mastigabilidade apresentam o mesmo comportamento da firmeza, em que, quanto maior for a concentração da polpa de umbu nos doces elaborados, maior será a energia necessária para mastigar o produto. Percebe-se que o doce (II) sem adição de leite em sua formulação apresentou o maior valor médio (4,41) na análise de preferência, aparência (4,64), cor (5,05) e consistência (4,41), o que indica a maior preferência pelos julgadores. No entanto, mesmo os doces sem adição de leite possuindo coloração semelhante aos doces comerciais de goiaba a similaridade desses doces não influenciou nos resultados dessa pesquisa, conforme as médias de preferência foram verificadas também nos doces de umbu com adição de leite nas formulações, I (4,11), III (3,73) e V (4,12) o que resulta na boa aceitação pelos julgadores. / The umbu has great potential to be exploited and the development of new technologies aiming to establish conditions that delay ripening, maintain quality and prolong shelf life, will contribute to minimize postharvest losses and the emergence of new products on the market, such as fruit preserves that can stimulate the strengthening of family farming and the development of small agro-industries. The objective of this work was the development of a technology for the production of umbu sweet paste with milk and without milk preserving the characteristic fruit flavor and sensory acceptance. The fruits were boiled in after boiling water for 5 minutes, then the pulp was extracted manually, the mass obtained was homogenized and conditioned in a horizontal freezer at the temperature of -30 ° C. Several characterization techniques were employed namely: the physical, chemical, physicochemical, and microbiological characteristics of the precooked pulp and the umbu paste; the rheological behavior of the different formulations for the preparation of umbu pastes at 5, 10, 15 and 25 ºC; the freezing curves of those formulations at temperatures of -20, -50 and -75ºC; as well as the instrumental evaluation of texture, TPA test and the descriptive analysis of the order of the umbu paste. The sweets that presented the highest percentage of milk / sugar (I) 89.32% and sugar (II) 85.21% in their formulations resulted in a higher yield and higher preparation time of the umbu paste. In the rheological study, using a constant shear stress, the rate of deformation decreases with increasing temperature, confirming the non-Newtonian character and the pseudoplastic behavior, where the Herschel-Bulkley and Mizrahi-Berk models presented similar adjustments and were also the best models for all the formulations studied. The freezing curves presented the three well defined phases and a biased behavior, where the average effective diffusivity increases with decreasing water content and increasing solids content in samples. The evaluation of the firmness parameter indicates that the increase of the concentration of umbu pulp increases the value of the adhesiveness, due to the necessity of larger cooking times making the product firmer and consequently more adhesive. The guminess and chewiness values show the same firmness behavior, which is the higher the concentration of the umbu pulp in the umbu paste, the greater the energy required to chew the product. It was observed that the umbu paste (II) without added milk in its formulation had the highest mean value (4.41) in the analysis of preference, appearance (4.64), color (5.05) and consistency (4.41), which indicates the highest preference of the judges. However, eventhough the umbu paste without added milk had similar coloration to the commercial guava paste, the similarity of both pastes did not influence the results of the present research, as the averages of preference were also verified in the umbu paste with addition of milk in the formulations, I (4,11), III (3,73) and V (4,12) which results in a good acceptance by the judges.

Submitted by Gabriel Goulart Ferreira (gabrielggfsc@gmail.com) on 2017-08-24T21:23:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV Dissert - Final.pdf: 1134356 bytes, checksum: bae808529697b0480d6465ae8534ccf7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by GILSON ROCHA MIRANDA (gilson.miranda@fgv.br) on 2017-08-25T13:40:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV Dissert - Final.pdf: 1134356 bytes, checksum: bae808529697b0480d6465ae8534ccf7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-31T12:51:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV Dissert - Final.pdf: 1134356 bytes, checksum: bae808529697b0480d6465ae8534ccf7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-25 / This paper presents the analysis about the importance of the Consumer Confidence Indexes in the United States and the potential utilization of the Brazil’s similar index, the ICC FGV, to predict and track performance local economy. As practical result, this paper proposes a new alternative model to predict, in the short term, Monthly Industrial Production (PIM), a nationwide survey of industrial activity. / Esta dissertação apresenta análise sobre a importância dos indicadores de Confiança do Consumidor nos EUA e o potencial de utilização do indicador paralelo nacional, o ICC FGV, para previsão e acompanhamento do desempenho da economia brasileira. Como resultado prático, faz-se a proposição de novo modelo alternativo para previsão de curto prazo da PIM, Pesquisa Mensal Industrial do IBGE.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T14:01:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2018234 bytes, checksum: 43a78e55f7947551d68ec57851bddcc5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-08 / In this study, data collected on an industrial scale for some years, underwent modeling using generalized additive models (GAM) and artificial neural networks (ANN) as tools to evaluate the influence of some variables, timber and process on production and digester alkali charge. Generalized additive models were fitted using the software R (R Development Core Team, 2010), through the library "mgcv" (Wood, 2006), specific settings for generalized additive models. Significance tests were applied for each model set. In order to supplement the data were analyzed using artificial neural networks.One hundred RNA were adjusted to relate to production and the digester alkali charge, and variables such as wood density, age, precipitation, dry content of wood chips, bulk density of chips, the wood basic density, pulp viscosity and kappa. In this step we employed the software Statistica (Statsoft, Inc., 2007). The results show that the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) is a good choice to represent the phenomena of the pulp industry, where the variables are highly variable and there is strict control, unlike what happens on data from experimental designs. Should the use of RNA to estimate the output from the digester alkali charge and also proved a useful tool, since the correlations between actual and estimated data were above 88% and 60% respectively. Several variables associated with the raw material and the pulping process that were studied showed similar behavior and / or equal to what the majority of experimental studies have found. / No presente trabalho, dados observados em escala industrial, durante alguns anos, foram submetidos à modelagem empregando modelos aditivos generalizados (GAM) e redes neurais artificiais (RNA), como ferramentas para avaliar a influência de algumas variáveis, da madeira e do processo, sobre a produção do digestor e carga alcalina. Os modelos aditivos generalizados foram ajustados utilizando o software R (R DEVELOPMENT CORE TEAM, 2010), através da biblioteca “mgcv” (WOOD, 2006), específica para ajustes de modelos aditivos generalizados. Foram aplicados testes de significância para cada modelo ajustado. De forma complementar os dados foram analisados por meio de redes neurais artificiais. Foram ajustadas 100 RNA para relacionar a produção do digestor e a carga alcalina, com as variáveis: densidade da madeira, idade, precipitação, teor seco dos cavacos, densidade aparente dos cavacos, densidade básica dos cavacos, viscosidade da polpa e kappa. Nesta etapa do trabalho foi empregado o software Statistica (Statsoft, INC, 2007). Os resultados mostram que o Modelo Aditivo Generalizado (MAG) constitui uma boa opção para representar os fenômenos da indústria de celulose, em que as variáveis apresentam alta variabilidade e não há um rigoroso controle, diferentemente do que ocorre em dados provenientes de delineamentos experimentais. No caso do uso de RNA para estimar a produção do digestor e para carga alcalina também mostrou ser uma boa ferramenta, visto que as correlações entre os dados reais e estimados ficaram acima de 88% e 60%, respectivamente. Várias variáveis associadas com a matéria-prima e com o processo de polpação que foram estudadas apresentaram comportamento semelhante e/ou iguais o que a maioria dos estudos experimentais encontraram.