The English-language translations of Jorge Luis Borges’s Spanish-language works undertaken by the author and Norman Di Giovanni went above and beyond what is generally perceived as acceptable in traditional Western practices. Their work, together with Borges’s thoughts on translation itself, garnered criticism from within Western Translation Studies for its rejection of the status of the original text and the blurring of the distinction between author and translator. Yet the pair’s actions and Borges’s views on translation cease to appear scandalous under the light of Buddhist philosophy, particularly through the use of the Buddhist principles that all phenomena are impermanent and interdependent. This thesis will seek to use these ideas to legitimize the actions of Borges and Di Giovanni. To do so, it will trace the history of opposing and convergent theories from Western philosophy and describe our Buddhist concepts in detail. In order to better understand Borges, it will examine the array of philosophies that influenced the writer and how they both align themselves and differ from Buddhist ideas. This thesis will end by directly applying impermanence and interdependence to the translation practices of Borges and Di Giovanni and considering what potential effect legitimacy for such practices would have on translation overall.

Introduction: Cancer survivors continue to experience psychological distress and challenges in their daily lives long after the completion of treatment. Caregivers play a pivotal role in the lives of cancer survivors by providing support in various domains of their lives. The cancer experience between support persons and cancer survivors is intertwined. The interdependence theory will serve as a theoretical framework to guide the purposes of this study. Objective:The purpose of this research was to gain a better understanding of unmet needs of caregivers supporting long-term cancer survivors and explore how fulfilling the needs of caregivers influenced the psychological well-being of cancer survivors. Specifically, an emphasis was placed on exploring the level of dependence present in marital relationships, and how this impacted the relationship between caregiver unmet needs and the psychological outcomes of cancer survivors. Method: Data was drawn from The Cancer Support Persons’ Unmet Needs Survey (SPUNS) (Campbell et al., 2009) and The Cancer Survivors’ Unmet Needs Survey (SUNS) (Campbell et al., 2009). Regression models tested for significant interactions between caregiver unmet needs and factors influencing survivor dependence with psychological distress in cancer survivors. Results: Findings revealed main effects between caregivers’ depression, anxiety, and stress with the respective psychological outcomes in cancer survivors. Caregivers’ concerns about the future predicted elevated depression in cancer survivors. Caregivers with needs pertaining to information or emotions predicted higher anxiety in cancer survivors. Information needs, future concerns, and health care access and continuity needs of caregivers predicted higher survivor stress. Conversely, work and financial needs of caregivers predicted lower depression, anxiety and stress in cancer survivors. Significant interactions were found for caregivers’ concerns about the future by recurrence of diagnosis with decreased survivor anxiety, health care needs of support persons by recurrence of illness with increased survivor anxiety, caregivers’ personal needs by severity of illness with higher survivor anxiety, support persons’ emotional needs by severity of illness with lower survivor anxiety, caregivers’ emotional needs by severity of illness and decreased survivor stress, and finally, support persons’ health care needs by severity of illness with higher survivor stress. Conclusion: Findings did not fully support the hypotheses of this present study. Nonetheless, the significant results revealed in the findings would be useful to generate alternative hypotheses in future studies regarding interdependence, unmet needs and psychological well-being. The findings for the present study will also provide direction towards improvement in treating caregivers and cancer patients as a conglomerate, and inform programs, services and policies in cancer care.

This thesis aims to study the relations between Turkey and the Russian Federation in the post Soviet era. The thesis examines the political, military and economic aspects of the relations between these two countries in Eurasia. The thesis argues that economic factors have played a determining role in development of relations between Turkey and the Russian Federation in the post Soviet era. Contrary to the mainstream literature which suggests that the relations between Turkey and the Russian Federation are destined to be conflictual due to the geopolitical factors as well as the traditional distrust between them, the thesis shows that cooperation and trust between these two countries could develop further if both parties continue to take economic relations as the basis for improving their relations. There are six chapters in this thesis. The introductory first chapter is followed by the second chapter on the historical background of the relations between Turkey and the Russia. The third chapter examines the political relations while the fourth chapter discusses the security aspects of relations between these two countries. The fifth chapter explores the economic basis of Turkish-Russian relations in the post Soviet era. The sixth chapter is the conclusion.

This research is aimed at addressing problems in the field of asset management relating to risk analysis and decision making based on data from a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. It is apparent that determining risk likelihood in risk analysis is difficult, especially when historical information is unreliable. This relates to a problem in SCADA data analysis because of nested data. A further problem is in providing beneficial information from a SCADA system to a managerial level information system (e.g. Enterprise Resource Planning/ERP). A Hierarchical Model is developed to address the problems. The model is composed of three different Analyses: Hierarchical Analysis, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis, and Interdependence Analysis. The significant contributions from the model include: (a) a new risk analysis model, namely an Interdependence Risk Analysis Model which does not rely on the existence of historical information because it utilises Interdependence Relationships to determine the risk likelihood, (b) improvement of the SCADA data analysis problem by addressing the nested data problem through the Hierarchical Analysis, and (c) presentation of a framework to provide beneficial information from SCADA systems to ERP systems. The case study of a Water Treatment Plant is utilised for model validation.

Σκοπός της διπλωματικής αυτής εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση κάποιων από τις ήδη χρησιμοποιούμενες μεθόδους εκτίμησης καθώς και η εφαρμογή μιας εξ αυτών σε πραγματικά δεδομένα, που αφορούν χώρες της ευρωπαϊκής κοινότητας. Το μοντέλο που θα χρησιμοποιηθεί είναι το multinomial logit υπόδειγμα και θα εφαρμοστεί σε ένα πλήθος δεδομένων που αφορά ημερήσιες χρηματιστηριακές αποδόσεις σε ευρωπαϊκές, ιδιαίτερα ευάλωτες στην οικονομική κρίση, χώρες. Η δομή της εργασίας αυτής είναι απλή και εύκολα κατανοητή. Ουσιαστικά πρόκειται για μια δουλειά χωρισμένη σε δυο μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος, που απαρτίζεται από τα κεφάλαια δύο και τρία, όπου ουσιαστικά πραγματοποιείται η θεωρητική προσέγγιση του θέματος και στο δεύτερο μέρος το οποίο αποτελείται κυρίως από το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο όπου παρουσιάζεται το τεχνικό κομμάτι αλλά και η εμπειρική εφαρμογή. Πιο συγκεκριμένα στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο γίνεται μια προσπάθεια να δοθεί ο πιο πλήρης και ακριβής ορισμός του φαινομένου της ΤΔΑΧΣ παραθέτοντας διάφορους ορισμούς που έχουν ήδη δοθεί, από μελετητές προγενέστερους ημών. Επί της ουσίας πραγματοποιείται μια βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση, εστιάζοντας σε προηγούμενες αντίστοιχες μελέτες με θεματολογία αντίστοιχη της παρούσας. Εκτός από την προσπάθεια ορισμού του φαινομένου αναζητούνται και οι παράγοντες στους οποίους οφείλει την εμφάνισή της ως οικονομικό μέγεθος η ΤΔΑΧΣ. Η βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση συνεχίζεται και στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, αυτή τη φορά όμως το βάρος της μελέτης μας εστιάζεται στις μεθόδους που χρησιμοποιούνται για την ανάλυση αλλά και τη μέτρηση της ΤΔΑΧΣ, παρατίθενται αρκετές από τις υπάρχουσες μεθόδους και παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικότερα δυο εξ αυτών. Το τέταρτο κεφάλαιο αποτελεί εφαρμογή των όσων αναφέρθηκαν στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο. Η εφαρμογή, η εμπειρική δηλαδή μελέτη, πραγματοποιείται σε δεδομένα που αφορούν τέσσερις ευρωπαϊκές χώρες των οποίων οι οικονομίες χωλαίνουν το τελευταίο χρονικό διάστημα, πρόκειται για τις: Ελλάδα, Ισπανία, Πορτογαλία και Ιρλανδία. Μετά την εμπειρική ανάλυση τη σκυτάλη παίρνουν τα συμπεράσματα που εξάγονται από την εφαρμογή του παραπάνω μοντέλου και παρουσιάζονται στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο ενώ στο έκτο και τελευταίο κεφάλαιο παρατίθεται ο επίλογος, για να ολοκληρωθεί η προσπάθεια αυτή με την παρουσίαση των βιβλιογραφικών και ηλεκτρονικών πηγών που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τη σύνταξη του παρόντος κειμένου. / --

O Movimento Internacional dos Direitos Humanos desafia o conceito clássico de soberania estatal. Em contrapartida, os argumentos em defesa da soberania representam um obstáculo aos movimentos de universalização e regionalização dos direitos humanos. Esta dissertação realiza uma análise qualitativa jurisprudencial, doutrinária e documental acerca do desenvolvimento dos mecanismos de defesa da soberania dos Estados no Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos. O estudo indica que os mecanismos de defesa da soberania estatal têm sido utilizados pelo Sistema Interamericano de forma mais cautelosa da que tem sido observada no Sistema Europeu. Contudo, a imprecisão na aplicação dos requisitos de admissibilidade das petições internacionais representa um obstáculo ao movimento de regionalização dos direitos humanos no continente americano. / The International Human Rights Movement challenges the classic concept of state sovereignty. On the other hand, claims on sovereignty represent an obstacle to the universalisation and regionalisation of human rights. This dissertation undertakes a qualitative analysis on jurisprudence, literature and documents concerning the development of mechanisms to protect the sovereignty of states in the Inter-American System of Human Rights. The study indicates that the mechanisms of state sovereignty have been used by the Inter-American System in a more cautious fashion than by the European System. Nevertheless, the impreciseness in the application of admissibility requirements for international claims represents an obstacle to the regionalisation of human rights in the American continent.

A expansão do mercado global de bioenergia é tida como uma alternativa promissora para alguns países, especialmente os potenciais produtores e fornecedores de matéria-prima, como é o caso do Brasil. A inserção do etanol na matriz energética de diferentes países produtores e consumidores será um fenômeno complexo com diferentes tipos de relações de interdependência. Este trabalho visa analisar as relações internacionais de interdependência entre Brasil e outros países produtores e consumidores - reais ou potenciais - do biocombustível etanol e as suas implicações sobre a cadeia produtiva de etanol no Brasil. Para estudar esse processo de interdependência nas relações internacionais, este trabalho explora a Teoria da Interdependência Complexa proposta por Robert Keohane e Joseph Samuel Nye Junior (2001) e a Teoria dos Jogos de John Von Neumann e Oskar Morgenstern (1944). Foi realizada uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa, por meio da análise documental com a utilização do software QDA Miner® e da aplicação de dois questionários. Para a análise documental, foram usados 101 documentos classificados como atos internacionais do setor de biocombustíveis e etanol entre os anos de 2002 e 2011, presentes nas bases de dados do governo brasileiro. O primeiro questionário, respondido por 46 mestres e doutores que trabalham ou realizam pesquisas nas áreas de etanol, agronegócios e/ou relações internacionais, buscou identificar as palavras-chave que se relacionam com as dimensões políticas, econômicas, socioambientais e técnicas no setor de etanol. O segundo questionário, respondido por 21 representantes das partes interessadas da cadeia produtiva do etanol brasileiro, visou analisar, através da lógica da teoria dos jogos, o comportamento estratégico dos atores, em uma condição de interação estratégica. A análise dos resultados demonstra que os principais atores das relações de interdependência com o Brasil no setor de etanol são Estados Unidos com um grau de interdependência alto, a Europa com um grau de interdependência médio e a China com um grau de interdependência muito baixo. As dimensões com maior desempenho nas relações de interdependência, tanto do ponto de vista dos atos internacionais como das partes interessadas, foram a dimensão política, a dimensão econômica, seguida pela dimensão técnica e socioambiental. Assim, considera-se que o comportamento estratégico observado nas relações de interdependência demonstrou que nas relações entre Brasil e Estados Unidos, o Brasil tende a ganhar pouco enquanto que os Estados Unidos tende a ganhar muito. Nas relações entre Brasil e Europa, o Brasil tende a perder muito enquanto que a Europa tende a ganhar muito, e nas relações entre Brasil e China, o Brasil tende a ganhar pouco enquanto que a China não perde nem ganha. Portanto, indiferente da interdependência existente nas relações entre os atores, sejam produtores e consumidores reais ou potenciais, todos devem buscar forças para o fortalecimento do setor, uma vez que todo o sistema global estará se beneficiando, tanto no âmbito político, econômico, socioambiental ou técnico. Esforços tecnológicos para ganhos de eficiência voltados para o crescimento sustentável da produção, criação de políticas setoriais, que ofereçam segurança e infraestrutura para a sua produção, redução de tarifas que incidem sobre o produto em todo o mundo, transformação do etanol em uma commodity global com grande número de países comprando e vendendo esse produto são algumas das ações que poderão fazer com que o etanol assuma uma posição cada vez mais estratégica na diversificação da matriz energética mundial. / The expansion of the global bioenergy market is regarded as a promising alternative for some countries, especially the potential producers and suppliers of raw materials, as in the case of Brazil. The insertion of ethanol in the energy matrix from different countries producers and consumers will be a complex phenomenon with different types of interdependent relations. This paper aims to analyze the international relations of interdependence among Brazil and other countries producers and consumers – real or potential – of the ethanol biofuel and their implications on the productive chain of this fuel in Brazil. To study this process of interdependence in international relations, this work explores the Theory of Complex Interdependence proposed by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye Samuel Junior (2001) and the Game Theory of John Von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern (1944). It was performed a quali-quantitative, research through a documentary analysis with the use of QDA Miner ® software and the application of two questionnaires. For the document analysis, 101 classified documents were used, as international acts of biofuels and ethanol among 2002 and 2011, present in the databases of the Brazilian government. The first questionnaire, answered by 46 teachers and doctors who work or conduct research in ethanol, agribusiness and/or international relations areas, intended to identify the keywords related to the political, economic, social and environmental dimensions and techniques in the ethanol sector. The second questionnaire, answered by 21 representatives of stakeholders in the productive chain of Brazilian ethanol, aimed to analyze, through the logic of the Game Theory, the strategic behavior of actors in a condition of strategic interaction. The analysis of the results shows that the main actors of the interdependent relations with Brazil in the ethanol sector are The United States, with a high degree of interdependence, Europe with an average degree of interdependence and China with a low degree of interdependence. The dimensions with higher performance in relations of interdependence, both from the point of view of international acts as stakeholders, were the political and economic dimensions, followed by technical and socio-environmental dimensions. Thus, it is considered that the strategic behavior observed in relations of interdependence demonstrated that in relations between Brazil and United States, Brazil tends to earn a little, while the United States tends to earn a lot. Relations between Brazil and Europe show that Brazil tends to lose a lot, while Europe tends to earn a lot, and in relations between Brazil and China, Brazil tends to earn a little, while China neither lose nor earn. Therefore, regardless of existing interdependence in relations among the actors, whether real or potential producers and consumers, all the countries should work together to strengthen the industry, since the entire global system will be benefiting, both in the political, economic, social or technical sectors. Technological efforts for efficiency gains related to the sustainable growth of production, creation of sectoral policies, which offer security and infrastructure for its production, reduction of tariffs on the product in all over the world, transformation of ethanol into a global commodity with a large number of countries buying and selling this product are some of the actions that could make ethanol takes an increasingly strategic position on the diversification in the energy matrix.

This study explored five preschool teachers' perceptions about Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Early Childhood Education (ECE). Participating teachers provided a wide range of responses about ESD and its related subthemes. The findings of this study show that the participating teachers indicated a willingness to reflect on the principles of sustainable development, a commitment to developmentally appropriate practice, a value for participatory and problem-based curriculum, and appreciation for the benefits of community engagement. Teachers also expressed values of fairness and equality, and being open, honest, and matter-of-fact with children. Teachers were new to the ideas of interdependence, social justice, human rights, and economics education in ECE. The teachers expressed concerns about the inclusion of issues that they considered too complex for children, too personal, or potentially offensive. These findings can inform ideas for beginning professional development and further study for ESD in ECE.

This study presents the moratorium debate as a phenomenon of its own time. The challenges the moratorium debate poses to the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Southern African/Central Diocese come under the spotlight. The AICs have taken the lead in attempting to live up to the “four selves” principle, that is, self-governing, self-supporting, self-propagating and self-theologizing, and areas which ELCSA/CD can learn from the AICs are highlighted. Finally the study explores issues of mutuality and interdependence, and few guidelines are proposed for ELCSA/CD. / Christian Spirituality / M. Th. (Missiology)

Esta Pesquisa investiga como os meios de comunicação, entendidos como todas as tecnologias de media, são centrais na construção de um capital cultural simbólico para os atores políticos. A visibilidade que constrói a credibilidade e alavanca carreira é a mesma que as destrói através dos escândalos de poder. Numa era de cultura e visibilidade midiáticas, o ambiente de informação é menos controlável em face da proliferação das formas mediadas e das redes de comunicação, tornando-se difícil aos atores políticos encobrirem suas atividades, bem como prever as consequências da exposição midiática. A importância da credibilidade político-pessoal é uma das variantes do capital simbólico ancorado na confiança pública dos eleitores e no meio político. O objetivo principal desta pesquisa é demonstrar a relação entretida pelos meios de comunicação e pelos atores políticos na construção do fato político midiatizado, entendido este como o fato noticiado. Busca também identificar e analisar os fatos narrados nas entrevistas com Políticos das Esferas Federal, Estadual e Municipal, em exercício ou na expectativa de nova eleição. O intuito é fomentar a crítica sobre o fenômeno comunicacional enquanto poder dissociado dos demais poderes constituídos legitimamente. Para interpretação dos dados foi empregado o referencial metodológico da Hermenêutica de Profundidade, considerando o contexto sócio-histórico dos partidos políticos e da comunição, análise discursiva dos dados e a reinterpretação dos achados. Os resultados demonstram uma interdependência aparente, uma vez que as estratégias utilizadas convergem aos acordos de bastidores, excluindo o povo e o espaço público da possibilidade de participar. Encontraram-se relações assimétricas de poder para manutenção da dominação, o que caracteriza o uso estratégico da ideologia, tais como a legitimação, a reificação, a dissimulação. Afirma-se a necessidade de estudos ampliados das relações constitutivas do fato político midiatizado como forma de acesso, conhecimento e participação da esfera pública enquanto poder originário da política. / This research investigates how the media, understood here as all its technologies, is central in the construction of a symbolic cultural capital for the politicians. The visibility that builds credibility and promotes political carreers is the same that destroys them with power scandals. In an era of culture and media visibility, the information enviroment is less controllable due to the proliferation of different forms of media and its communication networks, making it difficult for the politicians to both hide their activities and predict the consequences of media exposure. The significance of the personal and political credibility is one of the variables of the symbolic capital, which is based on both voters and other politicians’s trust. The main aim of this research is to demonstrate the relationship developed between media and politicians during the construction of the mediatized political fact, defined herein as the reported fact. It also aims at identifying and analyzing the facts narrated in interviews with politicians from the federal, state and municipal spheres, both in current assignment and expecting the next elections. The intention is to foster critical analysis on the communication phenomenon as a power that is decoupled from the other legitimately constituted branches of power. For the data interpretation, the methodological framework of Depth Hermeneutics was used, taking into consideration the historical and social context of the politicians and the media, discursive analysis and reinterpretation of the data. The results demonstrate an aparent interdependence, since the applied strategies converge to the backroom deals, excluding the people and the public sphere from any possibility of participation. The research detected assimetric power relationships to maintain dominance, which caracterizes a strategic use of ideologies, such as legitimation, reification and dissimulation. The results prove the necessity of broad studies on the relationships that compose the mediatized political fact as a way to create access, knowledge and participation of the public sphere while political originated power.