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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
31

Favoriser la communication entre les professionnels de la santé, le patient et ses proches dans le processus de choix de soins en contexte de maladie grave : planification d'une intervention dans le cadre d'une recherche-action / Improving communication between health care professionals, the patient and the patient’s kin in the process of choosing care for severe illnesses: planning an intervention with an action research strategy

Sohi, Julia January 2011 (has links)
Résumé : Contexte : La participation des patients et de leurs proches au processus de choix de soins ainsi que l’implication des différents professionnels de la santé dans ce processus sont des priorités pour améliorer la qualité des soins. Objectifs : L ’objectif de cette recherche était de décrire comment le processus de communication entourant le choix de soins entre les professionnels, le patient et ses proches pouvait être amélioré dans le contexte de maladies graves. Suivant une perspective de recherche-action, ce projet visait également à élaborer une intervention pour favoriser ce processus. M éthode : Deux séries de quatre entretiens avec des professionnels de la santé du Centre de santé et de services sociaux de Rouyn-Noranda (CSSSRN) ont été menées entre 2009 et 2010. Les groupes représentaient des équipes (a) des soins intensifs et de l’urgence, (b) des étages de médecine et de chirurgie, (c) des soins de longue durée et de la réadaptation, (d) des soins à domicile et de cliniques externes. La première série d’entretiens a fait l’objet d’une analyse thématique alors que la deuxième série a fait l’objet d ’un questionnement analytique. Résultats : Vingt-sept et 29 participants représentant 9 professions de la santé ont respectivement participé aux entretiens de la première et de la deuxième série. La première série d’entretiens a révélé que tous les professionnels de la santé jouent un rôle dans le processus de communication entourant le choix de soins. Des stratégies utilisées par les professionnels pour favoriser la participation du patient et de ses proches à ce processus sont aussi ressorties de même que des moyens de communication utilisés entre les professionnels. Un outil de communication multidisciplinaire a été conçu à la lumière des résultats et la feuille de Niveaux d ’intervention thérapeutique (NIT) du CSSSRN a été modifiée. La deuxième série d ’entretiens a mis en relief qu’un outil de communication multidisciplinaire permettrait une meilleure reconnaissance des rôles joués par les professionnels non médecins et qu’un outil avec des choix d’objectifs de soins plutôt que des niveaux d ’interventions favoriserait la participation des professionnels non médecins, du patient et de ses proches au processus de choix de soins. Enfin, la pertinence d’un outil de référence avec des stratégies de communication pour discuter des choix de soins a été soulignée. Conclusion : Ce projet de recherche-action a permis de mieux connaître les rôles que jouent les professionnels non médecins dans la communication entourant le choix de soins et de faire ressortir des pistes de solution pour améliorer l’impact de leur participation et en accroître la légitimité. Finalement, trois outils pour améliorer la communication entourant le choix de soins ont été élaborés dans le cadre de cette recherche-action. // Abstract : Background : The involvement of patients, patients' kin and health care professionals in the communication surrounding the medical decision making process must be improved to insure health care quality. Objectives : The objective of this research was to describe how the communication between a patient, his kin and his health professionals could be improved in regards to the medical decision making process for severe illnesses. Following an action research perspective, this project also aimed to develop an intervention to facilitate this process. Method : Two rounds of four group interviews were conducted with professionals from a regional health center in northern Quebec (Centre de sante et de services sociaux de Rouyn-Noranda: CSSSRN) between 2009 and 2010. The groups represented teams from (a) the intensive care unit and the emergency room, (b) medical and surgical wards, (c) long term care and rehabilitation, (d) home care and specialized outpatient clinics. The transcripts from the first round of interviews were submitted to a thematic analysis while the ones from the second round were submitted to an analytical questioning. Results : Twenty-seven and 29 participants representing 9 health care professions participated to the interviews of the first and second rounds respectively. The first round of interviews revealed that all the health care professionals are involved in the communication associated with the medical decision making process. Strategies used by professionals to improve the participation of patients and patients' kin in the process of choosing care were identified, as well as relevant means of communication used by the professionals amongst themselves. The results inspired the development of a multidisciplinary communication tool and the revision of the decision-making tool used in the health center where the research was conducted. The second round of interviews demonstrated that a multidisciplinary communication tool could allow a better acknowledgement of the roles played by non-doctor professionals, and that a decision-making tool with goals of care rather than levels of care could improve the participation of patients, patients' kin and health care professionals in the choice of care. Finally, a reference tool guiding the communication surrounding the medical decision making process was suggested. Conclusion : This action research project allowed a better understanding of the roles played by non-doctor professionals in the communication surrounding the medical decision making process, and suggested solutions to improve the impact and the legitimacy of their involvement. Finally, three tools to improve the communication around choices of care were developed.
32

Terapia ocupacional em a??o interdisciplinar: jogos educativo-nutricionais na preven??o da obesidade infantil

Munguba, Marilene Calderaro da Silva 18 July 2008 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarileneCSM.pdf: 5064826 bytes, checksum: 2f2408256002d333bbea5a42442aa30d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-18 / The inter-subjectivity is the answer in the search for the solution of complex problems, which concerns interfaces of knowledge, respecting their borders. This paradigm is essential in the author's work. So, the search on screen is based on this perspective, by using inter-subject groups of work conduced by professionals of Computer Science, Social Communication, Architecture and Urbanism, Pedagogy, Psicopegagogy, Nutritional Science, Endocrinology, Occupational Therapy and Nursing, it was also part of this group an 8 year old child, daughter of one of the professional who took part of the group. This thesis aims to present the course of investigation developed, analyzing the action of inter-subject Occupational Therapy and Nutrition on the promotion of learning nutritional concepts through educative-nutritional games in order to prevent child's obesity in an educative context. The research was analytic, interventionist and almost experimental. It took place in a public school in Fortaleza, Cear?, Brazil, between August and December 2004. It was selected a sample non-probabilistic, by convenience, of 200 children, born from 1994 to 1996. It was selected almost nonprobabilistically, by convenience, 200 children born between 1994 and 1996. To analyze the results it was used a triangulation, associated by quantitative and qualitative approaches. The basis collect happened through games specially manufactured to these research- video-games, board games, memory games, puzzles, scramble, searching words and iterative basics. There were semi-structured interviews, direct and structured observations and focus in-groups. It was noticed the efficiency of educativenutritional games in the learning process, which lead to a changing of attitude towards the eating choices. These games gave similar results in relation to the compared variations preferences, experience and attitudes, theses attitudes were observed through the game; and the categories to compare the possibility of learning by playing, the fantasy in the learning process, learning concepts of nutritional education and the need of help in the learning process (mediation). It was proved that educativenutritional games could be used to teach nutritional concepts, in an inter-subjective action of Occupational Therapy and Nutrition in schools. The simultaneous application of these games lead to the optimization of child s learning process. It should be emphasized the need of studies about the adaptation of tools used in a child s Nutritional Education, with the help of inter-subjective action. Because just one subject, in a fractionated way can give an answer to complex problems and help to a change of the reality with effectiveness and resolution / A interdisciplinaridade constitui resposta na busca de solu??o de problemas complexos, e contempla as interfaces dos saberes, respeitando suas fronteiras. Esse paradigma ? fundamental na trajet?ria da autora. Assim, a investiga??o em tela caracteriza-se por a??o nessa perspectiva, mediante a estrutura??o de um grupo de trabalho interdisciplinar, constitu?do por profissionais de Ci?ncias da Computa??o, Comunica??o Social, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Pedagogia, Psicopedagogia, Ci?ncias da Nutri??o, Endocrinologia, Terapia Ocupacional e Enfermagem, tamb?m fazendo parte do grupo uma crian?a de oito anos, filha de uma das profissionais componentes do grupo de trabalho. A presente tese visa apresentar o percurso da investiga??o desenvolvida, com o objetivo de analisar a a??o interdisciplinar da Terapia Ocupacional e da Nutri??o na promo??o de aprendizagem de conceitos nutricionais pela media??o de jogos educativo-nutricionais na preven??o da obesidade infantil, no contexto educacional. Realizou-se, para tanto, um estudo anal?tico, intervencionista e quase-experimento, em escola p?blica de Fortaleza, Cear?, Brasil, no per?odo de agosto a dezembro de 2004. Foi selecionada amostra n?o probabil?stica, por conveni?ncia, de 200 crian?as, nascidas de 1994 a 1996. Para a an?lise dos resultados, utilizou-se a triangula??o, associando as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu mediante a aplica??o de jogos elaborados para esta investiga??o: Videogame, Jogo de Tabuleiro, Jogo de Mem?ria, Quebra-Cabe?a, Ca?a-Palavras e Cartilha Interativa. Foram empregados entrevista semi-estruturada, observa??o direta e estruturada e grupo focal. Constatou-se a efici?ncia dos jogos educativo-nutricionais na media??o da aprendizagem, que leva ? mudan?a de atitude quanto ?s escolhas alimentares. Esses jogos obtiveram resultados semelhantes relativos ?s vari?veis de compara??o - prefer?ncia, experi?ncia e atitudes, atitudes observadas na execu??o do jogo; e ?s categorias de compara??o - possibilidade de aprender brincando, fantasia no processo de aprendizagem, aprendizagem de conceitos em educa??o nutricional e necessidade de ajuda na aprendizagem (media??o). Comprovou-se que jogos educativo-nutricionais podem ser utilizados na aprendizagem mediada de conceitos nutricionais, em a??o interdisciplinar da Terapia Ocupacional e Nutri??o, em escola. A aplica??o simult?nea desses jogos levou ? otimiza??o da aprendizagem da crian?a. Ressalta-se a necessidade de estudos sobre a adequa??o dos instrumentos utilizados na Educa??o Nutricional da crian?a, mediante a atua??o interdisciplinar, j? que somente uma disciplina, de maneira fragmentada, consegue responder a problemas complexos e contribuir para a mudan?a da realidade com efetividade e resolubilidade
33

Obesidade na adolescência: a interdisciplinaridade como estratégia de promoção da saúde

Barreto Filho, Edison Marcos January 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-03-13T19:05:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Edison Marcos Barreto Filho.pdf: 2036967 bytes, checksum: ac89858b68359e7eb53423500ca624df (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-13T19:05:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Edison Marcos Barreto Filho.pdf: 2036967 bytes, checksum: ac89858b68359e7eb53423500ca624df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Mestrado Profissional em Ensino na Saúde / A interdisciplinaridade é o diálogo entre diferentes disciplinas (duas ou mais). É de fundamental importância em algumas áreas de estudo, tais como a educação, e ocorre por meio de integração, diálogos e contrapontos entre disciplinas. Compreende proximidade, convergência, contato e interação, e em certos casos é uma exigência para realização de pesquisa e para construção do conhecimento. Objetivo Geral: desenvolver um programa interdisciplinar participativo que venha a contribuir para a conscientização dos estudantes do 1º ano do ensino médio quanto à redução do sobrepeso. Objetivos Específicos: descrever as dúvidas dos docentes sobre obesidade; analisar de que forma o trabalho interdisciplinar pode auxiliar os docentes na promoção e prevenção da obesidade entre os estudantes; discutir como a educação permanente pode auxiliar os docentes e demais profissionais do Instituto Federal Fluminense- IFF, Centro, na abordagem dos alunos sobre a prevenção da obesidade; e, elaborar um projeto de capacitação interdisciplinar, para contribuir na construção do programa. Metodologia: estudo de natureza qualitativa, do tipo descritivo e exploratório. Os participantes foram 11 (onze) professores atuantes há, pelo menos, 10 anos nesta Instituição, que desenvolvem atividades regulares na disciplina Educação Física, do Ensino Médio Integrado. Utilizou-se para a coleta de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados com base na análise temática de conteúdo, por meio de categorias temáticas, e analisadas à luz do referencial teórico de Ivani Fazenda. Foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense sob o Nº 1.269.415. Resultados: obtiveram-se quatro categorias: a interdisciplinaridade segundo os docentes; obesidade e promoção da saúde na escola: um olhar crítico reflexivo; estratégias de EPS, tendo em vista a prevenção da obesidade; a interdisciplinaridade como fator de promoção e prevenção da obesidade. Conclusão: ficou evidenciado que não basta apenas educar o discente, mas, sim, fazer com que sua família faça parte deste processo. Por mais que a escola tenha o papel de educar sobre os hábitos alimentares, é em casa que se começa esse trabalho. Para tanto, urge a necessidade de se desenvolver educação coletiva. Neste sentido foi apresentada uma proposta de construção de um programa interdisciplinar participativo, com o objetivo de prevenir a obesidade e promover a saúde no IFF, contando com a presença dos pais, discentes, docentes e servidores / It is of fundamental importance in some areas of study such as education and it takes place by means of integration, dialogue and counterpoints among the subjects. It comprehends proximity, convergence, contact and interaction, and in certain cases, a third millennium requirement for research realization and knowledge construction. General objective: to develop a participatory interdisciplinary program which might contribute to the adolescents’ awareness from the first year of high school in relation to overweight reduction; Specific objectives: to describe the students’ doubts in relation to obesity; to analyze in which way the interdisciplinary work could help the teachers in the promotion and prevention of obesity; to discuss how permanent education might help the educators and IFF-Center staff members in the pupils’ approach to obesity prevention; to elaborate an interdisciplinary capacity project in order to contribute to the program construction. Methodology: the study is of qualitative nature, descriptive and exploratory type. The participants were 11 (eleven) teachers that have been working for at least ten years in this institution. They have been performing regular activities in Physical Education in the integrated high school. The semi structured interview was used in collecting data. These pieces of information were studied on the grounds of analysis of thematic contents through thematic categories and analyzed in the light of Ivani Fazenda’s theoric referencial. It was approved by the Ethic Committee of Research in the Fluminese Federal University Medical School under the number of 1.269.415. Results: four categories were obtained: the interdisciplinarity according to the educators and staff members; obesity and health promotion in school; a reflexive and critical look; EPS (permanent education in health) strategies aiming at obesity prevention. Conclusion: it has been shown that only to educate the adolescent is not sufficient but it is necessary to include his/her family in the process. Although the school role is to teach and guide about eating habits it is at home where the work begins. Consequently, the need of a construction and collective education system is urgent. Having this is mind a construction proposal of a participative interdisciplinary program has been presented. Its objective is to prevent obesity and to promote health in school relying on the presence of parents, students, teachers and staff members
34

Týmová spolupráce na psychosomatických klinikách v Bavorsku: inspirace pro rozvoj managementu v psychosomatické medicíně v ČR / Teamwork at psychosomatic clinics in Bavaria: an inspiration to develop management in psychosomatic medicine in the Czech Republic

Kratochvílová, Iva January 2015 (has links)
This thesis is focused on the organization of interdisciplinary teamwork in the field of psychosomatic medicine at specialized clinics in Bavaria. The main objective is to describe the system of organization and management of local teams and principles that constitute the teamwork in the psychosomatic field. The paper consists of two parts, theoretical and empirical. The theoretical part deals with team and teamwork defintion, as well as its characteristics in health care and in multidisciplinary (interdisciplinary) teams with regard to the specifics of their management. Multidisciplinary teams and interprofessional cooperation is discussed in relation to the field of psychosomatic medicine. A summary of the current basis of psychosomatic medicine in the context of medical education, legislation and the health care system in the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czech Republic follows. The system of the field of psychosomatic medicine in Germany is one of the main reasons why the empirical part is focused on the German environment of psychosomatic practice. The results of this thesis bring a model of the teamwork at psychosomatic clinics in Bavaria, which the Czech environment can be inspired by in its concept and can build on the major discovered principles of teamwork. These are common visions...
35

A interdisciplinaridade na prática profissional na estratégia da saúde da família

Farias, Danyelle Nóbrega de 23 February 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-03-10T12:45:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1129934 bytes, checksum: a8d893fdd082e81d120f9afbe0400889 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-10T12:45:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1129934 bytes, checksum: a8d893fdd082e81d120f9afbe0400889 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / The complexity of the health problems that are presented to family health teams requires more strongly the need for interdisciplinary actions, aiming at integral care. However, the formation of professionals that make up these teams, the overload work with which they live and the own organization of the work process does not always favor the achievement of these practices. This is the problem in which this study focuses. The objective of this study is to analyze the limits, and possibilities of interdisciplinary actions in professional practice of nurses, doctors and dentists in family health units. This is a cross-sectional study, exploratory, descriptive and inferential, developed from the qualitative and quantitative approaches. The sample consisted of Nurses, Physicians and Surgeon dentists of Family Health Teams in João Pessoa city. The questionnaire was constructed, validated and applied to all professionals by lot of the Family Health Teams. The qualitative part was made from participant observation during two months. The results of the questionnaires were submitted to Cluster Analysis. While the observation, thematic analysis was performed and the data were compared with quantitative results. The three professions had limitations on the interdisciplinary practice. The findings of this study show that the exercise of interdisciplinary professional practice depends on the objective order factors related to the labor process, and subjective factors inherent to the worker himself. / A complexidade dos problemas de saúde que se apresentam às equipes de saúde da família impõe mais fortemente a necessidade de ações interdisciplinares, visando ao cuidado integral. No entanto, a formação dos profissionais que compõem essas equipes, a sobrecarga de trabalho com a qual convivem e a própria organização do processo de trabalho nem sempre favorecem a realização dessas práticas. Esse é o problema sobre o qual o presente estudo se debruça. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar os limites e possibilidades de realização das ações interdisciplinares na prática profissional de enfermeiros, médicos e cirurgiões dentistas nas unidades de saúde da família. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, exploratório, descritivo e inferencial, desenvolvido a partir das abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por Enfermeiros, Médicos e Cirurgiões dentistas das Equipes de Saúde da Família do município de João Pessoa. O questionário foi construído, validado e aplicado mediante sorteio das Equipes de Saúde da Família. A parte qualitativa foi realizada a partir de Observação Participante, com duração de dois meses. Os resultados dos questionários foram submetidos à Análise de Agrupamento. Enquanto que para observação, foi realizada análise temática e os dados foram confrontados com os resultados quantitativos. As três profissões apresentaram limitações quanto à prática interdisciplinar. Os achados deste estudo evidenciam que o exercício da interdisciplinaridade na prática profissional depende de fatores de ordem objetiva, relacionados ao processo de trabalho, e de fatores subjetivos, inerentes ao próprio trabalhador.
36

A interdisciplinaridade na formação dos profissionais de saúde no contexto da reabilitação

Gomes, Angely Caldas 15 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2017-06-20T13:19:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2389568 bytes, checksum: c07c306ad4b494cef4765969decfafbb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-20T13:19:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2389568 bytes, checksum: c07c306ad4b494cef4765969decfafbb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / The training of health professionals in an interdisciplinary perspective is considered a premise for a care reorganization model, aiming to reach teamwork and a more integral and resolutive approach of the human being, based on the principles and guidelines of Brazil’s Unified Public Health System (SUS). The aim of this study is to know the professional training in an interdisciplinary perspective of the following higher-degree courses: Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational Therapy. The study was held in João Pessoa – Paraíba, whose research was based on cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive, and inferential model, developed from qualitative and quantitative approaches. The sample was composed by scholars enrolled in the last academic year of Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational Therapy higher-degree courses from two Higher Education Institutions (HEI’s) and also by Physiotherapists, Speech Therapists, and Occupational Therapists who compose the rehabilitation team from two specialized services of these HEI’s. For this purpose, the “Assessment of Training to Interdisciplinary” questionnaire adapted for rehabilitation context, aiming to know the profile of scholars and their position about approximations and distancing in training related to interdisciplinarity. For the qualitative phase with professionals, it was utilized a semi-structured interview guideline, aiming to analyze the facilitations and problems of an insertion in a rehabilitation team on professional practice scenario. The results of the questionnaires were submitted to Cluster Analysis by R statistical software; and the interviews’ content were organized and analyzed by Nvivo software, thus enabling the construction of Collective Subject’s Speech. Therefore, there were clear signs, in the higher-degree courses researched, limitations on the training in health professionals for interdisciplinarity, with the restriction of activities which contemplate and favor the join action of students, having a negative effect in professional practice. Professionals’ attitude facing the interdisciplinary actions highlighted the limitation in training, reflected on their difficulties, recognizing other professions’ duties and competencies within rehabilitation team. The discussion was utilized as strategy for overcoming in the search of interdisciplinarity achievement. The findings of this study evinced the changes in training process of future rehabilitation professionals, which requires planning and reorganization of academic practices in the perspective of interprofissional education. / A formação dos profissionais da saúde numa perspectiva interdisciplinar é considerada um pressuposto para a reorganização do modelo assistencial, visando o alcance do trabalho em equipe e uma abordagem mais integral e resolutiva do ser humano, tendo como base os princípios e diretrizes do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). O objetivo desse estudo é conhecer a formação profissional na perspectiva interdisciplinar dos cursos de Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional em uma capital do Brasil, e perceber as facilidades e dificuldades de inserção desses profissionais numa equipe de reabilitação no cenário de prática profissional. Trata-se de um estudo realizado na cidade de João Pessoa-PB, cuja pesquisa pautou-se no método transversal, exploratório, descritivo e inferencial, desenvolvido a partir das abordagens qualitativas e quantitativas. A amostra foi composta por discentes matriculados no último ano letivo dos cursos de graduação em Fisioterapia, Fonoaudiologia e Terapia Ocupacional de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e por Fisioterapeutas, Fonoaudiólogos e Terapeutas Ocupacionais que compõem a equipe de reabilitação de dois serviços especializados egressos dessas IES. Para tanto, foi aplicado com os estudantes o questionário “Avaliação da Formação para a Interdisciplinaridade”, adaptado para o contexto da reabilitação com a finalidade de conhecer o perfil dos acadêmicos e o posicionamento dos mesmos sobre as aproximações e os distanciamentos da formação em relação à interdisciplinaridade. Já para os profissionais foi utilizado um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada, a fim de analisar as facilidades e as dificuldades de inserção numa equipe de reabilitação no cenário de prática profissional. Os resultados dos questionários foram submetidos à Análise de Agrupamento por meio do software estatístico R; e os conteúdos das entrevistas foram organizados e analisados pelo software Nvivo, possibilitando assim, a construção de Discursos do Sujeito Coletivo. Nesse sentido, evidenciaram-se, nos cursos investigados, limitações quanto à formação em saúde para a interdisciplinaridade, com restrição das atividades que contemplam e favorecem a atuação conjunta dos estudantes, repercutindo na prática profissional. O posicionamento dos profissionais quanto às ações interdisciplinares enfatizou a limitação na formação, refletida com a dificuldade dos mesmos em (re)conhecerem as atribuições e competências das outras profissões dentro da equipe de reabilitação. O diálogo foi utilizado como estratégia de superação na busca da concretização da interdisciplinaridade. Os achados deste estudo evidenciam a necessidade de mudanças no processo de formação de futuros profissionais da reabilitação, com necessidade de planejamento e de reorganização das práticas acadêmicas na perspectiva da educação interprofissional.
37

Influência do grau de dependência do fumante na efetividade de duas estratégias de comunicação em captar fumantes para um serviço de aconselhamento telefônico: estudo conduzido no dia-a-dia de duas estações de Metrô da cidade do Rio de Janeiro / Influence of the degree of dependence on smoking in the effectiveness of two communication strategies to capture smokers for a service telephone counseling: a study conducted in day-to-day two subway stations in Rio de Janeiro

Szklo, André Salem January 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:42:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010 / O propósito desta Tese de Doutorado foi avaliar a efetividade de duas estratégiasde comunicação ao longo do tempo, moderada pelo grau de dependência à nicotina do fumante, em aumentar a motivação do indivíduo para procurar um serviço de aconselhamento telefônico. O embasamento teórico do estudo proposto, bem como os detalhamentos da metodologia utilizada e dos resultados encontrados, são descritos ao longo do texto e são complementados pelos sete artigos científicos que compõem esta Tese.Um estudo de intervenção foi conduzido durante 4 semanas no dia-a-dia de duas estações de metrô da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram escolhidas estações de começo de linha, consecutivas, próximas uma da outra e que serviam áreas prioritariamente residenciais. Em uma das estações, cartazes de conteúdo positivo envolvendo o tema da falta de fôlego (parar de fumar é ganhar fôlego) foram expostos nas pilastras centrais divisórias das plataformas de embarque. Cartazes de conteúdo negativo (fumar éperder fôlego) foram expostos da mesma forma na segunda estação.Durante o período do estudo, os fumantes leves expostos à intervenção de conteúdo positivo ligaram em média 2,2 vezes mais do que aqueles expostos à intervenção de conteúdo negativo. Ademais, para cada 1087 fumantes leves-dia seguidos, 1 ligação a mais foi registrada para a estação de conteúdo positivo, quando comparada à de conteúdo negativo (diferença de taxas igual a 9,2 ligações por 10000 fumantes leves-dia). A diferença nas taxas de ligações diminuiu após a primeira semana de estudo (p interação aditiva = 0,02). No que diz respeito aos fumantes pesados, não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as estações, tanto nas razões de taxas quanto nas diferenças de taxas. Uma interação qualitativa entre tipo de fumante e estratégia utilizada foi encontrada (p interação = 0,02).Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que várias campanhas de curta duração deconteúdo positivo, abordando temas relacionados com o dia-a-dia dos indivíduos, poderiam ser bem eficazes na captação de um número maior e mais heterogêneo de fumantes. / The objective of this Thesis was to explore the effectiveness over time of two communications strategies in encouraging calls to a Quitline, according to smoker’s degree of dependence. Thesis text encompasses the study’s theoretical background as well as details on the methodology used and results found. It also includes seven scientific papers. A study was conducted for four weeks among passengers of two selected subway stations in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Consecutive boarding stations at one end of a subway line, mainly serving residential areas, were selected. Posters highlighting gains from quitting smoking (“to stop smoking is to gain breathing capacity”) were exposed on the central dividing columns of the boarding platforms in one subway station, whereas the alternative message — highlighting losses (“to smoke is to loose breathing capacity”) — were assigned to the second station. During the study period, light smokers exposed to the positive-content message called on average 2.2 times more often than those exposed to the negative-content message. In addition, for every 1087 light smoker-days followed, one more call was recorded for the positive-content message, compared with the negative-content message (rate difference equivalent to 9.2 calls per 10 000 light smoker-days). The absolute difference in call rates decreased after the first week of the study (p additive interaction, 0.02). For heavy smokers, no differences between the two stations were observed. Qualitative interaction was found between type of smoker and intervention (p= 0.02). The results suggest that short-term positive-content campaigns based on issues pertaining to individuals’ daily routine could be effective in capturing a larger and more heterogeneous smoking population.

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