Nurses are expected to work collaboratively with other health professionals after graduation; however, most have not been taught to work in teams and are ill-prepared to work in collaborative relationships. Interprofessional Education (IPE) may better prepare nursing students for teamwork. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of pre-licensure clinical IPE for nursing students. It was hypothesized that nursing students who participate in clinical IPE have more positive attitudes toward health care teams than nursing students who do not participate in clinical IPE as evidenced by higher scores on the Attitudes Toward Health Care Teams Scale (ATHCTS), Quality of Care/Process subscale and by lower scores on the ATHCTS, Physician Centrality subscale. The theoretical framework for this study was Pettigrew’s intergroup contact theory. A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group, after-only design was used for this study. Archived data (ATHCTS) for nursing students who had participated in clinical IPE was used for the intervention group. The ATHCTS was administered to nursing students in control group universities. An independent t test was used to compare group mean scores. There was no significant difference in Quality of Care/Process subscales between groups. Students participating in clinical IPE had lower scores on the Physician Centrality subscale than the control group. Nursing students participating in clinical IPE favored shared leadership while non-IPE participants supported physician authority. Clinical IPE did not improve student attitudes toward quality of care given by teams. However, all participants had relatively high attitudes toward quality of care provided by teams.

Teamwork is essential to provide quality services to individuals with disabilities (Morrison & Gleddie, 2019). Deficits across a variety of domains make interprofessional practice even more crucial (Dobbs-Oates & Morris, 2016). Interprofessional education (IPE) provides preprofessionals the opportunity to gain experience collaborating with various disciplines, better preparing them for interprofessional practice (Anderson et al., 2011; Ruebling, et al., 2014). Most IPE research has been completed with preprofessionals engaged in medical cases. The existing evidence for IPE in school-based settings is limited, which creates a gap for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who are pursuing work in school-based settings. The first purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions and attitudes of participants following an IPE experience of a medical case with both quantitative and qualitative data. The second purpose of this study was to determine if a case could be adapted to a school-based setting. Seventy-one participants completed a survey following an IPE experience with eight later participating in a focus group. Preprofessionals self-reported interprofessional learning from the experience and recognized the importance of team interactions. The IPE experience was successfully adapted to a school-based case and in an initial program evaluation, perception of teamwork and interactions were also important. In both settings, preprofessionals rated themselves as having less bias towards others than others have towards their own disciplines. This study provides essential information regarding IPE for school-based settings that will ultimately benefit children with disabilities by encouraging interprofessional practice.

In recent years the complexity and integrated nature of health care has increased. It has become accepted that the needs of patients are often greater than one single health profession can address and requires collaboration on the part of health care providers (Freeth, 2001). Interprofessional health education (IPHE) is the interactive educational process and cooperation among various health care professions. It is a valuable pedagogical approach for teaching health care students that they cannot work effectively without the use of a team, and is thought to be the first step in the direction of changing health care practice in the clinical setting. Using a two phase mixed methods approach, this dissertation investigated changes in student attitudes and measured interprofessional readiness as a result of a longitudinal interprofessional educational experience at Thomas Jefferson University called Health Mentors. The health care professions included in this program are: medicine, nursing, physical therapy, occupational therapy, and pharmacy. Together, these students visit an individual living in the greater Philadelphia, PA region with one or more chronic health conditions four times during the year. Of the five hundred and seventy-six students participating in the Health Mentors program, four hundred and ninety-six completed two surveys in September 2008 and again in April 2009. These were the Interprofessional Education Perception Scale (IEPS) and the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) which measured their attitudes and readiness toward interprofessional education. Analysis revealed slight significant differences in the means of the health programs and showed small significant decreases in attitudes and readiness over time. Two focus groups were conducted to better understand the quantitative results. Using grounded theory, the following themes emerged: preparation for future professional experience, personal enjoyment from working with their Mentor, logistical conflicts, unknown roles, and program assignments seen as an `add on' or `busy work'. The results from both the qualitative and quantitative methods indicate that students have a high opinion of the theory of IPHE but find the application difficult in practice. / Educational Psychology

Sustainability is a complex socio-technical challenge that requires new ways of thinking. To help meet this challenge, I have created three case-based modules that teach engineering students how to apply sustainability principles and help them recognize potential cognitive traps, or barriers, that may prevent more consideration for sustainability during design. Each of my three case studies is built into a PowerPoint-guided module for undergraduate engineering classes, which may be taught in 1-3 class days. I have implemented each of the three modules in senior-level classes at Virginia Tech, assessed survey data, and scored student assignments. This work and the underlying literature background is reflected in three journal papers, one for each module. My case study modules, along with all associated teaching materials, are shared in the Center for Sustainable Engineering repository for other instructors to adapt and use. Each module includes a case study about an infrastructure project recognized and awarded by the Envision rating system, demonstrating a case of sustainability done well. Adaptable PowerPoint slides are used to teach about the Envision rating system and credits particularly relevant to the project. Active learning assignments allow students to apply the Envision framework and design criteria to complex and ill-structured problems related to the case study. Slides also cover the relation of three selected behavioral decision science concepts to each case study; these include cognitive biases and barriers which tend to inhibit sustainability outcomes, as well as some potential solutions to mitigate or overcome such barriers. Paired with the decision-making framework of Envision, awareness of these transdisciplinary concepts will allow students to more effectively manage the complex decisions found in real-world projects. Results were assessed through a variety of methods to determine the modules' level of effectiveness in accomplishing defined student learning outcomes. Pre-module and post-module student surveys were employed to measure several indicators: changes in self-assessed confidence levels, perceptions of sustainable design (characteristics and barriers), and accuracy of module concept definitions. Each of several active learning assignments was scored on a simple rubric. Concept maps were also tested as further type of assessment, and scored with both traditional and holistic methods. However, fully integrating the concept mapping approach is left to the future work of others. These modules are a significant contribution to engineering education, as they integrate diverse topics and disciplines into a unified and relevant teaching package. Over 350 students have already been reached through the three modules, and sharing the materials in a peer-reviewed repository allows for expansion, adaptation, and capacity building. Each module's content and pedagogy align with ABET accreditation requirements and ASCE's Body of Knowledge, making them relevant tools for equipping the future generation of engineers. Future development of similar case studies can build partnerships between academia and industry, as well as increase cross-disciplinary collaboration. These efforts will both improve undergraduate education and advance the profession. / Master of Science

Title from PDF of title page. / Document formatted into pages; contains 459 pages. / Dissertation originally submitted in HTML and can be accessed at http://www.lib.usf.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-12032001-125326/unrestricted/index.htm / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of South Florida, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references. / Text (Electronic thesis) in PDF format. / ABSTRACT: The virtual world exists as a dimension between concrete physical reality and abstract fictional fantasy. This cyber essence has become a place of commerce, social development, and educational pursuit. To build an understanding of the Kingdom of the Internet, the resulting case study sought to explore the community learning experiences of groups involved in an international online distance education program to create a tale of the process of a system. An assumption in this research was that the program under study was framed within a social learning context. Therefore, the recommendations and findings must be considered within this context and applied within similarly framed learning programs. The method of this study followed an input-process-output model with an added element of outcomes. / ABSTRACT: Participants completed a preliminary technology survey, locus of control instrument, self-regulated learner instrument and a learning styles inventory along with provided background information to form group input profiles. The process of the system was observed through the use of focus groups with the participants, process leaders and instructors as well as transcripts from discussion and chats. The group interaction, the site usage information and technical feedback all served as output information. The outcomes were measured through the use of a group effectiveness measure and instructor rating of final products. The result of the system study was a story of challenge and frustration, excitement and yearning, experimentation and comfort, good and best intentions. A portraiture approach was used as the vehicle for sharing the unique experiences of the international leaders during the first semester of learning. / ABSTRACT: As an essay on not only this particular system but also the dynamics of on-line research, the study illustrated the difficulties in virtual data collection. Major themes that were determined to be critical to virtual group social learning include: role differentiation, concise curriculum development, minimization of intimidation factors, and the initial group characteristic (input relationships). The wide focus of this study provided an overview of many topics that demand further research from both the lens of individual virtual learning experience and in depth exploration of various program components. / System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.

O estudo objetiva verificar a existência de educação interdisciplinar sobre direitos humanos, em cursos básicos de conciliadores e de mediadores judiciais cíveis, de 24 países selecionados em 4 continentes, capazes de contribuir para a construção da cultura de paz transnacional, conforme compromissos internacionais assumidos perante a Unesco. A partir desse diagnóstico internacional, a dissertação almeja propor sugestões para aperfeiçoamento das diretrizes do Conselho Nacional de Justiça brasileiro para os cursos em questão, que representem avanços humanísticos e interdisciplinares. No percurso metodológico da pesquisa empírica exploratória de métodos mistos, adotando o design convergente, a análise de conteúdo de Laurence Bardin (2016) é utilizada em conjunto com o direito comparado funcional, na visão de Ralf Michaels (2008). A coleta de dados sobre a organização e o conteúdo das propostas de cursos e normativas correlatas abrange os 27 tribunais de justiça e as 27 seções judiciárias do Brasil, além das amostras de outros 23 países (África do Sul, Argentina, Austrália, Bolívia, Canadá, Chile, Colômbia, Costa Rica, Escócia, Estados Unidos, Espanha, França, Gales, Honduras, Inglaterra, Irlanda do Norte, Itália, Nigéria, México, Paraguai, Peru, Portugal e Uruguai). Em paralelo, para aprofundar a investigação da realidade prática, observam-se ex post facto os materiais didáticos e o desenvolvimento de 14 cursos, ministrados entre 2016 e 2017, pela Escola Superior da Magistratura Tocantinense e pelo Conselho da Justiça Federal, além do Manual de Mediação Judicial do Conselho Nacional de Justiça do Brasil. A fusão dos resultados da análise comparada do conteúdo confirma as hipóteses de não haver planejamento consciente para educação em direitos humanos nessas ações formativas, e de que possíveis abordagens são superficiais e insuficientes para produzirem capacitação efetivamente humanística, interdisciplinar e transformativa. Após diálogo teóricointerdisciplinar, a pesquisa aplicada sugere avanços à educação interdisciplinar em direitos humanos para os conteúdos e as diretrizes curriculares do Conselho Nacional de Justiça brasileiro, especialmente sobre dignidade da pessoa humana, ampla acepção de acesso à justiça, democracia representativa e participativa, cidadania, diversidade, justiça e emancipação social, interação social colaborativa, papel educacional do Poder Judiciário, éticas da alteridade, da responsabilidade com o outro, da paz e neo-humanista. / The study aims to verify the existence of interdisciplinary education on human rights, in basic courses of civil judicial conciliators and mediators, from 24 countries selected on 04 continents, capable of contributing to the construction of a transnational culture of peace, in compliance with the international commitments assumed before Unesco. From international diagnostic, the dissertation aims to propose suggestions for improvement of the guidelines of the Brazilian National Council of Justice for the courses in question, which represent humanistic and interdisciplinary advances. In the methodological course of the empirical exploratory research of mixed methods, adopting the convergent design, the content analysis of Laurence Bardin (2016) is used together with functional comparative law, in the view of Ralf Michaels (2008). The data collection about the organization and content of courses proposals and the related normative covers the 27 courts of justice and the 27 judicial sections in Brazil, as well as samples from 23 other countries (South Africa, Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Scotland, the United States, Spain, France, Wales, Honduras, England, Northern Ireland, Italy, Nigeria, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal and Uruguay). At the same time, to deepen the investigation of practical reality, the teaching materials and the development of 14 courses, realized between 2016 and 2017, by the Superior School of the Judiciary of Tocantins and by the Federal Justice Council, were examined ex post facto, as well as the Manual of Judicial Mediation of the Brazilian National Council of Justice. The merger of the results of the comparative content analysis confirms the hypotheses that there is not conscious planning for human rights education in these formative actions, and that possible approaches are superficial and insufficient to produce an effectively humanistic, interdisciplinary and transformative training. After a theoretical-interdisciplinary dialogue, the applied research suggests advances to the interdisciplinary education on human rights for the contents and the curricular directives of the Brazilian National Council of Justice, especially on dignity of the human person, broad acceptance of access to justice, representative and participatory democracy, citizenship, diversity, social justice and emancipation, collaborative social interaction, the educational role of the Judiciary, ethics of otherness, responsibility with the other, peace and neo-humanist.

Este trabalho coloca em discussão a questão do corpo do estudante do Ensino Médio, no espaço escolar, a partir de uma pesquisa-ação desenvolvida em uma escola estadual do litoral norte de São Paulo, realizada durante as aulas de Educação Física. As aulas envolveram propostas de trabalho com o corpo, a partir do universo da Arte, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar. O objetivo desta dissertação é contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estudos, pesquisas e ações pedagógicas voltadas à desfragmentação do corpo do estudante, na instituição escolar, que ainda segue as bases do dualismo cartesiano, em que apenas a mente é considerada para a aprendizagem. Neste sentido, a pesquisa fundamenta-se na fenomenologia da percepção, de Merleau-Ponty, para a qual não há separação entre corpo e mente, portanto, é o sujeito inteiro que aprende e apreende o mundo. As ações educativas desenvolvidas ocorreram em três etapas: uma sondagem sobre a representação dos alunos a respeito do corpo humano, que se deu a partir da realização de vídeos curtos; propostas educativas envolvendo Arte e Educação Física, voltadas ao reconhecimento do eu e do outro no espaço escolar; propostas artísticas, elaboradas e realizadas pelos estudantes, a partir do que sentiam em relação ao seu corpo no ambiente da escola, inspiradas em manifestações da arte contemporânea, como: performance, instalação, painel coletivo e vídeo. Através da análise dos dados, concluiu-se que há uma incoerência entre o que é ensinado e o que os alunos consideram importante aprender, o que provoca uma grande indisposição deles com o ambiente escolar. Sentem-se à parte da escola, já que não participam de decisões que envolvem a vida acadêmica e não são respeitados em suas necessidades e características. Também concluiu-se que o trabalho interdisciplinar entre a Arte e a Educação Física pode contribuir para a presença do corpo do estudante na escola. / This work discusses the student\'s body within the school space, based on an action research developed in a State school in the north coast of Sao Paulo and carried during the Physical Education classes. The classes involved proposals of working with the body, through the universe of Art, under an interdisciplinary perspective. The objective of this dissertation is to contribute towards the development of studies, research and pedagogical action aiming the defragmentation of the student\'s body, in the school institution, that still follows the basis of dual Cartesian, in which only the mind is seen as necessary to the learning process. In this sense, it is based on the Phenomenology, by Merleau-Ponty, for whom there is not a separation between body and mind and, therefore, it is the whole subject who apprehends the world. The investigation happened in three stages: the first explored individual and collective representations that students nurtured about the human body through one minute videos; sensitization, through educational action, allowing students to perceive themselves ant others within the school space; artistic proposals elaborated and carried by the based on reflections and feelings related to the body in the school and inspired in the contemporary arts: performance, installation, collective panel and video. Based on data analysis, the conclusion is that there is incoherence between what is taught and what the students consider important to learn, besides a significant unease regarding the school environment. Students feel detached from the school, as they do not take part in decisions involved in academic life and are not respected in their necessities and characteristics. It has also been concluded that an interdisciplinary approach between Art and Physical education can contribute to the presence of the student\'s body in the school.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:42:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diogo Rodrigues Afonso.pdf: 10692815 bytes, checksum: 8700454998dbea5a32c3652980832c57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-15 / Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie / This was, and still is, a major means of communication in human history, gaining utmost importance with the advent of innovative technologies and media, which has become, gradually, in the everyday essentials of contemporary man. The need for visual literacy, which is expressed in several references, such as image reading and critical understanding of visual culture. This work will look at the photographic image as an important element in the development of visual literacy, aesthetic knowledge and the ability to read and interpret pictorial signs, taking as a starting point for art education. So this paper proposes a strategy based on visual syntax reading, analyzing basic elements such as point, line, shape, color, light and shadow, perspective separately, for a broader understanding and reading of images while a possible visual literacy. / A imagem foi, e ainda é, um dos principais meios de comunicação da história da humanidade, ganhando extrema importância com o advento das tecnologias e mídias inovadoras, as quais tem se tornado, paulatinamente, indispensáveis no cotidiano do homem contemporâneo. A necessidade de uma alfabetização visual, que se expressa em várias referências, como leitura de imagens e compreensão crítica da cultura visual. Neste trabalho será abordada a imagem fotográfica como elemento importante no desenvolvimento da alfabetização visual, conhecimento estético e a capacidade de ler e interpretar signos imagéticos, tendo como ponto de partida a educação pela arte. Assim este trabalho propõem uma leitura de imagens fotográficas fundamentada na sintaxe visual, analisando elementos básicos como ponto, linha, forma, cor, luz e sombra e perspectiva que serão apresentadas de forma independente e autônoma, para uma compreensão mais ampla de imagens fotográficas e ao mesmo tempo uma alfabetização visual.

Este trabalho coloca em discussão a questão do corpo do estudante do Ensino Médio, no espaço escolar, a partir de uma pesquisa-ação desenvolvida em uma escola estadual do litoral norte de São Paulo, realizada durante as aulas de Educação Física. As aulas envolveram propostas de trabalho com o corpo, a partir do universo da Arte, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar. O objetivo desta dissertação é contribuir para o desenvolvimento de estudos, pesquisas e ações pedagógicas voltadas à desfragmentação do corpo do estudante, na instituição escolar, que ainda segue as bases do dualismo cartesiano, em que apenas a mente é considerada para a aprendizagem. Neste sentido, a pesquisa fundamenta-se na fenomenologia da percepção, de Merleau-Ponty, para a qual não há separação entre corpo e mente, portanto, é o sujeito inteiro que aprende e apreende o mundo. As ações educativas desenvolvidas ocorreram em três etapas: uma sondagem sobre a representação dos alunos a respeito do corpo humano, que se deu a partir da realização de vídeos curtos; propostas educativas envolvendo Arte e Educação Física, voltadas ao reconhecimento do eu e do outro no espaço escolar; propostas artísticas, elaboradas e realizadas pelos estudantes, a partir do que sentiam em relação ao seu corpo no ambiente da escola, inspiradas em manifestações da arte contemporânea, como: performance, instalação, painel coletivo e vídeo. Através da análise dos dados, concluiu-se que há uma incoerência entre o que é ensinado e o que os alunos consideram importante aprender, o que provoca uma grande indisposição deles com o ambiente escolar. Sentem-se à parte da escola, já que não participam de decisões que envolvem a vida acadêmica e não são respeitados em suas necessidades e características. Também concluiu-se que o trabalho interdisciplinar entre a Arte e a Educação Física pode contribuir para a presença do corpo do estudante na escola. / This work discusses the student\'s body within the school space, based on an action research developed in a State school in the north coast of Sao Paulo and carried during the Physical Education classes. The classes involved proposals of working with the body, through the universe of Art, under an interdisciplinary perspective. The objective of this dissertation is to contribute towards the development of studies, research and pedagogical action aiming the defragmentation of the student\'s body, in the school institution, that still follows the basis of dual Cartesian, in which only the mind is seen as necessary to the learning process. In this sense, it is based on the Phenomenology, by Merleau-Ponty, for whom there is not a separation between body and mind and, therefore, it is the whole subject who apprehends the world. The investigation happened in three stages: the first explored individual and collective representations that students nurtured about the human body through one minute videos; sensitization, through educational action, allowing students to perceive themselves ant others within the school space; artistic proposals elaborated and carried by the based on reflections and feelings related to the body in the school and inspired in the contemporary arts: performance, installation, collective panel and video. Based on data analysis, the conclusion is that there is incoherence between what is taught and what the students consider important to learn, besides a significant unease regarding the school environment. Students feel detached from the school, as they do not take part in decisions involved in academic life and are not respected in their necessities and characteristics. It has also been concluded that an interdisciplinary approach between Art and Physical education can contribute to the presence of the student\'s body in the school.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Health professionals worldwide are currently inadequately trained to address the health issues of communities, particularly in developing countries where there are major health disparities. This study argues for an alternative and more appropriate education, one which would better prepare future health professionals to address these needs. The study draws attention to how the University of the Western Cape (UWC) responded to preparing its health professional graduates to better meet the needs of South African society. The thesis explores the rationale for a shift in health professions education to one which supports service-learning, locating the study within the broader developments in higher education within South Africa. The specific aim of this thesis was to evaluate a community-based interdisciplinary health promotion course offered to the undergraduate health sciences students from the faculties of Community and Health Sciences and Dentistry at the University of the Western Cape (UWC). It focused on evaluating the perceived effectiveness and the impact on the stakeholders of the Interdisciplinary Health Promotion course, with the aim of developing an appropriate framework to guide the teaching of health promotion at higher education institutions in South Africa. Ten primary schools in three disadvantaged communities in the Western Cape were used as the health promotion settings for the Interdisciplinary Health Promotion course. The study design was a programme evaluation that used the explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. An evaluation matrix was developed, consisting of three core concepts (curriculum, community-based learning, and university-school collaboration) against which the course was evaluated. Indicators and criteria were developed for each core concept. Questionnaires were distributed to all the stakeholders, that is, the university students, the lecturers, the supervisors and the school educators, involved in the Interdisciplinary Health Promotion Course during 2006. Focus group discussions with the stakeholders were also conducted at the UWC campus and in the Delft community. There was a good response from all the stakeholders who participated in the study (students (72.4%), lecturers (85%), supervisors (100%) and school educators (71.5%)). A main finding of the study was that the Interdisciplinary Health Promotion course was relevant and up-to-date with developments in the field of health promotion. Course topics were dealt with in sufficient depth and the assignments were clear, specific and related to the course outcomes. The interdisciplinary teaching and learning approach allowed the university students to learn and develop a better understanding of the roles and contributions that the various professions played in health promotion in a community. The course was perceived as having been of value to all the stakeholders and having a positive impact on the schools. The findings revealed that the health promotion projects implemented in the schools helped the university students to learn how to plan, implement and evaluate a project in a community setting. Furthermore, the findings suggest that the schools offered an ideal placement for university students to learn about health promotion and its application. In addressing a concern about the course not making any meaningful long-term impact on the schools and the surrounding communities, the study showed that it is important to revisit the current teaching and learning approach of the Interdisciplinary Health Promotion course. It revealed that service-learning as an alternative to the field education approach would facilitate a closer relationship between theoretical and practical knowledge, where the practical application was translated into a service that met the needs of a community. The study further revealed that the collaboration model between the university and the school also needed to be reconceptualized, to include all the stakeholders as well as their needs in relation to health promotion in the schools. It was recommended that the Health Promoting School framework should be seen as the overarching framework for the sustainability of school-based health promotion. In conclusion, this study showed that the recognition and establishment of university community partnerships and reliance upon them in the educational process, would provide many new opportunities for relevant and meaningful health professional education and training. These efforts would contribute to improving the quality of higher education delivered to students, thereby ensuring their competency to better meet the needs of the communities they will serve.