Submitted by Simone Souza (simonecgsouza@hotmail.com) on 2017-12-15T14:46:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Ohana França.pdf: 7165420 bytes, checksum: 070b4266a439b20010f9ae2e0cca6b11 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jordan (jordanbiblio@gmail.com) on 2018-02-03T13:27:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Ohana França.pdf: 7165420 bytes, checksum: 070b4266a439b20010f9ae2e0cca6b11 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-03T13:27:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISS_2014_Ohana França.pdf: 7165420 bytes, checksum: 070b4266a439b20010f9ae2e0cca6b11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / CAPES / Este trabalho tem o propósito de apresentar os dados geológicos, petrológicos e geocronológicos do Granito Morrinhos, pertencente a Suíte Intrusiva Pensamiento, localizado nos domínios do Terreno Paraguá, porção sudoeste do Cráton Amazônico. O mapeamento geológico permitiu a identificação de duas fácies petrográficas no Granito Morrinhos, sendo: Hornblenda-biotita granodiorito e Biotita monzogranito, das quais a primeira predomina em extensão areal. Macroscopicamente, a primeira fácies caracteriza-se por rochas leucocráticas, cinza-claro, constituídas de quartzo, plagioclásio, feldspatos alcalinos, biotita e hornblenda, diferentemente da fácies Biotita monzogranito que consiste de rochas leucocráticas, cinza-rosado, tendo biotita como único máfico essencial. Ambas foram metamorfizadas na fácies xisto verde. Quimicamente, esses litotipos caracterizam uma sequência ácida formada por um magmatismo subalcalino, do tipo álcali-cálcico, metaluminoso a levemente peraluminoso, com algumas feições de granitos do tipo A, evoluído por meio de mecanismos de cristalização fracionada. Dados estruturais exibem registros de duas fases deformacionais, representadas pela xistosidade (S1) e clivagem de crenulação (S2) de atitude preferencial, respectivamente, de 220/80 e 350/85, ambas, provavelmente, relacionadas à Orogenia San Ignácio. Determinação geocronológica obtida pelo método U-Pb (SHRIMP) e geoquímica isotópica (Sm-Nd) dessas rochas indicaram, respectivamente, idade de cristalização 1350 ± 12 Ma, TDM em torno de 1,77 Ga e valor negativo para εNd(1,35) de -2,57. Os resultados aqui obtidos sugerem que o Granito Morrinhos tenha sido gerado em arco magmático continental, em estágio pós-colisional, da Orogenia San Ignácio e permite reconhece-lo como parte da Suíte Intrusiva Pensamiento. / This work presents the geologic, petrological, and geochronological data of Morrinhos Granite belonging to Pensamiento Intrusive Suite, located in the areas of Paraguá Terrain, southwestern portion of the Amazonian Craton. Geological mapping allowed the identification of two facies in Morrinhos Granite, which are: Hornblende-biotite granodiorite e Biotite monzogranite, the first of which predominates in areal extent. The first facies is characterized by leucocratic rocks, light gray, consisting of quartz, plagioclase, alkali feldspar, biotite and hornblende, unlike facies Biotite monzogranite, that is consisting of pinkish gray leucocratic rocks, with biotite as the only mafic essential. Both metamorphosed at greenschist facies. Chemically, these rock types characterize an acid sequence formed by sub alkaline magmatism, alkali-calcic metaluminous to slightly peraluminous type with some features A-type granites as standard evolved through fractional crystallization mechanisms. Structural data show two phases of deformation represented by the schistosity (S1) and cleavage crenulation (S2) with preferential attitude, respectively, 220 /80 and 350/85, both probably related to San Ignácio Orogeny. Geochronological determination obtained by the U-Pb (SHRIMP) and isotope geochemistry (Sm-Nd) of these rocks indicate, respectively, crystallization age 1350 ± 12 Ma, TDM around 1.77 Ga and negative value for εNd(1.35) of -2.57.The results obtained suggest that the Morrinhos Granite has been generated in a continental magmatic arc during the post colisional stage of San Ignacio Orogeny and allow to recognizes as an extension of Pensamiento Intrusive Suite.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Electricity consumption in homes and workplaces has been growing steadily over the decades and attitudes to reduce these costs should be taken. An interesting solution is to provide to electricity users, and also to the energy company, detailed data of individual consumption of each electrical appliance. To accomplish this, researchers in the field have focused their efforts on non-intrusive methods of load identification, where a single energy meter is able to desagreggate the appliances by monitoring the total consumption of electricity of that location. Non-intrusive methods are easy to install and demand little maintenance, but require a robust method for identifying these loads. Therefore, the aim of this work is to investigate nonintrusive methods of recognition of electrical appliances to find the desaggregated consumption of these loads. Among these methods, there are the already widely used image recognition pattern methods, that now are been used also to detect electrical devices. In this paper, two of these techniques are discussed, the Principal Component Analisys, a classical method in the literature, and the Vector Projection Length, a completely new method and never used in the loads recognition field before. Current and voltage data were collected from 16 residential appliances, involving all types of loads (resistive, inductive, electronic and hybrid/other types). These data were used as training samples and test samples (unknown samples). A study is carried out using the current and also the power, independently, as load signatures. Also, a comparative analysis of the results of signatures in the time domain and time-frequency (Stowkwell transform) is conducted. As the main contributions to this work, we verified that the Vector Projection Length for load identification is quite feasible, with results up to 96% of tested appliances being identified. However, the results with Principal Component Analisys did not presented the same performance, reaching only 81% of accuracy rate. Comparing the signatures, it became clear that one should use the current in the time-frequency domain for better performance. Neither the use of power, or the time domain obtained satisfactory results of load identification when applying image pattern recognition techniques to load recognition. / O consumo de eletricidade em residências e ambientes de trabalho vem crescendo continuamente ao longo das décadas e atitudes para reduzir estes gastos devem ser tomadas. Uma solução interessante é fornecer aos usuários de energia elétrica, e também à própria concessionária, dados detalhados de consumo individual de cada equipamento elétrico. Para alcançar este objetivo, pesquisadores na área tem focado seus esforços em métodos não-intrusivos de identificação das cargas (equipamentos elétricos), onde um único medidor de energia é capaz de desagregar os equipamentos através do monitoramento do consumo total de energia elétrica daquele local. Métodos não-intrusivos são de fácil instalação e de pouca manutenção, porém requerem um robusto método de identificação destas cargas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é investigar métodos não-intrusivos de reconhecimento de equipamentos elétricos para encontrar o consumo desagregado destas cargas. Dentre estes métodos, existem os já muito utilizados no reconhecimento de padrões em imagens, mas que agora tem sido também usados para detectar cargas elétricas. Neste trabalho duas destas técnicas são abordadas, a Principal Component Analisys, método clássico na literatura, e o Vector Projection Length, um método completamente novo e nunca usado no reconhecimento de cargas. Coletou-se dados de corrente e tensão de 16 equipamentos elétricos residenciais dos mais variados tipos, envolvendo todos os tipos de cargas existentes (resistivas, indutivas, eletrônicas e híbridas/outros tipos). Estes dados coletados foram utilizados como amostras de treinamento e amostras de teste (amostras desconhecidas). Como assinatura das cargas é realizado um estudo empregando corrente e também potência, de forma independente. Ainda, uma análise comparativa de resultados das assinaturas no domínio do tempo e do tempo-frequência (Transformada de Stowkwell) é conduzido. Como principais contribuições para este trabalho obteve-se que o uso do Vector Projection Length na identificação de equipamentos é bastante viável, com resultados de até 96% dos equipamentos testados sendo identificados. Já os resultados com o Principal Component Analisys ficaram abaixo de seu concorrente, atingindo 81% de taxa de acertos. Comparando as assinaturas, ficou claro que deve-se utilizar a corrente no domínio do tempo-frequência para uma melhor performance. Nem o uso da potência, nem o domínio do tempo obtiveram resultados satisfatórios de identificação quando empregados.

Sensores capacitivos são amplamente utilizados em vários sistemas de medida, tanto na indústria como em laboratórios de pesquisa. Estes dispositivos medem variadas grandezas físicas, como deslocamento, força, pressão, densidade e concentração de substâncias em escoamentos bifásicos, entre outros. Sua aplicação vêm sendo utilizada há algum tempo de forma relativamente elementar, necessitando ainda de estudos específicos para entender a fundo o fenômeno de transferência de carga. A sonda proposta neste trabalho visa melhorar a aquisição do sinal capacitivo e obter uma medida precisa de fração volumétrica em condições bifásicas e trifásicas. Portanto, é necessário um circuito transdutor que transmita de forma precisa a capacitância registrada entre os eletrodos dos sensores até uma central de aquisição. Neste trabalho buscamos desenvolver um modelo de sonda para medir frações volumétricas in situ. Para tanto, apresentamos as etapas de calibração dos sensores, através de válvulas de fechamento rápido, e validamos a técnica sob determinadas condições e variados padrões de escoamento. Dois sensores de geometrias distintas (anéis e hélices) foram utilizados na composição da sonda capacitiva não intrusiva. Propõe-se a solução do sistema linear para medição direta de fração volumétrica em escoamento trifásico. / Capacitive sensors are widely employed in many measurement systems in both industry and laboratory activities. These devices measure several physical quantities such as displacement, forces, pressure, density and concentration of substances in two-phase flows. Their application in industry is still insipient, in part because specific studies are still necessary to properly understand the phenomenon of charge transfer. The goal of this research is the development of a non-intrusive double-sensor probe to on-line measurement of in-situ volumetric fractions in two and three-phase flows. Therefore, we present the calibration work, through quick-closing valves, and validation techniques under certain conditions and for different flows patterns. A transducer circuit to transmit the capacitance sign accurately from the sensors to the central acquisition was developed. Two sensors with different geometries (rings and helix) comprise the double-sensor capacitive probe. Finally, we propose the solution of a linear system for the direct measurement of in-situ volumetric fraction in three-phase flow.

It is desirable for companies to be able to hide data inside videos to be able to find the source of any unauthorised sharing of a video. The hidden data (the payload) should damage the original data (the cover) by an as small amount as possible while also making it hard to remove the payload without also severely damaging the cover. It was determined that the most appropriate place to hide data in a video was in the visual information, so the cover is an image. Two injection methods were developed and three methods for attacking the payload. One injection method changes the pixel values of an image directly to hide the payload and the other transforms the image to cosine waves that represented the image and it then changes those cosine waves to hide the payload. Attacks were developed to test how hard it was to remove the hidden data. The methods for attacking the payload where to add and remove a random value to each pixel, to set all bits of a certain importance to 1 or to compress the image with JPEG. The result of the study was that the method that changed the image directly was significantly faster than the method that transformed the image and it had a capacity for a larger payload. The injection methods protected the payload differently well against the various attacks so which method that was the best in that regard depends on the type of attack. / Det är önskvärt för företag att kunna gömma data i videor så att de kan hitta källorna till obehörig delning av en video. Den data som göms borde skada den ursprungliga datan så lite som möjligt medans det också är så svårt som möjligt att radera den gömda datan utan att den ursprungliga datan skadas mycket. Studien kom fram till att det bästa stället att gömma data i videor är i den visuella delen så datan göms i bilderna i videon. Två metoder skapades för att injektera gömd data och tre skapades för att förstöra den gömda datan. En injektionsmetod ändrar pixelvärdet av bilden direkt för att gömma datat medans den andra transformerar bilden till cosinusvågor och ändrar sedan de vågorna för att gömma datat. Attacker utformades för att testa hur svårt det var att förstöra den gömda datan. Metoderna för att attackera den gömda datan var att lägga till eller ta bort ett slumpmässigt värde från varje pixel, att sätta varje bit av en särskild nivå till 1 och att komprimera bilden med JPEG. Resultatet av studien var att metoden som ändrade bilden direkt var mycket snabbare än metoden som först transformerade bilden och den hade också plats för mer gömd data. Injektionsmetoderna var olika bra på att skydda den gömda datan mot de olika attackerna så vilken metod som var bäst i den aspekten beror på vilken typ av attack som används.

Fluid dynamicists are always in need of innovative instruments for flow velocity measurements. An ideal instrument would be non-intrusive, have a very fine spatial resolution as well as a very fine temporal resolution, be able to measure three-components of velocity, and be compact. Through recent advancements, laser Doppler velocimetry can now meet all of those requirements making it an important part of aerodynamicist's research toolbox. The first paper presented in this manuscript style thesis explains the development of an advanced three-velocity component, spatially-resolving laser-Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system for highly resolved velocity measurements in situations with limited optical access. The new instrument, a next generation version of the previously developed 'comprehensive' LDV technology, enables measurements of three components of velocity and particle position in the axial direction all through a single transceiving lens. Described here is the design process and the final design for the 'compact, comprehensive' LDV (Comp²LDV). The probe was designed to achieve ± 10 micron root-mean-square uncertainties in axial particle position, which combined with the long measurement volume, allow researchers to obtain a three-velocity-component velocity statistics profiles over a span of approximately 1.5mm without the need for traversing. Results from measurements in a flat plate turbulent boundary layer very near the wall have compared favorably to data from previous studies. The second paper focuses on the motion and evolution of coherent structures in supersonic jet flows and how that relates to the intense noise the flows generate. As a preliminary study to experimentally address these relationships, novel non-intrusive measurements using two-component laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) have been conducted at exceptionally high data rates to lend insight into the statistical behavior of noise-generating flow structures. A new heated supersonic jet facility has been constructed to provide supersonic flow at total temperatures ratios (T₀/Tₐ) up to 3. In the present work, the instrumentation is validated via comparison of LDV measurements along the centerline of a screeching cold jet with microphone and high-speed shadowgraph results. Reynolds stress spectra are presented for an over-expanded case (nozzle pressure ratio of 3.2) of a design Mach number 1.65 nozzle operated cold (T₀/Tₐ = 1). A preliminary study was then conducted in the near-nozzle shear layer, up to x/d = 4.0, at design nozzle pressure ratio (4.58) and total temperature ratio of 2.0. Results are presented for Reynolds stress time-delay correlations and power spectra at Re_d = 1.1M for this case. The stream-wise Reynolds normal stress spectra are compared with published spectral behavior reported by other researchers, indicating a similar spectral shape in the downstream stations as previously measured with LDV and hot wire anemometry for cold jets, but which differ in shape from density-based techniques. / Master of Science

At the interface of physics, mathematics, and computer science, Uncertainty Quanti cation (UQ) aims at developing a more rigorous framework and more reliable methods to characterize the impact of uncertainties on the prediction of Quantities Of Interest (QOI). Despite signi cant improvements done in the last years in UQ methods for Fluid Mechanics, there is nonetheless a long way to go before there can be talk of an accurate prediction when considering all the numerous sources of uncertainties of the physical problem (boundary conditions, physical models, geometric tolerances, etc), in particular for shock-dominated problems. This manuscript illustrates my main contributions for improving the reliability of the numerical simulation in Fluid Mechanics: i) the development of e cient and exible schemes for solving at low-cost stochastic partial di erential equations for compressible ows, ii) various works concerning variancebased and high-order analysis, iii) the design of some low-cost techniques for the optimization under uncertainty. The application of interest is the robust design of turbines for Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC). Some contributions to the numerical ow prediction of the thermodynamically complex gases involved in ORC will be presented. This manuscript is divided in two parts. In the rst part, some intrusive algorithms are introduced that feature an innovative formulation allowing the treatment of discontinuities propagating in the coupled physical/stochastic space for shock-dominated compressible ows. Then, variance and higher-order based decompositions are described, that could alleviate problems with large number of uncertainties by performing a dimension reduction with an improved control. Some ANOVAbased analyses are also applied to several ows displaying various types of modeling uncertainties, be it cavitation, thermodynamic or turbulence modeling. Two algorithms for handling stochastic inverse problems are then introduced for improving input uncertainty characterization by directly using experimental data. Finally, robust-optimization algorithms are introduced, that are e cient when dealing with a large number of uncertainties, relying on di erent formulations, i.e. with decoupled/ coupled approaches between the stochastic and the optimization solvers. The second part is devoted to the study of dense gas ow in ORC-cycles, which represent a highly demanding eld of application as far as ow simulation reliability is concerned. The numerical ingredients necessary for this kind of simulation are described. Then, some recent results are illustrated : i) high- delity turbine computations; ii) a feasibility study concerning the appearance and the occurrence of a Rarefaction Shock Wave, using experimental data and di erent operating conditions (in monophasic and two-phase ows); iii) a stochastic study concerning the thermodynamic model uncertainties. This set of research works has produced several papers in international journals and peer-reviewed conferences.

Le domaine lié à ce travail est appelé « désagrégation d’énergie », où la principale préoccupation est de décomposer, ou désagréger, la consommation globale d’énergie électrique (par exemple, la consommation de tout un ménage) en une consommation détaillée donnée comme information de consommation par usage (par exemple, par appareil). Cette dernière permet d’avoir un retour sur la consommation pour les consommateurs ainsi que pour les fournisseurs et est utile pour permettre des économies d’énergie. Dans ce domaine de désagrégation d’énergie, il existe trois grandes questions auxquelles il faut répondre : qui consomme ? quand ? et combien ? Les recherches menées dans cette thèse se concentrent sur l’identification des appareils électriques, c’est-à-dire la réponse à la première question, en considérant particulièrement des appareils ménagers. À cet effet, nous utilisons le courant transitoire de mise en marche que nous modélisons en utilisant un nouveau modèle que nous avons proposé. De plus, nous utilisons les paramètres estimés de ce dernier pour la tâche d’identification. / The related field to this work is called “energy disaggregation" where the main concern is to break down, or disaggregate, the global electrical energy consumption (e.g. wholehouse consumption) into a detailed consumption given as end-use (e.g. appliance-level) consumption information. This latter gives consumption feedback to consumers and electricity providers and is helpful for energy savings. Three main questions have to be answered in the energy disaggregation field : who is consuming ? when ? and how much ? The research conducted in this thesis focuses on electrical appliances identification, i.e. the who question, considering particularly home appliances. For this purpose, we use the turn-on transient current signal which we model using a new model we proposed and use its estimated model parameters for the identification task.

Résumé : La mesure des profils transitoires et de la vitesse de solidification sont deux données importantes pour le contrôle de procédés industriels impliquant un changement de phase. Dans le cas de l’électrolyse de l’aluminium, ce processus de solidification assure la protection du système et influe sur la performance énergétique du procédé de fabrication. Malheureusement, ces données se révèlent, dans la plupart des cas, difficilement accessibles. Ce travail de thèse porte sur le développement de nouveaux outils permettant l’étude et la caractérisation de la solidification de matériaux à changement de phase et à haute température. L’objectif est de développer un système de mesure du front de solidification de matériaux à changement de phase non destructif et ne perturbant pas le milieu de mesure, tout en assurant une précision et une réponse suffisamment rapide pour exploiter de nouvelles stratégies de contrôle dans les cuves d’électrolyse. Ce travail couple une étude expérimentale fondamentale de la solidification de la cryolithe avec une modélisation numérique de phénomène de changement de phase solide-liquide dans des conditions proches du fonctionnement de cuves d’électrolyse. // Abstract : Measurement of transient solidification fronts and of solidification rate are two important data for controlling industrial processes involving a solid-liquid phase change. In the case of aluminium electrolysis, this solidification process protects the system and affects the energy performance of the manufacturing process. Unfortunately, these data are not easy to obtain in most cases. This thesis focuses on the development of new tools for the study and on the solidification characterization of phase change materials at high temperature. The goal is to develop a nondestructive solidification front measurement system for phase change materials without disturbing the measurement medium, while ensuring accuracy and a fast enough response time to exploit new control strategies in electrolysis cells. This work couples a fundamental experimental study of the cryolite solidification with numerical modeling of solid-liquid phase change phenomenon under conditions close to those during normal operation of electrolytic cells.

Recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of trauma are a hallmark symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The term ‘flashback’ is used in this thesis to refer to vivid, sensory perceptual (predominantly visual images), emotional memories from a traumatic event that intrude involuntarily into consciousness. Furthermore, intrusive image based memories occur in a number of other psychological disorders, for example, bipolar disorder and depression. Clinically, the presence and occurrence of flashbacks and flashback type memories are well documented. However, in terms of the neural underpinnings there is limited understanding of how such flashback memories are formed or later involuntarily recalled. An experimental psychopathology approach is taken whereby flashbacks are viewed on a continuum with other involuntary autobiographical memories and are studied using analogue emotional events in the laboratory. An initial review develops a heuristic clinical neuroscience framework for understanding flashback memories. It is proposed that flashbacks consistent of five component parts – mental imagery, autobiographical memory, involuntary recall, attention hijacking and negative emotion. Combining knowledge of the component parts helped provide a guiding framework, at both a neural and behavioural level, into how flashback memories may be formed and how they return to mind unbidden. Four studies (1 neuroimaging, 3 behavioural) using emotional film paradigms were conducted. In the first study, the trauma film paradigm was combined with neuroimaging (n = 35) to investigate the neural basis of both the encoding and the involuntary recall of flashback memories. Results provided a first replication of a specific pattern of brain activation at the encoding of memories that later returned as flashbacks. This included elevation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex, insula, thalamus, ventral occipital cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus (during just the encoding of scenes that returned as flashbacks) alongside suppressed activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (during the encoding of scenes that returned as flashbacks in other participants, but not that individual). Critically, this is also the first study to show the brain activation at the moment of flashback involuntary recall in the scanner. Activation in the middle and superior frontal gyri and the left inferior frontal gyrus was found to be associated with flashback involuntary recall. In the second study, control conditions from 16 behavioural trauma film paradigm experiments were combined (n = 458) to investigate commonly studied factors that may be protective against flashback development. Results indicated that low emotional response to the traumatic film footage was associated with an absence of flashbacks over the following week. The third study used a positive film to consider the emotional valence of the emotion component of the framework. Positive emotional response at the time of viewing the footage was associated with positive involuntary memories over the following week. The fourth study aimed to replicate and extend this finding, comparing the impact of engaging in two cognitive tasks after film viewing (equated for general load). Predictions were not supported and methodological considerations are discussed. Results may have implications for understanding flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories occurring in everyday life and across psychological disorders. Further understanding of the proposed components of the clinical neuroscience framework may even help inform targeted treatments to prevent, or lessen, the formation and frequency of distressing involuntary memories.

Na América do Sul, o Cráton Amazônico representa um componente essencial nas reconstruções de supercontinentes, entretanto, há uma grande escassez de dados paleomagnéticos de qualidade para esta unidade geotectônica, principalmente, para o Proterozóico. Com o intuito de esclarecer a participação do Cráton Amazônico na evolução do ciclo continental, este trabalho apresenta um estudo paleomagnético realizado em quatro unidades geológicas Paleo- a Mesoproterozóicas pertencentes ao Cráton Amazônico. As unidades escolhidas para este estudo foram às rochas vulcânicas do Grupo Surumu (1980-1960 Ma, U-Pb), as soleiras máficas Avanavero (ca. 1780 Ma, U-Pb) ambas situadas no norte do Estado de Roraima (Escudo das Guianas), os enxames de diques Nova Guarita e a intrusiva máfica Guadalupe ambas localizadas no norte do Estado do Mato Grosso (Escudo Brasil-Central). Determinações 40Ar/39Ar realizadas em biotitas de quatro diques de Nova Guarita mostraram resultados coerentes, fornecendo uma idade média de 1418,5 ± 3,5 Ma para a época de intrusão dos diques. Idades U-Pb obtidas em rochas da intrusiva máfica Guadalupe indicam uma idade mínima de 1530 Ma para estas amostras. As análises paleomagnéticas realizadas em mais de 1100 espécimes de rocha através dos tratamentos térmicos e por campos magnéticos alternados revelaram direções características coerentes para as quatro unidades de rochas estudadas: (1) as rochas do Grupo Surumu apresentaram direções noroeste com inclinações positivas. Foi calculada uma direção média Dm = 298,6°, Im = 39,4° (N = 20, alfa95 = 10,1°, K = 11,4), a qual foi interpretada como sendo de origem primária; (2) as rochas máficas Avanavero apresentaram direções sudeste com inclinações positivas/negativas baixas, sendo determinada uma direção média Dm = 135,6°, Im = -2,1° (N = 10, alfa95 = 15,9°, K = 10,2°). Um teste de contato cozido realizado para um dos sítios amostrados atesta o caráter primário da magnetização remanente isolada, a qual foi adquirida pelas rochas há ca.1780 Ma atrás; (3) os diques máficos Nova Guarita apresentaram polaridades reversas e normais, tendo sido isoladas direções sul/sudoeste com inclinações positivas e nordeste com inclinações negativas. Um teste de contato cozido positivo foi obtido para um dique que intrude o Granito Matupá, o qual confirma que a magnetização remanente (Dm = 220,5°, Im = 45,9°, N = 19, alfa95 = 6,5°, K = 27,7) isolada para estas rochas corresponde a uma magnetização termorremanente adquirida durante a formação da rocha há ca. 1419 Ma atrás; (4) rochas pertencentes a Intrusiva Máfica Guadalupe também apresentaram polaridades reversas e normais. Direções noroeste/nordeste com inclinações positivas ou sul/sudeste com inclinações negativas foram isoladas para estas rochas, para as quais foi calculada a direção média Dm = 356,6°, Im = 59,4°, (N = 10, alfa95 = 10,2°, K = 23,2). A idade desta componente, entretanto, ainda não está bem estabelecida, podendo representar uma remagnetização adquirida durante o evento Brasiliano, já que ela é similar às magnetizações adquiridas há 520 Ma, presentes em formações geológicas do Cráton Amazônico e do Cráton do São Francisco. A caracterização da mineralogia magnética de todas as amostras investigadas foi obtida através de curvas termomagnéticas, curvas de histerese e curvas de magnetização remanente isotérmica. Quatro pólos paleomagnéticos para o Cráton Amazônico foram determinados para estas componentes, os quais estão localizados em 234,8° E, 27,4°N (A95=9,8°) (pólo GS, Grupo Surumu), 27,5°E, -45,8°N (A95=11,5°) (pólo AV, Avanavero), 245,9°E, -47,9°N (A95=7,0°) (pólo NG, Nova Guarita) e 306,2°E, 38,9°N (A95=13,7°) (pólo GUA, Guadalupe). Os resultados paleomagnéticos obtidos para as rochas Surumu (pólo GS) contribuíram para um melhor ajuste da curva de deriva polar aparente (CDPA) para o Escudo das Guianas durante o Paleoproterozóico (2070-1960 Ma). A comparação desta CDPA com a construída para o Cráton Oeste-África para o mesmo período de tempo sugere que estes blocos cratônicos estavam unidos há 1970-2000 Ma atrás, em uma paleogeografia em que as zonas de cisalhamento Guri, no Escudo das Guianas, e Sassandra, no Cráton Oeste-África estavam alinhadas como sugerido em modelos anteriores. O pólo Avanavero de 1780 Ma é consistente com a paleogeografia do supercontinente Columbia em que o proto-Cráton Amazônico e a Báltica estavam unidos como no modelo SAMBA (South America-Baltica) proposto anteriormente com base em evidências geológicas. No cenário proposto aqui para o Supercontinente Columbia há 1780 Ma atrás, o Cráton Oeste-África estava unido ao proto-Cráton Amazônico na mesma configuração sugerida pelos dados paleomagnéticos de 1790-2000 Ma. O atual lado leste da Laurentia estava unido ao norte (atual) da Báltica. A Sibéria estava unida com a atual costa Ártica da Laurentia e a proto-Austrália, com a atual costa oeste da Laurentia, em posição similar ao modelo SWEAT. Embora os dados paleomagnéticos disponíveis para o Cráton Norte da China e Índia indiquem paleolatitudes equatorias para estes dois blocos, nesta época, suas posições no supercontinente Columbia são ainda incertas. No modelo do Columbia apresentado neste trabalho, o Norte da China foi colocado ao lado da Sibéria e a Índia, ao lado da proto-Austrália, em decorrência de evidências geológicas. Outros blocos cratônicos, tais como, Congo-São Francisco, Kalahari e Rio de La Plata não foram incluídos, pela ausência de pólos paleomagnéticos desta idade. Os dados paleomagnéticos atualmente existentes para a Báltica e a Laurentia mostram que estes dois blocos continentais permaneceram unidos desde 1830 Ma até, pelo menos, 1270 Ma atrás. Já o pólo paleomagnético obtido para os diques Nova Guarita de 1419 Ma e o pólo de mesma idade, recentemente obtido para a Intrusiva Indiavaí, quando comparados com pólos de mesma idade da Báltica e da Laurentia, sugerem que o proto-Craton Amazônico já havia iniciado sua ruptura no Supercontinente Columbia nessa época. De modo alternativo, porém, essa diferença na posição dos pólos do proto-Cráton Amazônico e da Báltica/Laurentia, pode ser explicada por movimentos transcorrentes dextrais que teriam ocorrido entre o Escudo das Guianas e a parte sul do Cráton Amazônico em tempos posteriores a 1420 Ma. Neste caso, esta grande massa continental do Supercontinente Columbia, composta pelo proto-Cráton Amazônico, Báltica e Laurentia, pode ter permanecida unida por, pelo menos, 400 Ma. / The Amazonian Craton is an important component in Paleoproterozoic reconstructions, however, paleomagnetic data for this craton are yet scarce. Aiming to decipher the involvement of the Amazonian Craton in the Contiental cycle evolution, paleomagnetic studies were carried out in four Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic geological units. The chosen units are the volcanic rocks from the Surumu Group (1,980-1,960 Ma, U-Pb), the Avanavero mafic sills (ca. 1,780 Ma, U-Pb), both from the northern Roraima State (Guyana Shield), and the Nova Guarita dyke swarm and Guadalupe mafic intrusive, both from the northern Mato Grosso State (Central- Brazil Shield). 40Ar/39Ar determinations on biotites from samples belonging to four Nova Guarita dykes yielded well-defined plateau ages whose mean 1,418.5 ± 3.5 Ma is interpreted as the age of dyke intrusion. U-Pb (SHRIMP) determinations on rocks from the Guadalupe mafic Intrusive indicate a minimum age of 1,530 Ma for this unit. Paleomagnetic analysis performed on more than 1,100 specimens by thermal and alternating magnetic field (AF) treatments revealed stable characteristic remanent magnetizions (ChRM) for all geological units: (1) northwestern directions with positive inclinations were isolated for samples from the Surumu Group (mean: Dm = 298.6°, Im = 39.4°, N = 20, alpha95 = 10.1°, K = 11.4), which were interpreted to be primary. (2) Southeastern directions with low downward/upward inclinations were isolated for the Avanavero rocks, for which a mean direction was calculated: Dm=135.6°, Im = -2.1° (N=10, alpha95 = 15.9°, K = 10.2°). A positive baked contact test attests for the primary origin of this ChRM direction, which was probably acquired at about 1,780 Ma ago; (3) both south/southwestern directions with downward inclinations or northeastern directions with upward inclinations were isolated for the Nova Guarita dykes. A positive baked contact test attests for the primary nature of the ChRM directions (Dm = 220.5°, Im = 45.9°, N=19, alpha95=6.5°, K = 27.7) which most probably correspond to a termo-remanent magnetization (TRM) acquired at ca. 1,419 Ma ago; 10 (4) both northwest/northeastern directions with downward inclinations or outhsoutheastern directions with upward inclinations were isolated for rocks from the Guadalupe intrusive, whose mean direction is: Dm=356.6°, Im=59.4°, (N =10, alpha95=10.2°, K = 23.2). The age of this component is yet uncertain. U-Pb geochronology suggests an age of (or older than) 1,530 Ma for these rocks, however, a remagnetization effect at Cambrian times (520 Ma) cannot be rolled out as these directions are very similar to those found for younger geological units in the Amazonian Craton and Sao Francisco Craton. Four new paleomagnetic poles for the Amazonian Craton were obtained from these magnetic components, which are located at: 234.8°E, 27.4°N (A95=9.8°) (GS pole, Surumu Group), 27.5°E, 45.8°S (A95=11.5°) (AV pole, Avanavero), 245.9°E, 47.9°S (A95=7.0°) (NG pole, Nova Guarita) and 306.2°E, 38.9°N (A95 = 13.7°) (GUA pole, Guadalupe). The 1,960 Ma Surumu pole contributes to better define the APW path traced for the Guyana Shield in the time interval between 2,070 Ma and 1,960 Ma. Comparison of this APW path with that traced for West-Africa Craton for the same time interval suggests that these two cratonic blocks were linked together, in a paleogeography where the Guri (Guyana Shield) and Sassandra (West-Africa Craton) shear zones are aligned, as suggested by previous models. The Avanavero pole is consistent with the proto-Amazonian Craton and Baltica link as in the SAMBA (South America-Baltica) model at ca. 1,780 Ma ago, as previously proposed based on geological evidence. In the scenario proposed here for the Columbia Supercontinent at 1,780 Ma ago, the West-Africa Craton was linked to the proto-Amazonian Craton in the same configuration as suggested by Paleoproterozoic (1,960-2,000 Ma) paleomagnetic data (see above). Actual eastern Laurentia was linked to northern Baltica. Siberia was located at the actual Arctic Coast of Laurentia, and proto-Australia at the western coast of Laurentia, in a position similar to that of SWEAT model. Although available 1,780 Ma paleomagnetic data from North China and India indicate low paleolatitudes for these two blocks, their positions in the supercontinent Columbia are yet uncertain. In our model, North China is located beside Siberia, and India beside proto-Australia, based on geological evidences. Other cratonic blocks, such as Congo-Sao Francisco, Kalahari and Rio de la Plata were not included as no 1,780 Ma paleomagnetic poles are presently available for them. The paleomagnetic poles presently available for Baltica and Laurentia, show that these two blocks remained as a single continental mass since 1,830 Ma up to at least 1,270 Ma. However, the 1,419 Ma Nova Guarita pole and the recently published 1,416 Ma Indiavai pole from the Amazonian Craton, when compared with poles of similar age from Baltica and Laurentia suggest that the proto-Amazonian Craton had already broke-up from the Columbia Supercontinent at that time. Alternatively, the difference in the position of the 1,420 Ma poles from the proto-Amazonian Craton and those from Baltica/Laurentia, may be explained by dextral transcurrent movements between the Guyana Shield and the southern part of the Amazonian Craton at times later than 1,420 Ma. If so, this great continental mass, formed by proto-Amazonian Craton, Baltica and Laurentia may have remained as a single continental block for at least 400 Ma.