Thesis (Ph. D.)--Lehigh University, 2002. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-157).

Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is one of the severe plastic deformation (SPD) to produce ultra-fine grain (UFG) material, and its principle and microstructural developments. The majority of papers on SPD materials have been devoted to the face centered cubic (FCC) structure materials such as Al, Cu and Ni. The UFG of high alloy ECAP processing has been difficult up to now, but we were successful in this study. Fe-20%Cr steel with extremely low C and N has different slip behavior from the FCC. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were investigated in term microstructural evolution during ECAP processing. / 博士(工学) / Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

<p> Levitation melting was used to measure the equilibrium between H2-H2o or CO-C02 gas mixtures and pure Fe or Fe-Cr alloys over the temperature range 1550 - 1750°C. The effects of thermal diffusion on the two types of gases were investigated. First and second order interaction parameters were employed to describe the interaction between oxygen and chromium {up to 25 wt. pct. of Cr.). </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

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The ageing state of the world's nuclear power infrastructure, and the need to reduce humanity s dependency on fossil fuels, requires that this electrical energy generating capacity is replaced. Economic factors, and its physical and chemical properties, make high purity iron-chromium binary alloys a strong candidate for use in the construction of the pressure vessels of the next generation of nuclear reactors. This relatively inexpensive metal retains the oxidation resistance property of so-called stainless steel alloys, and has demonstrated dimensional stability and low degradation under harsh experimental environments of temperature and radiation. In this work, we consider radiation induced interstitial damage to the atomic lattices of iron-chromium binary alloys using the atomistic modelling methods, Molecular Dynamics and Adaptive Kinetic Monte Carlo, simulating collision cascade sequences, and the migration of defects in the aftermath. Variations in chromium content does not effect the initial damage production in terms of the number of Frenkel pairs produced, but iron and chromium atoms are not evenly distributed in defect atoms with respect to the bulk concentration. In simulations conducted at low temperature, chromium is under-represented, and at high temperature, a greater proportion of interstitial atoms are chromium than in the lattice overall. The latter phenomena is most strongly pronounced in systems of low bulk chromium content. During the simulation of post-cascade defect migration, interstitials atoms are observed to form temporary clusters and vacancies align along adjacent lattice sites, with the two types of defect also migrating to annihilate by recombination. Calculating the energy spectra of cascade events corresponding to an example experimental configuration using the SRIM package, we investigated the evolution of lattice systems in which a sequence of multiple cascade events occurred, both with and without a physically representative time gap between events. These simulations gave us the opportunity to observe the behaviour of cascades in the proximity of damage remaining from previous events, such as the promotion of defect clustering when this occurs.

Les cinétiques de décomposition dues à la présence d'une lacune de miscibilité dans le système Fe-Cr sont généralement étudiées dans des alliages Fe-Cr massifs pour lesquels la décomposition se déroule en 3 dimensions. Nous avons étudié les cinétiques de décomposition spinodale dans des couches minces Fe-Cr. Ces couches minces comportent une oscillation de composition de Cr dont le vecteur d'onde est perpendiculaire à la surface de l'échantillon. La décomposition de l'alliage a alors pour conséquence d'augmenter l'amplitude de l'oscillation au cours d'un recuit et donc d'engendrer une décomposition selon une seule dimension. Des échantillons comportant des oscillations de différentes longueurs d'onde ont ainsi été conçus. Des recuits à 500°C sur ces échantillons ont été analysés par sonde atomique tomographique. Ces résultats ont ensuite été comparés à des simulations AKMC et en champ moyen. Des recuits à 500°C d'un échantillon comportant une oscillation de composition d'une longueur d'onde de 22nm ont montré une diminution inattendue de l'amplitude de l'oscillation. Des recuits à 500°C d'un échantillon comportant une oscillation de composition d'une longueur d'onde de 6nm ont montré plusieurs comportements de l'oscillation de composition. En effet, l'oscillation s'est amplifiée par endroits alors qu'elle s'amortie ou encore évolue peu à d'autres. La présence d'O et de joints grains dans les couches minces peuvent rendre compte de ces différents comportements. / Decomposition kinetics due to the presence of a miscibility gap in the Fe-Cr system are generally studied in Fe-Cr bulk alloys for which the decomposition occurs in three dimensions. We studied the spinodal decomposition kinetics in Fe-Cr thins films. These thin films have a Cr composition oscillation whose wave vector is perpendicular to the sample surface. The decomposition of the alloy lead an increase of the oscillation amplitude during annealing and thus generate a decomposition in a single dimension. Samples having different oscillation wavelengths have been designed. Annealing treatments at 500°C of these samples were analyzed by atom probe tomography. These results were then compared to AKMC and mean field simulations. Annealing treatments at 500°C of a sample having a composition oscillation with a 22nm wavelength showed an unexpected decrease in oscillation amplitude. Annealing treatments at 500°C of a sample having a composition oscillation with a 6nm wavelength showed several behavior of the composition oscillation. Indeed, the oscillation amplifies by places while damps or changes very little in other places. The presence of O and grain boundaries in thin films may explain these different behaviors.

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