The primary goal of this dissertation was to examine the crossover effects of an individual's job demands on the perceived health of the spouse. Using a sample of grocery store employees and their partners, crossover relationships were examined for 90 dyads using Structural Equation Modeling. Although the models had good fit, the proposed direct crossover relationships of job demands on health were not supported. Job demands of one partner did not significantly predict health outcomes in the other partner; although follow-up analyses found significant crossover of women's job satisfaction on men's mental health scores. An additional crossover relationship was supported with the finding that crossover of health between spouses (i.e. physical and mental health components of general health) was significant. The second goal of the present dissertation study was to develop a typology of crossover research. All crossover studies to date were reviewed and categorized in a discussion of the proposed typology.

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Job stress is a multidimensional phenomenon. The researcher sought to examine variables that cause vocational teachers to experience stress in their teaching occupations and to evaluate the effects of these related stressors. This research evaluated the relationships between school systems and vocational teacher stress, teacher internal characteristics and vocational teacher stress, and students and vocational teacher stress. It also analyzed vocational teacher stress using a proposed causal model that was developed using the literature on teacher stress as a conceptual framework. The model attempted to examine the linkages that exist among vocational teacher stress, school systems, teacher internal characteristics, and students. Role ambiguity, role conflict, school stress, task stress, supervisory support, nonparticipation, peer support, role overload, and management style were the areas identified in the literature that could be used as indicators of the school systems category. Role preparedness, job satisfaction, life satisfaction, illness symptoms, locus of control, and self esteem were the concepts identified in the literature that could be used as the variables associated with teacher internal characteristics. Class size, student learning, and student behavior were the three areas identified in the literature as student related variables. This study measured vocational teacher stress using the Tennessee Stress Scale-R. It measured the identified stressors using four other instruments: 1) Teacher Stress Measure; 2) Personal Behavior Inventory; 3) Self Esteem Scale; and 4) Classroom Environment Scale. In addition to these measures, demographic information was collected from the respondents. The study was limited to two separate samples of vocational teachers employed in Virginia. The first sample consisted of vocational teachers teaching in five targeted school systems. The second sample of vocational teachers used in this study were randomly selected from state supplied lists. An overall response rate of 65 percent was obtained. Multiple regression and LISREL were used to evaluate the effects of the identified stressors on vocational teacher stress. The three regression models were found to be significant at the .05 level. The LISREL model was found to be successful in explaining approximately 72 percent of the variance in the stress experienced by vocational teachers. Two-sample t-tests were used to compare the two samples of teachers represented in the study. Non-respondent follow-up analyses also were conducted. No significant differences were found. / Ph. D.

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Stress in organizations is a critical phenomenon of our times. Research to date has focused on specific job-related stressors such as role conflict, ambiguity and supervisory relationships utilizing satisfaction and performance as outcome variables. Results have often been ambiguous and non-conclusive. However, a variety of common physiological responses have been found to play a major role in stress reaction and management. Furthermore, numerous studies have demonstrated a moderating effect of exercise on physiological stress responses. This correlational study, based on a hypothetical Interactive Process Model of Stress Correlates, where fitness is the measure of stress, proposed to link stress-related variables with job satisfaction and performance. It was hypothesized that a positive relationship between fitness and performance/satisfaction would emerge. However, analyses of date from sixty-four engineers at a major corporation in Orlando, Florida, found no such relationships. Presented here are a review of pertinent literature, study results and examination of why a relationship between fitness and performance/satisfaction may not be a straightforward as predicted.

Occupational stress is a contemporary phenomenon worthy of study. Inquiry into this problem thus far has been limited to occupations other than those of higher education, and particularly lacking is research and theory in community colleges. Occupational stress can have a detrimental effect on employees, the organizations as a whole, and ultimately, society in general. This research examines the phenomenon of occupational stress among professional community college employees in administrative and instructional roles. Using the grounded theory research technique of Glaser and Strauss, 27 community college personnel across four functional levels were interviewed. Findings identify factors within employees' perception of barriers to fulfillment of role expectation that can affect and contribute to perceived stress stemming from their roles in community colleges. A theoretical framework is developed which focuses on barriers to role fulfillment, factors external to the individual that comprise those barriers, their sources, and the interactions and relationships that result in stress. / Ed. D.

Yes / Based on a literature review, likely, there is a relationship between job stress and safety climate, and in this way, the accident occurrence is affected. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the relations of job stress dimensions to safety climate and accidents occurrence among the workers using regression models. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 1530 male employees in 2019. People were randomly selected from various departments. The participants filled out the questionnaires, including demographical information and accident history questionnaire, the NIOSH generic job stress questionnaire, and the Nordic safety climate questionnaire. In addition, information on occupational experience and accident history was obtained from the health unit of the petrochemical company. In the end, data were analyzed using statistical tests of bivariate correlation, multivariate correlation, and logistic regression. Based on the bivariate analysis, the variables of job satisfaction (0.998), problem at work (0.900), depression (-0.836), and physical environment (-0.796) among the job stress dimensions had the highest correlation coefficients with the total score of the safety climate, respectively. The results of the logistic regression analysis with the adjustment of the effect of the safety climate indicated that the relationships between the dimensions of the job satisfaction (Wald = 6.50, OR = 4.96, and p-value<0.05) and social supports (Wald = 5.88, OR = 3.20, and p-value<0.05) with the accident occurrence were significant. To increase the positive safety climate and decrease the accident occurrence, industries must try to reduce job stress in the workplaces through controlling the important factors, such as low job satisfaction and poor social supports. / This work was supported by Tehran University of Medical Sciences (97-03-61-38355).

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education