Text in Afrikaans / Hierdie verhandeling is 'n poging om 'n teoretiese-prinsipiele uiteensetting te gee omtrent voorvonnisevaluering vanuit 'n penologiese gesigspunt. Met voorvonnisevalueringsverslae word daar gepoog om op 'n sinlike manier beide positiewe en negatiewe elemente van die individuele oortreder se persoonlike- en maatskaplike agtergrond en huidige situasie aan die lig te bring naamlik kenmerke van sy gedragspatrone sowel van sy sterk en swak eienskappe. Die hoofdoel van voorvonnisevalueringsverslae en voorvonnisondersoeke is om regters, landdroste en howe behulpsaam te wees met die bepaling van 'n gepaste en ge"individualiseerde straf. Sonder basiese en deeglike kennis van die oortreder as persoon sal enige verhoorhof in die duister 'n vonnis ople en die kanse vir 'n gepaste straf sal skraal wees. Benewens die wesenlike groei en belangstelling in voorvonnisevelueringsverslae wat deur proefbeamptes of korrektiewe beamptes voorberei word pleit verskeie skrywers vir die gebruikmaking van hierdie evalueringsverslae in die strafregsplegingstelsel veral wat betref jeugdiges, eerste oortreders en ernstige oortreders. / The dissertation will attempt a theoretic fundamental exposition of the role of the presentence evaluation as seen from a penological perspective. With presentence evaluation they attempt to take into consideration the positive as well as the negative elements which are present in the individual's personal and social background for example their day-to-day behaviour. The main purpose of the presentence evaluation report and presentence investigation is to aid the judges, prosecutors and the court in determining a suitable and individualized punishment. Without basic and complete knowledge of the offender as a person the court will not be able to deliver fair judgements and the changes that a suitable punishment will be given is limited. Due to a positive interest in this presentence evaluation report several writers insist of making use of this evaluation report in the criminal law justice system especially where youth, first time offenders and major offenders are concerned. / Penology / M.A. (Penologie)

An analysis of the effects of resocialization programming on juvenile offender resiliency levels was conducted with 220 juveniles committed to a maximum security facility. Data were examined on the subjects' age, race/ethnicity, length of time at the facility, level of resocialization, and resiliency score. The resocialization programming contains cognitive and social components that would be instrumental in augmenting juvenile offender resiliency levels. Analysis of the variables did not show a significant increase in juvenile offender resiliency levels. The results did display that students who were at the facility longer and who were in the older age groups had higher levels of resocialization.

The effectiveness of prevention programs is often assessed by examining program effects of a variety of factors that are known to elevate or reduce risk for delinquent involvement. It is necessary to identify whether differential programming is required for significantly represented offender subpopulations, including those with emotional/behavioral disorders (E/BD) or learning disabilities (LD). This study sought to determine the relevance of specific individual, family, and school-risk factors for delinquency across three categorical subtypes ofjuvenile offenders: (a) those with E/BD, (b) those with LD, and (c) those offenders considered nondisabled.

TAT stories and demographic information of 30 violent and 30 nonviolent juvenile delinquents were obtained. Institutional assessment records at Dallas County Juvenile Department (DCJD) served as the data base for this study. TAT stories and demographic information of 30 violent and 30 nonviolent juvenile delinquents were obtained. Institutional assessment records at Dallas County Juvenile Department (DCJD) served as the data base for this study. Differences with respect to object relations functioning between juveniles charged with two categories of index offenses: property offenses and aggravated assault were examined. Object relations were assessed utilizing a scoring system designed for use with the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). The scoring system encompasses a psychoanalytic perspective and consists of four dimensions representing separate but interrelated aspects of object relations. It was hypothesized that juvenile delinquents who commit violent crimes would exhibit lower object relations functioning as compared to juvenile delinquents who commit nonviolent crimes.

Esta tese discute as possibilidades de exercício da cidadania de adolescentes pobres a partir da análise dos discursos e práticas da liberdade assistida na cidade de São Paulo. A proposta de inclusão na cidadania por meio da liberdade assistida, que é uma medida socioeducativa e, portanto, uma punição aplicada aos adolescentes autores de ato infracional, emerge com a redemocratização do país, nos anos 1980, e a mobilização social em torno da formalização dos direitos das crianças e dos adolescentes. Resultando dessa mobilização, o Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, promulgado em 1990, propõe a liberdade assistida como um espaço possível de garantia de direitos e exercício da cidadania. Porém, as práticas dessa medida, incorporadas recentemente pela política de assistência social, traduzem a garantia de direitos em esquemas formais de intervenção que se apóiam nas relações familiares e na inserção na escola e no mundo do trabalho, desconsiderarando os conflitos e tensões sociais inerentes aos contextos vividos pelos adolescentes. Terminam, assim, por reiterar situações que limitam e inviabilizam o exercício pleno de sua cidadania. / This dissertation discusses the possibilities of effective citizenship experiences among poor adolescents by analyzing the discourses and practices of probation in the city of São Paulo. The proposal of promoting citizenship by probation, which is a rehabilitation measure and also a punishment inflicted on juvenile offenders, emerged together with Brazils re-democratization process, in the 1980s, and the social movements that aimed the formalization of children and adolescents rights. Resulting from these, the Statute of the Child and the Adolescent, published in 1990, proposes probation as a possibility of safeguarding the rights involving citizenship. The practices of probation, recently associated to social policies for the poor, transform the safeguards of rights in formal schemes of intervention that focus on family relations, school education and inclusion in the labor market, regarding less the social conflicts and tensions of the adolescents social context. The effects of these practices are the reassuring of situations that limit the full experience of citizenship.

No description available.

<p>The essay investigates juvenile offenders experiences of the sanction ”ungdomstjänst” and how it may change attitudes towards committing criminal acts. The essay introduces qualitative interviews with four juvenile offenders, which have all executed ”ungdomstjänst”. The juveniles experiences of features that can be a part of the attitude change have been analyzed with a model of the motivation process, called ”Fyra F”, and four elements of persuading, which can affect an attitude change. The result shows that the juveniles experience ”ungdomstjänst” as punishing in varying degree, dependent of the different parts of the sanction. Positive experiences of the sanction include that it gives them an opportunity to see things from a different perspective as well as help to get out on the employment market. The analyze shows that ”ungdomstjänst” contain several aspects of the above model and elements which can affect the juveniles attitude to committing crimes. It also appears certain aspects which could be improved by professionals within “ungdomstjänst” in order to increase the number of opportunities to affect the different types of juvenile offenders that they encounter.</p>

The essay investigates juvenile offenders experiences of the sanction ”ungdomstjänst” and how it may change attitudes towards committing criminal acts. The essay introduces qualitative interviews with four juvenile offenders, which have all executed ”ungdomstjänst”. The juveniles experiences of features that can be a part of the attitude change have been analyzed with a model of the motivation process, called ”Fyra F”, and four elements of persuading, which can affect an attitude change. The result shows that the juveniles experience ”ungdomstjänst” as punishing in varying degree, dependent of the different parts of the sanction. Positive experiences of the sanction include that it gives them an opportunity to see things from a different perspective as well as help to get out on the employment market. The analyze shows that ”ungdomstjänst” contain several aspects of the above model and elements which can affect the juveniles attitude to committing crimes. It also appears certain aspects which could be improved by professionals within “ungdomstjänst” in order to increase the number of opportunities to affect the different types of juvenile offenders that they encounter.

No description available.

The aim of this study is to increase knowledge and understanding regarding which institutional demands can be identified by social welfare secretary’s in their work with juvenile offenders. The study uses organizational theory to try and find different institutional strategies that social workers use to handle such demands. The study takes a qualitative approach and consists of six semi-structural interviews with social welfare secretary’s who work with juvenile offenders.The results of the study show how institutional influence comes from various organizations and institutions such as media, legislation as well as the police and justice system. Results also show that a wide range of strategies are used in coping with these demands. The strategies are identified from organizational theory as buffering and bridging strategies.The study’s conclusions show a conflict between what should be the social workers main focus in their work, welfare or justice. It identifies two separate paths social welfare secretary’s take in coping with institutional demands. One leans more towards welfare while the other is more justice oriented. It also shows that cooperation with other organizations in the same field seems to be a possible solution to the conflict.