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541	[en] ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT BRAZILIAN NAVY LOGISTIC STRUCTURE, RELATED THE SPARE PARTS, DUE THE CHALLENGES ARISING FROM THE INCORPORATION OF THE NEW SUBMARINES / [pt] ANÁLISE DA ATUAL ESTRUTURA LOGÍSTICA DA MARINHA DO BRASIL, RELACIONADA AOS SOBRESSALENTES, FRENTE AOS DESAFIOS DECORRENTES DA INCORPORAÇÃO DOS NOVOS SUBMARINOS MARCELO REIS BEZERRA 11 February 2016 (has links) [pt] A Marinha do Brasil presta o seu apoio logístico em cenários, por vezes, inóspitos, a partir de uma rede logística que, na sua origem, formou-se com base em conceitos e necessidades operativas, podendo também conviver com ineficiências e acomodações pela falta de concorrentes. Em 2008, fruto de uma decisão política e estratégica, dentro do contexto das relações internacionais no qual o Brasil está inserido, iniciou-se o processo de aquisição de novos submarinos convencionais (S-BR) e o apoio à elaboração do projeto e construção de um submarino nuclear (SN-BR), que se constitui no mais complexo e significativo projeto conduzido pela Marinha nos últimos tempos. Não obstante a importância desse projeto, estaria a cadeia de suprimento de sobressalentes (CSS) da Marinha pronta para prestar o devido apoio logístico ao novo meio operativo? O atual desenho de rede da Marinha atende as necessidades deste apoio? Qual o atual estágio de desenvolvimento da CSS e como promover uma maior integração dessa rede, com vistas a um melhor gerenciamento? Em meio a poucos estudos sobre o assunto e uma significativa carência de informações, o presente trabalho apresenta respostas a essas e outras questões correlatas, que se mostram cada vez mais prementes, diante da previsão de início dos testes de mar do primeiro submarino já 2017. Indubitavelmente, a Marinha é reconhecida pela sua grande capacidade de organização e pelo comprometimento de seus profissionais, mas serão necessárias algumas ações a mais para vencer este enorme desafio logístico. / [en] The Brazilian Navy provides logistics support in areas, sometimes inhospitable, using a logistics network that, in its origin, was formed on the basis of military concepts and needs, and, sometimes coexisting with inefficiencies and without competitors. In 2008, the result of a political and strategic decision, in a context of international relations in which Brazil is inserted, began the process of acquiring new Brazilian hunter-killer Submarine (SSK) and the support for design and construction of the Brazilian Nuclear-Powered Attack Submarine (SSN), which constitutes the most complex and significant Navy project in recent times. Despite the importance of this project, the Navy spare parts supply chain (SSC) would able to provide the appropriate logistics support for the new submarines? The current Navy network design meets the needs of this support? What is the current development stage of SSC and how to upgrade the integration of this network for improve the SCM? Few studies about this subject exist and a significant lack of information, therefore, this presents answers to these and other related issues that are becoming increasingly pressing, given the early prediction of sea tests of the first SSK submarine in 2017. Undoubtedly, the Navy is known to be a great organizational due to her organizational skills and the commitment of its seamen, but this project will require a little more to overcome this huge logistical challenge. [pt] LOGISTICA [pt] SUBMARINO NUCLEAR - SN-BR [pt] SUBMARINO CONVENCIONAL - S-BR [pt] SISTEMA DE APOIO LOGISTICO [pt] SOBRESSALENTES [pt] MARINHA DO BRASIL [en] LOGISTICS [en] LOGISTIC SUPPORT SYSTEM [en] SPARE PARTS [en] BRAZILIAN NAVY [en] SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT
542	Hat die Belastung gestillter Kinder mit persistenten organischen Schadstoffen Einfluss auf natürliche Killerzellen? Husain, Ralf 14 July 2004 (has links) Gestillte Kinder sind über die Muttermilch mit persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs) belastet. Tierexperimentelle Studien deuten auf eine besondere Empfindlichkeit des sich entwickelnden Immunsystems für POPs hin. Mögliche Effekte dieser Verbindungen auf den kindlichen Organismus sind bisher kaum untersucht. Es wurden potenzielle Einflüsse verschiedener POPs (PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, beta-HCH, HCB und pp-DDE) auf natürliche Killerzellen (NK-Zellen) und NK-Aktivität bei gestillten im Vergleich zu nicht gestillten Kindern untersucht. NK-Zellen sind eine Lymphozytensubpopulation (CD3-CD56/16+), die über ihre zytotoxische Aktivität allogene, virusinfizierte und maligne Zellen ohne vorherige Sensibilisierung töten kann. Es wurden 66 gesunde Kinder im Alter von 11-12 Monaten untersucht, davon waren 50 Kinder mindestens 4 Monate lang voll gestillt und 16 Kinder nicht gestillt. Aus einer Region mit bekannter erhöhter PCDD/PCDF-Belastung stammten 13 gestillte Kinder. Die NK-Zellzahlen wurden mittels Immunphänotypisierung am Durchflusszytometer bestimmt. Die Aktivität der NK-Zellen wurde mit einem nicht-radioaktiven, durchflusszytometrischen Zytotoxizitäts-Assay gemessen. Die POP-Konzentrationen im Blutfett der Probanden wurden kommerziell bestimmt. Weder bei den NK-Zellzahlen, noch bei der NK-Aktivität konnten zwischen den gestillten und nicht-gestillten Kindern signifikante Unterschiede im t-Test nachgewiesen werden. In Korrelationsanalysen zeigten sich keine signifikanten Einflüsse der POP-Konzentrationen auf NK-Zellzahlen und NK-Aktivität. Im Laufe der Untersuchung zeigte sich, dass der eingesetzte Zytotoxizitäts-Assay nur semiquantitative Daten lieferte. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse und weitere Befunde bezüglich des Immunsystems der Probanden weisen darauf hin, dass die relativ hohe Belastung lange gestillter Säuglinge mit POPs nicht zu einer biologischen Wirkung im kindlichen Organismus führt. Angesichts der nachgewiesenen positiven Effekte des Stillens, kann diesbezüglich die bestehende Stillempfehlung bekräftigt werden. / Breast-fed infants are exposed to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) via breast milk. Animal studies indicate a special sensitivity of the maturing immune system to POPs. Possible effects of these compounds on the infantile organism are so far barely examined. Potential influences of several POPs (PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, beta-HCH, HCB and pp-DDE) on natural killer (NK) cells and NK activity of breast-fed infants in comparison to formula-fed infants were investigated. NK cells are a subset of lymphocytes (CD3-CD56/16+) that can kill allogeneic, virus-infected and malignant cells via their cytotoxic activity without prior sensitization. The study group consisted of 66 healthy infants examined at age 11 to 12 months, of which 50 infants were breast-fed and 16 infants were formula-fed. 13 breast-fed infants came from a region with known increased PCDD/PCDF-burden. Numbers of NK cells were measured by flow cytometric immunophenotyping. NK activity was analysed by a non-radioactive flow cytometric cytotoxicity assay. POP concentrations in the blood fat of the probands were calculated commercially. There were no significant differences between breast-fed and formula-fed infants concerning number and activity of NK cells in the t-test. Analysis of correlation showed no significant influences of POP concentrations on the number and activity of NK cells. In the course of the study the data obtained by the employed cytotoxicity assay proved to be only semiquantitative. The presented findings and further results concerning the immune system of the study subjects suggest that the relatively high burden of long-term breast-fed infants with POPs does not lead to a biological effect in the infantile organism. Regarding the proven positive effects of breast-feeding the existing recommendation to breastfeed can be encouraged. Natürliche Killerzellen NK-Aktivität gestillte Kinder Durchflusszytometrie Zytotoxizitäts-Assay Natural killer cells NK activity persistent organic pollutants (POPs) breast-fed infants flow cytometry cytotoxicity assay 610 Medizin und Gesundheit 33 Medizin XG 4404 YB 3604 YM 7504 YT 2204 ddc:610
543	Riglyne vir die psigoterapeutiese hantering van die vigslyer en sy gesin Du Toit, Jacoba Johanna 06 1900 (has links) Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Vigs is 'n "sluipende moordenaar "_ Dit toon geen respek vir kultuur, status,ouderdom of geslag nie. Vigs veroorsaak 'n onnnatuurlike dood wat vriende en familie bedreig en vervreem, lank na die dood van die vigsslagoffer. Die navorsingsdoel van hierdie studie was om riglyne daar te stel vir die psigoterapeutiese hantering van die vigslyer en sy gesin. Die navorsing het getoon dat 'n stigma en skuldgevoelens rondom die vigslyer en sy gesin ontstaan het, en dat hulle direk verantwoordelik gehou word vir die siekte bloot omdat hulle betrokke is by mekaar. 'n Vraelys wat aspekte (soos dit uit die literatuurstudie geblyk het) inkorporeer, is opgestel en aan die vigslyer en sy gesin gegee om te voltooi. Van die belangrikste elemente wat na vore gekom het, is die vrees vir die onbekende, die stigma verbonde aan die siekte en die pad wat die siekte loop ten opsigte van naiwiteit en valse gerugte ten opsigte van die siekte. 'n Verdere hoofstuk fokus op die literatuur om die hoofaspekte van die probleem vas le stel, en sodoende riglyne vir 'n terapieprogram daar te stel om die vrese te onderskep en die familie te help om die siekte beter te begryp_ Die doel is om die samelewing te laat begryp dat vigs nie 'n kulturele of "klas" siekte is nie, maar dat dit alle lae van die samelewing kan tref. 'n Afdeling is gewy aan 'n wye verskeidenheid terapeutiese tegnieke wat geimplimenteer kan word tydens hulpverlening aan die vigslyer en sy gesinslede. Verder verskaf hierdie studie ook riglyne om ondersteuning en hulp aan die vigslyer en sy gesin te bied, om sodoende hulle selfkonsep te verbeter. / Aids is a "stalking killer''. It has no respect for culture, breeding, age or sex. It is an unnatural death which offends and alienates many friends and family, even after the victim has died. A questionnaire incorporating important aspects of the cause and effect of aids was compiled and given to the aids sufferers and family to complete. From the responses it was clearly evident that the fears of the unknown, the stigma attached to the victim's close associates and family, was a problem, and the route course of incredible naive and false rumours. A chapter of the research focused on literature to establish what was the major aspects of the problem expressed by the media. Guidelines were provided whereby therapy could address and allay these fears to assist the family to better understand the illness and it's effects. This chapter has in mind to provide the Psychologist with guidelines to provide therapy to both the victim and the family in this regard. This study confirms that the survivors are the actual victims. / Educational studies / M.Ed. (Voorligting) Stalking killer Life threatening illness Emotional trauma Symptomatic deterioration Stigmatisation Self actualisation Support Strategy Human immunity - Deficiency virus Acquired Immune - Deficiency Syndrome Survivor and denial 362.1969792 AIDS (Disease) -- Social aspects Family psychotherapy Psychotherapy AIDS (Disease) -- Psychotherapy AIDS (Disease) -- Psychology Post-traumatic stress disorder Stigma (Social psychology) Terminally ill -- Family relationships Terminally ill -- Psychology Chronically ill -- Family relationships Chronically ill -- Psychology Helping behavior Self-actualization (Psychology)
544	Early events leading to the host protective Th2 immune response to an intestinal nematode parasite / Pesce, John Thomas. January 2005 (has links) (PDF) Thesis (Ph. D.)--Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 2005. / Typescript (photocopy).
545	Riglyne vir die psigoterapeutiese hantering van die vigslyer en sy gesin Du Toit, Jacoba Johanna 06 1900 (has links) Text in Afrikaans / Summaries in Afrikaans and English / Vigs is 'n "sluipende moordenaar "_ Dit toon geen respek vir kultuur, status,ouderdom of geslag nie. Vigs veroorsaak 'n onnnatuurlike dood wat vriende en familie bedreig en vervreem, lank na die dood van die vigsslagoffer. Die navorsingsdoel van hierdie studie was om riglyne daar te stel vir die psigoterapeutiese hantering van die vigslyer en sy gesin. Die navorsing het getoon dat 'n stigma en skuldgevoelens rondom die vigslyer en sy gesin ontstaan het, en dat hulle direk verantwoordelik gehou word vir die siekte bloot omdat hulle betrokke is by mekaar. 'n Vraelys wat aspekte (soos dit uit die literatuurstudie geblyk het) inkorporeer, is opgestel en aan die vigslyer en sy gesin gegee om te voltooi. Van die belangrikste elemente wat na vore gekom het, is die vrees vir die onbekende, die stigma verbonde aan die siekte en die pad wat die siekte loop ten opsigte van naiwiteit en valse gerugte ten opsigte van die siekte. 'n Verdere hoofstuk fokus op die literatuur om die hoofaspekte van die probleem vas le stel, en sodoende riglyne vir 'n terapieprogram daar te stel om die vrese te onderskep en die familie te help om die siekte beter te begryp_ Die doel is om die samelewing te laat begryp dat vigs nie 'n kulturele of "klas" siekte is nie, maar dat dit alle lae van die samelewing kan tref. 'n Afdeling is gewy aan 'n wye verskeidenheid terapeutiese tegnieke wat geimplimenteer kan word tydens hulpverlening aan die vigslyer en sy gesinslede. Verder verskaf hierdie studie ook riglyne om ondersteuning en hulp aan die vigslyer en sy gesin te bied, om sodoende hulle selfkonsep te verbeter. / Aids is a "stalking killer''. It has no respect for culture, breeding, age or sex. It is an unnatural death which offends and alienates many friends and family, even after the victim has died. A questionnaire incorporating important aspects of the cause and effect of aids was compiled and given to the aids sufferers and family to complete. From the responses it was clearly evident that the fears of the unknown, the stigma attached to the victim's close associates and family, was a problem, and the route course of incredible naive and false rumours. A chapter of the research focused on literature to establish what was the major aspects of the problem expressed by the media. Guidelines were provided whereby therapy could address and allay these fears to assist the family to better understand the illness and it's effects. This chapter has in mind to provide the Psychologist with guidelines to provide therapy to both the victim and the family in this regard. This study confirms that the survivors are the actual victims. / Educational studies / M.Ed. (Voorligting) Stalking killer Life threatening illness Emotional trauma Symptomatic deterioration Stigmatisation Self actualisation Support Strategy Human immunity - Deficiency virus Acquired Immune - Deficiency Syndrome Survivor and denial 362.1969792 AIDS (Disease) -- Social aspects Family psychotherapy Psychotherapy AIDS (Disease) -- Psychotherapy AIDS (Disease) -- Psychology Post-traumatic stress disorder Stigma (Social psychology) Terminally ill -- Family relationships Terminally ill -- Psychology Chronically ill -- Family relationships Chronically ill -- Psychology Helping behavior Self-actualization (Psychology)
546	Analysis and Reconstruction of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Tree: A Linear Programming Approach for Gene Selection Ghadie, Mohamed A. January 2015 (has links) Stem cells differentiate through an organized hierarchy of intermediate cell types to terminally differentiated cell types. This process is largely guided by master transcriptional regulators, but it also depends on the expression of many other types of genes. The discrete cell types in the differentiation hierarchy are often identified based on the expression or non-expression of certain marker genes. Historically, these have often been various cell-surface proteins, which are fairly easy to assay biochemically but are not necessarily causative of the cell type, in the sense of being master transcriptional regulators. This raises important questions about how gene expression across the whole genome controls or reflects cell state, and in particular, differentiation hierarchies. Traditional approaches to understanding gene expression patterns across multiple conditions, such as principal components analysis or K-means clustering, can group cell types based on gene expression, but they do so without knowledge of the differentiation hierarchy. Hierarchical clustering and maximization of parsimony can organize the cell types into a tree, but in general this tree is different from the differentiation hierarchy. Using hematopoietic differentiation as an example, we demonstrate how many genes other than marker genes are able to discriminate between different branches of the differentiation tree by proposing two models for detecting genes that are up-regulated or down-regulated in distinct lineages. We then propose a novel approach to solving the following problem: Given the differentiation hierarchy and gene expression data at each node, construct a weighted Euclidean distance metric such that the minimum spanning tree with respect to that metric is precisely the given differentiation hierarchy. We provide a set of linear constraints that are provably sufficient for the desired construction and a linear programming framework to identify sparse sets of weights, effectively identifying genes that are most relevant for discriminating different parts of the tree. We apply our method to microarray gene expression data describing 38 cell types in the hematopoiesis hierarchy, constructing a sparse weighted Euclidean metric that uses just 175 genes. These 175 genes are different than the marker genes that were used to identify the 38 cell types, hence offering a novel alternative way of discriminating different branches of the tree. A DAVID functional annotation analysis shows that the 175 genes reflect major processes and pathways active in different parts of the tree. However, we find that there are many alternative sets of weights that satisfy the linear constraints. Thus, in the style of random-forest training, we also construct metrics based on random subsets of the genes and compare them to the metric of 175 genes. Our results show that the 175 genes frequently appear in the random metrics, implicating their significance from an empirical point of view as well. Finally, we show how our linear programming method is able to identify columns that were selected to build minimum spanning trees on the nodes of random variable-size matrices. Linear Programming Distance Metric Learning Machine Learning Feature Selection Tree Reconstruction Hierarchical Clustering Minimum Spanning Tree Clustering Optimization Maximum Parsimony Euclidean Distance Weighted Euclidean Stem Cell Differentiation Hematopoiesis Transcriptional Regulation Transcription Factor Gene Selection Gene Expression Microarray Cell Type Marker Gene Functional Annotation Random Forest Biological Function Regulation Statistical Significance Erythropoiesis Natural Killer Cell T Cell B Cell Granulocyte Monocyte Megakaryocyte Minimization Linear Constraint Cell Lineage
547	How to Prepare for Death Lind Färnstrand, Izabel January 2019 (has links) Abstract of Master essay - 10 HP Izabel Lind Färnstrand Mentor: Emma Kihl Examinator: Sigrid Sandström How to Prepare for Death In this essay I dwell into the failures of our moral senses in relation to the concept of death. How does modern death culture affect our way of life and our ability to take responsibility for the life and death of others? These questions are formed by these current times and affect both my art practice and my everyday life. When facing death within my family it occur- red to me that my and my family’s relationship to death is failing us. I have become frustra- ted with the fear and silence that seems too natural to my surrounding. Not being able to talk about a part of life that is inevitable seems irrational. It became clear when the lack of under- standing and acceptance of death caused relatives an immense suffering. The struggle seemed unnessesary and urged me to try to understand more, based on their deaths. Seeing how very different the experience of dying can be made me wonder what makes a ”good” death possible for some and others not. From there my interest in the topic death culture and fear emerged, and this essay touches on this in a variety of aspects. I use my personal experiences in combina- tion with thoughts of others to talk of layers of these issues through my artistic practice. This personal method is my way of trying to structure a thinking – in a way that I can use and make sense of it – with a varied level of success. I feel it is important to note that I don’t claim to have any answes. This essay is more an attempt to pose questions around human behaviour. Even though many of these ques- tions have been asked over and over again, throughout different times, I believe it is impor- tant to ask them again and again. As long as the Human is part and violently effecting this suffering world. Many of the thoughts in this essay are based on fragments of ideas by Judith Butler, espe- cielly from her book Frames of War: When is Life Grievable? (2009). I also reference Caitlin Doughty’s From Here to Eternity: Traveling the World to Find the Good Death (2017) and and Sogyal Rinpoche The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying (1992). The themes gathered that I try to make use of in this essay and in my artistic practice are purpose, fear, death, health, happiness, narcissim and resposibility. / Abstract of Artistic work How to Prepare for Death @ Galleri Mejan, Exercisplan 3, october 2019 Media: Spatial installation with a performance (1 h) Materials: Clay, plaster, metal & red plastic film How to Prepare for Death is a spatial installation in one of the gallery rooms of Galleri Mejan. The work includes the whole space of the area, such as the floor and the walls. You step into an altered reality, where the floor is covered with clay that is cracking increasingly over time and windows that are tinted red so that the air you breath seems red. When you enter your eyes need to adjust and after a while it is rather the outside that seems colored, neon green - the complementary color of red. From the clay there are metal rods sticking out vertically, with plaster sculptures at the end. These sculptures are broken, and resemble body parts with a medical aesthetics. Similar sculptures come out from the walls, like fragile fragments of something that used to be. When you walk around the sculptures the clay crackle under your feet, and crumble into smaller pieces and dust. It is constructed as an ambivalent experience of nothingness, emptiness, ”afterness” and a sanctuary of thoughts. My questions about life and death drive me to investigate how to create spaces for these subjects to feel present, so that we can face our fears. Arts Konst Visual Arts Bildkonst
548	Vaccinia Virus Binding and Infection of Primary Human Leukocytes Byrd, Daniel James January 2014 (has links) Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Vaccinia virus (VV) is the prototypical member of the orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family, and is currently being evaluated as a vector for vaccine development and cancer cell-targeting therapy. Despite the importance of studying poxvirus effects on the human immune system, reports of the direct interactions between poxviruses and primary human leukocytes (PHLs) are limited. We studied the specific molecular events that determine the VV tropism for major PHL subsets including monocytes, B cells, neutrophils, NK cells, and T cells. We found that VV exhibited an extremely strong bias towards binding and infecting monocytes among PHLs. VV binding strongly co-localized with lipid rafts on the surface of these cell types, even when lipid rafts were relocated to the cell uropods upon cell polarization. In humans, monocytic and professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) have so far only been reported to exhibit abortive infections with VV. We found that monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), including granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-polarized M1 and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-polarized M2, were permissive to VV replication. The majority of virions produced in MDMs were extracellular enveloped virions (EEV). Visualization of infected MDMs revealed the formation of VV factories, actin tails, virion-associated branching structures and cell linkages, indicating that infected MDMs are able to initiate de novo synthesis of viral DNA and promote virus release. Classical activation of MDMs by LPS plus IFN-γ stimulation caused no effect on VV replication, whereas alternative activation of MDMs by IL-10 or LPS plus IL-1β treatment significantly decreased VV production. The IL-10-mediated suppression of VV replication was largely due to STAT3 activation, as a STAT3 inhibitor restored virus production to levels observed without IL-10 stimulation. In conclusion, our data indicate that PHL subsets express and share VV protein receptors enriched in lipid rafts. We also demonstrate that primary human macrophages are permissive to VV replication. After infection, MDMs produced EEV for long-range dissemination and also form structures associated with virions which may contribute to cell-cell spread. Vaccinia virus Virus binding Primary human leukocytes Macrophages Orthopoxviruses -- Research -- Analysis Recombinant poxviruses -- Research Viral vaccines -- Research Leucocytes -- Physiology Neutrophils -- Immunology -- Research B cells -- Immunology -- Research T cells -- Immunology -- Research Killer cells -- Immunology -- Research Immunospecificity -- Research Host-virus relationships -- Pathogenesis Virus diseases -- Pathogenesis
549	Confronting eternity : strange (im)mortalities, and states of undying in popular fiction. Bacon, Edwin Bruce January 2014 (has links) When the meritless scrabble for the bauble of deity, they ironically set their human lives at the “pin’s fee” to which Shakespeare’s Hamlet refers. This thesis focuses on these undeserving individuals in premillennial and postmillennial fiction, who seek immortality at the expense of both their humanities, and their natural mortalities. I will analyse an array of popular modern characters, paying particular attention to the precursors of immortal personages. I will inaugurate these analyses with an examination of fan favourite series Immortality Undeath Undying Magic Science Pseudoscience Life Death Eternity God Alchemy Phoenix Popular Fiction Pop Culture William Shakespeare Hamlet Doctor Who The Doctor The Master Buffy the Vampire Slayer Gulliver's Travels Struldbrugg Jonathan Swift Sherlock Holmes Moriarty Arthur Conan Doyle Merlin The Once and Future King T.H. White The Mask Batman The Joker Scream Ghostface Saw The Jigsaw Killer Hanz Lungwitz Breaking Bad Walter White Heroes Sylar A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man James Joyce The Picture of Dorian Gray Oscar Wilde Emily Dickinson Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel Roger Ebert Judith Butler J.R.R Tolkien Dylan Thomas Robert Louis Stevenson

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