Soient U un groupe de Lie compact et K un sous groupe fermé de U tel que l'espace homogène U/K soit un espace symétrique compact. On applique la quantification géométrique au fibré cotangent de U/K pour lequel on a deux choix naturels pour une polarisation, la polarisation verticale et holomorphe. La quantification géométrique nous donne un espace hilbertien de fonctions sur U/K et un espace hilbertien de fonctions holomorphes sur le cotangent qui s'identifie avec le complexifié U^C/K^C. On obtient le couplage BKS entre ces deux espaces ce qui nous donne (en théorie) la transformée BKS entre ces deux espaces. Pour étudier l'unitarité de cette transformée BKS on utilise en particulier la théorie des représentations unitaires des groupes de Lie compacts pour réduire le problème à une question qui ne fait intervenir que les fonctions sphériques. L'unicité des fonctions sphériques pour une représentation donnée simplifie grandement le problème. On applique notre méthode aux groupes de Lie compacts en les considérant comme étant un espace symétrique compact en prenant U=K x K et K=diag(K). En utilisant la formule des caractères de Kirillov notre méthode permet de redémontrer (c'est une variante de la preuve de Huebschmann) que la transformée BKS pour les groupes de Lie compact est unitaire. Par la même méthode on montre aussi que la transformée BKS n'est pas unitaire pour un espace symétrique compact arbitraire. Comme contre exemple, on donne la 5-sphère S^5 vue comme un espace symétrique en prenant S^5=SO(6)/SO(5). D'autre part, quand on introduit le paramètre hbar suggéré par la physique, on montre que la transformée de BKS est asymptotiquement unitaire pour tous les espaces symétriques compacts dans la limite hbar --> 0. / Let U be a compact Lie group and K a closed subgroup such that the quotient space U/K is a compact symmetric space. We apply geometric quantization to the cotangent bundle of U/K, for which we have two natural choices for a polarization: the vertical polarization and the holomorphic polarization. Geometric quantization then gives us two Hilbert spaces, one a space of functions on U/K and the other a space of holomorphic functions on the cotangent bundle which can be identifies with the complexification U^C/K^C. We obtain the BKS pairing between these two spaces, which gives us (in theory) the BKS transform between these two spaces. In order to study whether this BKS transform is unitary, we use in particular the theory of unitary representations of compact Lie groups, which allows us to reduce this question to a question that involves only spherical functions. Uniqueness of spherical functions for a given representation then simplifies the problem enormously. Our method can be applied to compact Lie groups by considering a compact Lie group K as a compact symmetric space: it suffices to take U=K x K and K =diag(K). By using Kirillov's character formula our method allows us to give yet another proof that the BKS transform for compact Lie groups is unitary (our proof is a variation of the proof given by Huebschmann). Our method also allows us to show that the BKS transform is not unitary for an arbitrary compact symmetric space. An explicit counter example is the 5-sphere S^5 seen as symmetric space by taking S^5=SO(6)/SO(5). On the other hand, introducing the parameter hbar as suggested by physics, we show that the BKS transform is asymptotically unitary for all compact symmetric spaces in the limit hbar --> 0.

A dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov mede a taxa de crescimento assintótico de álgebras. Como fornece informações importantes sobre a sua estrutura, este invariante se tornou uma das ferramentas padrão no estudo de álgebras de dimensão infinita. Neste trabalho apresentamos as propriedades básicas da dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov de álgebras e de módulos, e também mostramos o cálculo da dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov de algumas álgebras e módulos, sendo o exemplo mais importante o cálculo da dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov da álgebra de Weyl An. / The Gelfand-Kirillov dimension measures the asymptotic rate of growth of algebras. Since it provides important structural information, this invariant has become one of the standard tools in the study of innite dimensional algebras. In this work we present the basic properties of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of algebras and modules, and we also show the calculation of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of some algebras and modules, being the most important example the calculation of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of the Weyl algebra An.

A dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov mede a taxa de crescimento assintótico de álgebras. Como fornece informações importantes sobre a sua estrutura, este invariante se tornou uma das ferramentas padrão no estudo de álgebras de dimensão infinita. Neste trabalho apresentamos as propriedades básicas da dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov de álgebras e de módulos, e também mostramos o cálculo da dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov de algumas álgebras e módulos, sendo o exemplo mais importante o cálculo da dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov da álgebra de Weyl An. / The Gelfand-Kirillov dimension measures the asymptotic rate of growth of algebras. Since it provides important structural information, this invariant has become one of the standard tools in the study of innite dimensional algebras. In this work we present the basic properties of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of algebras and modules, and we also show the calculation of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of some algebras and modules, being the most important example the calculation of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of the Weyl algebra An.

Orientador: Plamen Emilov Kochloukov / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T04:30:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Machado_GustavoGrings_D.pdf: 808427 bytes, checksum: 4482c43f5d1998040317e1873220ce8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos o invariante denominado dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov para álgebras com identidades polinomiais, sobretudo para álgebras não-associativas, com o objetivo de melhor compreender a estrutura das identidades polinomiais. Ultimamente este invariante tem ganhado importância, uma vez que ele é relativamente fácil de calcular e, de certa forma, é capaz de diferenciar o crescimento de duas álgebras. Para álgebras associativas a GK-dimensão mostrou-se muito útil ao detectar que álgebras que por um lado são PI-equivalentes sobre corpos de característica zero pelo Teorema do Produto Tensorial de Kemer, por outro lado não são PI-equivalentes quando a característica do corpo infinito é positiva. Isto aponta para o surgimento de novos ????-ideais, conjuntos de identidades satisfeitas por uma álgebra, que são ???? -primos para corpos infinitos de característica positiva. Ainda é um problema em aberto a classificação e a compreensão destes ????-ideais em característica positiva, embora seja bem compreendida para PI-Álgebras associativas em característica zero, segundo a teoria de Kemer. Entretanto a situação é ainda menos clara para variedades de álgebras não-associativas como Álgebras de Jordan ou Álgebras de Lie. Sabe-se muito pouco sobre resultados que apontem para uma classificação de ????-ideais fora do caso associativo, até mesmo sobre corpos de característica zero. Inclusive se conhece pouco sobre o comportamento dos ????-ideais, mesmo de álgebras simples. Aqui damos um passo, calculando algumas GK-dimensões para álgebras relativamente livres de posto finito a partir da expressão da série de Hilbert. Destacamos em especial que calculamos a dimensão de Gelfand-Kirillov da álgebra relativamente livre de qualquer posto finito da álgebra de Lie das matrizes 2 × 2 de traço zero sobre um corpo infinito de característica diferente de 2. Acreditamos que estes resultados permitirão ajudar a compreender melhor o comportamento dos ????-ideais em álgebras não-associativas / Abstract: In this thesis we study the invariant called Gelfand-Kirillov Dimension for algebras with polynomial identities, mainly for non-associative algebras, aiming at better understanding the structure of the polynomial identities. This invariant has gained importance lately since in many cases it is relatively easy to calculate and, surprisingly, it is capable of distinguishing the growth of two algebras. For associative algebras GK-dimension was found to be very useful to detect that algebras which on one hand are PI-equivalent over fields of characteristic zero, according to Tensor Product Theorem of Kemer, on the other hand are not PI-equivalent when the characteristic of the infinite base field is positive. This points towards the rise of new ????-ideals, sets of identities satisfied by an algebra, which are ????-prime for infinite fields of positive characteristic. The classification and the understanding of such ????-ideals in positive characteristic are still open problems, although it is well understood for associative PI-Algebras in characteristic zero, using Kemer¿s theory. The situation is much less clear for varieties of non-associative algebras like Jordan Algebras or Lie Algebras. Very little is known about results towards a classification of ????-ideals outside the associative case, even over fields of characteristic zero. Accordingly little is known concerning the behavior of ????-ideals, even for simple algebras. Here we make a step towards this goal by computing some GK-dimensions of some relatively free algebras of finite rank by using the expression of the Hilbert series. In particular we compute the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of the relatively free algebra of any finite rank generated by the Lie Algebra of the 2 × 2 traceless matrices over an infinite field of characteristic different from 2. We hope that results in this direction will contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of ????-ideals in non-associative algebras / Doutorado / Matematica / Doutor em Matemática

No description available.

Soient g une k-algèbre de Lie, U(g) son algèbre enveloppante, K(g) le corps des fractions de U(g). L'objet de cette thèse est d'étudier des propriétés algébriques du corps gauche K(g) dans les deux cas suivants : d'une part si k est de caractéristique 0 et g est de dimension infinie ; d'autre part si k est de caractéristique positive et g est de dimension finie.<br /><br />On suppose k de caractéristique nulle. On définit d'abord la notion de "degré de transcendance de niveau q" pour les algèbres de Poisson. Cette notion est introduite à partir de la notion de dimension de niveau q définie par V. Pétrogradsky pour les algèbres associatives et les algèbres de Lie. On démontre, sous des hypothèses peu restrictives sur g, que le degré de transcendance de niveau q+1 de K(g) est égal à la dimension de niveau q de g.<br /><br />On s'attache ensuite à l'étude de la famille des algèbres de type Witt définies par R. Yu. On construit ainsi des familles infinies de corps gauches deux à deux non isomorphes mais de même degré de transcendance de niveau 3 donné. On étudie aussi la question des centralisateurs dans les corps enveloppants des parties positives des algèbres de type Witt. On établit en particulier le résultat suivant : il existe des algèbres de Lie non commutatives de dimension infinie g telles que le premier corps de Weyl ne se plonge pas dans K(g).<br /><br />Supposons maintenant k de caractéristique p>0. On étudie le cas particuliers des algèbres de Lie suivantes : les algèbres gl(n) ; les algèbres sl(n) lorsque p ne divise pas n ; l'algèbre de Witt modulaire W(1) et une sous-algèbre P de l'algèbre de Witt W(2) (s'identifiant à un produit tensoriel de l'algèbre de Lie W(1) avec une algèbre associative de polynômes tronqués). Dans tous les cas, on démontre que le corps enveloppant est isomorphe à un corps de Weyl. Pour les algèbres W(1) et P, on démontre en outre que le centre de l'algèbre enveloppante est un anneau factoriel, en accord avec une conjecture récente de A. Braun et C. Hajarnavis.

Groebner-Shirshov bases, introduced independently by Shirshov in 1962 and Buchberger in 1965, are powerful computational tools in mathematics, science, engineering, and computer science. This thesis focuses on the theories, algorithms, and applications of Groebner-Shirshov bases for two classes of noncommutative algebras: differential difference algebras and skew solvable polynomial rings. This thesis consists of three manuscripts (Chapters 2--4), an introductory chapter (Chapter 1) and a concluding chapter (Chapter 5). In Chapter 1, we introduce the background and the goals of the thesis. In Chapter 2, we investigate the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of differential difference algebras. We find lower and upper bounds of the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of a differential difference algebra under some conditions. We also give examples to demonstrate that our bounds are sharp. In Chapter 3, we generalize the Groebner-Shirshov basis theory to differential difference algebras with respect to any left admissible ordering and develop the Groebner-Shirshov basis theory of finitely generated free modules over differential difference algebras. By using the theory we develop, we present an algorithm to compute the Gelfand-Kirillov dimensions of finitely generated modules over differential difference algebras. In Chapter 4, we first define skew solvable polynomial rings, which are generalizations of solvable polynomial algebras and (skew) PBW extensions. Then we present a signature-based algorithm for computing Groebner-Shirshov bases in skew solvable polynomial rings over fields. Our algorithm can detect redundant reductions and therefore it is more efficient than the traditional Buchberger algorithm. Finally, in Chapter 5, we summarize our results and propose possible future work.

University, Diss., 2004--München.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-07-22T14:49:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS DAVID DE CARVALHO LOBÃO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2009..pdf: 418073 bytes, checksum: b2deb42599e396408cd91ddf1721d8eb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-22T14:49:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLOS DAVID DE CARVALHO LOBÃO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGMAT 2009..pdf: 418073 bytes, checksum: b2deb42599e396408cd91ddf1721d8eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03 / As álgebras verbalmente primas são bem conhecidas em característica 0. Já sobre corpos de característica p > 2 pouco sabemos sobre elas. Apresentamos modelos genéricos e calcularemos a dimensão de Gelfand-kirillov para as álgebras E⊗E, Aa,b, Ma,b(E)⊗E e Ma,b(E)⊗E. Como consequência, obteremos a prova de não PI-equivalência entre álgebras importantes para PI-Teoria em características positiva. / The verbally prime algebras are well understood in characteristic 0 while over a field of characteristic p > 2 little is known about them. In this work we discuss some sharp differents between these two generics cases for the characteristc. We exhibit constructions of generic models. By using these models we compute the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of the relatively free algebras of rank m in the varieties generated by E⊗E, Aa,b, Ma,b(E)⊗E e Ma,b(E)⊗E. As consequence we obtain the PI non equivalence of important algebras for the PI theory in positive characteristic.

Nous présentons des résultats obtenus dans cinq directions autour des représentations des algèbres affines quantiques $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$. En premier lieu nous prouvons la conjecture de Kirillov-Reshetikhin, c'est-à-dire des formules de caractères pour certaines représentations de dimension finie de $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$, et nous étendons le résultat à des affinisations minimales; nous étendons le modèle monomial des cristaux aux représentations extrémales et nous y interprétons des automorphismes de Kashiwara. Ensuite, à l'interface avec la géométrie algébrique, nous définissons une notion de groupes de lacets analytiques avec une factorisation de Riemann-Hilbert qui permet de réaliser géométriquement le centre de $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$ aux racines de $1$. Comme application, nous paramétrisons des classes d'équivalences de représentations de $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$ par des $G$-fibrés sur une courbe elliptique. On résoud le problème de petitesse géométrique posé par Nakajima pour des résolutions de variétés carquois. Troisièmement, nous établissons une nouvelle dualité de Langlands pour des représentations de $\Glie$ et de $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$ et nous définissons des groupes quantiques d'interpolation pour l'interpréter. Quatrièmement, nous construisons une catégorie tensorielle pour les algèbres affinisées quantiques et des représentations de dimension finie d'algèbres toroïdales quantiques (et de Cherednik); nous proposons un analogue en théorie de Lie des algèbres de réflexion symplectiques. Enfin, nous obtenons des catégorifications monoïdales d'algèbres cluster en terme d'une catégorie $\mathcal{C}_1$ de représentations de $\U_q(\hat{\Glie})$. Pour ce faire, nous établissons notamment la factorisation en modules premiers de modules simples de $\mathcal{C}_1$.