O objetivo desse estudo é compreender os saberes desenvolvidos nas práticas de trabalho e nas trajetórias de vida de um grupo de cinegrafistas, de uma emissora de televisão. A compreensão dos saberes desenvolvidos nas práticas do grupo pesquisado segue a perspectiva da aprendizagem baseada em prática à luz do knowing in practice. Para atingir o objetivo, se fez necessária, além da análise dos saberes e das práticas predominantes no cotidiano desses profissionais, a identificação de como, no desenvolvimento dessas práticas, os processos de aprendizagem estão relacionados. O estudo foi desenvolvido através da metodologia de histórias de vida, com a utilização de vídeos de matérias trazidos pelos próprios entrevistados, para que eles pudessem contar sobre suas experiências a partir de uma situação real e visível. As entrevistas foram realizadas, entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2014, com cinco cinegrafistas da mesma emissora de televisão, com tempos de profissão distintos, para possibilitar a análise de diferentes percepções. Seus relatos possibilitaram constituir o percurso profissional de cada entrevistado, identificando os saberes relacionados. A descrição do cotidiano de trabalho dos cinegrafistas entrevistados permitiu entender a relação entre os saberes constituídos, durante a história de vida de cada um, e a (re)produção das práticas e seus processos de aprendizagem. Evidenciou-se que práticas, saberes e aprendizagem aparecem simultaneamente, durante as rotinas de trabalho, quer através de subsídio verbal dos colegas mais experientes, quer através da observação e da vivência em diferentes situações, durante as gravações. A pesquisa sinalizou não somente a complexidade dos saberes envolvidos, por estarem vinculados a uma série de práticas heterogêneas, mas também peculiaridades da profissão foram desvendadas durante as conversas. Para desempenhar suas tarefas, os cinegrafistas adaptam seus corpos e consideram os equipamentos de gravação como uma extensão deles. Adaptam também a mente, pois as gravações exigem grande esforço cognitivo, relacionado à capacidade de improviso, ao controle das emoções e ao julgamento do que é esperado pelo telespectador. O estudo mostrou a possibilidade de articulações teóricas entre os conceitos do knowing in practice e a realidade vivenciada pelos cinegrafistas. Indicou também que os saberes são complexos e estão vinculados a uma rede de práticas; são aprendidos e desenvolvidos por meio das relações e das experiências e impulsionados pelas necessidades de cada imagem a ser capturada. / The aim of this study is to understand the knowledge developed in working practices and life trajectories of a cameramen group of a television station. The understanding of the knowledge gained in the activities of the group observed is based on the learning perspective of practice-based in the light of knowing in practice. In order to achieve the goal, it was necessary to analyze the prevailing knowledge and practices in the daily life of these professionals. It was also necessary to identify how the learning processes are related in the development of these practices. The study was conducted by using the methodology of life stories, by using videos of materials brought by the interviewees so that they could narrate their experiences from a real and visible situation. The interviews were carried out between the months of july and august 2014, with five cameramen from the same television station with different career time to enable the analysis of different perspectives. Based on the reports, it was possible to structure the career path that each interviewee came from, identifying the related knowledge. The description of the daily work of the cameramen allowed the understanding of the relationship between the knowledge acquired during the life story of each one and the (re) production practices and their learning processes. It was possible to prove that practices, knowledge and learning appear simultaneously during their work routines, be it with the verbal assistance of more experienced colleagues or through the observation and experience in different situations during the recording. Not only did the research indicate the complexity of the knowledge involved, which is linked to a number of heterogeneous practices, but also showed the industry peculiarities which have been elucidated during the conversations undertaken. In order to perform their tasks, the filmmakers adapt their bodies, already considering the recording equipment as an extension of them, and also adapt their minds, because the recordings required a great cognitive effort, related to the ability to improvise, to control emotions and to judge what is expected by the viewer. The study indicated the possibility of theoretical links between the concepts of knowing in practice and the reality experienced by the cameramen. It also indicated that knowledge is complex and linked to a network of practices; it is also learned and developed through relationships and experiences, which are driven by the needs of each image to be captured.

O objetivo desse estudo é compreender os saberes desenvolvidos nas práticas de trabalho e nas trajetórias de vida de um grupo de cinegrafistas, de uma emissora de televisão. A compreensão dos saberes desenvolvidos nas práticas do grupo pesquisado segue a perspectiva da aprendizagem baseada em prática à luz do knowing in practice. Para atingir o objetivo, se fez necessária, além da análise dos saberes e das práticas predominantes no cotidiano desses profissionais, a identificação de como, no desenvolvimento dessas práticas, os processos de aprendizagem estão relacionados. O estudo foi desenvolvido através da metodologia de histórias de vida, com a utilização de vídeos de matérias trazidos pelos próprios entrevistados, para que eles pudessem contar sobre suas experiências a partir de uma situação real e visível. As entrevistas foram realizadas, entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2014, com cinco cinegrafistas da mesma emissora de televisão, com tempos de profissão distintos, para possibilitar a análise de diferentes percepções. Seus relatos possibilitaram constituir o percurso profissional de cada entrevistado, identificando os saberes relacionados. A descrição do cotidiano de trabalho dos cinegrafistas entrevistados permitiu entender a relação entre os saberes constituídos, durante a história de vida de cada um, e a (re)produção das práticas e seus processos de aprendizagem. Evidenciou-se que práticas, saberes e aprendizagem aparecem simultaneamente, durante as rotinas de trabalho, quer através de subsídio verbal dos colegas mais experientes, quer através da observação e da vivência em diferentes situações, durante as gravações. A pesquisa sinalizou não somente a complexidade dos saberes envolvidos, por estarem vinculados a uma série de práticas heterogêneas, mas também peculiaridades da profissão foram desvendadas durante as conversas. Para desempenhar suas tarefas, os cinegrafistas adaptam seus corpos e consideram os equipamentos de gravação como uma extensão deles. Adaptam também a mente, pois as gravações exigem grande esforço cognitivo, relacionado à capacidade de improviso, ao controle das emoções e ao julgamento do que é esperado pelo telespectador. O estudo mostrou a possibilidade de articulações teóricas entre os conceitos do knowing in practice e a realidade vivenciada pelos cinegrafistas. Indicou também que os saberes são complexos e estão vinculados a uma rede de práticas; são aprendidos e desenvolvidos por meio das relações e das experiências e impulsionados pelas necessidades de cada imagem a ser capturada. / The aim of this study is to understand the knowledge developed in working practices and life trajectories of a cameramen group of a television station. The understanding of the knowledge gained in the activities of the group observed is based on the learning perspective of practice-based in the light of knowing in practice. In order to achieve the goal, it was necessary to analyze the prevailing knowledge and practices in the daily life of these professionals. It was also necessary to identify how the learning processes are related in the development of these practices. The study was conducted by using the methodology of life stories, by using videos of materials brought by the interviewees so that they could narrate their experiences from a real and visible situation. The interviews were carried out between the months of july and august 2014, with five cameramen from the same television station with different career time to enable the analysis of different perspectives. Based on the reports, it was possible to structure the career path that each interviewee came from, identifying the related knowledge. The description of the daily work of the cameramen allowed the understanding of the relationship between the knowledge acquired during the life story of each one and the (re) production practices and their learning processes. It was possible to prove that practices, knowledge and learning appear simultaneously during their work routines, be it with the verbal assistance of more experienced colleagues or through the observation and experience in different situations during the recording. Not only did the research indicate the complexity of the knowledge involved, which is linked to a number of heterogeneous practices, but also showed the industry peculiarities which have been elucidated during the conversations undertaken. In order to perform their tasks, the filmmakers adapt their bodies, already considering the recording equipment as an extension of them, and also adapt their minds, because the recordings required a great cognitive effort, related to the ability to improvise, to control emotions and to judge what is expected by the viewer. The study indicated the possibility of theoretical links between the concepts of knowing in practice and the reality experienced by the cameramen. It also indicated that knowledge is complex and linked to a network of practices; it is also learned and developed through relationships and experiences, which are driven by the needs of each image to be captured.

O objetivo desse estudo é compreender os saberes desenvolvidos nas práticas de trabalho e nas trajetórias de vida de um grupo de cinegrafistas, de uma emissora de televisão. A compreensão dos saberes desenvolvidos nas práticas do grupo pesquisado segue a perspectiva da aprendizagem baseada em prática à luz do knowing in practice. Para atingir o objetivo, se fez necessária, além da análise dos saberes e das práticas predominantes no cotidiano desses profissionais, a identificação de como, no desenvolvimento dessas práticas, os processos de aprendizagem estão relacionados. O estudo foi desenvolvido através da metodologia de histórias de vida, com a utilização de vídeos de matérias trazidos pelos próprios entrevistados, para que eles pudessem contar sobre suas experiências a partir de uma situação real e visível. As entrevistas foram realizadas, entre os meses de julho e agosto de 2014, com cinco cinegrafistas da mesma emissora de televisão, com tempos de profissão distintos, para possibilitar a análise de diferentes percepções. Seus relatos possibilitaram constituir o percurso profissional de cada entrevistado, identificando os saberes relacionados. A descrição do cotidiano de trabalho dos cinegrafistas entrevistados permitiu entender a relação entre os saberes constituídos, durante a história de vida de cada um, e a (re)produção das práticas e seus processos de aprendizagem. Evidenciou-se que práticas, saberes e aprendizagem aparecem simultaneamente, durante as rotinas de trabalho, quer através de subsídio verbal dos colegas mais experientes, quer através da observação e da vivência em diferentes situações, durante as gravações. A pesquisa sinalizou não somente a complexidade dos saberes envolvidos, por estarem vinculados a uma série de práticas heterogêneas, mas também peculiaridades da profissão foram desvendadas durante as conversas. Para desempenhar suas tarefas, os cinegrafistas adaptam seus corpos e consideram os equipamentos de gravação como uma extensão deles. Adaptam também a mente, pois as gravações exigem grande esforço cognitivo, relacionado à capacidade de improviso, ao controle das emoções e ao julgamento do que é esperado pelo telespectador. O estudo mostrou a possibilidade de articulações teóricas entre os conceitos do knowing in practice e a realidade vivenciada pelos cinegrafistas. Indicou também que os saberes são complexos e estão vinculados a uma rede de práticas; são aprendidos e desenvolvidos por meio das relações e das experiências e impulsionados pelas necessidades de cada imagem a ser capturada. / The aim of this study is to understand the knowledge developed in working practices and life trajectories of a cameramen group of a television station. The understanding of the knowledge gained in the activities of the group observed is based on the learning perspective of practice-based in the light of knowing in practice. In order to achieve the goal, it was necessary to analyze the prevailing knowledge and practices in the daily life of these professionals. It was also necessary to identify how the learning processes are related in the development of these practices. The study was conducted by using the methodology of life stories, by using videos of materials brought by the interviewees so that they could narrate their experiences from a real and visible situation. The interviews were carried out between the months of july and august 2014, with five cameramen from the same television station with different career time to enable the analysis of different perspectives. Based on the reports, it was possible to structure the career path that each interviewee came from, identifying the related knowledge. The description of the daily work of the cameramen allowed the understanding of the relationship between the knowledge acquired during the life story of each one and the (re) production practices and their learning processes. It was possible to prove that practices, knowledge and learning appear simultaneously during their work routines, be it with the verbal assistance of more experienced colleagues or through the observation and experience in different situations during the recording. Not only did the research indicate the complexity of the knowledge involved, which is linked to a number of heterogeneous practices, but also showed the industry peculiarities which have been elucidated during the conversations undertaken. In order to perform their tasks, the filmmakers adapt their bodies, already considering the recording equipment as an extension of them, and also adapt their minds, because the recordings required a great cognitive effort, related to the ability to improvise, to control emotions and to judge what is expected by the viewer. The study indicated the possibility of theoretical links between the concepts of knowing in practice and the reality experienced by the cameramen. It also indicated that knowledge is complex and linked to a network of practices; it is also learned and developed through relationships and experiences, which are driven by the needs of each image to be captured.

Submitted by Cláudia Bueno (claudiamoura18@gmail.com) on 2016-01-08T16:21:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maria Jacqueline Dias Alves - 2015.pdf: 2039060 bytes, checksum: ae7f3d00db358d53fe63a15d70da6b04 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-01-11T06:37:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maria Jacqueline Dias Alves - 2015.pdf: 2039060 bytes, checksum: ae7f3d00db358d53fe63a15d70da6b04 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-11T06:37:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Maria Jacqueline Dias Alves - 2015.pdf: 2039060 bytes, checksum: ae7f3d00db358d53fe63a15d70da6b04 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-24 / This study falls into the research areas of Work, Education and Social Movements with the purpose of providing a better understanding of how Teachers of Teenagers Youths and Adults (EAJA) from Goiânia's Municipal School System, learn and dialogue with the knowledge from work experiences of students who are Work-Studies. This is a case study. The field research was conducted with teachers, in a school in physical space of an institution of Goiania Prefecture.The research procedures were built through the analysis of the Political- Pedagogic Proposal of (EAJA), regarding the approach assigned to the work and to the knowledge of the work and workers of this modality, and also through the observations, interviews and instruction of the double.The theoretical framework used is based on the field of Work and Education, Education of Teenagers, Youths and Adults, and Ergology.The work's approach of the Work-Studies and teachers was developed from the concept of activity, in an ergological perspective; it sought to recognize that there is a distance between prescribed work and real work ,and that this distance is managed by the worker in their work activity.The work activity while area of dialectic, implies therefore, debate of rules, resingling, building of knowledge and experiences. Based on the theoretical field aforementioned, the concept of experience and the possibilities of achieving a critical work is discussed, taking as its starting point the knowledge from experience. During the development of this research, it was perceived that the work activity of the teachers holds a wealth of elements that are invisible in the prescriptions and proposals and requires them arbitration, management and decision making.It was found that although the proposal EAJA in Goiânia presents advances regarding working conditions and the theoretical and methodological framework, in the concrete situations, the abstract work affirmed its position. This research shows the need to establish places of formative dialogue inside the school, where the knowledge produced by teachers are recognized and problematized.Results indicate that the dialogue with new theoretical contributions, that study the work, such Ergology and the French ergonomics can contribute to increase the discussions about the work and about the knowledge of teachers and Work-Studies from EAJA. / Este estudo insere se na linha de pesquisa, Trabalho, Educação e Movimentos Sociais e tem por objetivo compreender como professores da Educação de Adolescentes Jovens e Adultos da Rede Municipal de Educação de Goiânia,apreendem e dialogam com os saberes de experiência do trabalho dos alunos trabalhadores desta modalidade. Trata-se de um estudo de caso. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada com professores, em um programa de escolarização para alunos trabalhadores, no espaço físico de uma Instituição administrativa da Prefeitura de Goiânia.Os procedimentos de pesquisa constituíram-se na análise da Proposta Política Pedagógica da EAJA, no que tange a abordagem dada ao trabalho e aos saberes do trabalho e dos trabalhadores desta modalidade, em observações, entrevistas e instrução ao sósia. O referencial teórico utilizado situa-se no campo Trabalho e Educação, Educação de Jovens e Adultos e da Ergologia. A abordagem do trabalho dos alunos trabalhadores e dos professores foi desenvolvida a partir do conceito de atividade, numa perspectiva ergológica, ou seja, procurou-se reconhecer que existe uma distância entre o trabalho prescrito e o trabalho real e que esta distância é gerida pelo trabalhador em sua atividade de trabalho. A atividade de trabalho enquanto espaço de dialética implica, portanto, debate de normas, renormalizações, construção de saberes e experiências. Buscou-se a partir dos campos teóricos supracitados discutir o conceito de experiência e as possibilidades de realização de um trabalho crítico, tendo como ponto de partida os saberes de experiência. No desenvolvimento da pesquisa percebeu-se que a atividade de trabalho das professoras comporta uma riqueza de elementos que são invisíveis nas prescrições e propostas e que exigem delas arbitragem, gestão e tomada de decisão. Verificou-se que embora a proposta da EAJA em Goiânia apresente avanços no que tange as condições de trabalho e ao referencial teórico e metodológico, nas situações concretas do trabalho de ensino ganha destaque a dimensão do trabalho abstrato. Esta pesquisa aponta a necessidade de se constituir no interior das escolas espaços de diálogo formativo, onde os saberes produzidos pelos professores sejam reconhecidos e problematizados. Para tanto, indica que o diálogo com novos aportes teóricos, que estudam o trabalho, tais como a Ergologia e a Ergonomia Francesa podem contribuir no alargamento das discussões sobre o trabalho e sobre os saberes dos professores e dos trabalhadores alunos da EAJA.

Introduction: Bien que la dépense énergétique associée au travail mental ne soit pas plus élevée qu’au repos, des travaux ont mené à la conclusion que la réalisation d’une tâche mentale stressante était reliée à une augmentation de la consommation énergétique. Il est suggéré que le travail mental stressant produise des effets physiologiques modulant l’apport alimentaire. Le but du projet était donc de déterminer, dans une population d’adolescents masculins, si l’introduction d’une période d’activité physique pourrait contrebalancer les effets négatifs du travail intellectuel dans le contrôle de l’ingestion et du bilan énergétiques. Méthodes: Douze étudiants de sexe masculin, sans surplus de poids et âgés entre 14 et 20 ans, ont été évalués au CHU Sainte-Justine. Ils devaient prendre part à trois visites dans un ordre aléatoire: a) visite NOpause = relaxation/travail mental/repas; b) visite RELpause = travail mental/relaxation/repas; visite PApause = travail mental/activité physique/repas. L’effet de l’introduction d’une pause active sur l’ingestion et le bilan (kilojoules ingérés - kilojoules dépensés lors des différentes tâches) énergétiques a été étudié en comparant les visites par analyse par test-t pour échantillons appariés avec un seuil de significativité fixé à 0,05. Résultats: L’introduction d’une pause passive entre le travail mental et le repas ne modifie en rien l’ingestion et le bilan énergétiques. L’introduction de la pause active n’augmente pas la consommation alimentaire, et ce, malgré une augmentation significative des sensations associées à l’appétit (envie de manger, faim, sensation d’être rempli et consommation anticipée d’aliments). Considérant la dépense énergétique inhérente à la pratique d’activité physique, un bilan énergétique significativement inférieur de plus de 1000 kJ a été mesuré pour la visite avec pause active par rapport à la visite sans pause. Conclusion : Cette étude est la première à confirmer que de bouger entre un travail mental et un repas est une stratégie efficace pour contrer l’effet hyperphagiant du travail mental via son action sur la dépense énergétique augmentée et un maintien de l’ingestion calorique. Globalement, ces résultats pourraient aider au maintien et à l'amélioration d'un statut corporel sain dans un contexte où le travail mental est omniprésent. / Introduction: Although energy expenditure during knowledge-based work is not higher than energy expenditure at rest, recent literature suggests that a stressful mental task is related to an increase in energy intake. It is suggested that mental work produces physiological changes, thereby influencing energy intake. Because physical activity can influence hunger, the aim of the study was to determine if the introduction of an active pause could counteract the negative effects of mental work on food intake and energy balance in a population of adolescent males. Method: Twelve male students of normal weight between 14 and 20 years old were evaluated at UHC Sainte-Justine. All subjects participated in three different sessions in a randomized order: a) NOpausevisit = relaxation/mental work/meal; b) RELpausevisit = mental work/relaxation/meal; and c) PApausevisit = mental work/physical activity/meal. The effect of introducing an active pause on energy intake and energy balance (kilojoules eaten – kilojoules expended during the tasks) was studied by comparing visits with paired t-tests (level of significance: p<0.05). The same analyses were performed to determine differences in appetite sensations. Results: The introduction of an active pause did not influence energy intake, even though higher appetite-related sensations were observed. Taking into account energy expenditure related to physical activity, a lower energy balance was measured for the PApausevisit compared to the NOpausevisit. Conclusion: This study is the first to confirm that being active between mental work and a meal represents a good strategy to counteract the hyperphagic effect of knowledge-based work via mainly an increased energy expenditure and a maintenance of energy intake. Globally, these results could help individuals attain and/or maintain a healthy body weight in a context where knowledge-based work is omnipresent.

No description available.

I denna studie undersöks hur personer med ledarskapsroller inom kunskapsintensivt arbete (LIKA) upplever att möjligheterna och utmaningarna med digitala arbetssätt på distans påverkar deras arbete och deras välmående. Studien baseras på semi-strukturerade intervjuer med 13 deltagare med sådan yrkesbefattning, och resulterar i en bred mängd möjligheter från digitala arbetssätt – som exempelvis att arbetet blir mer effektivt och kan utföras oberoende av tid eller geografisk plats. Eftersom dessa digitala arbetssätt däremot är så pass nya förekommer även en del utmaningar, då hanteringen av denna teknik fortfarande är under en inlärningsperiod. Några av utmaningarna som deltagarna i denna studie uttryckt är att förväntningarna på hastigheten som arbete utförs i ökar med digitala hjälpmedel, samt att det är svårare att särkoppla arbete och privatliv eftersom båda dessa är så lättillgängliga med hjälp av informations- och kommunikationsteknik (IKT). Under det distansarbete som deltagarna utövat upplevde de även en ökad svårighet att separera arbete från privatliv eftersom dessa delade samma fysiska yta: hemmet. Effektiviteten och tillgängligheten bidrar till en ökad upplevelse av flexibilitet och att själv kunna styra över sin tid. Detta upplevdes som positivt av deltagarna, och enligt föreliggande forskning är dessa faktorer centrala för att uppfylla delar av livsbalansens dimensioner, som enligt studier är väsentligt för välmående. Genom digitala arbetssätt får således deltagarna en förbättrad livsbalans eftersom de själva har möjlighet att styra över sin tid samtidigt som deras produktivitet ökar. Med uteslutande digitala arbetssätt blir däremot gemenskapen på arbetsplatsen bristande. Deltagarna önskade därför att efter rådande pandemi orsakad av COVID-19 kunna kombinera digitala arbetssätt med traditionella arbetssätt på sin arbetsplats, och på så vis kunna träffa sina kollegor fysiskt och känna en starkare tillhörighet till sin arbetsgrupp. Genom exklusivt arbete kunde deltagarna utföra sitt arbete, men saknade ändå traditionella arbetssätt på grund av de sociala faktorerna. Digitalt arbete kan därför ses ha praktiska fördelar, men emotionella utmaningar, och en kombination av båda – traditionellt arbete på arbetsplatsen och digitalt arbete på distans – torde därför kunna bidra till ökad produktivitet, en förstärkt frihetskänsla och en bevarad social gemenskap, och således gynna individens livsbalans och välmående. / This study examines how people with managerial positions within knowledge intensive work experience that the opportunities and challenges of remote digital work affects their work and their well-being. In the study, 13 semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals of such positions, and resulted in a broad variety of possibilities derived from digital work – e.g. being able to work more efficiently and regardless of time or place. Nonetheless, due to digital work still being relatively new, challenges also arise as a consequence of being in a learning process of how digital work may be handled. Some of the challenges mentioned by the participants of the study include the speed of which work is expected to be performed at when utilizing digital tools, or that the separation between work and private life has been aggravated due to the increased accessibility. Additionally, as a consequence of the current pandemic, the participants were working remote from their homes, which was explained as a factor contributing to a heightened difficulty of separating their work life from their private life. The reason for this being work life and private life sharing the same physical space: their homes. However, the participants described the gained efficiency and availability from digital work as contributing to an increased experience of flexibility and being in control of their time and productivity. This was described as a positive effect of digital work, and according to theory essential to improve life balance. Hence, the participants have a possibility of improved life balance through digital work as it allows them to control their time whilst also improving their productivity. Nevertheless, the participants still aspired for a combination of digital work and traditional work post pandemic, due to the solidarity within the workplace being experienced as insufficient via solely digital mediums. Therefore, a combination of digital work and traditional work was desired to allow for effective work without social diminution. The employees could perform their work through exclusively digital mediums, yet still expressed missing traditional ways of working due to the social factors. Digital ways of working may therefore be seen as with practical benefits, and emotional challenges. A combination of digital and traditional work could therefore maximize productivity and increase flexibility whilst still maintaining social connections, thus favoring life balance and well-being.