In this work on-line discrimination of six bacteria strains by means of the Multivariate discrimination analysis (MVDA) is presented. Principal components analysis (PCA) was selected as most suitable technique. Two analytical methods – Laser-Induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman spectroscopy were equipped for chemical analysis of bacteria strains. In order to obtain the best possible bacteria strains differentiation, the data from both methods was analyzed in two ways separately and together. The data from both measurements was normalized separately and afterwards combined in one data frame for simultaneous analysis. This data frame contained information from both analytical methods. Moreover an influence of cultivation period for each bacteria strain was studied. It was determined that Raman spectroscopy is able to discriminate two bacteria strains and LIBS even four bacteria strains. Using combination of both methods the complete discrimination was achieved. From information of first principal component it was determined that most valuable information in LIBS data is not included in different elemental composition but rather in influence of matrix effect. Solely the LIBS was utilized for studying the effect of cultivation period. It was possible to observe transformation of four bacteria strains within 24 hours. Based on results of this work it is possible to assume that combination of Raman spectroscopy and LIBS, because of the complementary information, is suitable for fast discrimination of different bacteria species and strains. Moreover it was determined that LIBS is able to observe the transformation caused by cultivation period.

This semester thesis is focused on automated measurement of ECG signal. The theoretical part describes the rise and options ECG signal. Furthermore, the issue is staged principal components analysis, whose output is used as input signal for seasons. They describe the basic methods used in measurement to ECG signal. The practical part is designed in measurement algorithm for ECG signal that has been tested on basic CSE database. The results are discussed in the conclusion.

This diploma thesis is dealing with the detection of blood vessels pulsation in retinal sequences. The goal is to create an algorithm for objective evaluation of pulsation in retinal video sequences.

Detta arbete är ett första steg i att erhålla ett koncept som kan användas inom industrin som fokuserar på att visualisera temperatur samt möjliggöra betraktning av dolda komponenter. På uppdrag av NEAVA AB, utvecklas ett koncept för att övervaka temperaturen på en dold komponent i en teoretisk modellmaskin. I större maskiner med flera dolda komponenter kan temperaturen mätas med hjälp av en eller flera sensorer till vilket ett visualiseringssystem kopplat. Det kan vara svårt att fysiskt se vad problemet är vid haveri då komponenterna är gömda inuti höljet, vilket ofta behöver nedmonteras för att upptäcka och åtgärda problemet. En litteraturstudie görs för att undersöka hur temperaturen på dolda komponenter visualiseras idag. Utgående från en hypotetisk maskinhall finns en maskin bestående av ett ytterhölje, en axel och 2 lager med respektive lagersäte inne i maskinen, samt en temperatursensor som mäter temperaturen i respektive lager på maskinen. Är arbetets syfte att med ett ”proof of concept” visa att det är möjligt att visualisera yttre som inre strukturer och temperaturen hos ett maskinelement som sitter dolt monterat på en större struktur, exempelvis värmeutvecklingen i en elektrisk motor. Med mål att framställa en 3D-modell där detta är möjligt. Modellen ska användas som ett visuellt hjälpmedel för att kartlägga temperaturförändring och visa var i modellen ett lager är på väg att överhettas i syfte av att planera ett maskinstopp för att undvika haveri. Modellen framställdes utifrån en konceptutvecklingsmetod och 3D-CAD i programmet Blender som är NEAVA AB:s huvudsakliga modelleringsprogram. Lösningen för att betrakta inre struktur var att tilldela ytterhöljet ett transparent material, som tillika gjordes i Blender. Temperaturvisualiseringen gjordes i spelmotor-programmet Unity, för att lättare skapa interaktiva funktioner. De använda lagren i arbetet är enkel-rads cylindrisk rullager. Med en rotationshastighet på 2600 varv per minut, erhålls en uppskattad livslängd på 6479,03 timmar och drifttemperatur på 228,85 °C. Resulterande modell har en justerbar transparent sida där den inre struktur tydligt kan betraktas och temperatur på lager visualiseras med ändrade färger enligt en temperaturskala. Modellen framtagen i detta arbete ska kunna användas som grund för vidareutveckling av konceptet, där en sensor och visualiseringsprogram tillkopplas. / This study is the first step to gaining a concept that is ready to use in industry, that focusing on visualizing temperature and enable monitoring of hidden components. At the request of NEAVA AB, develops a concept for monitoring the temperature in a hidden component in a theoretical model of a machine. In larger machines with several hidden components, the temperature can be measured with the help of one or more sensor to which a visualization system is connected. It can be difficult to physically see what the problem is in the event of a breakdown as the components are hidden inside the housing, which often needs to be disassembled to detect and fix the problem. A literature study is done to investigate how the temperature of hidden components is visualized today. Starting from a hypothetical engine hall in which a machine composing of a casing, shaft, two bearings with brackets and a temperature sensor which measures the temperature of the bearings. Is the purpose of this study to prove with a proof of concept, that it is possible to visualize outer and inner structure as well as temperature on a component which is mounted hidden in a lager structure, for example heat generation in an electric engine. With the goal of producing a 3D-model where this is possible. The model is to be used as a visualizing tool for mapping changes in temperature and show where in the model a bearing is on the verge of overheating for the purpose of schedule a operating stop in order to avoid damage The model was produced using a concept development method and 3D CAD in the program Blender, which is NEAVA AB´s primary modelling program. The solution for inspecting the inner structure was to apply a transparent material to the casing, which was done in Blender. The temperature visualizing was done in Unity, a game-engine program, which provides an easier option for creating interactive functions. The bearings used in this study are single row cylindrical roller bearings. With a rotation speed of 2600 rotations per minute, an estimated life rating of 6479,03 hours and operating temperature of 228,85 °C are obtained. The resulting model has an adjustable transparent side in which the inner structure can be inspected, and the bearing temperature is visualized by shifting colours according to a temperature scale. The model produced in this study will be used as a base for future development of the concept, where a sensor and visualization program are connected.

Kinesiska tecknen såg från början inte ut som sin nuvarande form. Den aktuella skrivstilen är en följd av över tretusen års förändring och utveckling. I början var ett tecken en avbildning av ett riktigt föremål eller hade ett logiskt begrepp. För närvarande ser de flesta tecknen ut som en främmande symbol. I min undervisningsverksamhet visar det sig att det är en stor utmaning för en elev som behöver memorera tusentals tecken för att sedan kunna skriva dem för att räknas som skrivkunnig. Därför har detta arbete ett syfte att underlätta elevens studiebörda. Aktionsforskning används som metodansats för att uppfylla detta syfte. Genom tidigare forskning i området, teorier i barns lärande samt hjälp från handledaren kunde aktionsforskningens fyra faser verkställas. Under arbetets gång har eleverna även repeterat sina kunskaper i strecktyperna och streckordningen som också ingår i teckens struktur. Resultatet visar att om en elev förstår ett teckens struktur har eleven lättare att komma ihåg tecknet och ju mer kunskap eleven har i radikaler och komponenter desto lättare blir det för eleven att lära sig nya tecken. Att lära sig skriva ett tecken med hjälp av kunskap i radikaler och komponenter gör att eleverna får mindre belastning på arbetsminnet, vilket även förbättrar elevernas handskrivning av kinesiska tecken. Dock är det inte alla tecken som går att analysera på ett tydligt och logiskt sätt och ett undervisningsmaterial som är anpassat för elever tar tid att utforma.

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The diploma thesis entitled The effect of individual components of mixed feed rations in the mixer feeder wagon (without a cutter) on the accuracy of loading is divided into two separate parts. In the first (theoretical) part, the issue of livestock together with preparation and distribution of feed with the mixing feeder wagons are analyzed. The second (practical) part of my work is focused on specific selection of a mixing feeder truck, diet components characteristic and way of their loading including evaluation of their loading accuracy. The main objective of the thesis is to specify evaluation of loading accuracy of each component in the mixed feed rations of a mixing feeder wagon in the selected agricultural companies that specialize in milk and meat production.

Presented thesis entitled “Cleanliness of components management implementation” with analysis of the currently applied cleanliness management system in the organization, identification of the root causes of contamination in production, suggestion of the possible solution and recommendation of actions. All material presented in this thesis were collected in Mann+Hummel (CZ) s.r.o., a producer of filters and fluid circuits for automotive industry.

The main objective of this thesis is to summarize and possibly interconnect the existing methodology on principal components analysis, hierarchical clustering and topological organization in the financial and economic networks, linear regression and GARCH modeling. In the thesis the clustering ability of PCA is compared with the more conventional approaches on a set of world stock market indices returns in different time periods where the time division is represented by The World Financial Crisis of 2007-2009. It is also observed whether the clustering of DJIA index components is underlied by the industry sector to which the individual stocks belong. Joining together PCA with classical linear regression creates principal components regression which is further in the thesis applied to the German DAX 30 index logarithmic returns forecasting using various macroeconomic and financial predictors. The correlation between two energy stocks returns - Chevron and ExxonMobil is forecasted using orthogonal (or PCA) GARCH. The constructed forecast is then compared with the predictions constructed by the conventional multivariate volatility models - EWMA and DCC GARCH.

The mortality is historically one of the most important demographic indicator and definitely reflects the maturity of each country. The objective of this diploma thesis is the comparison of mortality rates in analyzed countries around the world over time and among each other using the principle component analysis that allows assessing data different way. The big advantage of this method is minimal loss of information and quite understandable interpretation of mortality in each country. This thesis offers several interesting graphical outputs, that for example confirm higher mortality rate in Eastern European countries compared to Western European countries and show that Czech republic is country where mortality has fallen most in context of post-communist countries between 1990 and 2010. Source of the data is Human Mortality Database and all data were processed in statistical tool SPSS.