O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar diferentes representações de masculinidades nas 13 edições da revista Quatro Rodas veiculadas no ano de 2006, o que compreende os números de 548 até 560, e também em um encarte especial, referente ao Salão do Automóvel, que veio acompanhando a edição do mês de Outubro. Como referenciais teóricos, foram utilizadas contribuições dos Estudos Culturais e de Gênero, em aproximação com a perspectiva pósestruturalista. As imagens, propagandas e reportagens escolhidas para a pesquisa, em alguma medida, destacaram-se por associarem de maneira mais oportuna as possíveis masculinidades engendradas nos itens e assuntos evidenciados para análise. As identidades de gênero e sexualidades presentes na mídia posicionaram-se como um dos vieses que possibilitaram tais escolhas. Entende-se gênero como possíveis modos de ser homem e de ser mulher, isto é, diferentes possibilidades de se viverem as masculinidades e feminilidades, sendo estas contingentes e cambiantes e apresentando caráter social e cultural. A mídia é tida aqui como uma pedagogia cultural que ensina sobre práticas culturais e sociais – nesta análise, as práticas de gênero. Busquei tirar proveito de assuntos do cotidiano automobilístico para pensar na construção de masculinidades. As feminilidades também foram contempladas, por entender que as relações sociais entre homens e mulheres são relacionais. Os enfoques temáticos ficaram assim distribuídos: Carro: imagem e semelhança do dono, Carros musculosos: força e poder, Competição: coisa de carros e de homens, Contemplar paixões: uma performance de amor romântico; e De homem para homem: representações de masculinidades. Observou-se que o carro se produz como um objeto do mundo masculino, algo construído desde a infância. Foi possível perceber que a revista Quatro Rodas dispõe da heterossexualidade como uma prática naturalizada, aquela que é considerada “normal”. As questões evidenciadas nas revistas analisadas tiram proveito de assuntos cotidianos e enfatizam o regime da heteronormatividade. A posição social do homem está relacionada ao tipo de carro que possui, bem como ao conhecimento que demonstra ter sobre os carros e o mundo automobilístico de maneira geral. / This dissertation aims at analyzing different representations of masculinities in Quatro Rodas magazine, comprehending 13 issues published in 2006 (numbers 548-560), including a special issue about the National Auto Show accompanying the October issue. As theoretical references, I have used contributions from Cultural Studies and Gender Studies, in approximation to a post-structuralist perspective. The images, advertisements and reports that have been chosen for research are those that, in some way, have more opportunely associated possible masculinities in topics and subjects evidenced for analysis. Gender identities and sexualities present in media have been aspects that allowed for those choices. Gender has been taken as a set of possible ways of being a man and a woman, i.e. different possibilities of living masculinities and femininities, which are contingent and changeable, showing a cultural and social character. Media has been considered as a cultural pedagogy that teaches cultural and social practices – in this analysis, gender practices. I have taken advantage of themes belonging to the daily automobile universe in order to think about construction of masculinities. Femininities have also been approached, considering that social relations between men and women are relational. The theme focuses have been distributed as follows: Cars – image and resemblance of their owners; Muscle cars – potency and power; Competition – a matter of cars and men; Favoring passions – a performance of romantic love; and From man to man – representations of masculinities. I have found that cars have been produced as objects belonging to a male world, something that has been constructed since childhood. It has been possible to realize that Quatro Rodas magazine points out heterosexuality as a naturalized practice, which is taken as “normal”. The topics evidenced in the issues analyzed take advantage of daily subjects and emphasize the regime of heteronormativity. Men’s social position has been related to the type of car they own, as well as to the knowledge they have about cars and the automobile world as a whole.

This diploma thesis deals with the elaboration of the project documentation of the construction of the Blanice accommodation facility. The object has a rectangular shape. The proposed building is located in Vodnany. The accommodation facility is designed for 28 people and 32 seats in the restaurant. The building is designed as a four-storey, partly basement. On the underground floor there are storage areas, technical background. On the first floor there is a main entrance, a reception and a restaurant with technical facilities for the staff. On the second and third floor there are guest rooms. On the second floor there is also a room for people with limited mobility. The building is bricked from brick blocks with a flat roof Keywords.

The aim of the dissertation was to find out the specifics of nursing care in clinical and community practice with patients with colorectal cancer using the model of M. E. Levine. Furthermore, to find out which of these specifics are missing in the mentioned nursing model and to modify the nursing documentation according to the chosen conceptual model of M. E. Levine. In the empirical part we used a combination of qualitative and quantitative research which was carried out as part of the grant project GAJU 048/2015/S. The pre-research, conducted interviews with 8 informants was used to identify the key data for answering research questions and creating a custom-designed questionnaire. A non-standardized questionnaire was distributed across the Czech Republic to 300 patients with colorectal cancer. We also designed nursing documentation, which was verified by focus group with 35 nurses from clinical and community practice. The results show that patients are limited in areas of contact with friends, normal traffic, traveiling, and fear for themselves and their loved ones to maintain social integrity. In the principle of maintaining structural integrity, problems with diet, alcohol consumption, diarrhea, current treatment management, stoma and stoma type have been identified. In the field of energy conservation the influence of length of diagnosis and colonoscopy performed as part of preventive examination, pain sensation, and enough energy for normal daytime life have been confirmed. In the principle of conservation personality integrity, we have found that the length of time determines the fear of getting stoma, learning individuals with the same disease, experiencing negative feelings, and limiting private life. The work provides a comprehensive framework of the issue of patients with colorectal cancer. It provides evidence of the possibility of using M. E. Levine's conceptual model in colorectal cancer patients.

Disproportionately lower numbers of African- and Hispanic-American high school students are enrolled in advanced placement (AP) courses in U.S. high schools. Thus, the purpose of this exploratory case study was to explore the administrative practices that may expand enrollment of African- and Hispanic-American students in high school AP courses. The conceptual framework of the study was based on Bandura's social cognitive theory and its 4 elements: affective processes, motivational processes, selection processes, and cognitive learning. Research questions were designed to examine the perspectives of administrators about the disproportional enrollment of African- and Hispanic-American students in AP courses and administrative practices that may support proportional representation of these students. Semistructured interviews were used to collect data from 10 administrators from 2 high schools in the same school district. Data analysis involved open, axial, and a priori coding. The findings indicated that administrators agreed on the need to reevaluate prerequisites for AP courses that may create unintentional obstacles to enrollment of Hispanic- and African-American students. Additionally, administrative support for the counselors to provide academic advising may improve access for Hispanic- and African-American students. This study contributes to positive social change by creating a deeper understanding of how administrative practices can improve African- and Hispanic-American enrollment in high school AP courses.

Zinc Oxide falls under the classification of transparent conductive oxides. They typical optical transmittance of Zinc Oxide is 90% in the visible wavelength region. Though stoichiometric ZnO is an insulator, due to the presence of internal defects such as Zn interstitials and Oxygen vacancies, it exists as a n-type conductor. The other important property of ZnO which could be used by the optical field is its widebandgap. ZnO has a wide bandgap of 3.2eV -3.3eV. The additional advantage of being a direct bandgap semiconductor has increased the probability of using ZnO for short wavelength applications. These practical applications are directly related to the fabrication of homostructural p-n junctions. ZnO can be readily doped n-type. Doping ZnO P-type is very difficult due to its native defects and the self-compensation that occurs during doping. But when P-type doping is obtained in ZnO it could be used in various optical applications such as light emitting diodes and laser diodes. This provided the motivation for this research. Theoretical studies have proposed nitrogen as a suitable material to achieve p-type ZnO. Literature provides a set of conditions that could be used to improve the doping in ZnO films. In this research, a set of these conditions were used to implement p-type doping in ZnO films. A sputtering system with a setup to support two Torus - 5M guns was used to deposit the ZnO films. A codoping technique using an aluminium doped zinc oxide target was the first method. Though an improvement in the nitrogen incorporation was found in this method in the beginning, a further increase in the nitrogen pressure did not show further improvement. A co-sputtering technique of a 99.999% pure ZnO target and a 99.99% pure Zn metal target was the second method. The ZnO target was rf sputtered while the Zn target was dc sputtered using the two guns provided in the deposition chamber. The extra Zinc obtained from sputtering the metallic Zn target was used to improve the incorporation of nitrogen. The films were later deposited in an oxygen ambient where the excess oxygen was used to suppress the oxygen vacancies that act as hole killers during the doping process. Four point probe measurement and Keithley 900 series Hall equipment were used for the electrical characterization of the films. An ORIEL monochromator was used to optically characterize the films. Hitachi S-800 T EDAX analysis system was used to measure the atomic weight % of nitrogen incorporated in the ZnO:N films. Deposition at an oxygen partial pressure of 0.3mT and 0.8mT of nitrogen produced p-type ZnO films. These films showed a carrier absorption in the short wavelength region. The carrier concentration and the mobility obtained for these films were 4.0 x1016 cm-3 and 0.12 cm2 /V-s respectively.

BorgWarner Powerdrive Systems is constantly developing the performance of wet clutches used in passenger car all-wheel drive systems. The Haldex limited slip coupling, LSC, is the trade name of the all-wheel drive system sold and developed by BorgWarner Powerdrive Systems. In a primary front-wheel driven vehicle, the Haldex LSC can transfer torque to the rear axle based on sensor input with full electronic control and can thus work seamlessly together with other systems such as traction and stability control. In the design of such an all-wheel drive system; it is critical to avoid issues with drive line vibrations as well as the accompanying noise generation. This is a complex issue and even though the goal is to avoid these problems, they may still occur to a certain degree. BorgWarner now wants to investigate whether changes in the friction disc quality may affect the occurrence of vibrations. The friction disc quality could e.g. be described in terms of variations in height, material composition, material porosity and Young's modulus with the variations distributed around the circumferential of the friction disc. This study is however limited to investigate if a difference in height could be the cause of drive line vibrations. The goal is to determine if there is a correlation between a shifting thickness around the circumferential of the friction disc and the occurrence of vibrations. With the help from RISE Sicomp and their 3D-scanner it was possible to determine the difference in height around the circumference of the disc. The discs was scanned and then analyzed with the help of GOM-software. When the height was measured around the disc they were exposed to a run-in, this with the use of an LSC test rig. This way it is possible to see how the friction characteristics changes while it is being used and to later see if the height difference has changed. All this to see the correlation between the difference in height around the disc and the friction characteristics. A micro tomography scanner at LTU was used to section through the disc. It uses x-ray and makes it possible to look at sections all through the disc to see if there is a difference in the strucure of certain areas. If one pillow is more porous then another one. Based solely on the tomography test it is hard explaining the difference in Young’s modulus, the result showed little to none difference between different areas of the disc. With the help from 3D-scanning it has been shown that there is in fact a height difference. That difference becomes smaller with time when used, this due to the wearing of the highest area being greater than that of a lower area. The run-in seems to always have a positive result on the disc. Friction measurements during run-in showed that also a disc with small differences in height could display unfavorable friction characteristics. This would imply that the height difference matters but is not the only contributing factor to vibrations. Even though the difference in thickness of the friction disc has shown to contribute to vibrations, there are still factors that remains unclear. If the height would have been the only factor the friction measurements would support this more than what the actual case is. The other factors need further examination.

A vibration isolator is designed to reduce the vibration and structure borne noise transmitted from a vibratory source, such as machinery and equipment, to the supporting structure. The vibration and structure borne noise transmitted depends upon the dynamic properties of the foundation, the source mounting point and the vibration isolator. Therefore knowledge of the frequency dependent dynamic properties of vibration isolators is a necessary part of the acoustic prediction and control/reduction process. Vibration isolators may be characterised by measuring their four-pole parameters. A measurement procedure is proposed that employs the floating mass method, measures the direct forces and corrects for the errors introduced by the direct force measurement. Compared to the basic method, it extends the frequency limits of measurement in both directions. The development of a novel vibration isolator test facility that implements the proposed measurement procedure is described, and its satisfactory operation is experimentally demonstrated. The vibration isolator test facility is capable of characterizing vibration isolators commonly used in industrial and maritime applications, under service conditions. A method is proposed for measuring the four-pole parameters of a uni-directional asymmetrical vibration isolator under static load. The method is called the two masses method, and is suitable for determining the four???pole parameters of active vibration isolators with feedback control. The method is also applicable to uni-directional symmetrical and bi-directional symmetrical and bi-directional asymmetrical vibration isolators. It may be regarded as a universal method for characterising vibration isolators. Experimental data is presented and the method is validated. Modelling of vibration isolators is complicated by the highly non-linear nature of their rubber elements. The notion of an effective rubber cylinder is proposed to account for the barrelling of rubber elements under static load. Consequently, a general static compression model is proposed that applies to vibration isolators having unfilled and filled rubber elements of regular prismatic shapes. The model predicts the dependence of the four-pole parameters on the compression ratio of the rubber element. The predictions derived from the effective rubber cylinder and general static compression model agree excellently with experimental work of this study and other researchers.

國立政治大學英國語文學系碩士班 碩士論文摘要 論文名稱： 詩中音樂: 艾略特《四首四重奏》中的音樂形式 指導教授： 楊麗敏 研究生：蔡文傑 論文提要內容： 許多批評家曾試著從各種角度解釋《四首四重奏》這個標題。 因為正如艾略特所宣示的，《四重奏》這個字(詞)是了解這部作品的正確途徑。 本文則試著從音樂的角度切入這部作品。 因為貝多芬的音樂在艾略特一生佔有舉足輕重的影響。艾略特也曾在多處提及深受貝多芬的A小調弦樂四重奏感動。另一方面，詩與音樂更是艾略特長久一來的關注重點。他相信，詩與音樂能達到某種程度的交流與可能性。正如他在《詩的音樂》一文中所宣示的。他認為詩與音樂的可能性主要包括在三方面。分別為韻律與結構，主題的重複，以及主題材料的對位式安排。因此，本文主要從音樂性的結構（音樂曲式），主題的發展、佈局來分析這部作品。 在結構方面正如艾略特所透露的，《四首四重奏》與貝多芬的弦樂四重奏在架構上有相似之處。在本文的分析裡，發現每一首四重奏的五個樂章分別是奏鳴曲式、二部曲式、三部曲式、進行曲式和迴旋曲式。主題方面，每首《四重奏》如貝多芬的弦樂四重奏一樣主要處理了對立主題的不斷發展、變化到解決。另外，如貝多芬的晚期四重奏裡的複音特性，《四首四重奏》裡也展現了多主題的同時進行。本文將分為四個章節討論，針對這三個層面分析。由主題的發展著手，找出主題之間的互動以及音樂性的架構。 TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………iii Chinese Abstract……………………………………………………………………v English Abstract……………………………………………………………………vi Introduction…………………………………………………………………………1 Chapter 1. "Burnt Norton"- The Still Point and the Turning World………………...19 2. "East Coker"- The Beginning and the End……………………………...34 3. "The Dry Salvages"- Time and the Timeless……………………………52 4. "Little Gidding"-Now and England…………….……………………….70 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………87 Selected Bibliography……………………………………….……………………..93 Chinese Reference…………………………………………..……………………100 / English Abstract Critics try to decipher the title Four Quartets from different criteria because the word 'quartet' is the right tack for understanding the work. This thesis tries to examine Four Quartets from a musical criterion since Beethoven's music plays an important role in T. S. Eliot's life. Besides, T. S. Eliot mentions that he is deeply touched by Beethoven's string quartet in A minor. Most important of all, music remains T. S. Eliot's main concern throughout his life. He believes that to some extent there are possibilities of transformation between music and poetry as he declares in his "The Music of Poetry." He thinks that the possibilities exist in three ways. They are the sense of rhythm and structure, the recurrent use of themes and the contrapuntal arrangement of subject matter. Therefore, this thesis applies musical structures to analyze the development of themes in Four Quartets. Structurally, Four Quartets and Beethoven's string quartet have similar structures or forms. In this thesis, it is found that the five movements of each quartet are in sonata form, (rounded) binary form, ternary form, march, and rondo form. Thematically, like Beethoven's string quartet, each quartet of Four Quartets mainly deals with the constant development, variation and reconciliation of contrasting themes. Besides, the characteristics of polyphony in Beethoven's late string quartets may be found in the juxtaposition of multiple themes in Four Quartets. This thesis is divided into four chapters. In each chapter, each quartet is analyzed from these three aspects. The thesis focuses on the development of themes in order to find out the interaction of themes and the musical structures in Four Quartets.

Ces travaux ont pour objectif d'étudier l'intégration d'une technologie de combustion récente, les brûleurs régénératifs à Oxydation sans Flamme, sur les fours de réchauffage sidérurgiques. La modélisation numérique a été utilisée pour étudier les enceintes équipées de tels brûleurs. Un accent particulier a été porté sur la validation expérimentale des modèles. L'outil CFD a d'abord permis d'étudier finement les caractéristiques de la combustion. Les modèles de fermeture ont d'abord été pré-sélectionnés. Le modèle a ensuite été confronté à des mesures de vitesses, espèces chimiques et températures dans la flamme pour choisir définitivement les modèles les plus adéquats.Une méthodologie de simplification a ensuite été mise en place pour optimiser le ratio précision / temps de calcul du modèle CFD, dans l'optique d'étudier les enceintes multi-brûleurs. Cette approche a été validée par rapport au modèle CFD détaillé.Enfin la simulation des régimes transitoires, essentielle dans l'analyse des performances des fours, a été traitée par une approche nodale, consistant à représenter les éléments du système sous la forme d'un réseau de composants simples. Les phénomènes physiques sont inclus dans les échanges entre les composants du réseau par l'intermédiaire d'une conductance dépendant du mode de transfert. Cette formulation rend la résolution des transferts radiatifs compatible avec la méthode zonale. Les facteurs d'échange radiatifs ont été calculés par le logiciel MODRAY. Un régulateur a également été inclus dans le modèle. Le réseau a été décrit et résolu sous l'environnement THERMETTE. Des essais à l'échelle semi-industrielle ont permis de valider ce modèle nodal.

<p>Microarray technology is a promising approach for the simultaneous analysis of multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are the most abundant form of genetic variation. In this thesis enzyme-assisted microarray-based methods were developed to improve the accuracy and genotype discrimination power of the current methods for SNP genotyping. The improved technology was applied for analysing recessively inherited disease mutations, for Y-chromosomal SNPs in a population study, for an evolutionary analysis of SNPs in flycatchers and for multiplexed quantitative determination of SNP-allele frequencies in pooled DNA samples. </p><p>A robust attachment chemistry for immobilising oligonucleotides on glass surface was established, based on an evaluation of eight covalent coupling methods. A four-colour fluorescence detection strategy, which enabled a multiplexed quantitative analysis for as little as 2% of a minority allele frequency in pooled samples was generated. </p><p>Twenty-five Y-chromosomal SNPs were screened in a collection of 300 samples from five Finno-Ugric-speaking populations using minisequencing on microarrays. In these populations six distinct haplotypes were defined by the six SNPs that were polymorphic. Data from five microsatellite markers was combined with the SNP data, revealing shared Y-chromosomal haplotypes between the Finns and the Saami, indicating, in accordance with earlier data, at least two founding Y-chromosomal lineages in these populations.</p><p>Database screening and subsequent validation of 125 potential SNPs in the highly repetitive type 1 interferon genes and genes coding for proteins in the interferon-related regulatory pathways revealed 25 informative SNPs in the Finnish and Swedish populations. These SNPs were included in a panel for microarray based genotyping that should find a variety of applications in genetic studies due to the important immunoregulatory functions of the IFN family.</p><p>The significance of sex-chromosome evolution on speciation was investigated in two naturally hybridising flycatcher species (N=459) by analysing a panel of 20 SNPs using minisequencing on microarrays. A strong selection against gene flow across the species boundary of sex-linked genes was observed, as well as a sex-chromosomal influence on male plumage characteristics that have previously been shown to reinforce isolation in these birds. The results suggest a major role for sex-chromosome-mediated isolation of the two flycatcher species.</p>