Darbe nagrinėjama, kaip sakytinė kalba keičiama į rašytinę, kokie pagrindiniai sakytinės kalbos bruožai, kokios klaidos daromos baudžiamosios bylos medžiagoje. Darbo šaltinis –baudžiamųjų bylų medžiaga. Dalis sakytinės ir rašytinės kalbos ypatybių sutampa – daromos panašios leksikos klaidos, vartojama terminija. Teisinei rašytinei kalbai nebūdingi intarpai, pasikartojimai, tačiau menko išsilavinimo žmonių rašytinės kalbos pavyzdžiuose jų yra. Teisinės kalbos bruožai: gausu dalyvių, ypač neveikiamosios rūšies, pusdalyvių, padalyvių,. Dominuoja ilgi beasmeniai sakiniai, daug terminų, tarptautinių žodžių, reikiamybės dalyvių, suvestinių tarinių, būdingi įvairūs netaisyklingos teisinės kalbos pasakymai. / The study analyses the main features of spoken language, the process of changing spoken language into written, describes the mistakes, which appear in material of criminal law cases. The source of the study – material of criminal law cases. It should be noted, that part of features of spoken and written languages coincide – similar mistakes of lexis are being done, similar terminology is being used. Despite the fact that inserts, frequencies are not common for written laguage, in the examples ofwritten language of uneducated people they nevertheless appear. The features of legal language: a plenty of participles, expecially passive, dominant long impersonal sentences, many legal terms, international words, gerundives, cumulative predicates, common various expressions of irregular legal language.

No description available.

M.A. (African Languages) / Problems regarding language requirements set by legislation, the law profession and academic institutions, are discussed. The main purpose of the study is to do a needs analysis of law students' needs, to communicate in Afrikaans, to make a conclusion ofneeds that have to be addressed and to lay down guidelines for a concept syllabus. The presumption is made that present Afrikaans courses for law students at universities, do not make provision for their specific needs. The implementation phases are discussed, with a special focus on the communicative needs ofthe target groups. The development of language for special purposes is discussed. Special attention is focussed on authentic materials, a frequency analysis and a special register. The importance of a needs analysis is stressed. The development of the functional notional approach and its advantages is discussed. Learner-centredness and learner needs are emphasized. A number of language syllabuses . ~. are mentioned and the conclusion is reached that grammar should form the basis of a syllabus, with notional, functional and situational specifications centering around it. A number of existing language courses for law students were studied. The lack of a communicative approach in many of these courses is pointed out. It is suggested that serious consideration must be given to a new approach towards existing courses in Afrikaans for law students and that a rationale be developed to determine communicative needs, contents of the course and the principles as set out in the functional-notional approach.

Businesses communicate a wide variety of messages to diverse audiences using a number of different communication types and channels daily. For example, business communication includes business reports, documents (booklets, leaflets, and official communiqués), notices, agreements, web copy and advertisements that are produced continually to address a variety of business communication needs for a variety of audiences. Although written business communication has a significant impact on customer satisfaction and consumer attitude which, in turn, affects consumer behaviour positively or negatively, there is a lack of research investigating the knowledge and application of plain language in business communication. Many studies were found to be related to communication and language, however, studies about plain language use were less prevalent. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the awareness of the plain language regulations stipulated in the South African Consumer Protection Act (CPA) 68 of 2008 (2009). The application of these plain language principles within businesses in the Port Elizabeth Metropole, with specific reference to its use in written business communication was also investigated. The study also aimed to identify plain language best practices and constraints resulting from plain language application or non-application within the selected organisations. The research focused attention on the impact of business communication on customer satisfaction, consumer attitude and, ultimately, consumer behaviour as well as the need for plain language use in written business communication practices to ensure effective and fair (ethical) communication. A comprehensive literature review was conducted on communication, communication theory and consumer behaviour, as well as on plain language principles which might add to the effectiveness of organisations’ written business communication, to provide a theoretical foundation for the study. The study’s research methodology was approached from a phenomenological (descriptive and interpretive), and somewhat positivistic perspective, utilising qualitative and limited quantitative measures to obtain data. For this reason, three managers from three respective organisations within the Port Elizabeth Metropole were interviewed and asked to complete a rating-scale survey to obtain insight on the written business communication practices of these organisations. A content analysis of documents supplied by the participating organisations were also reviewed to provide commentary on the plain language application in each organisation. Furthermore, Section 2 of the South African CPA 68 of 2008 (2009) was also reviewed to measure and comment on the application of plain language in these organisations. Based on the data analysis, it was evident that organisations in the Port Elizabeth Metropole were aware of plain language and the plain language regulations stipulated in the South African CPA 68 of 2008 (2009), but that they were not certain what the regulations entailed exactly. Furthermore, plain language principles were applied in the participating organisations, however, complications and areas for possible improvement were identified in the data. From the study’s findings, various recommendations were made that could assist the organisations to improve their organisations’ plain language application. These recommendations included, for example, appointing plain language champions to monitor plain language application in the organisation, as well as assessing language competence of staff and training them to improve their language competencies. Recommendations for future research suggested that future studies needed to include a larger research sample, a more diverse sample population to include consumers and a broader industrial demographic. In addition, future studies could attempt to investigate communication barriers that inhibit or challenge comprehension in consumer communication.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-07-23T12:50:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Valério Pimenta de Morais.pdf: 1689159 bytes, checksum: 2c28f4cf9a9613cd7b171a9bcbd7ad74 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-23T12:50:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Valério Pimenta de Morais.pdf: 1689159 bytes, checksum: 2c28f4cf9a9613cd7b171a9bcbd7ad74 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-18 / The purpose of this thesis is to study the legal capacity of States and the Federal District to issue local ordinary rules related to tax liability, specially regarding the phenomenon of tax substitution, around the incidence of ICMS, thus , It was taken into consideration that the provision of Complementary Law n. 87/96, takes care of a rule of right, and should also emphasize, its role, in view of the national character that the said tax and the normative stature, which presents the same level, as the provisions of the National Tax Code. He then focused on certain theoretical points that guided the development of this work, without neglecting a pragmatic analysis, structured in the form of the treatment given to the judicial decision of the Superior Court of Justice, REsp n. 931.727/RS. Then, with a theoretical-scientific and pragmatic approach, the theory of language – with support in Peircean semiotics, in the line of representation and intervention of reality –, the theory of the autopoietic legal systems of Niklas Luhmann, and, with special attention to the egological theory of the Law of Carlos Cossio – aligned to the study of the philosophical currents of the Tax Law –, for the better apprehension of the tributary legal facts, with special emphasis to the activity of the judging authority for its conformation. On the other hand, the subject of judicial precedents, in the present consideration that can be apprehended by the Brazilian legal system, has been examined, along the lines of the construction of the juridical tributary facts, as determinant premises, led to the conclusion of its strict way of application, together with the specific examination of the ICMS tax substitution liability, which has been delimited by legal typicity, tax feasibility and taxable capacity, at its valid manifestation / Esta tese tem por finalidade o estudo da capacidade legiferante dos Estados e do Distrito Federal na edição de normas ordinárias locais, relacionadas à responsabilidade tributária, em especial naquilo que diz respeito ao fenômeno da substituição tributária, em torno da incidência do ICMS. Tomou-se em consideração que a disposição da Lei Complementar n. 87/96 cuida-se de uma norma de sobredireito, cujo protagonismo deve ser salientado, à vista do caráter nacional que reveste o referido tributo e a estatura normativa apresentada – do mesmo patamar que as disposições do Código Tributário Nacional. Debruçou-se, então, sobre determinados pontos teóricos que nortearam o desenvolvimento do presente trabalho, sem descurar de uma análise pragmática, estruturada na forma do tratamento dado à decisão judicial do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, no REsp n. 931.727/RS. Assim, com um enfoque teórico-científico e pragmático, percorreu-se a teoria da linguagem – com suporte na semiótica peirceana, na linha de representação e intervenção da realidade – a teoria dos sistemas jurídicos autopoiéticos de Niklas Luhmann e, com especial detimento, à teoria egológica do Direito de Carlos Cossio – alinhada ao estudo das correntes filosóficas do Direito Tributário – para melhor apreensão dos fatos jurídicos tributários, com especial destaque à atividade da autoridade judicante para sua conformação. Por outra parte, também foram examinados, na linha da construção dos fatos jurídicos tributários, como premissas determinantes, a matéria referente aos precedentes judiciais. Na atual consideração, podem ser apreendidos pelo sistema jurídico brasileiro e levados à conclusão de seu estrito caminho de aplicação, a par do exame específico da responsabilidade por substituição tributária do ICMS, que se revelou delimitado pela tipicidade legal, pela praticabilidade tributária e pela capacidade contributiva, em sua manifestação válida

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-07-25T11:52:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Mara de Oliveira Macedo Carneiro Pacobahyba.pdf: 2034067 bytes, checksum: 3152b483af6e834bafb8609a021c1b03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T11:52:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Mara de Oliveira Macedo Carneiro Pacobahyba.pdf: 2034067 bytes, checksum: 3152b483af6e834bafb8609a021c1b03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-24 / When observing the way in which the juridical-tax interpretation has been processed, distinct movements are perceived and that seem to fit in a point of intellectual confrontation. On the one hand, traditional hermeneutics, based on the literality of the CTN, which seeks the meaning of normative texts from an extraction of their contents. And from this hermeneutics, the construction of doctrine and jurisprudence that makes verberar a sense of assertiveness, completeness, certainty. From another perspective, movements that identify law as being a language, which culminates in complex ideas and a constant dialogue between texts, given the difficulty always present in seeing the legal reality under the sign of language. In the doctrine and jurisprudence that follow, deepening in matters that before seemed exhausted, returns to the fundamental normative structures and recognition of the incompleteness of everything that is said about the legal-tributary phenomenon. And here, emerges the Logical-Semantic Constructivism, by Paulo de Barros Carvalho. The justification of this research is based on the original approach that seeks to offer to the problematic, considering that it approaches the idea of hermeneutical movements in the Science of Law, in order to investigate the possibility of establishing the proper characteristics of these two movements, located in times not -chronic logics: the first, from the "past that is still present", represents the traditional approach; the second, of the "future that is already present", has as its starting point the fundamental work of Logical-Semantic Constructivism. Thus, the starting problem is: can individual different motifs be identified in the way Brazilian juridical-tax hermeneutics takes place? The general objective of the research is to investigate the possibility of identifying these hermeneutical movements and the establishment of characters that represent the overcoming of the traditional model, given the inflows resulting from the adoption of the paradigm of language, as well as the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988 and, more recently, the new Code of Civil Procedure. The methodology used is the path that interweaves the analytical-hermeneutic method, which is characteristic of Logical-Semantic Constructivism, under the influence of semiotic perspectives in the juridical data: here the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic plans structuring of language, by which the object itself is constructed by a subject, which is also by language. With all of this, the structuring of the thought contained in this work margeia reflections that are processed in the scope of Legal Epistemology, Law Theory and Tax Law itself. The central hypothesis of the work is that, in spite of new intellectual influences in Brazilian juridical-tax doctrine, jurists and scholars of tax law still rely on ulteriorated hermeneutic views, clinging to the use of the various methods scattered in the CTN and masking the complexity of the normative phenomenon. This is true even after the decisive influences of CF / 88. In this way, the possibilities that allow us to deal with different paradigms in the interpretation of texts and legal-tax aspects, as a way of undertaking a new legal rationality that align General Theory of Law and Tax Law from the dialogue between the different languages are deepened, competent and incompetent, which are reflected in Brazilian normative discourse / Ao se observar a maneira como se processa a interpretação jurídico-tributária, percebem-se movimentos distintos e que parecem calhar em um ponto de enfrentamento intelectual. De um lado, a Hermenêutica tradicional, fincada na literalidade do CTN, e que busca o sentido dos textos normativos com base na extração de seus conteúdos. E arrimada nesta Hermenêutica, a elaboração da doutrina e da jurisprudência que que faz verberar um sentido de assertividade, de completude, de certeza. Sob outra perspectiva, movimentos que identificam o Direito como sendo linguagem, o que faz culminar em ideias complexas e em um diálogo constante entre textos, dada a dificuldade sempre ocorrente em se enxergar a realidade jurídica sob o signo da linguagem. Na doutrina e na jurisprudência que lhe seguem, aprofundamentos em matérias que antes pareciam esgotadas, retornos às estruturas fundamentais normativas e reconhecimento da incompletude de tudo quanto se diga acerca do fenômeno jurídico-tributário. E aqui desponta o Constructivismo Lógico-Semântico, de Paulo de Barros Carvalho. A justificativa desta pesquisa se fundamenta no enfoque original que se busca oferecer à problemática, tendo em vista que aborda a ideia de movimentos hermenêuticos na Ciência do Direito, de sorte a investigar a possibilidade de estabelecimento dos caracteres próprios desses dois movimentos, situados em tempos não cronológicos distintos: o primeiro, do “passado que ainda se faz presente”, representa o enfoque tradicional; o segundo, do “futuro que já se faz presente”, tem como ponto de partida a obra fundamental do Constructivismo Lógico-Semântico. Com efeito, o problema de partida é: podem ser individualizados mo(vi)mentos distintos na maneira como se processa a Hermenêutica Jurídico-Tributária brasileira? O objetivo geral da pesquisa é investigar a possibilidade de identificação desses movimentos hermenêuticos e o estabelecimento de caracteres que representem a superação do modelo tradicional, dados os influxos decorrentes da adoção do paradigma da linguagem, bem como da promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 e, mais recentemente, do Código de Processo Civil de 2016. A metodologia utilizada é o caminho que interlaça o método analítico-hermenêutico, próprio do Constructivismo Lógico-Semântico, sob os influxos de perspectivas semióticas no dado jurídico: aqui, a estruturação de planos sintático, semântico e pragmático da linguagem, pelo qual o próprio objeto é construído por um sujeito, que também é pela linguagem. Com tudo isso, a estruturação do pensamento contido neste trabalho margeia reflexões que se processam no âmbito da Epistemologia Jurídica, da Teoria do Direito e do próprio Direito Tributário. A hipótese central do trabalho é que, apesar de novos influxos intelectuais na dogmática jurídico-tributária brasileira, os juristas e estudiosos do Direito Tributário ainda se valem de panoramas hermenêuticos ultrapassados, apegando-se à utilização dos diversos métodos espraiados no CTN e que mascaram a complexidade do fenômeno normativo. E isso se dá mesmo após as influências determinantes da CF/88. Efetivamente, aprofundam-se as possibilidades que permitem lidar com paradigmas diferenciados na interpretação dos textos e dos fatos jurídico-tributários, como a maneira de empreender uma nova racionalidade jurídica que alinhe Teoria Geral do Direito e Direito Tributário com esteio no diálogo entre as diversas linguagens, competentes e incompetentes, que se plasmam no discurso normativo brasileiro

published_or_final_version / Law / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

O presente trabalho aborda o evento tomada de depoimento audiovisual a partir da metodologia de Estudo de Caso Etnográfico. Este estudo justifica-se pelas alterações processuais decorrentes do art. 187 do Código de Processo Penal, com redação incluída pela Lei n 10.792, de 01 de dezembro de 2003, que prescreve a maneira pela qual o magistrado deve realizar a inquirição do réu. A motivação para esta dissertação partiu da necessidade de se empregar nas pesquisas jurídicas novas perspectivas determinadas pelo princípio da transdisciplinaridade. Daí a utilização de pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da lingüística e da etnografia, que possibilitará transgredirmos tais fronteiras jurídicas, no intuito de arquitetar soluções possíveis a problemáticas complexos e atuais, como aquelas ligadas a Sociedade da Informação e a aplicação das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, nos procedimentos judiciais. O objetivo deste trabalho é a descrição do evento tomada de depoimento no processo eletrônico da justiça brasileira, comparando sempre que possível ao evento de tomada de depoimento tradicional, utilizando a descrição etnográfica da tomada de depoimentos, a partir da metodologia desenvolvida por Virgínia Colares, como parâmetro para nossa pesquisa. Quanto a metodologia empregada, trata-se de um Estudo de Caso Etnográfico descritivo-explicativo desenvolvido através de pesquisa observacional do evento tomada de depoimento audiovisual. A pesquisa foi realizada em dois estágios: o primeiro, observacional, o qual compreende as anotações do evento tomada de depoimento audiovisual; o segundo, descritivo-explicativo, que compreende a análise das principais características do processo eletrônico, mas destacadamente, da depoimento audiovisual do qual poderá envolver o uso de técnicas padronizadas de coleta de dados. Busca-se averiguar que o sistema tradicional de registro de depoimentos, com a redução a termo feita pelo juiz, após ouvir o depoente, é falha, pois não permite à complexidade do depoimento ser efetivamente refletida, no papel, não captando as expressões, as dúvidas, as certezas e outros aspectos relevantes do depoimento. O registro audiovisual dos depoimentos permite a superação de certas incompletudes da tomada de depoimentos com redução a termo, pois irá refletir com incomparável fidedignidade a totalidade do depoimento, e não apenas a impressão que o juiz instrutor dele teve e, de forma pessoal, transmitiu para o papel / This paper deals with the event taking testimony from the audiovisual methodology Ethnographic Case Study. This study is justified by procedural changes arising from art. 187 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, with the wording included by Law No. 10,792 of 1 December 2003, which prescribes the manner in which the judge must conduct the examination of the defendant. The motivation for this work came from the need to employ new perspectives in legal research determined by the principle of transdisciplinarity. Hence the use of theoretical and methodological assumptions of linguistics and ethnography, which will enable such transgress legal boundaries in order to devise possible solutions to complex problems and present, such as those related to Information Society and application of Information and Communication Technologies in proceedings. The objective of this work is the description of the event taking of testimony in the electronic process of Brazilian justice, comparing where possible to take the deposition event traditionally, using ethnographic description of the taking of testimony from the methodology developed by Virginia Necklaces, as parameter to our research. The methodology used, it is an Ethnographic Case Studyexplanatory descriptive observational research developed through the event making audiovisual testimony. The survey was conducted in two stages: first, observational, which includes the notes of testimony taken audiovisual event, the second descriptive, explanatory, which includes the analysis of the main features of the electronic process, but notably, the testimony of the audiovisual which may involve the use of standardized techniques for data collection. Search to find out that the traditional system of registration statements, by reducing the term made by the judge, after hearing the witness, is flawed because it does not allow the complexity of the testimony be effectively reflected in the paper, not capturing the expressions, doubts, certainties and other relevant aspects of the testimony. The audiovisual record of the testimony allows the overcoming of certain incompleteness of the taking of testimony with reduced term because it will reflect all with unmatched reliability of the testimony, not just the impression that the judge had his instructor and, personally, sent to paper

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:18:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_francisco_lopes.pdf: 2659858 bytes, checksum: c3b83b5297d32cf5d7a529519df8228d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-01 / This paper deals with the event taking testimony from the audiovisual methodology Ethnographic Case Study. This study is justified by procedural changes arising from art. 187 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, with the wording included by Law No. 10,792 of 1 December 2003, which prescribes the manner in which the judge must conduct the examination of the defendant. The motivation for this work came from the need to employ new perspectives in legal research determined by the principle of transdisciplinarity. Hence the use of theoretical and methodological assumptions of linguistics and ethnography, which will enable such transgress legal boundaries in order to devise possible solutions to complex problems and present, such as those related to Information Society and application of Information and Communication Technologies in proceedings. The objective of this work is the description of the event taking of testimony in the electronic process of Brazilian justice, comparing where possible to take the deposition event traditionally, using ethnographic description of the taking of testimony from the methodology developed by Virginia Necklaces, as parameter to our research. The methodology used, it is an Ethnographic Case Studyexplanatory descriptive observational research developed through the event making audiovisual testimony. The survey was conducted in two stages: first, observational, which includes the notes of testimony taken audiovisual event, the second descriptive, explanatory, which includes the analysis of the main features of the electronic process, but notably, the testimony of the audiovisual which may involve the use of standardized techniques for data collection. Search to find out that the traditional system of registration statements, by reducing the term made by the judge, after hearing the witness, is flawed because it does not allow the complexity of the testimony be effectively reflected in the paper, not capturing the expressions, doubts, certainties and other relevant aspects of the testimony. The audiovisual record of the testimony allows the overcoming of certain incompleteness of the taking of testimony with reduced term because it will reflect all with unmatched reliability of the testimony, not just the impression that the judge had his instructor and, personally, sent to paper / O presente trabalho aborda o evento tomada de depoimento audiovisual a partir da metodologia de Estudo de Caso Etnográfico. Este estudo justifica-se pelas alterações processuais decorrentes do art. 187 do Código de Processo Penal, com redação incluída pela Lei nº 10.792, de 01 de dezembro de 2003, que prescreve a maneira pela qual o magistrado deve realizar a inquirição do réu. A motivação para esta dissertação partiu da necessidade de se empregar nas pesquisas jurídicas novas perspectivas determinadas pelo princípio da transdisciplinaridade. Daí a utilização de pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da lingüística e da etnografia, que possibilitará transgredirmos tais fronteiras jurídicas, no intuito de arquitetar soluções possíveis a problemáticas complexos e atuais, como aquelas ligadas a Sociedade da Informação e a aplicação das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação, nos procedimentos judiciais. O objetivo deste trabalho é a descrição do evento tomada de depoimento no processo eletrônico da justiça brasileira, comparando sempre que possível ao evento de tomada de depoimento tradicional, utilizando a descrição etnográfica da tomada de depoimentos, a partir da metodologia desenvolvida por Virgínia Colares, como parâmetro para nossa pesquisa. Quanto a metodologia empregada, trata-se de um Estudo de Caso Etnográfico descritivo-explicativo desenvolvido através de pesquisa observacional do evento tomada de depoimento audiovisual. A pesquisa foi realizada em dois estágios: o primeiro, observacional, o qual compreende as anotações do evento tomada de depoimento audiovisual; o segundo, descritivo-explicativo, que compreende a análise das principais características do processo eletrônico, mas destacadamente, da depoimento audiovisual do qual poderá envolver o uso de técnicas padronizadas de coleta de dados. Busca-se averiguar que o sistema tradicional de registro de depoimentos, com a redução a termo feita pelo juiz, após ouvir o depoente, é falha, pois não permite à complexidade do depoimento ser efetivamente refletida, no papel, não captando as expressões, as dúvidas, as certezas e outros aspectos relevantes do depoimento. O registro audiovisual dos depoimentos permite a superação de certas incompletudes da tomada de depoimentos com redução a termo, pois irá refletir com incomparável fidedignidade a totalidade do depoimento, e não apenas a impressão que o juiz instrutor dele teve e, de forma pessoal, transmitiu para o papel

La recherche menée dans cette thèse traite du discours de l’Union européenne sur l’espace judiciaire européen entre 1996 et 1999. En convoquant l’analyse du discours et la lexicométrie dans un cadre théorique de la sémantique argumentative, elle analyse le sens des mots autour de l’expression « espace de liberté, de sécurité et de justice ». L’objectif est de définir comment s’élabore la réappropriation de valeurs universelles au profit du discours et de l’identité européenne véhiculée par les procédés argumentatifs utilisés pour représenter l’espace judiciaire européen. Le contexte politique et les théories linguistiques de la méthode d’analyse exposés, cette thèse porte sur les conditions de communication du discours et de sa particularité sémantique, en montrant qu’il construit une identité en triade renvoyant aux trois valeurs de son emblème triptyque (« liberté, sécurité et justice ») :les institutions, la criminalité organisée et les citoyens. Elle révèle les indices linguistiques de cette construction identitaire avec ses enjeux politiques et de légitimation en introduisant la notion de « normalisation discursive ». Celle-ci adopte un schéma linguistique très marqué conduisant à la mise en œuvre d’un processus de « manipulation argumentative » défini et démontré dans ce travail. Les résultats illustrent que la normalisation et la manipulation engendrent une circularité du discours reposant sur le conflit de deux orientations discursives :celle d’un discours sécuritaire et celle d’un discours sur l’État de droit et la démocratie.<p><p>This thesis studies the discourse of the European Union about the European Judicial Network between 1996 and 1999. Using discourse analysis and lexicometrics within the theoretical framework of argumentative semantics, it explores the meaning of words associated with the expression of « area of freedom, security and justice ». The research mainly aims at understanding how the discourse reappropriate universal values in order to construct, through argumentative processes, a European identity that embodies the European Judicial Network. After presenting the political context and the linguistic theories used in the analysis methods, the thesis examines the conditions of discourse production and its semantic particularities. It argues that the discourse constructs an identity based on the values (liberty, security and justice) conveyed by the three pillars of the European Judicial Network :institutions, organised crime and citizens. The thesis then puts forward the idea of a “discursive normalisation” that helps, through its linguistic forms, to legitimate the identity construction and its political issues. It also defines a process of “argumentative manipulation” resulting from this “discursive normalisation” implementing a very distinctive linguistic frame. According to those results, the research concludes that normalisation and manipulation generate circularity of the discourse, which is based on the conflict between two discursive orientations, on the one hand security and on the other hand democracy and the Rule of law. / Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation langue et littérature / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished