El presente proyecto de investigación se centra en la reducción de la generación de productos defectuosos mediante el uso de la metodología Lean Six Sigma. En primer lugar, se iniciará con el diagnóstico de la situación actual de la empresa en estudio donde se identifica que el FPY se encuentra con el valor de 88.08% del año en estudio, esto representa un total de 11.92% de desperdicio. La investigación contempla el uso de los pasos DMAIC, para poder atender las causas relacionadas al problema; la primera etapa es definir y consiste en la elaboración del Project Charter y del diagrama SIPOC para la caracterización del proceso Extrusión; como segunda etapa es medir y se emplean los histogramas para determinar la distribución de los rechazos, seguidamente se validará el sistema de medición. La etapa de analizar está enfocada a los resultados obtenidos y también se aplicará el FMEA para poder identificar y controlar los riesgos del proceso, en la etapa siguiente se aplicará las herramientas 5S y DOE. Como última etapa se emplearán cartas de control y la elaboración de procedimientos y actividades para la estandarización. Posterior a la implementación, se estima una disminución del índice desperdicio de 11.92% a 10.72%, dicho beneficio se reflejará en un impacto positivo sobre las ventas. De esta forma, las herramientas implementadas y los resultados conseguidos referidos en el artículo pueden servir de punto de partida a nuevos investigadores que desean aumentar la productividad en las empresas del sector. / This research project focuses on reducing the generation of defective products through Lean Six Sigma methodology. At first place, it will begin with the diagnosis of the current situation of the company under study, where FPY KPI is at 88.08% of the year under study, this represents a total of 11.92% of total waste. The investigation contemplates usage of DMAIC steps, to be able to attend the causes related to the problem; The first stage is to define and consists of the elaboration of the Project Charter and the SIPOC diagram for the characterization of the Extrusion process; as a second stage is to measure and histograms are used to determine the distribution of rejections, then measurement system will be validated. The analyze stage is focused on the results obtained and FMEA will also be applied to identify and control the risks of the process, in the next stage the 5S and DOE tools will be applied. As a last stage, control charts and the development of procedures and activities for standardization will be used. After implementation, a decrease in the waste rate is estimated from 11.92% to 10.72%, this benefit will be reflected in a positive impact on sales. In this way, the tools implemented and the results obtained referred in this article can serve as a starting point for new researchers who want to increase productivity in companies in the sector. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

Organisations with high-performing data and analytics capabilities are more successful than organisations with lower analytics maturity. It is therefore necessary for organisations to assess their analytics capabilities and needs in order to identify and evaluate areas of improvement that need to be addressed. This was the purpose of this case study conducted on a region in a global B2B organisation, which has a centrally established analytics function on corporate level, wanting the use of analytics to be integrated in more of the region’s processes and analytical capabilities and resources being used as efficient as possible.To fulfil the thesis purpose, empirical data was collected through qualitative interviews with employees on corporate level, more quantitative interviews with regional employees and a questionnaire issued to regional employees. This was complemented with a thorough literature study which provided the analytics maturity models used for identifying the current capabilities on a holistic level of the region, as well as analytics setups, Lean Six Sigma and Knowledge Management. Results show a relatively low analytics maturity due to e.g. insufficient support from management, unclear responsibility of analytics, data not being used correctly or requested enough and various issues with competence, tools and sources.This study contributes to analytics research by identifying that analytics maturity models available free of charge only are good for inspiration and not full use when used in a large company. Furthermore, the study shows that complexities arise when having a central analytics function with low analytics maturity while other parts of the company face analytics problems but no indications are given on who and what to proceed on or not. This study therefore results in contributing with a proposition for companies wanting to increase its analytics maturity that this could be facilitated by establishing networks for analytics. Combining literature and empirics show that networks enable investigation of the analytics situation while at the same time enabling increased sharing, collaboration, innovation, coordination and dissemination. By making Lean Six Sigma a central part of the network analytics will be used more and better while at the same time increasing the success-rate of change and improvements projects.

The complexity of sustainable building maintenance environment requires managers to define and implement appropriate quality benchmark system suitable for this function. Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is one of the most effective process improvement and optimization philosophy that maintenance organisations can implement in their environment. However, literature review has shown that 90% of failures in LSS implementations are due to lack of readiness to change, the unawareness of the required benchmark organisation capabilities, and improper control of priorities. The contribution of the current research approach is in developing a hybrid Knowledge-Based (KB)/GAP/AHP System, consisting of three stages (Planning, Designing and Implementation) and containing over 2500 KB rules. The KB System can assist the decision-makers in identifying the obstacles behind the organisation readiness to change into a benchmark LSS maintenance environment. Thus the KB System will be used to achieve benchmark standards by determining the gap existing between the current environment and the benchmark goal, and then suggest a detailed plan to overcome these hurdles in a prioritised and structured manner, thus achieving cost benefits. To ensure its consistency and reliability, the KB System was validated in three Oman-based maintenance organisations, and one published case study for a UK-based organisation. The results from the validation were positive with the System output suggesting list of top priorities and action plans for achieving benchmark LSS standards for these organisations. The research concludes that the developed KB System is a consistent and reliable methodology for assisting decision-makers in designing, planning, and implementing LSS for benchmark sustainable building maintenance.

The purpose of this research is to explore how Double Loop Learning (DLL) and Lean Six Sigma tool (i.e. DMAIC-Defined, Measure, Analysis, Improvement, and Control) can be used to reduce Food Waste and Loss (FWL) in the processing and distribution units of the Food Supply Chain (FSC) in the developing countries. This study is motivated base on the identified research problem of which about one-third of every food produce is wasted yearly, which equates to 1.3 billion tonnes of food throughout the entire food supply chain, with up to 50% of FWL occur at the pre-consumption stage of FSC in the developing countries. The economic values of FWL in Sub-Saharan Africa amount to $230 billion yearly. Therefore, the focus has been on how to reduce the magnitude of FWL at the pre-consumption stage of the FSC in the developing countries while promoting continuous improvement practices. Though technological, environmental, and Supply Chain Strategies (SCS) aimed at reducing FWL are effective in some parts of the world but the effectiveness of those strategies in some countries is hindered by poor supply chain activities. This research adopted a qualitative research method through the use of multiple case study strategies, with the aid of semi-structured interviews, observation, and documents to explore the perception, understanding, and experience of the FSC stakeholders on how DMAIC-DLL can be used to reduce FWL. The findings of this study show that with the DMAIC-DLL framework, the root causes of FWL at the pre-consumption stage were identified. The study found that some Lean tools, employee improvisation, learning practices are some of the strategies that could be used in reducing FWL. The findings suggest that experiential learning, collaborative learning, and on-job training are effective learning mechanisms that could be used to promote learning in the adoption of DMAIC-DLL in the FSC. Therefore, this research contributes towards the ongoing debate on how to reduce FWL as well as the wider debate learning mechanisms that support continuous improvement practices. Future research should explore how DMAIC-DLL can be extended to other settings other than the food industry. / Federal Government of Nigeria through the Petroleum Trust Development Fund (PTDF)

<p dir="ltr">Engineering Technology (ET) programs are pivotal in preparing graduates for the demands of the modern workforce, particularly in quality management systems (QMS). This study examines the alignment between QMS knowledge and experience gained by graduates in ABET-accredited ET programs and the expectations of industry. Through a dual-survey approach, targeting both industry leaders and academic educators, the research elucidates current QMS practices in industry, the scope of QMS education, and the resulting preparedness of graduates for professional roles. Findings indicate a discernible gap between industry expectations and current academic offerings in QMS education. While industry professionals rely on established QMS frameworks such as ISO 9001 and Lean Six Sigma, academic programs often limit their coverage to theoretical underpinnings rather than hands-on, practical applications. This discrepancy highlights the need for a more robust, application-oriented curriculum that bridges theoretical knowledge with real-world practice. Recommendations include a call for greater integration of practical QMS training within academic programs and stronger partnerships between academia and industry to foster educational content that aligns with professional QMS applications.</p>

Following Toyota's dramatic rise to prominence within the automotive industry in the late 1980's, firms around the globe have widely sought to adopt Lean Six Sigma (LSS) as a means of reducing costs, improving quality, and gaining an overall competitive advantage. While the operational benefits of LSS are largely undisputed, there are criticisms of the movement with regards to its effect on firm innovation capability. Prior academic studies investigating the relationship between LSS and innovation are largely conceptual in nature, rely heavily on qualitative data, and display a high degree of variability in results. The objective of this work was to empirically confirm whether LSS adoption had a positive, negative, or neutral impact on firm innovation performance.Financial data was collected for 151 publicly traded firms over the period from 1985 to 2018. The year of company-wide adoption of LSS was identified for each sample firm. Firms were paired with industry rivals using Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM), and statistical regressions were performed to show correlations between LSS implementation (as measured by inventory turns) and innovation performance (as measured by Total Factor Productivity, Research Quotient, and Tobin's Quotient). Regression results indicated that LSS implementation had a positive correlation with firm process innovation performance and the overall market perception of firm innovation and value, and a negative-to-neutral correlation with firm product innovation performance. Additional regressions performed at the industry-sector level revealed that the LSS-innovation relationship varies greatly by industry environment and is subject to unique industry effects and management implementation decisions.

Submitted by DANIEL AUGUSTO RAINHA ROLANDO null (danielrolando@gmail.com) on 2018-04-05T16:00:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Rolando-DAR.pdf: 3156622 bytes, checksum: ac92904a2c656de7add0c53bd32f6e49 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-04-06T18:54:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rolando_dar_me_guara.pdf: 3156622 bytes, checksum: ac92904a2c656de7add0c53bd32f6e49 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-06T18:54:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rolando_dar_me_guara.pdf: 3156622 bytes, checksum: ac92904a2c656de7add0c53bd32f6e49 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-16 / Para a delimitação de um processo de tomada de decisão na escolha de projetos Lean Six Sigma, é necessário definir os fatores críticos, tanto de sucesso (como por exemplo: envolvimento e comprometimento da gestão, entendimento das ferramentas e técnicas do Lean Six Sigma, ligação do projeto com a estratégia de negócios) quanto de fracasso (como por exemplo a falta do envolvimento da gestão, resistência à mudança cultural, inexistência de gestão de projetos). Desta forma, este trabalho foi conduzido por meio de modelagem com validação de dados reais, com o objetivo de propor uma adaptação de métodos de auxílio à tomada a decisão para seleção de projetos Lean Six Sigma baseado nos fatores críticos de sucesso e fracasso. Para tanto, com base na revisão da literatura, foram identificados os fatores críticos de sucesso e fracasso para seleção de projetos Lean Six Sigma. Em seguida, uma análise de dois métodos de tomada de decisão multicritério, PROMETHEE e ANP, foi realizada por meio da aplicação dos modelos em um portfólio de projetos de uma empresa multinacional de grande porte. Como resultado, houve assertividade de 95% na seleção dos melhores projetos do portfólio, comparado aos projetos executados pela empresa mostrando-se que os dois modelos são aderentes ao problema. Como resultado, é possível constatar que o PROMETHEE se mostrou mais assertivo, principalmente nas comparações quantitativas, tendo aplicabilidade tanto para decisões individuais quanto em grupos. O ANP, por fazer a análise de preferência dos critérios de forma pareada (utilizando a escala comparativa de Saaty) torna mais fácil seu em grupos grandes de decisores, porém a comparação utilizando a escala de Saaty dificulta a análise de critérios quantitativos, bem como para pequenos grupos ou em decisões individuais. / To define a decision-making process in the Lean Six Sigma projects’ choice, it is necessary to define the critical success factors (e. g., management involvement and commitment, understanding the tools and techniques of Lean Six Sigma methodologies), and critical failure factors (e. g., lack of management involvement, cultural change resistance, project management weakness, etc.). In this way, this work was conducted through the modeling method with the objective of proposing an adaptation of decision-making aid methods process to select Lean Six Sigma projects based on the critical success and critical failure factors. Therefore, based on the literature review, the critical success and critical failure factors for the selection of Lean Six Sigma projects were identified. An analysis of two multi-criteria decision-making methods, PROMETHEE and ANP, was performed through the application of the models in a project portfolio of a large multinational company, presenting 95% assertiveness in the selection of the best portfolio projects compared to the executed projects by the company, showing that the two models are adherent to the problem. In addition, PROMETHEE has been more assertive, mainly in quantitative comparisons, and the use of the method are applied for both individual and group decisions; the ANP, by doing the preference analysis of the criteria in pair-to-pair way, using the Saaty’s comparative scale, makes it easier in large groups of decision makers. However, the comparison using the Saaty scale makes it difficult to analyze quantitative criteria as well as small groups or in individual decisions

La presente investigación tiene por finalidad establecer una propuesta de mejora en el proceso productivo de pasta de ajo de una MYPE perteneciente al sector de industrias alimentarias, en razón de que su eficiencia muestra indicadores por debajo de la eficiencia media del sector. La hipótesis central que se detalla en los capítulos siguientes, sostiene que la causa de esta brecha se da por la demora entre procesos y existencia de reprocesos, originados a su vez debido a que los procedimientos empleados en la producción, son bastante manuales y elementales, sin contar con soporte de algún medio tecnológico, así como la falta de estandarización en algunos procesos críticos. En este contexto, la adecuación de un sistema de balance de línea y la implementación de un equipo de atmósfera controlada, en los procesos de limpieza y selección de materia prima y burbujeo respectivamente, prevé elevar el nivel de productividad de la empresa, pasando de un 10% a 27% de eficiencia. De la misma forma, la estandarización de procesos en la calibración de equipo en el sub proceso de envasado, disminuirá la existencia de reprocesos, disminuyendo la variabilidad y previendo elevar su capacidad de proceso de 0.21 a 0.42 aproximadamente. Por el lado del aporte de la presente investigación, y ante el gran porcentaje de emprendimientos que fracasan durante sus primeros años de vida, se plantea que esta tesis sirva de guía para orientar los esfuerzos hacia la dirección correcta, que coadyuve a generar conocimiento técnico en pos del desarrollo tecnológico de la industria peruana. / The purpose of this research, is to establish a proposal for improvement in the garlic paste production process of a SME belonging to the food industries sector, because its efficiency shows indicators below the average efficiency of the sector. The central hypothesis that is detailed in the following chapters, maintains that the cause of this gap is due to the delay between processes and the existence of reprocesses, originated in turn due to the fact that the procedures used in production are quite manual and elementary, without the support of some technological means, as well as the lack of standardization in some critical processes In this context, the adaptation of a line balance system and the implementation of a controlled atmosphere equipment, in the processes of cleaning and selection of raw material and bubbling respectively, foresees to raise the level of productivity of the company, going from a 10% to 27% efficiency. In the same way, the standardization of processes in the calibration of equipment in the packaging sub-process will reduce the existence of reprocesses, reducing variability and anticipating increasing its process capacity from 0.21 to 0.42 approximately. On the side of the contribution of this research, and given the large percentage of enterprises that fail during their first years of life, it is proposed that this thesis serves as a guide to orient efforts in the right direction, which helps to generate technical knowledge in aligned to the technological development of the Peruvian industry. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional

En la presente tesis se estudia la aplicación de las herramientas del Lean Six Sigma en el desarrollo de una metodología para la evaluación de proyectos auríferos de vetas angostas en el norte del Perú. Dichas herramientas responden a controles de calidad, tiempo y procesos, los cuales tienen como finalidad el desarrollo de la evaluación económica del Proyecto Trinidad. La propuesta se desarrolló, en primer lugar, con un análisis inicial del proyecto Trinidad con la finalidad de generar estrategias, dicha actividad consta de tres partes: matriz inicial del proyecto, House of Quality y análisis FODA. En segundo lugar, se determinaron las mermas operativas y se diseñó el mapa de flujo de procesos mediante la herramienta BPM (Business Process Management). En tercer lugar, se estableció un control en los tiempos para los procesos identificados para la evaluación del proyecto, mediante la herramienta JIT (Just In Time), es aquí donde se determina los plazos para las actividades involucradas, desde gestión de información hasta cálculo de recursos, método y secuenciamiento de minado y determinación de costos. Finalmente, se analiza el valor del proyecto y el riesgo que conlleva su ejecución. Mediante indicadores como VAN y TIR calculados a partir de la identificación del CAPEX, OPEX y el flujo de caja obtenido del valor teórico de los recursos y los costos operativos. / This thesis studies the application of Lean Six Sigma tools in the development of a methodology for evaluating narrow vein gold projects in northern Peru. Such tools respond to quality, time and process controls, which are intended to develop the economic evaluation of the Trinidad Project. The proposal was developed, firstly, with an initial analysis of the Trinidad project in order to generate strategies, said activity consists of three parts: initial project matrix, House of Quality and SWOT analysis. Secondly, operational losses were determined and the process flow map was designed using the BPM (Business Process Management) tool. Third, a control was established in the times for the processes identified for the evaluation of the project, through the JIT (Just In Time) tool, it is here where the deadlines for the activities involved are determined, from information management to calculation of resources, mining method and sequencing and cost determination. Finally, the value of the project and the risk involved in its execution are analyzed. Through indicators such as NPV and IRR calculated from the identification of CAPEX, OPEX and the cash flow obtained from the theoretical value of resources and operating costs. / Tesis

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