Cette thèse a été développée dans le programme de troisième cycle en informatique dans l'éducation. Cette levée d'une partie théorique à la compréhension de la présence sociale en environnement virtuel de l'apprentissage (AVA), la demande de localisation et de contextualisation de l'éducation à distance (EAD) en ligne, la création d'un outil de collecte de données pour la vérification de la sociale présence des membres d'une AVA fréquentes, et ses demande de prolongation des cours de trois essais, comme les vérificateurs de son applicabilité et de mettre en évidence l'existence ou non de la présence dans un environnement social. Utilisé dans la théorie soulevée auteurs classiques et contemporains, de la sociologie, l'anthropologie et d'autres domaines de la connaissance. Partie du principe que la FOAD en direct est un produit de la mentalité de la modernité, telle qu'elle est conforme aux exigences d'aujourd'hui. Il constate que la perception de la présence sociale est très importante pour aider le processus d'enseignement et d'apprentissage en ligne de l'EOD donc clair certains aspects de la logique sociale en environnement virtuel de l'apprentissage. Cette perception peut également servir d'aide à l'élaboration de ces mesures et d'autres environnements qui présentent des caractéristiques similaires. / A presente tese foi desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática na Educação. Trata de um levantamento teórico das bases fundamentais para o entendimento da presença social em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA), da procura de localização e contextualização da Educação a Distância (EAD) Online, da criação de um instrumento de coleta de dados para a verificação da presença social por parte dos membros freqüentes de um AVA e da sua subseqüente aplicação em três cursos de extensão como testes verificadores da sua aplicabilidade, além de evidenciar a existência ou não da presença social nestes ambientes. Utilizou-se na teoria levantada autores clássicos e contemporâneos da sociologia, antropologia e de outras áreas do conhecimento. Parte do princípio que a EAD Online é um produto da mentalidade da hodiernidade, pois está sintonizada com as exigências dos dias atuais. Compreende que verificar a percepção da presença social é muito importante para auxiliar o processo ensino-aprendizagem da EAD Online, elucidando alguns aspectos das lógicas sociais nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem. Essa percepção também pode servir como ajuda no desenvolvimento destes ambientes e de outros que tenham características semelhantes. / This thesis has been developed in the Post-Graduate Program in Computer in Education. This lifting of a theoretical to the understanding of the social presence in virtual environments for learning (AVA), the demand for location and contextualization of Distance Education (EAD) Online, the creation of a tool for collecting data for the verification of the social presence of the members of a frequent AVA and its subsequent application for extension courses in three tests as verifiers of its applicability and highlight the existence or not of the presence in social environments. Used in the theory raised authors of classic and contemporary sociology, anthropology and other areas of knowledge. Part of the principle that the ODL Online is a product of the mentality of the modernity, as it is line with the requirements of today. It finds that the perception of social presence is very important to help the teaching-learning process of ODL Online therefore clear some aspects of social logic in virtual environments for learning. That perception can also serve as an aid in the development of these and other environments that have similar characteristics.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:39:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5020.pdf: 1446710 bytes, checksum: 36799f21e9a4eac620a708772b82d4f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25 / The Learning Management System (LMS) has become extremely attractive because of the development of tools that enable synchronous and asynchronous interaction between users connected to the internet. The system has being adopted by many educational institutions, especially in the higher education ones. In this paper we describe the development, use and evaluation of a course built on the LMS Moodle with the main objective of checking its potential to complement the lessons of subject "Experimentação para o ensino de Química 1 e 2", offered to undergraduate students in Chemistry of Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). Moodle course area was built to provide students some materials and activities that allow communication about issues related to experiment on teaching with a focus on environmental sustainability and Green Chemistry. Undergraduate chemistry students voluntarily participated in the research during the first and second semesters of 2012. The data was collected through the textual productions in forums with the participation of all undergraduates and where there was a questionnaire and a final evaluation of the course "Experimentação para o ensino de Química 2". Throughout the course the students used the environment as a privileged place to express themselves and to build the collective knowledge, since this tool has provided to licensees recognition and appropriation of another training space that supports debate which is not possible in the classroom very often. We conclude that virtual learning environments focused on teacher education can enhance the work done in the classroom. / Com o desenvolvimento das ferramentas que permitem a interação sincrônica e assincrônica entre usuários conectados à internet, os ambiente virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA) tornaram-se extremamente atrativos, sendo adotados por diversas instituições de ensino, principalmente as de ensino superior. No presente trabalho descrevemos a elaboração, utilização e a avaliação de um curso construído no AVA Moodle com o objetivo principal de averiguarmos seu potencial para complementar as aulas da disciplina Experimentação para o ensino de Química 1 e 2 , ofertadas aos licenciandos em Química da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), do campus de São Carlos. A área do curso no Moodle foi construída para disponibilizar materiais de estudo e atividades que permitissem o diálogo a respeito de questões relativas à experimentação voltada ao ensino com enfoque na sustentabilidade socioambiental e Química Verde. Participaram voluntariamente da pesquisa licenciandos em Química no primeiro e segundo semestres de 2012. Os dados foram coletados por intermédio das produções textuais em fóruns que contaram com a participação de todos os licenciandos, de um questionário e da avaliação final da disciplina Experimentação para o ensino de Química 2 . Ao longo da disciplina os alunos utilizaram o ambiente como um locus privilegiado para expressarem-se e para a construção do saber coletivo, visto que essa ferramenta propiciou aos licenciandos o reconhecimento e apropriação de um espaço formativo que favorece o debate, muitas vezes, não possível de ocorrer em sala de aula. Conclui-se que os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem voltados à formação docente podem potencializar o trabalho realizado em sala de aula.

Cette thèse a été développée dans le programme de troisième cycle en informatique dans l'éducation. Cette levée d'une partie théorique à la compréhension de la présence sociale en environnement virtuel de l'apprentissage (AVA), la demande de localisation et de contextualisation de l'éducation à distance (EAD) en ligne, la création d'un outil de collecte de données pour la vérification de la sociale présence des membres d'une AVA fréquentes, et ses demande de prolongation des cours de trois essais, comme les vérificateurs de son applicabilité et de mettre en évidence l'existence ou non de la présence dans un environnement social. Utilisé dans la théorie soulevée auteurs classiques et contemporains, de la sociologie, l'anthropologie et d'autres domaines de la connaissance. Partie du principe que la FOAD en direct est un produit de la mentalité de la modernité, telle qu'elle est conforme aux exigences d'aujourd'hui. Il constate que la perception de la présence sociale est très importante pour aider le processus d'enseignement et d'apprentissage en ligne de l'EOD donc clair certains aspects de la logique sociale en environnement virtuel de l'apprentissage. Cette perception peut également servir d'aide à l'élaboration de ces mesures et d'autres environnements qui présentent des caractéristiques similaires. / A presente tese foi desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática na Educação. Trata de um levantamento teórico das bases fundamentais para o entendimento da presença social em ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem (AVA), da procura de localização e contextualização da Educação a Distância (EAD) Online, da criação de um instrumento de coleta de dados para a verificação da presença social por parte dos membros freqüentes de um AVA e da sua subseqüente aplicação em três cursos de extensão como testes verificadores da sua aplicabilidade, além de evidenciar a existência ou não da presença social nestes ambientes. Utilizou-se na teoria levantada autores clássicos e contemporâneos da sociologia, antropologia e de outras áreas do conhecimento. Parte do princípio que a EAD Online é um produto da mentalidade da hodiernidade, pois está sintonizada com as exigências dos dias atuais. Compreende que verificar a percepção da presença social é muito importante para auxiliar o processo ensino-aprendizagem da EAD Online, elucidando alguns aspectos das lógicas sociais nos ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem. Essa percepção também pode servir como ajuda no desenvolvimento destes ambientes e de outros que tenham características semelhantes. / This thesis has been developed in the Post-Graduate Program in Computer in Education. This lifting of a theoretical to the understanding of the social presence in virtual environments for learning (AVA), the demand for location and contextualization of Distance Education (EAD) Online, the creation of a tool for collecting data for the verification of the social presence of the members of a frequent AVA and its subsequent application for extension courses in three tests as verifiers of its applicability and highlight the existence or not of the presence in social environments. Used in the theory raised authors of classic and contemporary sociology, anthropology and other areas of knowledge. Part of the principle that the ODL Online is a product of the mentality of the modernity, as it is line with the requirements of today. It finds that the perception of social presence is very important to help the teaching-learning process of ODL Online therefore clear some aspects of social logic in virtual environments for learning. That perception can also serve as an aid in the development of these and other environments that have similar characteristics.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Neila Batista Xavier.pdf: 16096870 bytes, checksum: 14fa0cdac4b0ae0046b9b6a6b2e06c88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-09 / With the continued and increasing use of Learning Management System (LMS) in educational institutions, it is necessary for coordinators and administrators effectively manage the online courses in order to ensure good monitoring and superior levels looking for ways to improve the management of online courses. Thus, considering the difficulties in the aspect of infrastructure and time to become familiar with the resources available, the researchers realized the need to know the opinion of people with experience in Distance Education and higher level positions to decision-making. During the investigation of the problem, was held collection and analysis of information on the performance of LMS in the follow-up courses process. The results revealed the need to implement a tool that would help the monitoring of online courses. Based on this information, this paper proposes and describes an approach based on a Multi-Agent System for this problem. The system has the purpose to support the management of online courses through intelligent agents. From the use of the proposed system, the coordinator of an online courses get condensed and quick information of each current course, facilitating managerial vision by reporting and organized graphics, and receive periodically a message via email about the current status of each course. Thus, intelligent agents show specific situations of access students, tutors and teachers, and help the follow-up activities. To validate the work, was carried out a case study in the postgraduate courses in online mode with several real disciplines concurrently taking place in a Federal Institute of Education (IFE) of Amazonas state. The case study aimed evaluate the feasibility of the proposal, and from the results obtained in the test can be concluded that with using the developed system was possible to improve the monitoring of levels of online courses, assist in making decisions and thus enable the adoption of new teaching strategies / Com o contínuo e crescente uso de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVA) em instituições de ensino, é necessário que coordenadores e administradores gerenciem efetivamente os cursos de Educação a Distância (EaD), a fim de garantir um bom acompanhamento e níveis de qualidade superior, buscando meios para aperfeiçoar o gerenciamento de cursos on-line. Assim, considerando as dificuldades no aspecto de infraestrutura e tempo para familiarizar-se com os recursos disponíveis, os pesquisadores perceberam a necessidade de conhecer a opinião de pessoas com experiência em EaD e em cargos de nível hierárquico superior para tomada de decisões. Durante a investigação do problema, foi realizada a coleta e a análise de informações sobre o desempenho de AVAs no processo de acompanhamento de cursos. Os resultados revelaram a necessidade da implantação de uma ferramenta que auxiliasse o acompanhamento dos cursos online. Com base nessas informações, o presente trabalho propõe e descreve uma abordagem baseada em um Sistema Multiagente (SMA) para esse problema. O sistema tem como proposta apoiar a gestão de cursos on-line por meio de Agentes Inteligentes (AIs). A partir do uso do sistema proposto, o coordenador dos cursos de um AVA obtêm informações condensadas e rápidas de cada curso corrente, facilitando a visão gerencial mediante a apresentação de relatórios e gráficos organizados, além de receber, periodicamente, uma mensagem via e-mail a respeito da situação atual de cada curso. Desta forma, os AIs evidenciam situações específicas do acesso de alunos, tutores e professores, além de auxiliar o acompanhamento de atividades. Para validar o trabalho, foi realizado um Estudo de Caso em cursos de Pós-Graduação na modalidade EaD com várias disciplinas reais ocorrendo concomitantemente em um Instituto Federal de Educação (IFE) do estado do Amazonas. O Estudo de Caso teve como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade da proposta, e a partir dos resultados obtidos nos testes realizados pode-se concluir que com o uso do sistema desenvolvido foi possível melhorar os níveis de acompanhamento dos cursos on-line, auxiliar no processo de tomada de decisões e, assim, possibilitar a adoção de novas estratégias pedagógicas.

Orientador: Elaine Cristina Catapani Poletti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T15:55:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aguado_AlexandreGarcia_M.pdf: 4327613 bytes, checksum: fee5c1f64858971fddc0117b9f1f2e88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa analisa as contribuições que o Movimento do Software Livre pode trazer à formação de redes de colaboração na educação. Um modelo de rede de colaboração foi criado a partir de um estudo piloto considerando a dinâmica de colaboração existente nas comunidades de software livre, aspectos relevantes na busca de uma educação dialógica e as possibilidades geradas pelas Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) implementadas através de softwares livres. Esse modelo foi aplicado em um curso de capacitação de professores cujo tema foi O Moodle como apoio ao ensino presencial, o qual criou um ambiente adequado para a pesquisa em questão além de promover reflexões coletivas acerca de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizem, TIC na Educação e a busca de um processo de educação dialógica. Considerando que fatores como comportamento, reações e opiniões são altamente relevantes no contexto citado, no que tange à metodologia adotada, esta enquadra-se como pesquisa qualitativa. Os resultados alcançados revelam uma série de contribuições que este modelo de rede de colaboração tende a oferecer para a área da educação, em especial, a necessidade do processo dialógico ser construído a partir da auto-reflexão que leva a tomada de consciência e uma vez socializada fortalece o grupo na construção de conhecimento. As conclusões também apontam para uma breve análise sobre as diferentes características das TIC adotadas, tais como chat, videoconferência, wiki, fórum e em especial o Moodle, como ferramenta a proporcionar a centralização dessas TIC em um único ambiente, favorecendo a organização do grupo / Abstract: This research analyzes the contributions that the Free Software Movement can bring to the formation of collaborative networks in education. A collaborative network model was created from a pilot study considering the collaborative dynamic in the free software communities, important aspects in a dialogical education and opportunities generated by Information and Communication Technology (ICT) implemented through free software. This model was applied in a course for teachers whose theme was "How could Moodle support classroom teaching", which allowed a suitable environment to this research and promoted collective reflections about Course Management Systems, the use of ICTs in Education and the need for a dialogical education approach. Considering that factors such as behavior, reactions and opinions are highly relevant in this research context, regarding the methodology, this fit as a qualitative research. The results achieved through the research, pointed to a series of contributions that this model of collaborative network tends to offer to the educational area, in particular, the finding that a dialogical process is achieved from a self-reflection process that leads to awareness and when socialized strengthens the group to build knowledge. The findings also pointed to a brief analysis about the different characteristics of ICT adopted, such as chat, video conferencing, wiki, forum and especially Moodle as a tool to provide the centralization of ICT in a single environment, facilitating the organization of the group / Mestrado / Tecnologia e Inovação / Mestre em Tecnologia

Context: In recent years, more and more people have started showing an increasing interest in distance or web-based education. Some of the reasons for this are the improvement in information and communication technology, as well as advancement in computer networking infrastructures. However, although computer technology has played an important role for the development of distance learning management systems, the underlying goal of such systems is the delivery of competitive and qualitative education via the distance learning environment. There have been a number of research studies and investigations in the field of Computer supported collaborative learning. This particular study is focused on the challenges associated with task execution in a distance learning environment as perceived by graduate students at a university. Objectives: The main focus or rationale behind this study is to investigate the importance of computer mediated communication tools in a virtual learning environment, as well as the problems facing the teachers or facilitators in their attempt to help learners (students) in the process of task execution, and towards achieving the learning goals in a web-based learning system. Methods: The author has adopted a qualitative case study approach. Questionnaires were sent out to some of the graduate students of BTH that participated in the online course under investigation, “Work integrated e-learning”, and some of these students were interviewed as well. Interviews were also conducted with two professors of Informatics and active researchers in distributed or e-learning in a University in Sweden that has had many years of experience in providing distance learning education. The empirical material was then analyzed, using cultural historical activity theory (CHAT) as a theoretical framework Results: The results indicate that more communication and collaborative interaction is needed in the context of the studied e-learning management system. The students expected the provision of more video communication through the learning platform. Furthermore, the results show that the learning in the studied web-based environment is centered on the students.  Conclusions: The author concludes that in order to diminish the gap that exists between face-to-face learning/teaching and an e-learning environment, there is a need for the designers and facilitators of the e-learning management system to make this platform more interactive. Additionally, the author concludes that the concept of Open start free pace (OSFP) or strict deadlines may need to be introduced into distance learning education in order to solve the challenges facing the teachers and facilitators.

Blended learning blir allt vanligare inom högskoleutbildningar och majoriteten av kurser äridag kopplade till onlineportaler. För att enkelt kombinera klassrumsundervisning medonline learning används olika learning management system (LMS). Lärare kan dock intealltid förlita sig på att studenterna har en inre motivation och entusiasm till att lära, det finnsdock möjligheter att påverka den inre motivationen med hjälp av yttre faktorer. Medgamification används yttre motiverande faktorer för att skapa en rolig och engagerandemiljö utan att påverka studiernas trovärdighet. Gamification innebär att komponenter avspeldesign används utanför spelkontexten. Detta kan leda till ökad motivation hos studenterna.För att förstå olika typer av motivation bättre används Self-determination theory (SDT).Utifrån spelelement som lyfts fram i litteratur bekräftar eller bestrider och kompletterardenna uppsats detta med en empirisk studie som utgår ifrån en gamifierad kurs på högskolenivå.Spelelementen analyseras med SDT för att se hur de påverkar de tre inre psykologiskabehoven. Utifrån detta skapades tre designmönster som är till för att stödja utvecklare ochadministratörer av LMS då en gamifierad kurs utformas. / Blended learning is becoming more common within university education and the majoritiesof courses today are connected to an online portal. To easily combine teaching in theclassroom with online learning different types of learning management systems (LMS) arebeing used. Even though teachers cannot always put their trust in the students’ intrinsicmotivation and enthusiasm for learning, it is possible to affect the intrinsic motivation withthe help of extrinsic factors. With gamification extrinsic factors are used to create a fun andengaging environment without affecting the credibility of the studies. Gamification meansthat components of game design are used outside the context of gaming. This can lead to anincrease in motivation for the students. To better understand different types of motivationSelf-determination theory (SDT) is used. Based on the gameplay elements identified inscholarly texts this thesis confirms or denies, and complements this with an empirical studybased on a gamified course at university level. The gameplay elements were analyzed withSDT to see how they affected the three intrinsic psychological needs. Based on this, threedesign patterns were created to support developers and administrators of LMS whenforming a gamified course.

The University of Pretoria (UP) implemented an upgraded version of the institutional learning management system (LMS) (called “new clickUP”) from June 2011 to December 2012. The purpose of the study is to determine the levels of use (LoU), stages of concern (SoC), and perceived expressed needs of health professional educators (HPEs) in the Faculty of Health Sciences as they adopt and implement the new LMS in their teaching. The rapid development of educational technology for teaching and learning is a cause of constant change in higher education institutions. In particular, regular upgrades to an LMS put pressure on lecturers, forcing them to learn to implement upgraded versions. Although LMSs are viewed as an essential part of technology-enhanced learning, the literature seems to be silent about widespread fidelity of use and how this may be achieved, particularly in a medical education context. The study follows an eclectic research design utilising the Concerns Based Adoption Model (CBAM) with its diagnostic tools (SoC and LoU) to evaluate both the concerns of HPEs and the extent of implementation of the LMS. The perceived expressed needs of HPEs in this context were explored further through interviews. The rationale for the study is that the levels of implementation of the LMS could be improved if professional staff development interventions address specific training and support needs of lecturers. The results of the study show that HPEs at UP have not yet completed the journey across the bridge of implementation. Based on the results of the SoC and LoU instruments, HPEs consistently rated concerns at the Unconcerned stage as the highest, and Management concerns as second highest. Informational and Personal stage concerns were rated not much lower than Management concerns. Detailed information regarding the context-specific needs of HPEs was collected from the perceived expressed needs interview, to supplement the needs obtained through the SoC questionnaire. The results reveal some variation from the SoC, as well as additional needs HPEs have with regard to the implementation of an LMS. Four core needs of the HPEs were identified: (i) to know the reason for the change to the new LMS; (ii) to have time available to learn, practice and implement the system; (iii) to have access to training and support resources; and (iv) to understand the functionalities available and associated possibilities for application in their teaching practice. By integrating the results of research question 1 (SoC) and research question 2 (LoU), the fidelity of implementation was ascertained, utilising a fidelity matrix based on the highest SoC and LoU achieved by HPEs. To accomplish the stated rationale (i.e. to facilitate the journey across the implementation bridge) the study recommends that attention should be paid to the Unconcerned and Management stages of concern. Specific training and support interventions should address these concerns, without neglecting Informational and Personal concerns that are still prevalent. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / gm2014 / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / unrestricted

The thesis summarizes the possible ways of using the Internet to implement e commerce within the meaning of trade in education. The work deals with the forms of computer-assisted teaching methods, summarizes the applicable software tools, web portals and educational applications, focusing on the creation and dissemination of study materials, and complete learning management systems.

Die Erstellung von Lerninhalten ist einer der wichtigsten Prozesse im E-Learning. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt einen Ansatz zur Wiederverwendung von Lerninhalten der zum einen die Kosten des Erstellungsprozesses verringern kann und zum anderen effektive Methoden zur Verwaltung aufzeigt. Basis des Ansatzes ist ein vierstufiges Content-Modell (Assets, Lernmaterialien, Lernmodule und Veranstaltungen), welches die Lerninhalte anhand der Granularität aufteilt. Dieses Modell berücksichtigt dabei aktuelle E-Learning-Standards bezüglich der Inhalte und der Metadaten, wodurch eine systemunabhängige Wiederverwendung möglich ist. Zur Verarbeitung von generischen Repräsentationen, wie Materialien im XML-Format, wurde das Konzept der Templates aufgegriffen und um die so genannten Content-Varianten erweitert. Diese ermöglichen die Präsentation von verschiedenen Ausprägungen der Materialien, beispielsweise bezüglich des Ausgabeformates, der Sprache, des Schwierigkeitsgrades von Aufgaben oder der Version. In der Arbeit wird weiterhin ein entsprechendes Konzept zur Systementwicklung einer Lernplattform aufgezeigt. Dieses ist insbesondere durch die Aufteilung in verschiedene Teilsysteme gekennzeichnet, welche eine flexible Konfiguration und Platzierung anhand der Anforderungen an die Wiederverwendung ermöglicht. / The preparation of learning content is one of the most important process in E-Learning. This thesis shows an approach to reuse learning content. On the one hand the costs of the creation process can be reduced and on the other hand effective methods for administration are pointed out. Starting point of the approach is a four-level content model (assets, learning materials, learning modules and seminars), which divides learning contents on the basis of granularity. This model considers thereby current E-Learning-standards concerning content and metadata, whereby an open reuse is possible. For the processing of generic representations, like materials in the XML format, the concept of the Templates was taken up and extended by the content variants. These make the presentation of different developments of the materials possible, for example concerning the output format, the language, the degree of difficulty of tasks or the version. Further this thesis pointed out an appropriate concept for the system development of a learning platform. This is in particular characterized by the partitioning into different subsystems, which makes possible a flexible configuration and placement concerning to the requirements to the reuse.