Orientador: Claudia Thereza Guimarães de Lemos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-24T10:26:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_JarbasCoutoe_M.pdf: 2177876 bytes, checksum: 3e83a7fdae1905e0f7f13fc54fb293a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1998 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a hipótese de Claude Lévi-Strauss no sentido de tomar-se a linguagem como condição de cultura. Parte-se do pressuposto de que a obra de Lévi-Strauss permite uma dupla interpretação relativamente a essa hipótese. A primeira delas é construída a partir do exame da referida hipótese à luz dos fundamentos teóricos que o autor importa da Lingüística Estrutural, relacionando-os à sua intenção de dar um estatuto teórico rigoroso para a Antropologia. A segunda interpretação é construída a partir do exame das noções de linguagem e cultura apresentadas em alguns trabalhos posteriores a Antropologia Estrutural, como A Oleira Ciumenta e O Pensamento Selvagem. Tais noções são relidas a partir de alguns pontos da elaboração de Jacques Lacan sobre a linguagem e da noção de estrutura em Edmund Leach / Abstract: The aim of this work is to discuss the hypothesis put forward by Claude Lévi-Strauss that language could be taken as a condition for culture. Our initial assumption is that Lévi-Strauss works allow a double interpretation relatively to such hypothesis. A first interpretation is built upon the examination of that hypothesis under the light of the theoretical principIes set up by Structural Linguistics, as well as by relating them to Lévi-Strauss's intention of giving a strict scientific status to Anthropology. The second interpretation is built upon the examination of the notions of language and culture presented by Lévi-Strauss in some of the works published after L' Anthropologie Structurale, such as La Potiere Jalouse and La Pensée Sauvage. Such notions are revised on the basis of some of the points concerning language as developed by Jacques Lacan as well as of the notion of structure present in Edmund Leach's work / Mestrado / Mestre em Linguística

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Orientador: Maria Suely Kofes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T10:20:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_AdrianaAbreuMagalhaes_M.pdf: 5397738 bytes, checksum: 8753af9a4da3efc95e5b7c1c3b47492d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa busca apreender o universo simbólico das URLs racistas, revisionistas e neonazistas na Internet. O propósito da investigação é, por meio da observação etnográfica das práticas e representações discursivas expostas em sites, portais, comunidades, fóruns, chats e listas de discussão, que abordam este tema, compreender que tipo de relação se constrói entre o espaço digital e a defesa da idéia de "raça ariana", realizada por meus "nativos". Como foco privilegiei os aspectos simbólicos que melhor evidenciam a interface entre estas duas dimensões, por meio da pesquisa empírica e do exercício teórico. A partir deste recorte, emergiram algumas perspectivas relevantes na construção identitária que o racista desenvolve para si e para o outro, tais como as marcas genômicas e mitológicas evidentes em seu discurso, as redefinições da fronteira entre digitalidade e realidade e a luta política "dos arianos", na WEB. O argumento central resultante da pesquisa é de que o neonazismo interpreta simbolicamente o mundo contemporâneo, nos sites analisados, articulando mitos, narrativas e rituais. Neste processo, evidencia-se a elaboração de uma forma específica de identidade: o ¿teutonismo¿ / Abstract: This research attempts to apprehend the symbolic universe of racist, revisionist and neonazi pages in the Internet. The aim of the investigation is to understand what kind of relationship is built between the digital space and the defense of the idea of an "Aryan race" attempted by my 'natives¿. This is done by means of ethnographic observation of practices and discoursive representations posted at sites, forums, communities, chats and discussion lists. I focus on those symbolics aspects that highlight best the interface between digital space and racism, by means of both empirical research and theoretical exercise. From this vantage point, some features of the identitary construction developed by racists for themselves and for others were made visible, namely, the genomic and mythic marks of their discourse, the redefinition of the frontiers between digital world and reality, and the ¿aryan¿ political struggle in the WEB. The main argument resulting from this research is that the neonazism interprets symbolically the contemporary world by articulating myths, narratives e rituals. Along this process, a specific way of identity is manifested: the ¿teutonicism¿ / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestre em Antropologia Social

<p>The present study has a twofold purpose: Firstly, it is an analysis of the Karbalā´ Drama—i.e. the death of Ḥusayn b. `Alī in the hands of an army which had been sent out by the Umayyad authorities, at Karbalā´ in 60/680—as it is retold by the Muslim jurist and historiographer Abū Ja`far Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923). Despite its importance, especially to Shī`ite Islam, this text as such has received relatively little attention among scholars of Islam. In this study, the Karbalā´ Drama is regarded as a myth and the method used to analyze it is inspired by the structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss. Lévi-Straussian structuralism has probably never before been applied to early Arabic material to the extent that it is used here. The second purpose of the study, then, is to investigate to what extent and in what mode such a method is applicable to this material.</p><p>A portion of the text, called the “Text of Reference,” has been selected and thoroughly analyzed. In that analysis, a number of structural features such as codes, oppositions, mediations, and transformations have been identified and made the basis for a more cursory study of the rest of the story. An important structural feature that is detected in this way is the way the argument of the story is forwarded. By the transformation of metaphors into metonyms, the story attempts to make arbitrary relationships look natural and intrinsic. Such a relationship is that between water and blood—two liquids which are at times shed, at times withheld in the story. Husayn takes a mediating position in that he <i>gives</i> his water and his blood. He acts as mediator both in a negative sense (he establishes the basic Islamic opposition of good and evil), and in a positive sense (as religious guide he acts as a bridge between them).</p>

The present study has a twofold purpose: Firstly, it is an analysis of the Karbalā´ Drama—i.e. the death of Ḥusayn b. `Alī in the hands of an army which had been sent out by the Umayyad authorities, at Karbalā´ in 60/680—as it is retold by the Muslim jurist and historiographer Abū Ja`far Muḥammad b. Jarīr al-Ṭabarī (d. 310/923). Despite its importance, especially to Shī`ite Islam, this text as such has received relatively little attention among scholars of Islam. In this study, the Karbalā´ Drama is regarded as a myth and the method used to analyze it is inspired by the structuralism of Claude Lévi-Strauss. Lévi-Straussian structuralism has probably never before been applied to early Arabic material to the extent that it is used here. The second purpose of the study, then, is to investigate to what extent and in what mode such a method is applicable to this material. A portion of the text, called the “Text of Reference,” has been selected and thoroughly analyzed. In that analysis, a number of structural features such as codes, oppositions, mediations, and transformations have been identified and made the basis for a more cursory study of the rest of the story. An important structural feature that is detected in this way is the way the argument of the story is forwarded. By the transformation of metaphors into metonyms, the story attempts to make arbitrary relationships look natural and intrinsic. Such a relationship is that between water and blood—two liquids which are at times shed, at times withheld in the story. Husayn takes a mediating position in that he gives his water and his blood. He acts as mediator both in a negative sense (he establishes the basic Islamic opposition of good and evil), and in a positive sense (as religious guide he acts as a bridge between them).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra Maria Luvizutto Goncalves.pdf: 2384106 bytes, checksum: 775541195573dedce8167614b7ef287a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-17 / The objective of this paper is to develop a comparison study between cultural and artistic experiences narrated by the poet Mário Raul de Moraes Andrade in O turista aprendiz (2002) and Tristes trópicos (1996) by the French anthropologist and writer Claude Lévi-Strauss. The impressions captured by them while visiting the Amazon region are our study and demonstration objects, sustained by the concepts of alterity, based on the exotic eye and the encounter with the Other . The central objective is in the reading and analysis of the travel reports, which confirmed the experience lived by the writers, showing that both of them trespassed the physical geography of visited places and, literarily, reconfigured it by means of artistic and poetic subjectivity in order to be able to unveil the new mythical matrixes of the Brazilian Amazon. The themes are distributed as follows: chapter 1 presents the exotic and the complexity in the distinction between reality and fiction in the travel reports, in light of practical alterity. Chapter 2 approaches the differences and contrasts between two foreigners and the Other , facing the reality observed. Chapter 3 reveals the encounter with the Other , the unknown, which resulted in a fictional transgeography . The theoretical parameters of support were based on the work by: Antonio Candido (1976), François Dosse (1993), Txyetan Todorov (1993), Julia Kristeva (1994), Telê Ancona Lopez (1996), Mikhail Bakhtin (2003), Emmanuel Lévinas (2005), among other authors. We prioritized the comparatist method of direct observation of the object on a fictional travel report, thus opening an equity relation in receiving the Other in its anonymity and, consequently, creating a rupture with the absolute thinking of science. / A presente dissertação tem o objetivo geral de desenvolver um estudo comparatista entre as experiências culturais e artísticas narradas nas obras O turista aprendiz (2002), do escritor e poeta Mário Raul de Moraes Andrade, e Tristes trópicos (1996), do antropólogo e escritor francês Claude Lévi-Strauss. As impressões registradas por eles, na visita à região amazônica, são nossos objetos de demonstração e estudo, sustentados pelos conceitos de alteridade, a partir do olhar exótico e do encontro com o Outro. O objetivo central localiza-se na leitura e análise dos relatos de viagem, confirmadores das experiências vividas pelos escritores, para mostrar que ambos transgrediram a geografia física dos lugares visitados e, literariamente, reconfiguraram-na por meio da subjetividade artística e poética, de modo a poder revelar as novas matrizes míticas da Amazônia brasileira. A temática está assim distribuída: o capítulo I apresenta a questão do exótico e da complexidade na distinção entre realidade e ficção nos relatos de viagem, à luz da prática da alteridade. O capítulo II trata das diferenças e contrastes entre o olhar dos dois estrangeiros e o do Outro, diante da realidade observada. O capítulo III revela-nos o encontro com o Outro, com o desconhecido, o que resultou numa transgeografia ficcional . Os parâmetros teóricos de suporte foram: Antonio Candido (1976), François Dosse (1993), Tzvetan Todorov (1993), Julia Kristeva (1994), Telê Ancona Lopez (1996), Mikhail Bakhtin (2003), Emmanuel Lévinas (2005), dentre outros. Priorizamos o método comparatista da observação direta do objeto em relato ficcional de viagem, abrindo, assim, uma relação de equidade ao receber o Outro no seu anonimato e, consequentemente, rompendo com o pensamento absoluto da ciência.