The thesis focuses on coordinated rehabilitation components, which are used at individuals with cerebral palsy (combined disability) in a concrete non state medical institution in České Budějovice. Cerebral palsy is the most frequent neurodevelopmental disease, wherein the health disability may occur in one or more fields. We can find crucial factor in care of individuals with handicap in coordinated rehabilitation, which is currently perceived as an interdisciplinary field seeking the fastest and widest participation of personal with disabilities in all usual activies of society with the use of medical, educational, social and labour resources. A prerequisite for success is a multidisciplinary team (circular support), which consists of experts and parents of individuals with disabilities. The thesis contains theoretical background, where health disbility, coordinated rehabilitation and cerebral palsy is mentioned, at which the occurrence, forms, associated disorders and treatment are described. A separate chapter is devoted to families of individuals with health disability, where I mentioned the reaction of parents on the birth of a child with a disability, the impact of disability on the family and family support. Furthermore I focus on social services for handicapped people and to ARPIDA centre, where my research took place. In the research section there is defined the aim of the thesis, which was to chart a coordinated rehabilitation components, which are used at individuals with cerebral palsy (combined disability) in ARPIDA centre in České Budějovice. The partial target of my thesis was also to compare the usage of coordinated rehabilitation components at individuals under 15 years of age and at individuals over 15 years. According to target of the work there were developed three hypotheses. Thesis research was conducted through quantitative research. To obtain the data, I used the method of questioning. The sample was comprised of individuals with cerebral palsy (combined disability), who attend the centre ARPIDA, while the questionnaires were filled out by their parents. The research undertaken within the thesis, which was supported by rehearsed literature, confirmed the third hypothesis of more often usuage of Vojta reflex locomotion method at individuals with cerebral palsy in the centre ARPIDA compared to individual therapeutic physical training. The remaining two hypotheses were disproved. Statistical survey also shows that care for people with cerebral palsy is a long-term care, where interconnection of services within the coordinated rehabilitation is needed. In the group of individuals under 15 years of age and over 15 years it has been used different coordinated rehabilitation components, this is associated with cerebral palsy, disorders, age and other factors. Problematic remains the job placement of individuals with disabilities, who remain at home without further stimulation possibility. Care and services in the centre ARPIDA were assessed positively. The results and conclusions of the thesis will be used as a feedback centre ARPIDA to map the coordinated rehabilitation components and further to the clearing of needs of single coordinated rehabilitation components in a group of individuals under 15 years of age and over 15 years.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Aging modifies a number of characteristics associated with mobility in the elderly. These changes can make of usual tasks, such as stair locomotion, a challenge in the elderly. Regular physical exercise is a valid strategy for improving mobility and minimizing functional deficits in the elderly, especially those related to daily tasks. However, a few scientists have considered the acute effects of physical exercise in the elderly. Not saying exercise is bad for the elderly, it is important to consider that acute effect from exercise can change gait patterns and increase risks of tripping and/or falling. In addition, acute effects of walking are important, as we know walking is one of the favorite exercises for the elderly. In this study we analyzed the kinematics of locomotion in the elderly when ascending stairs before and after a session of prolonged walking. Male and female participants aged 60 years old or more have taken part in this study. They were organized in a group of physically active (n=15) and sedentary (n=15). They were evaluated concerning leg preference and gait kinematics in a 3-step stair before and after a treadmill walking trial lasting 30 minutes at comfortable speed. Our main findings suggest that prolonged walking increase the risk for tripping during stair ascendant locomotion in sedentary elderly. Such affirmation is based in the lower trail limb toe clearance and lower gait speed in sedentary compared to active elderly. Our results show that acute effects are more substantial in the sedentary elderly and therefore, strategies to deal with these acute deficits can be of importance to the elderly who starts routines of physical exercise. Although there is greater risk of tripping among sedentary elderly, the gait patterns observed were similar between groups. Future investigations should assess whether a pre-exercise intervention can help in minimizing such acute risks observed. / O envelhecimento altera diversas características relacionadas com a mobilidade em idosos. Tais alterações tornam situações cotidianas, como subir escadas, mais desafiadoras para idosos. O exercício físico regular é uma das estratégias para obter benefícios para manutenção de diversas funções corporais nos idosos, incluindo a capacidade de lidar com essas tarefas cotidianas. No entanto, poucos cientistas têm considerado os efeitos agudos do exercício físico. Longe de sugerir que o exercício possa ser perigoso ao idoso, o cuidado com os efeitos agudos de uma sessão de exercício é importante pois estes podem alterar momentaneamente a tarefa de andar, e aumentar risco de tropeços e quedas. Adicionalmente, os efeitos agudos da caminhada são pertinentes por este ser um dos principais tipos de exercícios que os idosos praticam. Neste trabalho, analisamos a cinemática da locomoção em idosos ativos e sedentários durante a subida em escadas, antes e depois de uma sessão de caminhada prolongada. Participaram do estudo idosos de ambos os sexos, ativos (n=15) e sedentários (n=15) com 60 anos ou mais. Eles foram avaliados quanto à preferência lateral e cinemática da marcha durante a locomoção em uma escada com três degraus, antes e depois de uma caminhada em esteira por 30 minutos, em velocidade confortável. Nossos principais resultados sugerem que a caminhada prolongada aumenta o risco de tropeço na subida de uma escada por idosos sedentários. Tal afirmação é fundamentada pela diminuição na elevação do segundo pé que transpõe os degraus e pela menor velocidade na marcha dos idosos sedentários comparados aos idosos ativos. Nossos resultados sugerem que efeitos agudos do exercício são mais substanciais em idosos sedentários e por isso estratégias para lidar com esses déficits agudos podem ser importantes quando idosos iniciam rotinas de exercício físico. Apesar do maior risco de tropeço em idosos sedentários, os padrões de marcha em escadas foram similares nos dois grupos de idosos. Investigações futuras devem procurar saber se alguma estratégia pré-exercício pode auxiliar na minimização destes déficits agudos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:19:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2225.pdf: 957831 bytes, checksum: 53f3c41bf1c0c7c436de7cebbc4b6d76 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-10 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Gait recovery is a one of the main goals of a rehabilitation program for hemiparetic individuals after stroke. Among the different approaches of gait training, the use of systems of partial body weight support (BWS) on treadmill has provided improvements in the pattern of movement of these individuals. However, the strategies adopted to walking on treadmill are different from the ones adopted to walking overground, and overground level is the more usual type of area, it is important to analyze the movement of these individuals while they use the SPPC on overground level, and investigate the effects of the gait training with BWS on ground level. Therefore, this dissertation is composed of two studies. The goal of the first study was to analyze the gait of chronic hemiparetics individuals with and without the system of BWS. For such, 13 chronic hemiparetics individuals were evaluated on three conditions: 1) walking freely with or without assistance; 2) walking with the use of harness of BWS system, however without relief of body weight; 3) walking with the use of harness of BWS system, with 30% body weight relief. Walking speed, cadence, stride length and speed, first and second double support, single support, and swing durations, range of motion (ROM) of ankle, knee, and hip joints, and foot, shank, thigh, and trunk segments of nonparetic and paretic limbs were analyzed on the three conditions. It was found that during the gait with 30% of BWS, participants reduced the speed of locomotion and stride length and speed. However, no effect was observed for temporal asymmetry. The ROM of hip, thigh, and trunk decreased on the 30% of BWS condition, and the trunk had become more upright. Although use of BWS system without relief of body weight has not changed the speed of locomotion, this condition has the same changes that the 30% of BWS conditions, however, more discreet. The changes found in the first study may be attributed to little time to adapt to the gait conditions on overground level with BWS and to the relief of body weight in the lower limbs. The second study aimed to analyse the effects of gait training with BWS on overground level in the gait of chronics hemiparetics. Thus, 12 chronics hemiparetics submitted to sessions of 45 minutes, three times a week, for six weeks participated in this study. The individuals were evaluated walking freely at self-selected comfortable speed before and after the training. The variables examined were walking speed, step length, stride length and speed, first and second double support, and single support durations, maximum and minimum angles, and ROM of foot, shank, thigh, and trunk segments of paretic and nonparetic limbs. After the training period, these individuals walked faster, with symmetry steps, and strides longer and faster. The asymmetry between paretic and nonparetic limbs remained for single support duration, and for ROM and, for maximum and minimum angles for all the segments. The minimum angles of foot and shank, maximum angle of thigh, and the ROM of all segments increased. This approach to training may be used as safe, specific, and promising alternative for gait recovery after stroke. Because this approach of BWS training on overground level is recent, further studies are needed to explore different percentages of weight relief and other stages of strokes, for example, in acute individuals hemiparetics. / A recuperação da marcha é um dos principais objetivos dentro de um programa de reabilitação para hemiparéticos decorrentes de acidente vascular encefálico (AVE). Dentre as diversas abordagens de treinamento de marcha, a que utiliza um sistema de suporte parcial de peso corporal (SPPC) associado à esteira tem proporcionado melhoras no padrão da marcha desses indivíduos. No entanto, as estratégias adotadas durante a marcha na esteira são diferentes das do piso fixo, e sendo piso fixo o tipo de superfície mais habitual de marcha, é importante analisar a marcha desses indivíduos enquanto utilizam o SPPC em piso fixo, e investigar os efeitos do treinamento da marcha com SPPC em piso fixo. Assim, esta dissertação é composta por dois estudos. O primeiro estudo teve como objetivo analisar a marcha de indivíduos hemiparéticos crônicos com e sem o uso do sistema de SPPC. Para tanto, 13 indivíduos hemiparéticos crônicos foram avaliados andando em três condições: 1) livremente com ou sem assistência; 2) com o uso do sistema de SPPC, porém sem alívio do peso corporal; e 3) com o uso do sistema de SPPC com 30% de alívio do peso corporal. Velocidade média de locomoção, cadência, comprimento e velocidade da passada, durações dos períodos de apoio duplo inicial e final, apoio simples e balanço, amplitudes de movimento (ADM) das articulações do tornozelo, joelho e quadril e dos segmentos pé, perna, coxa e tronco dos membros parético e não-parético foram analisados nas três condições. Foi verificado que durante a marcha com 30% de SPPC, os participantes reduziram a velocidade média de locomoção e o comprimento e a velocidade das passadas. No entanto, nenhum efeito foi observado na assimetria temporal. As ADMs do quadril, perna, coxa e tronco diminuíram na condição com 30% de SPPC, sendo que o tronco apresentou-se mais ereto. Apesar do uso do sistema de SPPC sem alívio do peso corporal não ter alterado a velocidade média de locomoção, essa condição proporcionou as mesmas alterações que a condição com 30% de SPPC, entretanto, de forma mais discreta. As alterações encontradas no primeiro estudo podem ser atribuídas ao pouco tempo para a adaptação às condições de marcha em piso fixo com SPPC e ao alívio de peso corporal nos membros inferiores. O segundo estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos de um treinamento com SPPC em piso fixo na marcha de pacientes hemiparéticos crônicos. Dessa forma, 12 hemiparéticos crônicos submetidos a sessões de 45 minutos, três vezes por semana, durante seis semanas participaram do estudo. Os indivíduos foram avaliados andando livremente com velocidade auto-selecionada e confortável antes e após o treinamento proposto. As variáveis analisadas foram velocidade média de locomoção, comprimento do passo, comprimento e velocidade da passada, durações dos períodos de apoio duplo inicial e final, e apoio simples, ângulos máximos e mínimos e ADM dos segmentos pé, perna, coxa e tronco dos membros parético e não-parético. Após o período de treinamento, esses indivíduos passaram a andar mais rapidamente, com passos simétricos, e passadas mais longas e mais rápidas. A assimetria entre os membros parético e não-parético permaneceu para a duração do período de apoio simples e para as ADMs e ângulos máximos e mínimos em todos os segmentos. Os ângulos mínimos dos segmentos pé e perna e o ângulo máximo da coxa, bem como as ADMs de todos os segmentos aumentaram. Essa abordagem de treinamento pode ser adotada como uma alternativa segura, específica e promissora para a recuperação da marcha após AVE. Como essa abordagem de SPPC em piso fixo é recente, outros estudos são necessários para explorar diferentes porcentagens de alívio de peso e em outros estágios do AVE, como por exemplo, em indivíduos hemiparéticos agudos.

Movements of animals presumably reflect their changing needs and the changing availability of necessary resources. In cold climates, snakes often make long seasonal migrations between hibernacula and summer habitats, Finding suitably deep hibernacula with minimal delay could be critical. I hypothesized that such animals should have highly developed navigational ability. By contrast, snakes living in mild climates can hibernate in shallow sites and probably do not migrate; if so, they might be expected to show poorly developed orientation mechanisms!. The objectives of this study were to determine movement patterns and navigational ability of garter snakes (Thamnophis) living in a mild climate and compare them with a congeneric population known to be migratory. From 1986 - 1988 I examined, using mark-recapture, movement behaviour of two populations of garter snakes at Spectacle Lake Provincial Park (SLPP) on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, focusing on several components typically associated with migratory behaviour - distances travelled, population directionality, fidelity to seasonal sites, distinctness of seasonal habitats, and route directness. Thamnophis sirtalis, the common garter snake, is the most widely distributed North American snake species and high latitude populations are migratory. Thamnophis ordinoides, the northwestern garter snake, is restricted to the Pacific northwest and migratory behaviour has never been reported. Both species displayed combinations of traits clearly suggesting nonmigratory behaviour. These included short-distance (< 500 m), random movements, a lack of den fidelity, and variation in the maintenance of specific home ranges between successive years. Home ranges overlapped between individuals, averaged less than 0.3 ha measured over a single active season, and were not clearly distinct from denning areas. Although some directionality of movement was evident, it was likely related to foraging strategy and unlike the typical unidirectional movements undertaken by migrating snakes, Sexual and reproductive differences in any of these traits generally were not significant. The navigational abilities of a migratory population of T. sirtalis from Wood Buffalo National Park (WBNP) in northern Alberta were examined as were those of the nonmigratory populations of snakes from SLPP. Displacement studies were carried out during the active seasons of 1986 - 1988 to determine the level of orientational abilities present in each population and to examine potential orientation cues. Snakes were displaced from their home range and tested in an arena under a variety of conditions, The results demonstrated that T. sirtalis from both SLPP and WBNP possessed advanced navigational abilities. Advanced skills may be absent in T. ordinoides. Thamnophis sirtalis at both study sites demonstrated time-compensated solar orientation as determined by 6 hr phase-delayed tests. Pheromone trails produced by recently copulated females (but not unmated females) also provided an orientation guide for displaced WBNP males, but results from SLPP were less conclusive. Thamnophis ordinoides did not respond in a discernible way to either cue. Navigational skills thus vary relatively little between migrating and nonmigrating populations of the same species but may be poorly developed in completely nonmigratory species. / Graduate

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao andresa.pdf: 564416 bytes, checksum: d9a7aed45c3456ab530b89ea17bacbba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The purpose of this study was to analyze the ground reaction force (GRF) of women s gait, both barefoot and wearing different shoes with different heels. The attendees were 32 female volunteers who had not had histories of lesions in the lower limbs up to six months prior to the collections, with alignment of the lower limbs considered as normal and with experience in wearing high heel shoes. The three components of the gait GRF were verified with speed of 4km/h±10%, in three conditions: barefoot, shoe1 (19,93mm heel height), and shoe2 (75,25mm heel height). The kinetic variables were collected in two force plates, AMTI (Massachusetts, EUA, 1991) (frequency of 540Hz); and for speed controlling, photocells and chronometers were used. Five complete gait cycles were collected for each condition and for each volunteer. The data were acquired in the System Peak Motus 32, processed with MATLAB® 5.0 and SAD®32 softwares. The statistical treatment was composed of exploratory descriptive statistics and analysis of variance one-way ANOVA with the post-hoc test Student-Newman-Keuls (p&#8804; 0,05). Some statistically significant differences were found in the majority of the variables for the three conditions. The results indicate that with increased heel height, modifications occurred in the vertical component of GRF in the variables FPF, MPL, SPF, Time FPF, Time MPL, Time SPF, IFy_Impact, IFy_Prop and, mainly in RAW (Rate Acceptance Weight) among 10-20% of FPF. A more accentuated spike for the barefoot condition was also noticed, and this behavior was made evident when wearing high heel shoes and softened with low heel shoes. In the anterior-posterior component of GRF, the maximum and minimum values observed suggest larger application of force for the impact (slow down action) and of acceleration during gait with high heel shoes. In the medial-lateral component of GRF, even though considered inconsistent and of difficult interpretation, distinctions among the conditions were observed, with the biggest value of lateral impulse and the smallest value of medial impulse for the high heel shoes in comparison with the other two conditions. / O presente trabalho objetivou analisar o comportamento da força de reação do solo da marcha de mulheres descalças, com calçado de salto baixo e calçado de salto alto. Participaram do estudo 32 voluntárias que não apresentavam histórico de lesões nos membros inferiores nos seis meses anteriores às coletas, com alinhamento dos membros inferiores considerado normal e com experiência na utilização de calçados com salto alto. Foram verificadas as três componentes da FRS da marcha com velocidade de 4km/h±10%, em três condições: Descalça, Calçado1 (19,93mm de altura de salto), e Calçado2 (75,25mm de altura de salto). As variáveis cinéticas foram coletadas a partir plataformas de força extensiométricas, triaxiais, AMTI (freqüência de amostragem 540Hz). Foram coletados 5 ciclos de marcha completos para cada condição, para cada voluntária. Os dados foram adquiridos e arquivados no Sistema Peak Motus 32, sendo processados no software MATLAB® 5.0. O tratamento estatístico foi composto de estatística descritiva exploratória e análise de variância ANOVA One way, além do teste post-hoc de Student-Newman-Keuls (&#945;&#8804; 0,05). Os resultados indicaram que com um aumento no salto do calçado ocorrem modificações na componente vertical de força de reação do solo nas variáveis Primeiro Pico de Força (PPF), Suporte Médio de Força (SMF), Segundo Pico de Força (SPF), intervalos de tempo de SMF e SPF; Impulso de Frenagem, Impulso de propulsão e, principalmente na Taxa de Aceitação de Peso (TAP) na região entre 10% a 20% do PPF. Notou-se também um spike acentuado para a condição descalça, sendo bastante evidente quando utilizado calçado de salto alto e suavizado para o calçado de salto baixo. Na componente ânteroposterior da FRS, os valores máximos e mínimos observados sugerem maior aplicação de força para a ação de frenagem e de aceleração da marcha durante a utilização do calçado de salto alto. A componente médio-lateral da FRS observou-se maior valor de impulso lateral e o menor valor de impulso medial para o calçado de salto alto em comparação com as outras duas condições.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PAMELA.pdf: 2668750 bytes, checksum: 96752be9e4cc22aee9368d301b2b09b4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-09-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This is a descriptive search that has a general objective the evaluation of the clinic-functional and dynamic of the gait in elderly with knee osteoarthrosis. The specific objectives were to verify the clinic-functional characteristic of the knee in elderly with osteoarthrosis; verify the kinetics characteristics of the gait in elderly with knee osteoarthrosis; compare the kinetic characteristics of the vertical ground reaction forces with normal parameters and identify the morphologic characteristics of the ground reaction forces curve. Twelve elderly subjects with medical knee osteoarthrosis diagnosis were intentionally chosen. The clinic-functional and kinetics variables were measured through the Q angle of the knee, active and passive flexion and extension amplitude of the knee, habitual and maximal velocity of the gait and vertical ground reaction forces. The kinetics data were collected in habitual speed with frequency of sampling of 600Hz. The data were processed through SPSS 11.0 and SAD 32 programs. The statistic used was descriptive, with average, standard deviation and coefficient of variation. Analyzing the results, the observations were that the subjects showed high intensity of the pain (8,2 ± 1,5), obesity in 5/6 of the subjects, diminution of the active and passive amplitude of the flexion and extension of the knee, decreased velocity of the gait (2,7 ± 0,43 km/h), and postural varo and valgus deviation in . of the subjects. More than these, there were a significant increase in the median support force (87% ± 0,039 BW) and a diminution of the first peak of force (96% ± 0,03 BW), second peak of force (99% ± 0,02 BW) and in body weight acceptance tax (71° ± 3,4), suggesting that the subjects of this study do not have enough muscular and ligament forces to control the flexion (shock absorber) and stabilization of the knee during the stance phase of the gait. And the pain, must be doing by chronic repetitive movement occasioned by the articular dysfunction, altered alignments and obesity that accompanying these subjects. This paper demonstrates that the objective analysis of the gait in association with the clinic-functional parameters of the knee can be used to document the gait adaptations of the subjects with knee osteoarthrosis, and to plan best therapeutics interventions. / Esta e uma pesquisa descritiva que teve como objetivo geral avaliar as alterações clínico-funcionais e dinâmicas da marcha de idosos com osteoartrose de joelho. Os objetivos específicos foram verificar as características clínico-funcionais dos joelhos de idosos com osteoartrose de joelho; verificar as características cinéticas da marcha dos idosos com osteoartrose de joelhos; comparar as características cinéticas da componente vertical da força de reação do solo da marcha de indivíduos com osteoartrose de joelho, com valores normais de referência e analisar as características morfológicas da curva da força de reação do solo. Participaram da pesquisa 12 idosos com diagnóstico médico de osteoartrose de joelhos, escolhidos de forma não probabilística intencional. As variáveis de estudo foram medidas do angulo Q do joelho, amplitude articular ativa e passiva de extensão e flexão do joelho, velocidade habitual e máxima da marcha, e forças verticais de reação do solo. Os dados cinéticos foram coletados na velocidade habitual de cada sujeito com freqüência de amostragem de 600hz. O processamento dos dados foi no programa SPSS 11.0 e SAD 32. A estatística utilizada foi a descritiva, com média, desvio padrão e coeficiente de variação. Analisando os resultados pôde-se observar que os sujeitos apresentaram alta intensidade de dor (8,2 ± 1,5), obesidade em 5/6 dos sujeitos, diminuição da amplitude ativa e passiva de movimento articular de flexão e extensão do joelho, diminuição da velocidade habitual da marcha (2,7 ± 0,43), alteração postural em varo ou valgo em ¾ dos sujeitos. Além disso, houve um significativo aumento da média da força de suporte médio (87% ± 0,039 PC) e uma diminuição do primeiro pico de força (96% ± 0,03 PC), do segundo pico de força (99% ± 0,02 PC) e da taxa de aceitação do peso (71° ± 3,4), sugerindo que os indivíduos deste estudo apresentam disfunção articular dos joelhos e não apresentam força muscular e ligamentar suficiente para controlar a flexão (amortecimento) e estabilidade do joelho durante a fase de apoio. E ainda, que a dor pode estar sendo gerada pelas cargas crônicas de movimentos repetitivos ocasionadas pela disfunção articular, alteração postural e excesso de peso que acometem estes sujeitos. Este estudo demonstra que a análise objetiva da marcha associada aos parâmetros clínico-funcionais do joelho, pode ser usada para documentar as adaptações na marcha de idosos com osteoartrose de joelhos e para o planejamento de intervenções terapêuticas mais eficazes.

FINEP; CAPES; CNPQ; Fundação Araucária; ANEEL / O presente trabalho apresenta uma aplicação de sensores à fibra ótica baseados em redes de Bragg encapsulados em compósito de resina polimérica com reforço de fibra de vidro no formato de tubo. O objetivo do trabalho foi projetar, fabricar e caracterizar o dispositivo sensor aplicado ao ciclo da marcha e a mudança do centro de gravidade em amputado transtibial, através da análise de de deformação e resistência do tubo conector da prótese transtibial. Para essa investigação foi produzido um tubo com o material compósito descrito anteriormente através do método de Moldagem por Transferência de Resina (RTM), com quatro sensores óticos. A prótese em que o tubo original foi substituído é classificada como endoesquelético, possui encaixe à vácuo, tem o tubo conector de alumínio e pé com amortecimento de fibra de carbono. O voluntário para os testes foi um homem de 41 anos, 1,65 metros de altura, 72 quilogramas e canhoto. Sua amputação ocorreu devido a trauma (secção cirúrgica nível medial feita abaixo do joelho do membro inferior esquerdo). Ele é usuário de prótese transtibial há dois anos e oito meses A caracterização dos sensores óticos e análise da deformação mecânica e resistência do tubo deu-se pelo ciclo da marcha e a variação do centro de gravidade do corpo através dos seguintes testes: levantar-se, apoiar na perna sem a prótese, apoiar na perna com a prótese, locomoção para frente e locomoção para trás. Os resultados mostram além da caracterização do ciclo da marcha em um amputado transtibial, também um elevado grau de integração das FBGs no compósito e uma alta resistência mecânica do material. / This work presents an application of optical fiber sensors based on Bragg gratings integrated to a transtibial prosthesis tube manufactured with a polymeric composite systrem of epoxy resin reinforced with glass fiber. The main objective of this study is to characterize the sensors applied to the gait cycle and changes in the gravity center of a transtibial amputee, trough the analysis of deformation and strengh of the transtibial prosthesis tube. For this investigation it is produced a tube of the composite material described above using the molding method of resin transfer (RTM) with four optical sensors. The prosthesis in which the original tube is replaced is classified as endoskeletal, has vacuum fitting, aluminium conector tube and carbon fiber foot cushioning. The volunteer for the tests was a man of 41 years old, 1.65 meters tall, 72 kilograms and left-handed. His amputation occurred due to trauma (surgical section is in the medial level, and was made below the left lower limb knee). He has been a transtibial prosthesis user for two years and eight months. The characterization of the optical sensors and analysis of mechanical deformation and tube resistance occurred through the gait cycle and the variation of the center of gravity of the body by the following tests: stand up, support leg without the prosthesis, support in the leg with the prosthesis, walk forward and walk backward. Besides the characterization of optical sensors during the gait cycle and the variation of the gravity center in a transtibial amputated, the results also showed a high degree of integration of the sensors in the composite and a high mechanical strength of the material.

The diploma thesis at hand aims to find out to what extent Vojta method can stimulate child?s ability to receive and actively participate in other means of the comprehensive rehabilitation system. The diploma thesis observes application of Vojta method within the comprehensive system of rehabilitation provided in ARPIDA in České Budějovice. The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part deals with the current state of the issue in question, provides characteristics of individual means of the comprehensive system of rehabilitation, and acquaints the reader with the technique named reflex locomotion, which is referred to as the Vojta method. The practical part comprises of two chapters. The first chapter provides the reader with a description of the selected facility. The second chapter introduces case reports of the clients completed with analyses of interviews held with parents and other members of the multidisciplinary team. Using the mentioned materials, the author produced six case reports of selected clients of ARPIDA centre. Five out of six observed clients were diagnosed with infant cerebral palsy in different forms with combined defects. For the purposes of the diploma thesis, the author used the method of qualitative research. The practical part is based on analyses of medical records and personal documentations of selected clients of ARPIDA centre; author?s own direct observation; analyses of interviews held with parents and other members of the multidisciplinary team; and observations made by the author while performing her duties as a physiotherapist. Finally, it was concluded that application of Vojta method is necessary within the comprehensive system of rehabilitation which strives to reduce the effects of the disability and improve the quality of life in subjects with the said disability. The author?s own research was designed to verify the findings learned from the literature reviewed for the purposes of the theoretical part. The conclusion of the practical part contains a summary of results, assessment of accomplished goals; and research outcomes and recommendations. The thesis may be found useful by both experts and students who have professional interests in the issue; yet, it should also be made available to the members of the multidisciplinary team as a feedback.

A progressão da distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD) resulta no surgimento de múltiplas e variadas sinergias para compensar a fraqueza muscular e para lidar com as demandas de tarefas funcionais, como por exemplo, a marcha. Alguns instrumentos de avaliação funcional para pessoas com DMD permite a análise subjetiva (descrição) e objetiva (escore) sem levar em consideração os movimentos compensatórios. Por esta razão, os médicos e os fisioterapeutas enfrentam dificuldades na avaliação clínica e tomada de decisão. Este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar o domínio marcha da Escala de Avaliação Funcional para DMD / Functional Evaluation Scale (FES-DMD-D4), testar sua confiabilidade intraexaminador e interexaminadores e sua relação com a idade, escala Vignos e tempo de desempenho da marcha. Uma amostra de 120 vídeos da marcha de 30 crianças com DMD foi analisada. Os movimentos detectados foram classificados considerando suas características cinesiológicos e padrões de compensações. FES-DMD-D4 foi criada e submetida à avaliação de 10 especialistas. Após a incorporação das sugestões propostas, a escala foi utilizada no total da amostra para avaliação por três examinadores. Foi calculada a confiabilidade intraexaminador e interexaminadores utilizando ICC. As relações entre o FES-DMD-D4 e a idade, a escala Vignos e o tempo de desempenho foram testadas com teste de correlação de Spearman (p < 0,05). A FES-DMD-D4 foi composta por três fases, e 14 itens. Coeficientes de correlação intraclasse variaram de aceitável (0,79) a excelente (0,98). A pontuação total da FES-DMD-D4 correlacionou-se com a idade e o tempo de desempenho, mas não com a escala Vignos / The progression of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) results in the emergence of multiple and varied synergies to compensate muscle weakness and to deal with the demands of functional tasks, such as gait. Few functional evaluation instruments for people with DMD allows for subjective analysis (description) and objective (score) without taking into account the compensatory movements. For this reason, clinicians and physiotherapists face difficulties in clinical assessment and decision-making. This study aimed to elaborate the gait domain of the Functional Evaluation Scale for DMD, gait domain (FES-DMD-D4) and to test its reliability intraexaminer and interexaminers and its relationship with age, Vignos score and timed motor performance. A sample of 120 gait videos of 30 children with DMD was analyzed. The detected movements were classified, considering the kinesiological characteristics of the compensation movements. FES-DMD-D4 was created and submitted to the review of 10 experts. After the incorporation of the suggestions proposed by the experts, the scale was used to analyse a total sample by 3 examiners. The reliability intraexaminer and interexaminers was calculated using ICC. The relationships between FES-DMD-D4 and age, Vignos score and timed motor performance was tested with Spearman correlation test (p < 0.05). The FES-DMD-D4 was composed of 3 phases, and 14 items. Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from acceptable (0.79) to excellent (0.98). The scores on FES-DMD-D4 correlated to age and timed motor performance, but not to Vignos score

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-12-19T16:59:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Gerson Carneiro de Farias - 2016.pdf: 3093324 bytes, checksum: 583f2c3e86392ff992d4f72609b67187 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-12-26T12:29:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Gerson Carneiro de Farias - 2016.pdf: 3093324 bytes, checksum: 583f2c3e86392ff992d4f72609b67187 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T12:29:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Gerson Carneiro de Farias - 2016.pdf: 3093324 bytes, checksum: 583f2c3e86392ff992d4f72609b67187 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-06 / The thesis of this study is that blind children and adolescents are seeking motor control and coordination of movements to favor the Orientation and Mobility (OM) process and the construction of Self-concept. The antithesis is that Blindness is a restriction factor to this process. And the synthesis is that the Orientation Game: " Treasure Hunt" (JO: CT) favors this construction, due to being a new Educational Technology (TE), which is at the service of solving the problem of the OM process of children and adolescents Blind, as well as involve mediation, media and publishing. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the effects that a Orientation Game program: "Treasure Hunt" entails the development of the Self-concept and the Locomotion of two blind children and two adolescents attended at the Brazilian Center for Rehabilitation and Support for the Visually Impaired Of Goiás (CEBRAV/CAP), to give them greater autonomy and independence. The method used was a quasi-experimental research design, which has the subject as its own control, to favor the construction of the Self-concept and the Locomotion of two children and two blind adolescents, aged between eight and thirteen years, using the Orientation Game : "Treasure Hunt", in which the student must make a course in an unknown area, marked by circles, having in hand a special letter of adapted orientation and a cane, as shown in the figure below. - Exit: Reception P1 - Secretary Glass door P2 - Kitchen P3 - AVAS Room P4 - Drinking Fountain P5 - Gate Sports Court - Arrival Figure 01: Adapted Guidance Special Letter Source: FARIAS (2000). The evaluation of Self-Conception and Locomotion was performed by two observers, one permanent and the other sporadic, who established the degree of agreement between them, during the Baseline, Intervention and Follow-Up phases. The results show an improvement of the Self-concept and the Locomotion of two children and two blind adolescents in the categories of Competence, Personal Value, Autonomy, Independence and Lifestyle. The conclusions are that the Orientation Game: "Treasure Hunt" has a positive effect on the construction of the Self-concept and the Locomotion of blind children and adolescents to develop Autonomy and Independence, favoring Social Inclusion. / A tese desse estudo é que as crianças e os adolescentes cegos estão buscando o controle-motor e a coordenação de movimentos para favorecer o processo de Orientação e Mobilidade (OM) e a construção de Autoconceito. A antítese é que a Cegueira é fator de restrição a esse processo. E a síntese é que o Jogo de Orientação: “Caça ao Tesouro” (JO: CT) favorece essa construção, devido ser uma nova Tecnologia Educacional (TE), que está a serviço de solucionar o problema do processo de OM de crianças e adolescentes cegos, bem como por envolver mediação, mídia e publicação. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar os efeitos que um programa de Jogo de Orientação: “Caça ao Tesouro” acarreta ao desenvolvimento do Autoconceito e da Locomoção de duas crianças e dois adolescentes cegos, atendidos no Centro Brasileiro de Reabilitação e Apoio ao Deficiente Visual de Goiás (CEBRAV/CAP), para lhes proporcionar maior autonomia e independência. O método utilizado foi um delineamento de pesquisa quase experimental, que tem o sujeito como seu próprio controle, para favorecer a construção do Autoconceito e da Locomoção de duas crianças e dois adolescentes cegos, com idades entre oito e treze anos, utilizando o Jogo de Orientação: “Caça ao Tesouro”, no qual o aluno deve realizar um percurso, em uma área desconhecida, marcada por círculos, tendo em mãos uma carta especial de orientação adaptada e uma bengala, como mostra a figura abaixo.  - Saída: Recepção. p1 - Porta de vidro da Secretaria. p2 - Cozinha p3 - Sala de AVAS p4 - Bebedouro p5 – Portão da Quadra de esportes - Chegada Figura 01: Carta Especial de Orientação Adaptada Fonte: FARIAS (2000). A avaliação do Autoconceito e da Locomoção foi realizada por dois observadores, um permanente o outro esporádico, que estabeleceram o grau do acordo entre eles, durante as fases da Linha de Base, na Intervenção e no Acompanhamento. Os resultados mostram uma melhora do Autoconceito e da Locomoção de duas crianças e dois adolescentes cegos nas categorias de Competência, Valor Pessoal, Autonomia, Independência e Estilo de Vida. As conclusões são as de que o Jogo de Orientação: “Caça ao Tesouro” tem efeito positivo na construção do Autoconceito e na Locomoção das crianças e adolescentes cegos para desenvolver Autonomia e Independência, favorecendo a Inclusão Social.