The aim of this study is to present, compare and improve the options of power transmission for tidal current arrays. The potential to generate low or zero carbon power from the world’s tides is increasing as technology moves forward. The technically available tidal current energy resource, the resource that can be captured using existing technology, in the United Kingdom can supply a significant amount of the UK electricity demand. Even though tidal current devices have similarities to offshore wind turbines in many aspects, a number of characteristics differentiate the approach needed regarding power transmission and drive-train design. Some of these characteristics are: predictable direction and speed of the tidal current, predetermined available area in a tidal channel, less swept area due higher density of water, continuous underwater operation and smaller distances to shore. This thesis is based on the hypothesis that tidal current energy can be harnessed using today’s technology in an efficient manner. Technology progression never stops and as new materials and methods become available the cost of utilising tidal current energy will drop in the years to come. However, the research question that has to be asked is whether using today’s technology tidal arrays can be an alternative source of electrical power. In order to respond to this research question electromechanical models of tidal current devices have been developed in detail, from resource to the grid connection, using mathematical linear and non-linear programming in MATLAB/Simulink. The tidal models developed include the tidal resource, the tidal turbine with pitch control, geared induction and synchronous generators, the power electronics with the generator controller, the grid side controller, the cables for power transmission, the filters and the grid connection. All the modelling aspects of this study are presented in Chapter 3. Single tidal current devices were compared using different generator technologies, squirrel cage induction generator or permanent magnet synchronous generator, and different location of the power converters, in the nacelle near the generator or many kilometres apart from the generator. Regarding the generator technology, results showed that even though differences are minor, the permanent magnet synchronous generators are more efficient. Regarding the location of the power converters results showed that positioning the power converters in the nacelle always yields fewer electrical losses but component accessibility is minimised due to the underwater operation of the tidal current device. A key focus aspect of the study is the power transmission option with onshore converters which is presented in detail. Using this concept it is possible to generate electricity from tidal current devices but at the same time keep the highest possible system reliability despite the continuous underwater operation. This concept has been used in the first demonstration tidal current arrays developed by Andritz Hydro Hammerfest. What is more, data provided by Andritz Hydro Hammerfest were utilised in order to validate the simulation models. In this study a step forward is taken regarding the concept of keeping the converter dry and controlling the tidal current generator from afar. An algorithm is developed to design power harmonic filters for systems that use long distance controls. Power harmonic filters allow the long distance control system to operate reliably under all conditions but generate significant electrical losses. The power harmonic filter design algorithm presented in this thesis estimates the exact filter parameters so that the filter ensures maximum system reliability and generate minimum possible losses. In addition tidal array topologies using this concept are developed. The final part of this thesis compares a number of different tidal array topologies based on resource to grid efficiency and component accessibility for maintenance. Results showed that when tidal current devices are clustered per four turbines on offshore platforms it is efficient to use as many clusters as possible connected to a single cable whose both ends are connected to the grid. Locating the power converters in the nacelle yields fewer electrical losses compared to locating the power converters on the offshore platform. However, the difference is minimised because the distance between the tidal current device and the offshore platform is the least possible. Having the power converters on an offshore platform is beneficial in terms of accessibility for maintenance and operation because they are not underwater. The results and the methodology from this thesis can be extended to other offshore renewable energy systems such as the wind and wave. In addition, this study can be used as a stepping stone for decision making by tidal current developers.

This article reviews the evidence of the exchange of obsidian and cinnabar, highly coveted resources that traveled in prehistoric Peru from the south-central highlands to the Paracas culture area. The evidence for exchange of these materials is compared with evidence of cultural exchange between the coast and the south-central highlands, focusing on ceramic materials uncovered from excavations at the archaeological site Atalla, located in the region of Huancavelica, Peru. The article argues that the south-central highlands were integral to the obsidian and cinnabar exchange networks of the south coast. In particular, the site of Atalla, a regional ceremonial center connected to the Early Horizon interaction networks, was connected economically to the south coast and participated in the regional interaction sphere of the south-central highlands, but also maintained very strong cultural connections with the center of Chavín de Huántar. It is also suggested that the nature of the interactions between the Paracas society and those of the south-central highlands varied depending on the region; the interaction between Paracas and Atalla seems to have concentrated mainly on economic and non-cultural exchange, whereas sites such as Campanayuq Rumi from the Ayacucho region demonstrate evidence of Paracas cultural influence. Some possible mechanisms which might explain the observed variability in exchange patterns are explored. / Este artículo examina la evidencia sobre el intercambio de obsidiana y cinabrio, recursos altamente codiciados que viajaron en la prehistoria del Perú, desde la sierra centro-sur a la zona de la sociedad Paracas. La evidencia del intercambiode estos materiales se compara con evidencia de intercambio cultural entre la costa sur y la sierra centro-sur, material cerámico descubierto de excavaciones en el sitio arqueológico Atalla, ubicado en la región de Huancavelica, Perú. El artículo sostiene que la sierra centro-sur era parte integral de las redes de intercambio de obsidiana y cinabrio de la costa sur. En particular, el sitio de Atalla, un centro ceremonial regional conectado a las redes de interacción del Horizonte Temprano, estaba conectado económicamente con la costa sur y participaba en la esfera de interacción regional de la sierra centro-sur, pero mantuvo conexiones culturales muy fuertes con el centro de Chavín de Huántar También se sugiere que la naturaleza de las interacciones entre la sociedad de Paracas y las de la sierra centro-sur varió según la región; la interacción entre Paracas y Atalla parece concentrarse principalmente en el intercambio económico y no cultural, mientras que sitios como Campanayuq Rumi, de la región de Ayacucho, demuestran evidencia de la influencia cultural de Paracas.Se exploran algunos posibles mecanismos que podrían explicar la variabilidad observada en los patrones de intercambio.

The study investigated the course TV na Escola e os Desafios de Hoje offered nationally to the teachers of the public teaching, through SEED/MEC and Unirede, in order to characterize the teachers in the technologies of audiovisual languages, by means of the use of the television and the video as pedagogical tools inserted in the teaching/learning process. The research emerged from a case study on the course on the pedagogical practice of the teachers who had participated in the course and analyzed the consequences of this formation process. Initially 33 teachers who participated in the course were selected, however, during the investigation, it was testified that some of these teachers did not explore the technologies. The sampling privileged three female teachers of the Elementary Teaching from 5th to 8th grades, High School and and of a school with cycle system. They had attended the course from the 1st to the 4th editions and incorporated the audiovisual technologies on the pedagogical practice. Two pedagogical coordinators and the coordinator of the course for UFAL also participated in. Data collection instruments had involved bibliographical, documentary and field research in which observations and questionnaries application were carried out, as well as interviews in which the female teachers speech regarding their pedagogical practice were registered and marked. Results on the study demonstrated that the conscience of the unfinished foments the opening to the changes and the teacher, in this sense, searches to innovate, to incorporate the technologies in the classroom on a critical way, as a pedagogical tool. They also disclose the necessity of implementation of politics that value the teachers career, guaranteeing to them fair salaries, conditions of work and time to the continued formation in their working journey. / O estudo investigou o curso TV na Escola e os Desafios de Hoje oferecido nacionalmente aos professores da rede pública de ensino, através da SEED/MEC e Unirede, a fim de qualificar os docentes nas tecnologias de linguagens audiovisuais, por meio da utilização da televisão e do vídeo como ferramentas pedagógicas inseridas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. A pesquisa partiu de um estudo de caso sobre o curso na prática pedagógica dos professores participantes e analisou os reflexos do processo dessa formação. Inicialmente foram selecionados 33 professores que fizeram parte do curso, entretanto, no decorrer da investigação, constatou-se que alguns desses não exploravam as tecnologias. A amostragem privilegiou três professoras do Ensino Fundamental de 5ª a 8ª série, Ensino Médio e de uma escola com sistema de ciclos. Elas cursaram entre a 1ª e 4ª edição as quais incorporaram as tecnologias audiovisuais na prática pedagógica. Tiveram participação duas coordenadoras pedagógicas e o coordenador do curso pela UFAL. Os instrumentos da coleta de dados envolveram pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, realizada através de observações, aplicação de questionários, entrevistas em que se registrou e marcou a fala das professoras sobre sua prática pedagógica. Os resultados do estudo demonstraram que a consciência do inacabamento fomenta a abertura às mudanças e o professor nessa condição busca inovar-se, incorporar as tecnologias na sala de aula de forma crítica, como ferramenta pedagógica. Revelam também a necessidade de implementação de políticas que valorizem a carreira do professor, garantindo-lhe salários dignos, condições de trabalho e tempo para formação continuada em sua jornada de trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2012-09-06T01:12:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) 136.pdf: 2863792 bytes, checksum: 8b68087ab64bd8d1c77782a314bc5994 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999 / Aborda o trabalho marítimo, particularmente o trabalho embarcado em navios de longo curso, cuja tripulaçäo está exposta a longos períodos em viagem, longe do convívio familiar e social, o que pode acarretar em sofrimento psíquico. Procura compreender as consequências da atual política de reduçäo de custos (que no caso da Marinha Mercante vem privilegiando, näo a modernizaçäo tecnológica e sim o corte no número de tripulantes) para a saúde/saúde mental dos trabalhadores. O trabalho de campo foi realizado a bordo de navio petroleiro da Frota Nacional de Petroleiros (FRONAPE), durante percurso compreendido entre Angra dos Reis (Rio de Janeiro/Brasil) e Cape Town (Africa do Sul), no período de 25 de maio a 08 de junho de 1998, sendo realizadas observaçöes das atividades desenvolvidas e das relaçöes de vida e trabalho da tripulaçäo a bordo, bem como entrevistas individuais com onze tripulantes, que foram analisadas tendo como principal abordagem teórico metodológica a psicodinâmica do trabalho. Constatou-se que a família assume papel importante na vida do trabalhador, sendo o seu distanciamento a principal fonte de sofrimento psíquico e debruçar-se sobre o trabalho o principal mecanismo defensivo utilizado pelos trabalhadores para o seu enfrentamento. Esse sofrimento está sendo intensificado pelo näo reconhecimento desse dar-se de si no trabalho e pela queda na remuneraçäo salarial. Contudo, o trabalhador embarcado a partir do prazer gerado pelo uso de sua criatividade e do bom humor na realizaçäo da tarefa, vem conseguindo näo sucumbir ao sofrimento, mantendo-se dentro do domínio da normalidade. / The present study deals with the maritime labor, particularly the work of those on board long distance ships, whose crews spend long periods far away from the family and social intimacy, which leads to psychic suffering. It tries to understand the consequences of the current policy of cutting of costs (which in the case of the Merchant Navy has been privileging the cuts in the number of crew members in detriment of technological modernization) for the health/mental health of the workers. The field work was carried out on board an oil tanker owned by the National Fleet of Oil Tankers (FRONAPE), during the route between Angra dos Reis (Rio de Janeiro/Brazil) and Cape Town (South Africa), from May 25th to June 8th, 1998, during which the carried out activities, the life and work relationships of the crew on board, were observed, as well as individual interviews with eleven members of the crew, that were analyzed having as its main theoretical-methodological approach the Psychodynamics of Labor. Family plays an important role in the worker's life, and staying away from them is the main source of physical suffering. Therefore, full dedication to work is the main defense mechanism used by the workers in order to face the problem. Such suffering is being intensified by the non-recognition of this dedication to work and by a drop of the salary remuneration. However, the worker on board, as of the fun generated by the use of his creativity and good humor on the carrying out of his task, has been able to resist the suffering, staying within the domains of what is considered to be normal.

ARAÚJO, Sandra Maria. Proposta de capacitação docente para atuação em EAD: um estudo de caso. 2007. 101f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação na Formação de EAD) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação na Formação de EAD, Brasília- DF, 2007. / Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-04T10:50:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Dis_SMARAUJO.pdf: 305972 bytes, checksum: b875f92b25413d611fdff31946ba23b2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-04T14:17:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Dis_SMARAUJO.pdf: 305972 bytes, checksum: b875f92b25413d611fdff31946ba23b2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-04T14:17:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007_Dis_SMARAUJO.pdf: 305972 bytes, checksum: b875f92b25413d611fdff31946ba23b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / The Information and Communication Technologies bring new requirements and new guidelines for the world of education that become more expressive in the Long-Distance Education (EAD). These requirements transfer the complexity of this educative modality existing in the administrative and pedagogical sphere and they justify the concern of the managers in investing in the qualification of its personnel, in view of assuring the work with more quality and social commitment. The new lines of direction and requirements make imperative that new pedagogical questions and the new challenges that people put relating to the formation of the professor are argued. Considering the situation, a qualitative and quantitative study was done to detect the distrusts, the difficulties and the expectations of the professors from a determined college relating to the implantation of the Distance Education with the objective to present a proposal of pedagogical formation of the professors. In this sense, a semistructuralized interview that was applied among the actors of the research was done. The results of the study make possible the delineation of a proposal which you believe it will make possible a better insertion of the culture in EAD, as well as it will facilitate the elaboration and implementation of projects, mediated by the technologies in the searched institution. / As Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação trazem para o mundo do ensino novas exigências e novas diretrizes que se tornam mais expressivas na Educação à Distância. Essas exigências traduzem a complexidade desta modalidade educativa presente na esfera administrativa e pedagógica, e justificam a preocupação dos gestores em investirem na qualificação de seu quadro de pessoal, tendo em vista a assegurar o trabalho com mais qualidade e compromisso social. As novas diretrizes e exigências tornam imperativo que sejam discutidas novas questões pedagógicas e os novos desafios que se colocam em relação à formação do professor. Considerando a problemática, foi realizado um estudo quanti/qualitativo visando detectar os receios, as dificuldades e as expectativas dos docentes de uma determinada instituição de ensino superior em relação a implantação da Educação à Distância, com vistas a apresentação de uma proposta de capacitação pedagógica dos docentes. Para tanto, foi realizada uma entrevista semi estruturada que foi aplicada junto aos atores da pesquisa. Os resultados do estudo possibilitaram o delineamento de uma proposta a qual acredita-se que possibilitará uma melhor inserção da cultura em EAD, bem como facilitará a elaboração e implementação de projetos, mediados pelas tecnologias na instituição em tela.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:51:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 batista_mlfs_me_bauru.pdf: 2690114 bytes, checksum: ba26e522332e5e357ef59453ada06f7d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho é propor recomendações para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas de suporte à Educação a Distância. Essas ferramentas foram delimitadas como os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem e sistemas tutores inteligentes, vistos a partir da ótica do design gráfico, dentro das especificações do design instrucional. A Educação a Distância é um fazer pedagógico que procura atender a sociedade da informação e do conhecimento. Para isso, ela faz uso da educação online, que se processa pela Internet, envolvendo a interação de pessoas. A terceira geração da educação a distância, baseada nas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação; usa os ambientes virtuais, os sistemas tutores inteligentes e as tecnologias interativas. O design instrucional é identificado como uma metodologia educacional que, por meio da tecnologia, propõe práticas e soluções para uma aprendizagem colaborativa e autônoma. Essa responsabilidade e abrangência cruzam os caminhos com o design. O designer gráfico e o webdesigner fazem parte da equipe multidisciplinar que compõe o design instrucional. Mesmo havendo vários sistemas eletrônicos de aprendizagem no mercado, várias instituições de ensino optam por desenvolvê-los internamente, privilegiando mais a generalidade do que a usabilidade. Para entender o desenvolvimento de sistemas tutores e ambientes virtuais, alguns processos, que regem a inteligência, a emoção, a percepção, a inteligência virtual, a ergonomia e a usabilidade, devem ser vistos como premissas básicas de tendências de aplicação. Assim, as recomendações deste trabalho, baseadas em uma metodologia de detalhamento do design instrucional, abordaram alguns passos, que foram o planejamento de unidades de aprendizagem, em que se verifica a aplicação do design gráfico; o desenvolvimento de roteiros e storyboards, e a definição... / The objective of this word is to propose recommendations for the development of tools supporting the Distance Education. These tools had been delimited as virtual environments of learning and intelligent tutorial systems, in the approach to graphic design, inside of the specifications of instructional design. A Distance Education is one to make pedagogical for the society of the information and the knowledge. For this, it makes use of the education online, that it processes itself for the Internet, involving the interaction of people. The third generation of the distance education, based in the Information Technologies and Communication, uses virtual environments, the intelligent tutorial systems and the interactive technologies. Instructional Design is identified as an educational methodology that, by means of the tecnology, consider practical and solutions for a collaborative and independent learning. This responsability and wide-ranging cross the ways with design. Graphical designer and webdesigner are part of multidiscipline team that composes instructional design. Even with several some electronic systems of learning in the market, some institutions of education opt to develop them internally, focusing more the generality of what the usability. To understand the development of tutorial systems and virtual environments, some processes, that conduct intelligence, the emotion, the perception, virtual intelligence, the ergonomics and the usability, they must be seen as basic premises of application trends. Thus, the recommendations of this work, based in a methology of detailing of instructional design, had approached some steps, that had been the planning of units of learning, where if verify the application of design graphical; the development of scripts and storyboards, and the definition of structures of navigation for menus; design of media contents, that... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Orientador: Ricardo Abid Castillo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociencias / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T12:04:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iozzi_FabiolaLana_M.pdf: 3910334 bytes, checksum: 3fa383241f2c0fd658f4072c67afb45b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A quebra do monopólio estatal em 1995 e a privatização propriamente dita poucos anos mais tarde, constituem os principais marcos do processo de reestruturação do sistema brasileiro de telecomunicações. Essa mudança na natureza dos agentes prestadores dos serviços de telecomunicações, antes estatais e agora privados, demandou a criação de instrumentos regulatórios que visam garantir a universalização e continuidade no que diz respeito ao serviço de telefonia fixa. A proposta de universalização tem como objetivo assegurar a oferta desse serviço básico para qualquer pessoa independentemente de sua localização ou condição sócio-econômica. Assim, as metas de universalização surgiram como uma espécie de garantia para a população frente ao processo de privatização do sistema de telecomunicações brasileiro. ssa proposta, porém, é baseada somente na expansão do número de linhas telefônicas instaladas o que não significa dizer que essas linhas estejam realmente sendo utilizadas. O uso desse serviço é condicionado ao pagamento de altas tarifas, o que impede o acesso de parcela da população, que não possui potencial econômico suficiente para arcar com tais custos. O Estado concede o oferecimento de um serviço básico para agentes privados e se exime do planejamento de um segmento estratégico. Se o Estado deve ter o comprometimento com a totalidade do território, os agentes privados comprometem-se apenas com a busca pelo lucro, o que em um país que revela tantas desigualdades torna-se um dado perverso. Desse modo, procuramos, neste trabalho, desvendar essa contradição a partir da análise do território brasileiro, pois este revela as conseqüências das ações políticas e a coerência com a realidade na qual estas se dão. Essa discussão se fará por meio da análise das transformações técnicas e normativas em curso no sistema de telecomunicações brasileiro, na busca de contribuir para a identificação dos rumos da universalização proposta para o serviço de telefonia fixa no Brasil / Abstract: The break in the State monopoly in 1995 and a few years later, the privatization properly said, constitute the main bases of the process of restructure of the Brazilian telecommunication system. This change in the nature of the telecommunication services render agents, in the past, being from the State and now private, demanded the creation of regulatory instruments that aim to warranty the universalization and continuity in what concerns to the fixed telephone system service. The proposal of universalization has as an aim to ensure the offer of this basic service for every person independently from his or her localization or social-economic condition. Thus, the goals of universalization came up as a kind of guarantee for the population front to the process of privatization of the Brazilian telecommunication system. However, this proposal is based only in the expansion of the number of installed telephone lines, what doesn¿t mean that those lines are really being used. The use of this service depends on the payment of high tariffs, which impedes the access of part of the population that doesn¿t have enough economic potential to afford such costs. The State concedes the offering of a basic service for private agents and releases itself from the planning of a strategic segment. If the State must have the commitment to the totality of the territory, the private agents commit themselves only to the seek for the profit, which in a country that reveals so much inequality, it turns into a wicked date. In this way, we tempt, in this work, to unmask this contradiction, from the analysis of the Brazilian territory, because this reveals the consequences of the political actions and the coherence to the reality in which they occur. This discussion will be achieved through the analysis of the technical and normative transformations occurring in the Brazilian telecommunication system, in the search for the contribution to the identification of the ways the proposed universalization for the fixed telephone system service in Brazil / Mestrado / Mestre em Geografia

Orientador: Maria Helena Baena de Moraes Lopes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T03:55:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Zanetti_JoseMariaChagas_M.pdf: 8139106 bytes, checksum: 741b0a2a8e18e66f3834395753773f48 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: Este estudo teve por objetivo desenvolver e avaliar um curso de ensino a distância (EAD) para enfermeiros, por meio da internet, sobre a técnica de coleta do exame citopatológico (exame Papanicolaou), focando também a assistência e acompanhamento das condutas clínicas recomendadas pelo Ministério da Saúde, descrever as etapas de desenvolvimento do curso e o perfil dos alunos; avaliar o conteúdo do curso, por juízes enfermeiros e médicos especialistas na área e por profissionais com experiência em EAD; avaliar a participação, o conhecimento teórico e a opinião dos alunos sobre o curso; além de avaliar o conhecimento teórico dos alunos aplicados à prática. A população-alvo foram enfermeiros dos Centros de Saúde do município de Campinas, SP, envolvidos na coleta do exame citopatológico. Foram convidados cinqüenta enfermeiros via e-mail, desses, 24 se inscreveram (48%), mas 19 (38%) iniciaram o curso e 13 (19/13 ou 68,42%) concluíram. A Aprendizagem Baseada em Casos foi escolhida como metodologia de ensino e o "software" TelEduc como suporte para criação, participação e administração do curso. Foi aplicado um pré e pós-teste para análise dos conhecimentos adquiridos, além da avaliação durante o curso. Antes de se iniciar o curso, foi realizada uma avaliação do conteúdo do curso por dois especialistas na realização do exame citopatológico e dois em EAD. Os juízes especialistas na realização do exame citopatológico consideraram o curso adequado nos quesitos Conteúdo Geral das Informações, Apresentação das Informações e Projeto Educacional; e adequado, mas precisando de pequenas reformulações em Autoria e Confiabilidade das Informações. Já os especialistas em EAD consideraram o curso adequado em Autoria e Projeto Educacional e adequado, mas precisando de pequenas reformulações em Conteúdo Geral das Informações, Apresentação das Informações e Confiabilidade das Informações. O teste de concordância de Kendall foi aplicado, assim como a análise de concordância entre eles por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) que foi igual a 0.995, comprovando significativa concordância na avaliação realizada pelos especialistas. A comparação nas notas dos alunos nas duas avaliações demonstraram resultados significativos. Um questionário do tipo Likert foi entregue aos alunos com enunciados negativos e positivos, o qual confirmou opinião favorável acerca do curso O coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach foi de 0.872010, demonstrando alta consistência interna. Concluiu-se que os objetivos propostos foram atingidos e o curso precisa apenas de pequenas reformulações. / Abstract: This study was a applied research, which had the following objectives: a) to describe the steps of the development of a long-distance education course (LDEC) on pap test realization to be give by Internet, approach for clients fooling support after delivery result with clinical conduct recommended by Brazil Health Ministery; b) to evaluate the course through specialists in Pap test realization and in LDEC; c) to describe students and evaluators profile; d) to evaluate students participation and their opinion about the course. The studied population was made of nurses from Campinas Metropolitan Area. Fifteen nurses were invited though e-mail; twenty four (48%) subscribe and 19 arrived end 13 completed the course (19/13 on 68,42%). Ten nurses were female and three were male with an average age of 36,3 and graduating time of 9,3 years. The chosen teaching method was the Case-based learning, with the objectives of promoting an active process and allowing interaction among students. The course environment chosen for is creation, participation and administration was the TelEduc. Was evaluated the students the before initializing of the course and after completed the course. Before its beginning, the course's was evaluated by two specialists in LDEC and two specialists in Pap test realization. The judges specialists in Pap test realization with age of 58 and 45 years and whit 30 and 10 years, time of experience on the area of about. The judges specialists in LDEC, with age of 36 and 47 years; their experience time in LEDC was the six and twelve years. The judges specialists in Pap test realization considered the course adequate on the items General Content Information, Presentation of Information and Education Project; and adequate, but needing slight reformulation in Authorship and Reliability of Information. However, the specialists in LDEC considered the course adequate in Authorship and Education Project and adequate, but needing slight reformulation in General Content Information, Presentation of Information, Reliability of Information. The test of Kendall was used to verify the agreement enters the four judge and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with significant concord in the evaluation between the judges. The students was evaluated and the two evaluated, showing significant between the first evaluation end second evaluation. A questionnaire Likert-tipe containing positive and negative statement was used and showing favorable. / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem

The purpose of the study was to explore the psychosocial factors involved in the susceptibility, experience and rehabilitation of injuries sustained in long-distance running in order to develop a biopsychosocial theoretical model that will help explain the experience of injury and the successful rehabilitation thereof in long-distance running. The study was approached from a biopsychosocial theoretical perspective. A mixed methods research design with the purpose of expansion and using 15 case studies was employed. Purposive sampling with a snowballing effect was used to select the 15 long-distance runners who were injured or had recently recovered from injury. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each of the participants. Furthermore, each participant completed the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. An examination of the participants’ experiences of injury reveals that injury has an effect on and is affected by the following factors: running history and training program; perceived benefits and disadvantages of running; personal understanding of injury; personality factors; psychological responses to injury; perceived causes of injury; approach to rehabilitation; and coping mechanisms. Furthermore, there is an inherent interplay of biological or physical, psychological and social processes involved in the experience of injuries sustained in long-distance running. Based on the findings of the study, the biopsychosocial model of long-distance running injuries is proposed. Although the model emanates from the experiences of the 15 participants in the study, it may be applied to long-distance runners in general. A long-distance runner’s experience of running is the core of the model. The model depicts how each of the factors noted previously has an effect on and is affected by injury; thus, showing the integral relationship between injury and each of the factors. Furthermore, the biopsychosocial nature of the model is also portrayed in the model. Cognizance is also taken that all long-distance runners are individuals and may respond to injury in a unique manner. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Psychology / unrestricted

The diploma paper, Evaluation of aplicability of Leading Quality Trails - Best of Europe criteria on a long-distance hiking trail in the Czech Republic, deals with the process of certification of long-distance hiking trails in accordance with the norm called Leading Quality Trails - Best of Europe. The norm is based on German norms for certificating long-distance hiking trails which brought remarkable success. So far, there are no such trails in the Czech Republic. The main purpose of this thesis is to provide answers to questions concerning the aplicability of European norms on Czech hiking trails. Specifically, it will focus on the aplication of the norms on the long-distance hiking trail Stezka podel Luznice and its evaluation.