This thesis will study three specific subjects in order to document changing viewpoints in American culture in relation to nationalism, patriotism, and memories from older generations. It will be studying a space- Bunker Hill, a place- Independence Hall and a person- Marquis Lafayette at approximately fifty years after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Each subject will explore the ways the memory of the soldiers involved in the American Revolution have been preserved and remembered. It is the intent of this thesis to establish the importance of the passage of time especially when it comes to preserving historic artifacts and buildings and the way the changing associations have on how we preserve these artifacts. / The triumphal tour of Marquis Lafayette -- Independence Hall -- Bunker Hill Monument. / Department of Architecture

This dissertation investigates the diverse ways in which the Portuguese language expanded in Brazil, despite the multilingual landscape that predominated prior to and after the arrival of the Europeans and the African diaspora. It challenges the assumption that the predominance of Portuguese was a natural consequence and foregone conclusion of colonisation. This work argues that the expansion of Portuguese was a tumultuous process that mirrored the power relations and conflicts between Amerindian, European, African, and mestizo actors who shaped, standardised, and promoted the Portuguese language within and beyond state institutions. The expansion of Portuguese was as much a result of state intervention as it was of individual agency. Language was a mechanism of power that opened possibilities in a society where ethnic, religious, and economic criteria usually marginalised the vast majority of the population from the colonial system. Basic literacy skills allowed access to certain occupations in administration, trading, teaching, and priesthood that elevated people’s social standing. These possibilities created, in most social groups, the desire to emulate the elites and to appropriate the Portuguese language as part of their identity. This research situates the question of language, identity, and power within the theoretical framework of Atlantic history between 1695 and 1822. Atlantic history contributes to our understanding of the ways in which peoples, materials, institutions and ideas moved across Iberia, Africa and the Americas without overlooking the new contours that these elements assumed in the colony, as they moved in tandem, but also contested each other. Focusing on the mining district of Minas Gerais for its economic and social importance, this dissertation draws on multiple ecclesiastical and administrative sources to assess how ordinary people and authoritative figures daily interacted with one another to shape the Portuguese language.

This research presents a regional study of the implementation of the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act (commonly known as the New Poor Law) and its operation in Hertfordshire up to 1847. It examines the economic costs of poor relief across the whole of this rural southern county but it also adopts a microhistory approach to examine in detail how the New Poor Law was implemented and administered in four poor law unions: Hatfield, Hitchin, St Albans and Watford. This study makes national and intra-county comparisons of poor relief data, policy and practice. This research focuses on people as well as place and examines how different groups influenced poor law policy and practice. It makes an important finding about the role played by the second Marquis of Salisbury (a prominent Hertfordshire resident) in the review of the poor laws and the legislation that followed. At the local level this thesis explores the process of implementation and gives new emphasis to the contribution made by the assistant poor law commissioners to both process and policy in the initial years of the New Poor Law. This study is unusual in the attention given to the middlemen of the poor law machinery - the poor law guardians and poor law officers including: medical officers, workhouse masters, relieving officers and schoolmasters and mistresses. This detailed examination of the local guardians challenges the existing historiography on the social demography of this body of men, demonstrates that the influence of elite personnel persisted and adds new data to support the argument that the operation of the poor laws was not just regionally but locally diverse. The workhouse, so symbolic of the New Poor Law and an essential component of the deterrent ideology, is considered in the context of attitudes around its construction and capacity as well as its everyday operation. This thesis adds to the poor law historiography with new data on a previously under-researched area of the country; it provides new information on the development of poor law policy, but more importantly it draws attention to the role of the middlemen and how their individual contributions influenced poor law policy and practice.

Submitted by Maria Dulce (mdulce@ndc.uff.br) on 2014-02-06T16:57:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Peixoto, Rafael-Dissert-2013.pdf: 2211346 bytes, checksum: 6c99bc564a35f53c74cec9b0ce5f5d2f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-06T16:57:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Peixoto, Rafael-Dissert-2013.pdf: 2211346 bytes, checksum: 6c99bc564a35f53c74cec9b0ce5f5d2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / O presente trabalho visa apresentar o processo de elaboração da Lei de 7 de novembro de 1831, passada para a História como "lei para inglês ver". Percebendo-a como associada às disputas políticas pelo controle do Estado Imperial durante a conjuntura de 1826-31, buscamos aferir de que maneira a questão da abolição do comércio da escravatura no Brasil foi utilizado como importante instrumento político pelas facções políticas da época, divididos, num primeiro momento, entre partidários e opositores à figura de D. Pedro I, e, depois, entre moderados, exaltados e caramurus. Neste contexto, procuramos destacar a atuação política do marquês de Barbacena, Felisberto Caldeira Brant Pontes de Oliveira Horta, figura central na política do Primeiro Reinado e autor da referida lei. / This research aims to present the emergence of the Law of November 7th, 1831, known in history as “lei para inglês ver”. Realizing that this law was associated with political disputes over control of the imperial State during the juncture of 1826-1831, we aim to assess how the matter of the abolition of slavery trade in Brazil was used as an important policy tool for the political factions in that time, divided at first, between supporters and opponents to D. Pedro I, and then between moderates and exalted and caramurus. In this context, we emphasize the political role of the Marquis of Barbacena Felisberto Caldeira Brant Pontes de Oliveira Horta, a central figure in the politics of the First Reign and author of the stated law.

No description available.

Le théâtre, surtout depuis les années 1970, tend à redéfinir les rôles dévolus à ses artisans. Le Québec ne fait pas exception, et le présent mémoire s'intéresse à l'auteur dramatique qui, suite à l'apparition des collectifs de création, a vu son rôle remis en question et décentralisé. La scène se déclarait soudainement apte à pallier le manque de texte, amenant ainsi la théâtralité à se chercher ailleurs que dans l'écriture dramatique. Or, nous assistons depuis quelques années à un retour de l'auteur au sein des collectifs de création qui font de plus en plus appel à lui et l'invite en salle de répétition. C'est de cet auteur dont il sera question; cet auteur invité à fréquenter la création collective et l'improvisation, qui a dû réinventer sa façon de travailler. Nous proposons deux cas de figure rendant compte de deux types de pratiques. D'abord Michel Nadeau, metteur en scène et auteur s'étant servi de la création collective pour l'écriture de la pièce BUREAUtopsie; puis Daniel Meilleur et Normand Canac-Marquis, qui ont tous deux travaillé sur Mémoire Vive, le premier ayant fait appel à l'autre après plus d'un an d'atelier de création. La réflexion, fondée sur les entretiens réalisés auprès des trois créateurs, fera état d'un auteur dramatique devant faire preuve de souplesse mais surtout, devant se réinventer selon chaque contexte de création.

This thesis represents an important investigation into the much-neglected period of exile endured by many Royalists as a consequence of the violence and alienation of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms (1639-1651).Drawing from extensive archival research conducted in Britain, Ireland and Europe, this study expands upon existing literature on royalism, British and Irish interaction with Continental Europe and seventeenth-century mentalities more generally in order to illumine the unique issues faced by these exiles. Central to this study are the roles and experiences of the Irish element within Charles II’s exiled court. Recent studies focussed upon the place of Ireland within Europe and the North Atlantic are employed to assess such issues as confessional division, court culture, the impact of memory and the influence of conflicting European ideas upon the survival of the exiles and the course of the restoration cause. A thematic, rather than chronological structure is employed in order to develop these interpretations, allowing for an approach which emphasizes the place of individuals in relation to broader Royalist mentalities. Dominant figures include Murrough O’Brien, Lord Inchiquin (c. 1614-1674), Theobald, Lord Taaffe (d. 1677), John Bramhall (1594-1663), Church of Ireland bishop of Derry, Daniel O’Neill (c. 1612-1664), Father Peter Talbot (SJ) (c. 1618/20 – 1680) and James Butler, marquis of Ormond (1610-1688). Through investigation of Irish strands of royalism and the wider issues in which they were set in the course of civil war and exile, this thesis makes a powerful argument for the need to consider seventeenth-century ideas of allegiance and identity not only within a ‘Three Kingdoms’ approach, but Europe more generally. It also makes a compelling case for the centrality of Irish Royalists in the formation and implementation of policy during the exile period through their familiarity with and access to European centres of power and influence.

En esta tesis se hace un estudio de las élites de poder en Caravaca durante la Segunda Mitad del Siglo XVIII, tanto a nivel familiar, como a nivel de poder político y de la relación de este con su poder patrimonial. Se parte del análisis de las principales familias que configuran el poder local, y a partir de él, se procede a establecer los lazos de parentesco y matrimonios que se dan entre dichas élites. Pero el centro de la tesis lo constituye el estudio de los comerciantes desde dos vertientes: La primera como instrumento económico que va a favorecer el tráfico y comercio de la zona introduciéndola en las principales rutas interiores del comercio de la lana, mientras que la segunda vertiente hace referencia, a su influencia como poder político, a su introducción paulatina en los cargos del concejo y la ocupación de los puestos de mayor relevancia. / This thesis is intended as a study of power elites in Caravaca during the second half of the 18th century from the perspective of the families involved and the relationship between their political and patrimonial powers. The main families that shaped local power have been analysed and the bonds and marriages between their members have been brought to light. The core of the thesis, however, is the study of local merchants from a double perspective: (i) their role as economic agents that encouraged traffic and commerce in the area by introducing it in the main inland routes of wool trade; and (ii) the gradual increase of their political power, as shown by the fact that they tended to hold the most relevant posts in the local council.

Erweiterte Fassung (2019) des gleichnamigen Beitrages aus Wahrnehmung – Erkenntnis – Vermittlung. Hildesheim, Zürich, New York: Olms Verlag, 2013 (Fs. Auhagen), 248-259

Ce mémoire étudie comment Condorcet, Hegel, Durkheim, Parsons, Bourdieu et Passeron conçoivent les fonctions respectives de la famille et de l’école en matière d’éducation. Depuis la Révolution française, les idées modernes sur ce partage ont beaucoup évoluées. C’est à titre de témoins éminents de cette évolution que ces auteurs sont interrogés. Toutes héritières des principes issus du siècle des Lumières, les conceptions étudiées varient selon le rapport à l’ordre social et selon l’intention qui les guide ; le bonheur universel qui fait autorité sur la liberté de l’individu en formation devient de moins en moins abstrait. En tant que finalité, cet idéal se fait supplanter, presque, par la question du bonheur individuel, pourtant soumise aujourd’hui à l’exigence de la réussite scolaire. La responsabilité individuelle s’en trouve accrue, puisque, depuis que les structures sociales inégalitaires ont été sévèrement critiquées, l’ordre social ne doit plus reposer sur des déterminations de classe. / This study examines how Condorcet, Hegel, Durkheim, Parsons, Bourdieu and Passeron perceive the roles of both the family and the school with regard to upbringing. Since the French Revolution, these perceptions have greatly evolved. We refer to these authors since they clearly represent the context of this evolution. Although these perceptions have inherited principles originating from the Enlightenment, they vary according to the relationship with society and the intentions by which they are guided. Universal happiness, which has an impact on the freedom of the growing individual, becomes less and less abstract. In the end, this ideal is almost surpassed by the freedom of personal happiness, which still depends today on success in school, as it is a generally accepted requirement. The responsibility of each individual is amplified, because, ever since unequal social structures have been highly criticized, social order shall no longer be based upon class determination.