Music has always been an important form of communication and it can be found in many different contexts including aesthetical, cultural and emotional forms. In the globalized society of today music can be distributed fast through radio, TV, CD: s and the Internet. For many people consumption of music is an important part of the daily life and it can contribute to shape an individual’s attitudes and personality. The main purpose of this study is to find out whether there are any differences between men and women’s musical preferences. I will apply an explorative approach using qualitative interviews to describe what causes the differences. My results show that there is a difference between men and women’s musical preferences at least on the surface. Men preferred listening to rock and women favoured pop to a greater extent. These results could be affected by socialisation which refers to common norms in the society describing how women and men should behave. Socialisation can be linked to musical preferences and clearly both sexes are affected by this. It can be problematic to break these norms fearing exclusion from certain social groups. Some factors that effects musical preferences are socialisation, gender and identity.

<p>Music has always been an important form of communication and it can be found in many different contexts including aesthetical, cultural and emotional forms. In the globalized society of today music can be distributed fast through radio, TV, CD: s and the Internet. For many people consumption of music is an important part of the daily life and it can contribute to shape an individual’s attitudes and personality.</p><p>The main purpose of this study is to find out whether there are any differences between men and women’s musical preferences. I will apply an explorative approach using qualitative interviews to describe what causes the differences. My results show that there is a difference between men and women’s musical preferences at least on the surface. Men preferred listening to rock and women favoured pop to a greater extent. These results could be affected by socialisation which refers to common norms in the society describing how women and men should behave. Socialisation can be linked to musical preferences and clearly both sexes are affected by this. It can be problematic to break these norms fearing exclusion from certain social groups. Some factors that effects musical preferences are socialisation, gender and identity.</p>

Magistro darbe remiantis pedagoginės, psichologinės, metodinės literatūros bei švietimo dokumentų analize išsiaiškinome, kad muzikos mokytojo vaidmuo jaunų žmonių gyvenime labai svarbus, nes mokytojas ne tik suteikia žinių, bet ir daro įtaką mokinio asmenybės formavimuisi, talentų ir gebėjimų atskleidimui, bendravimui su aplinkiniais. Muzikos pamokos bendrojo lavinimo mokykloje įgyja didelę reikšmę ugdant meilę muzikai, formuojant estetinius moksleivių jausmus, todėl norint, kad kiekvienas mokinys galėtų bendrauti su muzika, visapusiškai atskleisti muzikinius gabumus, lavinti gebėjimus, tenkinti saviraiškos poreikį, mokytojui tenka ypatingas vaidmuo. Muzikos mokytojas mokykloje yra tas žmogus, nuo kurio priklauso kaip bus organizuotas ugdymo procesas, kokie susiklostys santykiai tarp jo ir ugdytinio, kokia atmosfera vyraus klasėje, kokie bus veiklos tikslai ir reikalavimai. Deja, dauguma paauglių muzikos pamoką suprantą kaip pertraukėlę tarp sunkesniųjų pamokų, kita dalis mokinių muzikos pamokas vertina abejingai, todėl muzikos mokytojui labai svarbu stengtis, kad muzikinio ugdymo procesas būtų kūrybiškas, atitiktų moksleivių interesus ir poreikius bei įtrauktų visą klasės bendruomenę į bendrą veiklą. Tyrimo objektas – muzikos mokytojo poveikis paauglių muzikinėms preferencijoms. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti muzikos mokytojo poveikį paauglių poreikių ir muzikinių preferencijų formavimuisi. Gauti rezultatai parodė, jog paaugliai norėtų turėti muzikos mokytoją teisingą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / On the basis of analysis of pedagogical, psychological and methodical literature as well as documents of education it was revealed that the role of music teacher is especially significant for life of young persons since a teacher not only provides knowledge but also has impact upon formation of student’s personality, revelation of talents and capabilities, communication with others. Lessons of music acquire great significance at comprehensive schools when developing love for music, forming aesthetic feelings of students; therefore, a particular role is assumed by teachers when making every child deal with music, revealing musical talents fully, developing capabilities, satisfying need for self-expression. Music teacher is the one at school whom the organization of educational process depends on, he/she influences what relations shall develop between him and the educated, what atmosphere shall prevail in the class, what types and requirements of activity shall be. Unfortunately, the majority of adolescents treat the lesson of music as a break between other more difficult lessons, other part of students holds an indifferent attitude towards lessons of music; hence, teacher of music should put a great deal of effort so that the process of musical education would be creative, would meet interests and needs of students and would involve all class community into general activity. The subject of the research – impact of music teacher upon musical preferences of adolescents. The... [to full text]

Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti Vilniaus rajono ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus. Tyrimo objektas - veiksniai, kurie daro įtaką vaiko nuostatoms apie įvairų stilių klausomą muziką. Tyrimo uždaviniai: apžvelgti teorinę literatūrą apie vaikų muzikinio skonio ir muzikinės tapatybės formavimąsi; anketine apklausa nustatyti keturių Vilniaus apskrities mokyklų ketvirtų klasių mokinių prielankumą įvairių stilių muzikai; grupinio interviu metu išsiaiškinti mokinių nuostatas ir įvairias priežastis, kurios lemia abejingumą ar prielankumą klausomai muzikai; išnagrinėti, ar berniukų ir mergaičių nuostatos skiriasi klausomos muzikos atžvilgiu. Per pastaruosius 30 metų pasaulyje gana daug atlikta tyrimų analizuojančių mokinių muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus iš įvairių perspektyvų, tokių kaip: muzikos klausytojų pasirinkimas atliekant įvairias užduotis; nuomonės ir pirmenybės, teikiamos įvairiems muzikos stiliams ir dainoms; klausytojų pasirinkimas iš įvairių muzikos bruožų. Tačiau Lietuvoje nepavyko rasti tyrimų analizuojančių ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus. Tokio pobūdžio tyrimai leistų išsiaiškinti ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus ir veiksnius, kurie susiję su jų pasirinkimais. Šie tyrimai leis mokytojui geriau suprasti mokinį, tinkamai parinkti pamokose klausomą muziką.Kažką apie būtinumą geriau suprasti mokinį, ir tik tada gali jį motyvuoti. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2009 metų rudenį Eitminiškių vidurinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study was to investigate various aspects of music listening preferences among fourth grade students in the rural area around Vilnius, Lithuania. Four schools were included in the study. The study was conducted in the autumn of 2009 at Eitminiškių Secondary School and its branches at Ažulaukės, Visalaukės, Sužionys. The sample consisted of 29 fourth grade pupils: 16 girls and 13 boys. The research includes an overview of the theoretical literature on children’s musical taste and musical identity formation; a survey questionnaire to determine dispositions regarding different styles of music among fourth grade schoolchildren.; Group interviews of students were conducted to find out the various causes which lead to likes or dislikes of certain types of music. Gender differences were also examined Over the past 30 years many research studies have been conducted analyzing students’ choices of music features from various perspectives, such as: choice of music while performing a range of tasks; opinions and priorities attached to various styles of music and songs; listeners’ choice of different musical features. In Lithuania, however, there is a dearth of studies analyzing primary grade students’ listening preferences and related topics. . Such studies would help clarify the nature of fourth grade students’ music listening choice and factors associated with their choices. This would help teachers better understand the learner, and choose more effective music... [to full text]

<p>I den här uppsatsen undersöker jag musikelever på gymnasiets estetiska program i Västerås, och vilken effekt undervisningen har på deras musikpreferenser. Resultaten baseras på två enkäter, en till elever och en till lärare. Undersökningen visar att eleverna till största delen är positiva till den musik de möter i skolan, men bara en mindre del av dem lyssnar på den musiken privat.</p> / <p>In this essay, I examine the effect of education regarding musical preferences expressed by students of music at upper secondary school in Västerås. The results are based on two questionnaires, one for the pupils, and one for the teachers of the school. The investigation indicates, that the pupils are largely positive towards the music presented in school, but only a lesser part of them actually listen to it privately.</p>

I den här uppsatsen undersöker jag musikelever på gymnasiets estetiska program i Västerås, och vilken effekt undervisningen har på deras musikpreferenser. Resultaten baseras på två enkäter, en till elever och en till lärare. Undersökningen visar att eleverna till största delen är positiva till den musik de möter i skolan, men bara en mindre del av dem lyssnar på den musiken privat. / In this essay, I examine the effect of education regarding musical preferences expressed by students of music at upper secondary school in Västerås. The results are based on two questionnaires, one for the pupils, and one for the teachers of the school. The investigation indicates, that the pupils are largely positive towards the music presented in school, but only a lesser part of them actually listen to it privately.

Объектами исследования являются типы темперамента, свойства нервной системы, музыкальные предпочтения. Предметом исследования стала взаимосвязь между типами темперамента студентов и их предпочтениями в жанрах музыки. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (40 источников) и 6 приложений, включающих в себя описание методик и промежуточные расчеты. Объем магистерской диссертации 94 страницы, на которых размещены 17 рисунков и 16 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме школьной адаптации пятиклассников. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию понятия темперамента, его физиологических и психологических характеристик, а также влияния музыки на психологические аспекты личности. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: диагностике темперамента Стреляу (PTS), личностному опроснику Айзенка (EPI, вариант А), авторской анкете на определение музыкальных предпочтений. Также в главе представлен корреляционный и сравнительный анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The objects of research are types of temperament, properties of the nervous system, and musical preferences. The subject of the study was the relationship between the types of temperament of students and their preferences in the genres of music. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (40 sources) and 6 appendices, including a description of the methods and intermediate calculations. The volume of the master's thesis is 94 pages, which contain 17 figures and 16 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the elaboration of the problem, sets the purpose and objectives of the study, defines the object and subject of the study, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, indicates the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of school adaptation of fifth graders. The sections devoted to the study of the concept of temperament, its physiological and psychological characteristics, as well as the influence of music on the psychological aspects of personality are presented. The conclusions of the first chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It describes the organization and methods of the conducted research and the results obtained using all the methods used: Strelau temperament diagnosis (PTS), the Eysenck personal questionnaire (EPI, option A), the author's questionnaire for determining musical preferences. The chapter also presents a correlation and comparative analysis of the results of the study. The conclusions of Chapter 2 include the main results of the empirical study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are summarized, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, the practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for further development of this issue are described.

4 Summary Exploring the musical preferences in relation to other aspects of human life has a long tradition. The present work is focused on exploring musical preferences with regard to personal value system. The research was designed as mixed method using questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The research sample consisted of 18 pupils aged 16 years. An important part of the research was music questionnaire that tried to clarify those genres, that are not familiar to respondents. Results of the music questionnaire were used as the basis for selection of respondents according to the preferential groups and to compare these groups in relation to certain musical attitudes, home musical environment and above all value system. The overall results of the research point to a very slight tendency to group certain specifics of the respondents which prefer hip hop, metal and classical music. On the contrary, results show a demonstrable impact of home music environment in shaping musical preferences. The unexpected outcome of present study is finding that listeners using the music questionnaire rated more positive the same genre of music compared to rating genres only by their concepts about each genre. Key words Musical preferences, musical genre, value system, adolescents, home musical environment, mixed...