This PhD thesis presents investigations of perovskite-related compounds in systems of interest for applications in components in solid oxide fuel cells. The compound compositions derive from substitutions in the parent compounds LaCoO3, LaCrO3 and SrFeO3. Novel phases La2Co1+z(MgxTi1-x)1-zO6 were synthesized and investigated with regard to structure, thermal expansion, electronic and magnetic properties. The study focused on the composition lines La2Co(MgxTi1-x)O6 (z=0), where the oxidation state of Co nominally changes from +2 (x=0.0) to +3 (x=0.5), and La2Co1+z(Mg0.5Ti0.5)1-zO6, with a varying fraction of Co3+ ions. XANES data show that the Co ions in the system have discrete oxidation states of +2 and +3. The TEC increases with increasing x due to an increasing contribution from spin state transitions of the Co3+ ions. Novel compounds La2Cr(M2/3Nb1/3)O6 with M=Mg, Ni, Cu were synthesized and characterized with respect to structure and magnetic properties. XRPD and NPD data indicate Pbnm symmetry; however, SAED patterns and HREM images indicate a P21/n symmetry for M=Mg, and Cu. The magnetic measurements results were rationalized using the Goodenough-Kanamori rules. Oxygen-deficient phases with x≥0.63 in SrxY1-xFeO3-δ and Sr0.75Y0.25Fe1-yMyO3-δ (M=Cr, Mn, Ni and y=0.2, 0.33, 0.5), were synthesized and characterized with respect to structure, oxygen content, thermogravimetry, TEC, conductivity and magnetic properties. Powder patterns of phases agree with cubic  perovskite structures. NPD data for x=0.75 reveal anisotropic displacement for the O atom, related to local effects from Fe3+/Fe4+ ions. SAED patterns for x=0.75 reveal the presence of an incommensurate modulation. The compounds start to lose oxygen in air at ~ 400°C. The TEC up to ~400°C for x=0.75 is ~10.5 ppm/K and increase to ~17.5 ppm/K at higher temperatures. The conductivity for x=0.91 is 164 S/cm at 400°C. Partial substitution of Fe by Cr, Mn or Ni does not increase the conductivity or decrease TEC.

No description available.

The vast distribution and long duration of the Late Mesozoic magmatism in the eastern part of South China presents a unique case in the world. This offers a natural laboratory to study the process of magma genesis, the magma emplacement mode, the relationship between magmatism and tectonics, the geodynamic role on the magma emplacement and lithospheric evolution. Since 50's, particularly 90's of the last century, geoscientists have made important efforts in geological cartography and carried out numerous studies with remarkable scientific achievements, building a solid background to understand the tectonic evolution of the South China Block (SCB). However, certain fundamental questions mentioned above remain unsolved and/or are in hot debate. In order to make progress in these scientific issues, we have carried out in a multi-disciplinary study in the Late Mesozoic Qingyang-Jiuhua massif, Hengshan massif and Fujian coastal zone according to their distance with respect to the paleo subduction zone of the Paleo-Pacific plate, the ages of granitic massifs and related tectonics, including field observation on the structure geology, micro-observation on thin section, U-Pb dating on monazite, AMS, paleomagnetism, gravity modeling and P condition concern the granite emplacement. In the view of deformation in these granitic massifs and their country rocks, mode and influence of regional tectonics on the emplacement, though each studied zone reveals its distinguished characteristics, they show some intrinsic and common relationships between them. With our new results and integrating previous data, in this thesis, we discuss the tectonic context of emplacement of these Late Mesozoic magmatic massifs and the geodynamic evolution of the SCB., We propose a 3-step geodynamic model: (1) during 145-130 Ma period, the Paleo-Pacific plate subducted northwestwardly, the West Philippines micro-continent, approaching to SCB, important subduction-related arc volcanism was produced in the coastal areas of Southeast China coast (Zhejiang-Fujian-Guangdong), forming a back-arc extension tectonic system in SCB; (2) during 130-110 Ma period, due to the collision between the West Philippines microcontinent and SCB, the compressional tectonic structures were developed in the Changle-Na'ao coastal zone, producing ductile deformation zones. However, the inland of the eastern part of SCB was under a NW-SE extensional tectonic regime; (3) during 105-90 Ma period, a new subduction zone was developed in the SE flank of the West Philippines micro-continent, the subducting slab reached the Changle-Nan'ao tectonic belt, with the possible break-off of slab, the asthenospheric ascent was responsible for the important emplacement of plutonic massifs and dykes. The tectonics of the eastern part of SCB was characterized by a general extensional system in this period. This tectonic pattern has been significantly disturbed by the Oligocene-Eocene opening of the South China sea,and the Miocene shortening of the SCB margin in Taiwan. Of course, this model should be improved by more geological, geophysical and geochemical investigations.

Στην παρούσα Διπλωματική Εργασία μελετήθηκε το σύστημα αντίδρασης του βαναδίου, V, με τον υποκαταστάτη δι-2-πυρίδυλο κετόνη, (py)2CO. Πρόκειται για έναν εξαιρετικά δημοφιλή υποκαταστάτη τον οποίο πολλές ερευνητικές ομάδες, όπως και η δική μας, έχουν μελετήσει με πολλά μεταλλοϊόντα, εκτός του βαναδίου. Η χημεία της δι-2-πυρίδυλο κετόνης βασίζεται στο γεγονός ότι η καρβονυλική της ομάδα μπορεί να υποστεί προσβολή από διάφορα πυρηνόφιλα (π.χ.H2O, ROH) και να σχηματίσει την ημικεταλική ή/και τη 1, 1-διολική μορφές της. Η μελέτη αυτού του συστήματος οδήγησε στη σύνθεση και το χαρακτηρισμό συμπλόκων του βαναδίου σε διάφορες οξειδωτικές βαθμίδες. Χαρακτηριστικό παράδειγμα αποτελεί το μικτού σθένους εννεαπυρηνικό σύμπλοκο (Et3NH)2[VIIVV8O18{(py)2CO2}4]∙2MeCN, με τον υποκαταστάτη να βρίσκεται στην διπλά αποπρωτονιωμένη 1, 1-διολική μορφή του. Ακόμη από το γενικό σύστημα αντίδρασης απομονώθηκαν σύμπλοκα VIV2, VV2, VIV3, VV4, VV12 και VΙV2 VV8 με τον υποκαταστάτη να βρίσκεται σε διάφορες μορφές. Μελετήθηκαν οι μαγνητικές ιδιότητες των συμπλόκων του τετρασθενούς βαναδίου. Η συμμετοχή ωστόσο του μετάλλου και των ενώσεων του σε διάφορες βιολογικές διεργασίες, όπως στη ρύθμιση του μεταβολισμού, στα ενεργά κεντρά μεταλλοενζύμων καθώς και η ικανότητά του να ενισχύει τη δράση της ινσουλίνης, μας έδωσαν το ερέθισμα να μελετήσουμε συγκεκριμένα την αντικαρκινική συμπεριφορά επιλεγμένων συμπλόκων που παρασκευάσαμε σε διάφορες σειρές καρκινικών κυττάρων. / In the present Diploma Work we have studied reactions of vanadium, V, sources and di-2-pyridyl ketone, (py)2CO. This ligand is very popular and its reactions with several metal ions have been investigated by many groups, including our group. No V complexes of (py)2CO have been reported. The chemistry of di-2-pyridyl ketone is based on the fact that its carbonyl group can be attacked by various nucleophiles (e.g. π.χ.H2O, ROH) to give the hemiketal or/and 1,1-diol forms. The systematic investigation of the V/(py)2CO reaction system has led to the synthesis and characterization of V compounds with the metal in various oxidation states. A characteristic example is the mixed-valence, enneanuclear complex (Et3NH)2[VIIVV8O18{(py)2CO2}4]∙2MeCN, in which the ligand participates in the doubly deprotonated 1,1-diolate form. From this general reaction system, VIV2, VV2, VIV3, VV4, VV12 και VΙV2 VV8 species have also been isolated. The magnetic properties of the VΙV complexes have also been studied. The participation of V compounds in important biological processes gave us the stimulus to study the antiproliferative activity of selected complexes in various cancer cell lines.

Nous présentons une contribution expérimentale à l’étude des propriétés structurales et magnétiques de ferrites de gallium substituées par des terres rares. Ce travail s’inscrit dans la thématique plus générale des multiferroïques magnétoélectriques dont fait partie le composé Ga2-xFexO3 qui est ferrimagnétique et présente une polarisation spontanée à température ambiante. On s’intéresse à l’influence de la substitution d’atomes de gallium ou de fer par des éléments de terres rares (Sc, Yb, Er, Sm) sur les paramètres structuraux de Ga2-xFexO3 avec 0,9  x  1,2 et à l’effet de la substitution par Sc et Yb sur la température de transition magnétique et l’aimantation à saturation. On présente une étude expérimentale du magnétisme du composé Ga0.99Yb0.01FeO3, réalisée à partir de mesures de la susceptibilité alternative et de l’aimantation en fonction du champ magnétique, H, et de la température T. Un large domaine d’irréversibilité magnétique est observé dans le diagramme de phase H–T. Les résultats suggèrent que Ga0.99Yb0.01FeO3 constitue un verre de spin Heisenberg tridimensionnel. / We present an experimental contribution to the study of structural and magnetic properties for gallium ferrites substituted by rare earth elements. This work is part of the more general theme of magnetoelectric multiferroïc which includes the Ga2-xFexO3 compound ferrimagnetic and with a spontaneous polarization at room temperature. We study the influence of the substitution of gallium or iron atoms with rare earth elements (Sc, Yb, Er, Sm) on the structural parameters of Ga2-xFexO3 with 0.9  x  1.2 and the effect of the substitution by Sc and Yb on the magnetic transition temperature and the saturation magnetization. We present an experimental study of magnetism Ga0.99Yb0.01FeO3 compound, realized from alternative susceptibility and magnetization measurements as a function of magnetic field, H, and the temperature T. A wide irreversible magnetic area is observed in the phase diagram H–T. The results suggest that Ga0.99Yb0.01FeO3 is a three-dimensional Heisenberg spin glass.

Submitted by Biblioteca de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica BGQ (bgq@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-05-11T16:44:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CRUZ, A. P. S..pdf: 23384634 bytes, checksum: b417fd0517bbafbf4617a53288a634f4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-11T16:44:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CRUZ, A. P. S..pdf: 23384634 bytes, checksum: b417fd0517bbafbf4617a53288a634f4 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Instituto de Química. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geoquímica, Niterói, RJ / A análise conjugada das propriedades físicas dos se dimentos, como a velocidade da onda P, susceptibilidade magnética, porosidade e de nsidade gama, com propriedades geoquímicas como Carbono Orgânico Total e mineralog ia dos sedimentos proporciona uma melhor avaliação dos processos envolvidos, proveniê ncia e fluxo de material sedimentar, permitindo que as mudanças ambientais possam ser de finidas. Os parâmetros físicos além de serem capazes de quantificar a distribuição de espa ço entre os poros, indicam alterações pós- deposicionais. Dessa forma, este trabalho visa aval iar as inter-relações existentes entre parâmetros físicos de seções sedimentares para dete rminação da origem do fluxo de materiais ao longo da fácies de sedimentar depositado sobre a plataforma continental de Cabo Frio. Nesse sentido, pode-se notar que as variações de Vp estão ligadas ao tamanho do grão, assim como ao aumento no conteúdo orgânico e aumento no t eor de água nos sedimentos marinhos. Os valores de SM mostraram-se associados a assemblé ia mineralógica e ao teor de água dos testemunhos. Além disso, foi possível constatar que a valência dominante da razão Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ , foi o de Fe 3+ , que influenciou diretamente nos picos de SM. As p ropriedades físicas definiram seções nos diferentes box-core analisados, os quais o BCCF10-01, 04 e 09, apresentaram aumento de grãos finos, que pode estar relacionado a hidrodinâmica local, e/ou aumento de contribuição sedimentar alóctone entre 100 e 80 ano s AP. Além disso, a assembléia de minerais pesados indicou proveniência de rochas met amórficas derivadas de metassedimentos siliciclásticos, granitóides, rochas máficas e alca linas pertencentes a própria região de Cabo Frio e adjacências. Os maiores teores de minerais e ncontrados no BCCF10-01 e BCCF10-13, podem informar sobre a influência de correntes de f luxo oeste, proveniente da baía de Guanabara e de correntes de norte, provenientes dos rios São João e Paraíba do Sul como principais agentes de transporte dos particulados s edimentares e minerais para a fácies sedimentar de lama da plataforma de Cabo Frio. / The combined analysis of the physical properties of sediments, such as the P-wave velocity, magnetic susceptibility, porosity and gam ma-density, with geochemical properties such as Total Organic Carbon and mineralogy of sedi ments provides a better assessment of the processes involved, provenance and sedimentary material flow, allowing environmental changes can be defined. The physical parameters in addition to being able t o quantify the distribution of space between the pores also indica te pos-depositional changes. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the interrelations between p hysical parameters of sedimentary sections to determine the source of the material flow along the sedimentary faces deposited on the continental shelf of Cabo Frio. In this sense, it may be noted that variations in V p are clearly linked to the grain size, and an increase in organi c content and increased water content in marine sediments. The MS values were associated with the mineral asse mblage and water content of the cores. In addition, it determined th at the oxidation state of the dominant was Fe 3+ , which directly influenced the peaks of MS. Physical properties defined in the different sections analyzed box-core, which the BCCF10-01, 04 and 09, showed an increase of fine grains, which can be related to the local hydrodyna mic or increased allochthonous sediment contribution between 100 and 80 years BP. In addition, the heavy mineral assemblage indicated provenance of metamorphic rocks derived f rom siliciclastic metasediments, granitoids, mafic and alkaline rocks belonging to t he region of Cabo Frio and surrounding areas. The highest minerals content found in BCCF10-01 and BCCF10-13, can showed the influence of flow west currents, from the Guanabara Bay and currents of the north, from the São João and Paraiba do Sul rivers as the main carr iers of sedimentary particles and mineral from mud faces of the Cabo Frio Shelf.

L’étude des dépôts de tsunamis est une science relativement jeune, et si de nombreux progrès ont été faits, en particulier au cours des trois dernières décennies, les techniques disponibles à l’heure actuelle ne permettent pas l’étude exhaustive des dépôts, que ce soit à cause de problèmes de conservation, fréquemment rencontrés, ou de limites liées aux techniques analytiques elles-mêmes. En effet, leur résolution spatiale s’avère insuffisante pour les dépôts fins (fractions sableuses et inférieures), soit par leur principe même (absence de visualisation en trois dimensions sur des lames minces, par exemple), soit à cause des techniques d’échantillonnage dont elles dépendent. Ce travail a permis d’explorer les applications d’une technique analytique jusqu’à présent inutilisée dans ce domaine, la microtomographie par rayons X, appliquée à trois dépôts de tsunamis : les dépôts du tsunami de Lisbonne en 1755 sur les côtes Andalouses, ceux d’un tsunami causé en 1996 dans le Lac Karymskoye au Kamchatka, et un potentiel dépôt de tsunami datant de l’Holocène à Ninety Mile Beach, sur le littoral ouest de l’Australie. Les problématiques liées aux techniques d’échantillonnage et au traitement des données brutes et à leur exploitation sont passées en revue et les solutions retenues sont exposées. Les résultats obtenus sont comparés à ceux obtenus par l’utilisation de techniques analytiques dont la pertinence et l’utilité ont été démontrées lors de précédentes études. Cette technique se révèle extrêmement utile pour les analyses structurales (organisation interne des dépôts), texturales (distributions de tailles de grains, fabrique sédimentaire et dynamiques d’écoulements), ainsi que les analyses de composition (abondances en bioclastes et en minéraux lourds par exemple). Le croisement des études structurales et texturales du dépôt du tsunami de 1755 mettent en avant des dynamiques de mise en place allant parfois à l’encontre des scenarii généralement admis et offre un nouveau point de vue sur les dépôts de tsunami. / The study of tsunami deposits is a relatively young science, and even if substantial progress has been made (especially during the last three decades) the techniques available at present day do not allow exhaustive studies of the deposits, weither poor conservation of the deposits, which is a common problem, is to blame, or because of limitations of the techniques themselves. Their spatial resolution often appears to be insufficient for fine deposits (sand size fractions and finer) because of their working principle (lack of three dimensional visualisation of structures on thin sections for instance) or because of the sampling techniques they depend on. This work allowed exploring the applications of an analytic technique, X-ray computed microtomography, which had to this day never used before for the study of tsunami deposits. Three distinct case studies have been made: deposits from the 1755 Lisbon tsunami on the western coast of Spain (Andalusia), deposits from the 1996 tsunami triggered in Karymskoye Lake, and a potential mid-Holocene tsunami deposit at Ninety Mile Beach, western Australia. Problematic linked to sampling techniques and raw data processing and exploitation are addressed. Chosen solutions are exposed. The results are compared to those obtained using techniques whose relevance and usefulness have been proven in previous studies. This technique proves to be extremely useful for structural (deposits inner organisation), textural (grain size distribution, sedimentary fabrics and flow dynamics), and composition (bioclasts and heavy minerals abundances) analyses. Crossing structural and textural analysis of the 1755 Lisbon tsunami deposit unravels deposition modes which go against the usually admitted scenario and offers a new point of view on tsunami deposits.

The presented dissertation thesis analyses artefacts in diffusion-weighted images. In medical practice, the artefacts can impede the diagnostics of pathological tissues and, therefore, need to be eliminated. As the first step within the thesis, an analysis of the most frequent artefacts in diffusion-weighted images is performed, and the hitherto known approaches to artefact elimination are described. In order to facilitate the reduction of artefacts caused by the inhomogeneity of the static magnetic field and induced by eddy currents, a novel three-measurement method is shown. This technique will find application especially in measuring the diffusion coefficient of isotropic materials. At this point, it is important to note that a significant and commonly found problem is the magnetic susceptibility artefact; different magnetic susceptibility values at the boundary between two materials can cause magnetic field inhomogeneities and even complete loss of the signal. Therefore, we designed a novel method for the measurement of magnetic susceptibility in various samples of magnetically incompatible materials, which do not produce any MR signal. The technique was experimentally verified using a set of differently shaped diamagnetic and paramagnetic samples. In addition to the magnetic susceptibility problem, the thesis presents artefacts such as noise, motion-induced items, hardware limitations, chemical shift, and the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on the temperature. To enable precise measurement of the diffusion coefficient, we proposed a thermal system; in the experiment, it was determined that when the measurement error does not exceed 5%, the temperature change should not be higher than 0,1 °C. In the final sections of the thesis, practical application examples involving the designed methods are shown.

<p>Predmet&nbsp; istraživanja ove&nbsp; doktorske&nbsp; disertacije&nbsp; su srednje&nbsp; i&nbsp; gornje&nbsp; pleistocene&nbsp; lesno-paleozemlji&scaron;ne sekvence&nbsp; (LPS)&nbsp; u&nbsp; dolini&nbsp; Južne Morave&nbsp; na&nbsp; profilima&nbsp; ciglana&nbsp; u&nbsp; Stalaću i Belotincu.&nbsp; Ove&nbsp; LPC&nbsp; predstavljaju jedinstven&nbsp; kontinentalni&nbsp; arhiv&nbsp; paleoklimatskih&nbsp; i paleoekolo&scaron;kih promena&nbsp; tokom&nbsp; pleistocena&nbsp; u&nbsp; ovom&nbsp; delu&nbsp; Balkanskog&nbsp; poluostrva.&nbsp; Nakon detalʁnihterenskih istraživanjai uzorkovanja na pomenutim lesnim profilima, razmatrano je vi&scaron;e istraživačkihproblema.&nbsp; Izvr&scaron;eno&nbsp; jepedo- i lito-stratigrafsko opisivanje&nbsp; naoba profila.&nbsp; Na njima je&nbsp; zapaženo nekoliko&nbsp; metara&nbsp; moćnih glacijalnih&nbsp; lesnih&nbsp; horizonata&nbsp; i nekoliko&nbsp; interglacijalnih<br />pedokomleksa,&nbsp; koji&nbsp; se vizuelno&nbsp; jasno&nbsp; razlikuju.&nbsp; Izvr&scaron;ena&nbsp; je rekonstrukcija&nbsp; relʁefa na&nbsp; osnovu prostornih odnosa LPS. Ukupna deblʁinaanalizirananih LPS iznosi:&nbsp; u&nbsp; Stalaću&nbsp; približno20,5 m, gde&nbsp; je&nbsp; zapaženo po&nbsp; sedam&nbsp; pedokompleksa&nbsp; i&nbsp; lesnih&nbsp; horizonata,&nbsp; dok&nbsp; je&nbsp; deblʁina u&nbsp; Belotincu analiziranih LPS 8 m. Vrednosti magnetnog susceptibiliteta (MS)&nbsp; u&nbsp; Stalaćuukazuje da poreklo pra&scaron;kastog fluvijalnog materijala&nbsp; potiče&nbsp; izdva nezavisna izvora.&nbsp; Veće vrednosti&nbsp; MS prisutne&nbsp; su u materijalu koji&nbsp; potiče&nbsp; iz sliva Zapadne Morave. Dok manje vrednosti ukazuju da&nbsp; je poreklo materijala iz JužneMorave. U Belotincu manje vrednosti MS ukazuju da je poreklo materijala iz<br />sliva&nbsp; Južne Morave.&nbsp; Tumačenjem rezultata apsolutnog luminescentnog datiranja&nbsp; na oba profila ukazuju da&nbsp; su LPS nastajale tokom poslednjih ~ 350.000 godina u&nbsp; Stalaću i ~ 35.500 godina u Belotincu. Granulometrijski sastav LPS u Stalaću&nbsp; je&nbsp; sačinjen od pet različitih frakcija&nbsp; &lt; 2,0 &mu;m, 2,0-6,2&nbsp; &mu;m,&nbsp; 6,2-20,0&nbsp; &mu;m,&nbsp; 20,0-63,0&nbsp; &mu;mi&nbsp; &gt;63,0&nbsp; &mu;m.&nbsp; Dok,&nbsp; su u&nbsp; Belotincu&nbsp; najvi&scaron;e&nbsp; zastupljene krupne&nbsp; čestice od&nbsp; 51&nbsp; %&nbsp; do&nbsp; 66&nbsp; %&nbsp; i&nbsp; grube&nbsp; frakcije,&nbsp; koje&nbsp; ukazuju&nbsp; na&nbsp; neposrednu&nbsp; blizinu&nbsp; izvora porekla&nbsp; materijala.&nbsp; Boja&nbsp; LPS&nbsp; na&nbsp; profilima&nbsp; u&nbsp; Stalaću i&nbsp; Belotincu&nbsp; menja&nbsp; se i&nbsp; kovarira&nbsp; sa&nbsp; MS. Kolorimetrijski rezultati ukazuju, slično MS rezultatima, da lesni sedimenti potiču jednim delom iz&nbsp; Južne Morave,&nbsp; a&nbsp; drugim&nbsp; delom&nbsp; iz Zapadne&nbsp; Morave.&nbsp; Geohemijske&nbsp; analize&nbsp; ukazuju&nbsp; na dominantno&nbsp; silikatno&nbsp; raspadanje&nbsp; čestica,&nbsp; slično dunavskom&nbsp; lesu.&nbsp; Geohemijski&nbsp; sastav&nbsp; LPS Belotinc&nbsp; pokazuje&nbsp; da&nbsp; pedokompleks&nbsp; je&nbsp; obogaćen organskog&nbsp; ugljenika,&nbsp; dok&nbsp; su u&nbsp; lesnim slojevima&nbsp; primećene&nbsp; niže vrednosti&nbsp; organskog&nbsp; ugljenika.&nbsp; Generalno&nbsp; tumačenje svih&nbsp; rezultata ukazuje na dominantan mediteranski klimatski uticaj na LPS u srednjem pleistocenu, dok&nbsp; je u gornjem i mlađem pleistocenu bio dominantan uticaj kontinentalne klime.</p> / <p>The&nbsp; research&nbsp; subject&nbsp; of&nbsp; this&nbsp; dissertation&nbsp; are&nbsp; Middle&nbsp; and&nbsp; Upper&nbsp; Pleistocene&nbsp; loesspaleosol&nbsp; sequences&nbsp; (LPS)&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; South&nbsp; Morava&nbsp; valley,&nbsp; at&nbsp; brickyards&rsquo; profiles&nbsp; in&nbsp; Stalac&nbsp; and Belotinac. These LPS represent a unique continental record of paleoclimate and paleoecological changes during Pleistocene in this part of the Balkan Peninsula. After detailed terrain researches and&nbsp; samplings&nbsp; at&nbsp; the&nbsp; two&nbsp; loess&nbsp; profiles,&nbsp; several&nbsp; research&nbsp; problems&nbsp; were&nbsp; discussed.&nbsp; Pedostratigraphic and litho-stratigraphic descriptions were done for both profiles. There were found several&nbsp; meters&nbsp; of&nbsp; powerful&nbsp; glacial&nbsp; loess&nbsp; horizons&nbsp; and&nbsp; several&nbsp; interglacial&nbsp; pedocomplexes&nbsp; that were visually distinctive. A relief reconstruction was carried out based on spatial LPS ratios. The total&nbsp; thickness&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; analyzed&nbsp; LPS&nbsp; is:&nbsp; approximately&nbsp; 20.5&nbsp; m&nbsp; in&nbsp; Stalac,&nbsp; where&nbsp; seven pedocomplexes&nbsp; and&nbsp; seven&nbsp; horizons&nbsp; were&nbsp; observed,&nbsp; whereas&nbsp; thickness&nbsp; of&nbsp; analyzed&nbsp; LPS&nbsp; in Belotinac was 8 &nbsp; m. The magnetic susceptibility (MS) values in Stalacpoint at two independent sources of dusty fluvial materials. The higher MS values are observed in materials originating from the West Morava basin, while lower MS values indicate that materials originate from the South&nbsp; Morava&nbsp; basin.&nbsp; Interpretations&nbsp; of&nbsp; absolute&nbsp; luminescent&nbsp; dating&nbsp; results&nbsp; at&nbsp; both&nbsp; profiles indicate&nbsp; that&nbsp; the&nbsp; LPS&nbsp; were&nbsp; formed&nbsp; during&nbsp; last&nbsp; ~&nbsp; 350.000&nbsp; years&nbsp; in&nbsp; Stalac&nbsp; and&nbsp; ~&nbsp; 35.500&nbsp; in Belotinac. The LPS in Stalac is granulometrically consisted of five different fractions: &lt; 2.0 &mu;m, 2.0-6.2 &mu;m, 6.2-20.0&nbsp; &mu;m, 20.0-63.0&nbsp; &mu;mand &gt;63.0&nbsp; &mu;m. In Belotinac the most frequent particles are&nbsp; the&nbsp; large&nbsp; ones&nbsp; varying&nbsp; from&nbsp; 51%&nbsp; to&nbsp; 66%&nbsp; and&nbsp; rough&nbsp; fractions,&nbsp; which&nbsp; indicates&nbsp; that&nbsp; the material source was in its immediate proximity. The LPS colours both in Stalac and Belotinac covariate with the MS. Similarly to the MS results, the colorimetric results indicate that a part of the loess sediments originates from the South Morava, and the other part from the West Morava. Geochemical analyses point at a dominant silicate particle decomposition, which is similar to the Danube&nbsp; loess.&nbsp; Geochemical&nbsp; composition&nbsp; of&nbsp; BelotinacLPS&nbsp; shows&nbsp; an&nbsp; organic-carbon-enriched pedocomplex,&nbsp; while&nbsp; lower&nbsp; values&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; organic&nbsp; carbon&nbsp; are&nbsp; observed&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; loess&nbsp; layers.&nbsp; The general interpretation of the results points at dominant Mediterranean climate influence on the LPS&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; Middle&nbsp; Pleistocene,&nbsp; while&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; Upper&nbsp; and&nbsp; Younger&nbsp; Pleistocene&nbsp; a&nbsp; continental climate influence was dominant.</p>

<p>Лес у Војводини има највећу моћност и сматра се за најкомплетнији палеоклиматски архив у Европи. На основу кореалице између две најзначајније лесно-палеоземљишне секвенце, Старог Сланкамена и Тителског брега, створен је синтетички профил коришћен у овој студији. Истраживања Марковића и сарадника (2011) показала су да лесно-палеоземљишна секвенца у Старом Сланкамену има старост од око милион година. С друге стране, високе стопе седиментације и комплетност последњих пет глацијално-интерглацијалних циклуса на Тителском брегу чине овај локалитет најдетаљнијим палеоклиматским архивом у поменутом периоду, у овом делу Европе. Временска скала војвођанског леса формирана је тунирањем резултата магнетног сусцептибилитета према астрономским параметрима, нагибу Земљине осе ротације и прецесије. Овако добијена временска скала показује да је граница између нормалне епохе магнетног поларитета Бринес и епохе реверсног поларитета Метујама значајно старија. Ова граница утврђена је палеомагнетним мерењима у лесном хоризонту V L9. Добијени резултати стоје у доброј корелацији са резултатима палеомагнетних мерења (Marković et al., 2011). &quot;Lock in&quot; ефекат утврђен за војвођански лес знатно је већи у односу на онај у кинеским лесно-палеоземљишним секвенцама, због снажно развијеног коренског система чије постојање је уврђено у V S8 и које се протеже неколико метара у дубину све до лесног хоризонта V L9. Спектрална и вејвлет анализа временске скале војвођанског леса показују присуство орбиталних параметара: ексцентрицитета земљине орбите, промена нагиба Земљине осе ротације и прецесије. Доминантне су компоненте мањих фреквенција, ексцентрицитета, док су краћи орбитални периоди промена нагиба осе ротације и прецесије слабије изражени. Овакви резултати проистичу, пре свега из чињенице да синтетички профил има старост од око милион година и да се само доњи, старији део секвенце може посматрати као део такозваног 41 ky, када доминира фреквенција промена нагиба осе ротације. Вејвлет анализа временског модела показује присуство Средње плеистоцене транзиције, што указује да обитални утицај ексцентрицитета постаје доминантан пре око 650 ky. Резултати стоје у доброј корелацији са секвенцама са Кинеског лесног платоа (Sun et al., 2006)и из Централне Азије(Ding et al., 2002), али такође и са дубокоморским седиментима (Shackleton, 1990). Захваљујући комплетности и старости лесно-палеоземљишне секвенце, омогућено је истраживање палеоклиматске еволуције и утицај орбиталних параметара на палеоклиматске прилике у овом делу Европе. Секвенца се може посматрати и као спојница између западноевропских и азијских лесних профила, значајна за изучавање континенталне и глобалне палеоклиматске еволуције.</p> / <p>Les u Vojvodini ima najveću moćnost i smatra se za najkompletniji paleoklimatski arhiv u Evropi. Na osnovu korealice između dve najznačajnije lesno-paleozemljišne sekvence, Starog Slankamena i Titelskog brega, stvoren je sintetički profil korišćen u ovoj studiji. Istraživanja Markovića i saradnika (2011) pokazala su da lesno-paleozemljišna sekvenca u Starom Slankamenu ima starost od oko milion godina. S druge strane, visoke stope sedimentacije i kompletnost poslednjih pet glacijalno-interglacijalnih ciklusa na Titelskom bregu čine ovaj lokalitet najdetaljnijim paleoklimatskim arhivom u pomenutom periodu, u ovom delu Evrope. Vremenska skala vojvođanskog lesa formirana je tuniranjem rezultata magnetnog susceptibiliteta prema astronomskim parametrima, nagibu Zemljine ose rotacije i precesije. Ovako dobijena vremenska skala pokazuje da je granica između normalne epohe magnetnog polariteta Brines i epohe reversnog polariteta Metujama značajno starija. Ova granica utvrđena je paleomagnetnim merenjima u lesnom horizontu V L9. Dobijeni rezultati stoje u dobroj korelaciji sa rezultatima paleomagnetnih merenja (Marković et al., 2011). &quot;Lock in&quot; efekat utvrđen za vojvođanski les znatno je veći u odnosu na onaj u kineskim lesno-paleozemljišnim sekvencama, zbog snažno razvijenog korenskog sistema čije postojanje je uvrđeno u V S8 i koje se proteže nekoliko metara u dubinu sve do lesnog horizonta V L9. Spektralna i vejvlet analiza vremenske skale vojvođanskog lesa pokazuju prisustvo orbitalnih parametara: ekscentriciteta zemljine orbite, promena nagiba Zemljine ose rotacije i precesije. Dominantne su komponente manjih frekvencija, ekscentriciteta, dok su kraći orbitalni periodi promena nagiba ose rotacije i precesije slabije izraženi. Ovakvi rezultati proističu, pre svega iz činjenice da sintetički profil ima starost od oko milion godina i da se samo donji, stariji deo sekvence može posmatrati kao deo takozvanog 41 ky, kada dominira frekvencija promena nagiba ose rotacije. Vejvlet analiza vremenskog modela pokazuje prisustvo Srednje pleistocene tranzicije, što ukazuje da obitalni uticaj ekscentriciteta postaje dominantan pre oko 650 ky. Rezultati stoje u dobroj korelaciji sa sekvencama sa Kineskog lesnog platoa (Sun et al., 2006)i iz Centralne Azije(Ding et al., 2002), ali takođe i sa dubokomorskim sedimentima (Shackleton, 1990). Zahvaljujući kompletnosti i starosti lesno-paleozemljišne sekvence, omogućeno je istraživanje paleoklimatske evolucije i uticaj orbitalnih parametara na paleoklimatske prilike u ovom delu Evrope. Sekvenca se može posmatrati i kao spojnica između zapadnoevropskih i azijskih lesnih profila, značajna za izučavanje kontinentalne i globalne paleoklimatske evolucije.</p> / <p>Loess in Vojvodinaregion (Northern Serbia) is some of the thickest and most complete in Europe. Synthetic profile was developed based on the interprofile correlation between the two most important loess paleosol sequences, Stari Slankamen and Titel Loess Plateau. Recent study (Marković et al., 2011) showed that loess at Stari Slankamen site spans the last million years. On the other hand, high accumulation rates and the completeness of the last five glacial cycles recorded at Titel Loess Plateau preserve detailed climate proxy archive. Magnetic susceptibility record was tuned to orbital obliquity and precession, thus yielding an improved astronomical time scale for the synthetic loess-paleosol sequence. The time scale indicates much older age for the Bruhnes Matuyama boundary, recorded in loess unit V-L9, whish is in good agreement with the recent results obtained during paleomagnetic measurements (Marković et al., 2011). The lock in effect is much grater than in Chinese loess sequences, due to the strong root channels, which penetrate several meters down through V S8 into V-L9 and probably influence the magnetic properties of the sediments. Spectral and wavelet analysis of tuned magnetic susceptibility record reveal the presence of typical orbital frequencies, corresponding to eccentricity, obliquity and precession. Eccentricity frequencies of solar irradiance are dominant, while relatively short time frame of the investigated profile, since the lower part of sequence can be assigned to the so called 41 ky world. Wavelet analysis reveals the presence of Mid Pleistocene Transition, indicating that the eccentricity parameter becomes dominant from 650 ky. The results are in good agreement with sequences from Chinese Loess Plateau (Sun et al., 2006) and Central Asia (Ding et al., 2002) but also with deep sea sediments (Schackleton, 1990). Spectral and wavlet analysis of tuned magnetic susceptibility record reveal the presence of typical orbital frequencies, corresponding to eccentricity, obliquity and precession. Eccentricity frequencies of solar irradiance are dominant, while relatively short time orbital cycles of obliquity and precession are week. This can be attributed to the time frame of the investigated profile, since the lower part of the sequence can be assigned to the so called 41 ky world.Wavlet analysis reveals the presence of Mid Pleistocene Transition, indicating that the eccentricity parameter becomes dominant from 650 ky. The results are in good agreement with sequences from Chinese Loess Plateau (Sun et al., 2006) and Central Asia (Ding et al., 2002) but also with deep sea sediments (Shackleton, 1990). Due to the completeness and the time frame of studied loess paleosol sequence, the site provides an opportunity for investigating the evolution and climate dynamics in this part of europe. The syntjetic profile can be seen as rare paleoclimate archive that enables the reconstruction of orbital influences over Pannonian Basin and can be seen as link between west European sequences and Asian loess.</p>