The purpose of this study was to describe the investigation of the Mica shipwreck. The objectives of the investigation, as identified by nautical archaeologists from the United States Minerals Management Service and the Nautical Archaeology Program at Texas A&M University, include determining the extent and limits of the wreck site, acquisition of diagnostic artifacts to identify the temporal period of the shipwreck and its mission at the time of loss, to identify the type of ship and its country of origin, and quantify the relationship between the vessel's construction and function. The manuscript contains a thorough analysis of the equipment and approach used by archaeologists during the excavation. The manuscript also briefly explores the use of metallic ship sheathing during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, focusing specifically on the pure copper sheathing found on the Mica wreck. Sheathing from numerous contemporary vessels will be analyzed and compared to the Mica shipwreck sheathing.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:40:43Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 machado_mrf_dr_jabo.pdf: 654283 bytes, checksum: 42d2b7787949eced9fba27ca7e496f5b (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Os recursos pesqueiros marinhos representam uma importante fonte de proteína e, além de alimento, é fonte de renda para milhares de pessoas, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Muitos estoques pesqueiros naturais já se encontram em seu limite máximo de exploração, devido a isso houve um aumento considerável da produção de pescado pela aquicultura nos últimos anos. As maiores deficiências tecnológicas ainda residem no cultivo de peixes marinhos, que vem sendo um dos principais entraves à produção, área em que o país ainda está em fase embrionária. Dentre as espécies marinhas mais estudadas no Brasil destacamos o gênero Centropomus (robalo) que possui uma dificuldade do manejo de reprodutores em cativeiro e dificuldades em formular a ração para esses peixes, dificultando dessa forma a sua produção. Porém faltam estudos na área de morfologia, fisiologia e nutrição para as espécies marinhas. Dessa forma, foi realizado o presente trabalho com o objetivo de identificar os principais componentes alimentares de jovens de robalo peva (Centropomus parallelus) e robalo flexa (Centropomus undecimalis) por análises histológicas e histoquímicas do sistema digestório, determinação de isótopos estáveis e verificar, por meio de proteômica, quais as proteínas presentes no fígado são expressas na alteração da dieta desses peixes. Esse estudo pretende fornecer subsídios para o desenvolvimento de um pacote tecnológico para o cultivo de ambas as espécies, contribuindo na otimização da nutrição e gerando alternativas para tornar a piscicultura marinha uma atividade produtiva no país / The marine fishery resources represent an important source of protein and, besides food, is a source of income for thousands of people, especially in developing countries. Many natural fish stocks are already at their limit of exploitation because of this there was a considerable increase in fish production through aquaculture in recent years. The major technological deficiencies still reside in the cultivation of marine fish, which has been a major constraint to production, the area where the country is still in its infancy. Among the most studied marine species in Brazil include the genus Centropomus (bass) that has a difficulty in handling of captive broodstock and difficulties in formulating the ration for these fishes, thus hindering their production. But lacks studies on morphology, physiology and nutrition for marine species. Thus, the present work was undertaken with the aim of identifying the major dietary constituents of young fat snook (Centropomus parallelus) and bass arrow (Centropomus undecimalis) by histological and histochemical digestive system, determination of stable isotopes and verify by using proteomics, which proteins are expressed in liver in changing the diet of these fish. This study aims to provide subsidies for the development of a technology package for cultivation of both species, contributing to the optimization of nutrition and generating alternatives to marine fish farming to become a productive activity in the country

Resumo: Os recursos pesqueiros marinhos representam uma importante fonte de proteína e, além de alimento, é fonte de renda para milhares de pessoas, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Muitos estoques pesqueiros naturais já se encontram em seu limite máximo de exploração, devido a isso houve um aumento considerável da produção de pescado pela aquicultura nos últimos anos. As maiores deficiências tecnológicas ainda residem no cultivo de peixes marinhos, que vem sendo um dos principais entraves à produção, área em que o país ainda está em fase embrionária. Dentre as espécies marinhas mais estudadas no Brasil destacamos o gênero Centropomus (robalo) que possui uma dificuldade do manejo de reprodutores em cativeiro e dificuldades em formular a ração para esses peixes, dificultando dessa forma a sua produção. Porém faltam estudos na área de morfologia, fisiologia e nutrição para as espécies marinhas. Dessa forma, foi realizado o presente trabalho com o objetivo de identificar os principais componentes alimentares de jovens de robalo peva (Centropomus parallelus) e robalo flexa (Centropomus undecimalis) por análises histológicas e histoquímicas do sistema digestório, determinação de isótopos estáveis e verificar, por meio de proteômica, quais as proteínas presentes no fígado são expressas na alteração da dieta desses peixes. Esse estudo pretende fornecer subsídios para o desenvolvimento de um pacote tecnológico para o cultivo de ambas as espécies, contribuindo na otimização da nutrição e gerando alternativas para tornar a piscicultura marinha uma atividade produtiva no país / Abstract: The marine fishery resources represent an important source of protein and, besides food, is a source of income for thousands of people, especially in developing countries. Many natural fish stocks are already at their limit of exploitation because of this there was a considerable increase in fish production through aquaculture in recent years. The major technological deficiencies still reside in the cultivation of marine fish, which has been a major constraint to production, the area where the country is still in its infancy. Among the most studied marine species in Brazil include the genus Centropomus (bass) that has a difficulty in handling of captive broodstock and difficulties in formulating the ration for these fishes, thus hindering their production. But lacks studies on morphology, physiology and nutrition for marine species. Thus, the present work was undertaken with the aim of identifying the major dietary constituents of young fat snook (Centropomus parallelus) and bass arrow (Centropomus undecimalis) by histological and histochemical digestive system, determination of stable isotopes and verify by using proteomics, which proteins are expressed in liver in changing the diet of these fish. This study aims to provide subsidies for the development of a technology package for cultivation of both species, contributing to the optimization of nutrition and generating alternatives to marine fish farming to become a productive activity in the country / Orientador: Roberto Goitein / Coorientador: Alexandre de Azevedo / Banca: Rosangela Kiyoko Jomori Bonichelli / Banca: Leonardo Gomes da Silva / Banca: Helton Carlos Delicio / Banca: Antonio Fernando Gervásio Leonardo / Doutor

A novel video observational method for the space-time stereoscopic reconstruction of dynamic surfaces representable as graphs, such as ocean waves, is developed. Variational optimization algorithms combining image processing, computer vision and partial differential equations are designed to address the problem of the recovery of the shape of an object's surface from sequences of synchronized multi-view images. Several theoretical and numerical paths are discussed to solve the problem. The variational stereo method developed in this thesis has several advantages over existing 3-D reconstruction algorithms. Our method follows a top-down approach or object-centered philosophy in which an explicit model of the target object in the scene is devised and then related to image measurements. The key advantages of our method are the coherence (smoothness) of the reconstructed surface caused by a coherent object-centered design, the robustness to noise due to a generative model of the observed images, the ability to handle surfaces with smooth textures where other methods typically fail to provide a solution, and the higher resolution achieved due to a suitable graph representation of the object's surface. The method provides competitive results with respect to existing variational reconstruction algorithms. However, our method is based upon a simplified but complete physical model of the scene that allows the reconstruction process to include physical properties of the object's surface that are otherwise difficult to take into account with existing reconstruction algorithms. Some initial steps are taken toward incorporating the physics of ocean waves in the stereo reconstruction process. The developed method is applied to empirical data of ocean waves collected at an off-shore oceanographic platform located off the coast of Crimea, Ukraine. An empirically-based physical model founded upon current ocean engineering standards is used to validate the results. Our findings suggest that this remote sensing observational method has a broad impact on off-shore engineering to enrich the understanding of sea states, enabling improved design of off-shore structures. The exploration of ways to incorporate dynamical properties, such as the wave equation, in the reconstruction process is discussed for future research.

On March 13th, 2006, the Division of Electricity at Uppsala University deployed its first wave energy converter, L1, in the ocean southwest of Lysekil. L1 consisted of a buoy at the surface, connected through a line to a linear generator on the seabed. Since the deployment, continuous investigations of how L1 works in the waves have been conducted, and several additional wave energy converters have been deployed. This thesis is based on ten publications, which focus on different aspects of the interaction between wave, buoy, and generator. In order to evaluate different measurement systems, the motion of the buoy was measured optically and using accelerometers, and compared to measurements of the motion of the movable part of the generator - the translator. These measurements were found to correlate well. Simulations of buoy and translator motion were found to match the measured values. The variation of performance of L1 with changing water levels, wave heights, and spectral shapes was also investigated. Performance is here defined as the ratio of absorbed power to incoming power. It was found that the performance decreases for large wave heights. This is in accordance with the theoretical predictions, since the area for which the stator and the translator overlap decreases for large translator motions. Shifting water levels were predicted to have the same effect, but this could not be seen as clearly. The width of the wave energy spectrum has been proposed by some as a factor that also affects the performance of a wave energy converter, for a set wave height and period. Therefore the relation between performance and several different parameters for spectral width was investigated. It was found that some of the parameters were in fact correlated to performance, but that the correlation was not very strong. As a background on ocean measurements in wave energy, a thorough literature review was conducted. It turns out that the Lysekil project is one of quite few projects that have published descriptions of on-site wave energy measurements.

A shift towards electric and hybrid propulsion within the marine sector create new challenges for conventional water jet units manoeuvred by hydraulic systems. The high efficiency in high speed water jet crafts benefit from being powered by electricity but will be compromised by constantly running hydraulic pumps, draining available electric capacity on-board. Wear and tear on hydraulic components are also an environmental contamination hazard, due to high pressure oil and exposed cylinder rods. However, conventional hydraulic power packs with subsystems to manoeuvre water jet unit is a well proven and reliable marine application.Steer-by-wire is not an uncommon subject, as it is frequently used in several industries such as aviation, automotive and offshore. The purpose of the study is to prepare a concept design proposal with CAD-models and drawings of electrically powered manoeuvring system for Marine Jet Powers DRB 750 steering units. The study did a literature study on the topic and qualitative research to fulfil the purpose. A generic product and concept development is conducted and computer aided design is done to present proposed prototype design.Results from the research gave 4 commercially available electrical actuators, all with significantly different functionality from each other resulting in 4 different concepts and thereof 1 prototype proposal integrated in the waterjet unit according to DNV standards.The selected concept in the study will need some further manufacturing configuration and optimisation for a full installation and working prototype. / Ett skifte mot elektisk och hybriddrift inom marina fartyg och framdrivningssystem skapar nya utmaningar och möjligheter, även så för höghastighetsfartyg där vattenjet har en fördel i sin karaktäristiska höga effektivitet. Idag manövreras vattenjetsaggregat med hjälp av hydraulik, som många gånger drivs med framdrivningsmaskineriet och/eller med en elektisk pump. Dessa system blir en energitjuv i en elektrisk eller hybridlösning för framdrivningen och så saknar det en naturlig lösning på hur en hydraulisk pump ska drivas. Slitage och skador på hydrauliska system kan även leda till miljöfarliga utsläpp av hydraulolja. Framför allt då det handlar om höga hydrauliska tryck och bland annat kolvstänger som är utsatta för påfrestningar från fartygens yttre miljö. Dock är hydrauliska system väl beprövade och pålitliga i marina miljöer.Styrning med hjälp av elkraft är inget som är nytt, även kallat Steer-by-wire, det har gjorts och används inom många områden så som flygplans-, bil- och offshoreindustrin. Syftet med studien är att skapa ett prototypförslag för elektisk manövrering av Marine Jet Powers vattenjetaggregat DRB 750. För att uppnå detta har en litteraturstudie genomförts och kvalitativ forskning för att samla information och få förståelse för ämnet. En generisk product- och konceptutveckling har använts med hjälp av datorstödd konstruktion för att presentera ett prototypförslag.Det har resulterat i 4 koncept med integrerade lösningar från olika tillverkare, som alla skiljer från varandra i funktionalitet och skulle kunna användas på ett sätt för att uppnå målet. Varav ett koncept som valdes, det vidareutvecklades till ett prototypförslag med skruvförband i vattenjetaggregatet och som även sågs till att uppfylla DNV:s standarder och regler. Det valda konceptet behöver vidare utveckling, integrering och optimering för att kunna installeras och testas i fungerande prototyp.