[pt] A interligação de mini ou micro-sistemas, seja através de processamento distribuído ou rede, torna-se nos dias atuais muito vantajosa em termos desempenho/custo, quando comparado a sistemas centralizados e via de regra com computadores de grande porte. Este trabalho apresenta um sistema de interligação série orientado para microcomputadores, com controle de barra de comunicação descentralizado. Apresenta como atrativos o baixo custo do hardware necessário à colocação de uma nova estação na rede, o protocolo simples e versátil, modular, e com a possibilidade de colocação de um número ilimitado de estações inteligentes. O seu desempenho pode ser considerado adequado quando utilizado em um ambiente onde não haja excessiva assiduidade à rede; laboratórios universitários e de pesquisa, assim como diversos tipos de controle industrial são bons exemplos. / [en] Mini or micro-systems interconnection, implemented through distributed processing or network, is nowadays more attractive viewed Performance / Cost than main frame centralized huge computers. This work shows a serial network system mainly for usage with microcomputer stations, with descentralized bus control. Main characteristics are low hardware cost to append a new station to the bus, simple protocol, modular design, and ability to support an unlimited number of systems on line. Its performance can be considered adequate when used in environments free from excess of requests to the network bus. University research laboratories, besides several kinds of industrial control applications, may be considered good examples.

This study has the objective of investigating the performance of adults and seniors in terms of working memory skills and at the Mini-Exam of Mental State, verifying how these skills relate to each other, to the age and to the scholarship level. The sample was composed by 34 people, with ages among 37 and 83 years-old, Brazilians, Portuguese speakers, literate and without any evident and referred neurological and/or cognitive alterations and it was shared into four groups according to the age group. The adults and seniors performance at the working memory assessments was checked through the repetition of non-words task to assess specifically the phonological memory and the repetition of a sequence of digits to assess the central executive and the phonological memory, according to Baddeley and Hitch s proposal (1974 apud GATHERCOLE & BADDELEY, 1993). The Mini-Mental State Examination, Folstein and McHugh s proposal (1975), was used to assess the orientation, immediate memory, attention, calculation, mandate, language, reading and constructive praxis. In order to analyze the co-relation among the evaluations it was used the non parametric test, the Sperarman s Correlation Coefficient, from which it was identified: 1) the younger people had a better performance at the three tasks applied when compared with the older ones; 2) there was a significant correlation between the repetition of non-words and repetition of a sequence of digits tasks; 3) the Mini-Mental State Examination has a small correlation with the memory working tasks; 4) it was observed significant correlation of age and scholarship with the tasks of repetition of non-word, repetition of a sequence of digit and Mini-Mental State Examination. Comparing the four groups, it was verified that the rightness average at the three assessmests diminished as much as the age group increased. It was observed that the rightness averages at the working memory and Mini- Mental State Examination tasks increased according to the scholarship level. It concluded that older people with low scholarship level, considered as a group not individually, present smaller performance at the working memory and Mini-Mental State Examination tasks than younger people and with higher scholarship level / Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar o desempenho de adultos e idosos em habilidades de memória de trabalho e no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental, verificando como estas habilidades relacionam-se entre si, com a faixa etária e com o nível de escolaridade. A amostra foi formada por 34 sujeitos, com idades entre 37 e 83 anos, brasileiros, falantes do português, alfabetizados e sem alterações neurológicas e/ou cognitivas evidentes e referidas, e foi dividida em quatro grupos conforme a faixa etária. O desempenho dos adultos e idosos nas avaliações de memória de trabalho foi verificado através da tarefa de repetição de não-palavras para avaliar especificamente a memória fonológica, e da tarefa de repetição de seqüência de dígitos para avaliar o executivo central e a memória fonológica, segundo a proposta de Baddeley & Hitch (1974 apud GATHERCOLE & BADDELEY, 1993). O Mini-Exame do Estado Mental, proposto por Folstein & McHugh (1975), foi utilizado para avaliar orientação, memória imediata, atenção, cálculo, evocação, linguagem, leitura e praxia construtiva. Para analisar a correlação entre as medidas foi utilizado o teste não-paramétrico Coeficiente de Correlação de Spearman, através dos quais verificou-se que: 1) os sujeitos mais jovens desempenharam melhor as três tarefas aplicadas quando comparados com os sujeitos mais velhos; 2) houve correlação significativa entre as tarefas de repetição de não-palavras e repetição de seqüência de dígitos; 3) o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental apresentou fraca correlação com as tarefas de memória de trabalho; 4) houve correlação significativa entre idade e escolaridade com as tarefas de repetição de nãopalavras, repetição de seqüência de dígitos e com o Mini-Exame do Estado Mental. Na comparação entre os quatro grupos, verificou-se que as médias de acertos nas três avaliações aplicadas diminuíram conforme a faixa etária aumentou. Comparando-se as médias de acertos nas tarefas de memória de trabalho e no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental de acordo com o grau de escolaridade, observou-se que as médias nas tarefas analisadas aumentaram em função do grau de escolaridade. Concluiu-se que sujeitos mais velhos e com baixa escolaridade, quando considerados como um grupo e não individualmente, apresentam desempenho inferior nas tarefas de memória de trabalho e no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental do que os sujeitos mais jovens e com níveis mais altos de escolaridade

L’imagerie de fluorescence est une technique d’imagerie médicale permettant de visualiser l’émission d’un traceur, ou fluorophore, à l’aide d’une excitation de type Laser ou LED. Les domaines d’application de la technologie sont la chirurgie oncologique, la chirurgie reconstructive ou encore la chirurgie cardiaque. Bien que les besoins en chirurgie ouverte soient importants, l’évolution des pratiques tend à démocratiser la chirurgie dite minimalement invasive. La chirurgie endoscopique va dans ce sens, le but étant de limiter les traumatismes opératoires rencontrés en chirurgie ouverte. Parmi les avantages de cette techniques on note une diminution des saignements et de la douleur, ou encore une réduction de la durée d’hospitalisation.Lors d’une intervention de type chirurgie ouverte, le praticien peur se contenter de la seuls information de fluorescence fournie par le système d’imagerie. Cependant, tout l’enjeu de l’imagerie de fluorescence pour la chirurgie mini-invasive est de venir greffer ne information relative au fluorophore sur une image couleur de très bonne qualité, essentielle au chirurgien. Pour une première évaluation, un système deux caméras a été réalisé. Un capteur est dédié à l’acquisition de l’image couleur et un autre à l’information de fluorescence. Cependant, notamment pour conserver pour conserver un système compact et proposer la meilleure ergonomie possible au chirurgien, l’endoscope final ne devra comporter qu’un seul imageur. Le principe de base est d’utiliser des impulsions de lumière d’excitation et de lumière blanche afin de séquentiellement acquérir les données de fluorescence et les images couleur. Il convient ensuite de traiter les informations recueillies pour reconstruire l’image désirée en temps réel. / Fluorescence image-guided surgery is a medical imaging modality which allows the surgeon to visualize a fluorescent probe previously injected to the patient. The probe could be specific or not and the technology is useful in a wide range of application from oncologic procedures to reconstructive surgeries or cardiac procedures. Despite the important needs of this technology in open-procedures, the surgery in general is more and more minimally invasive. The goal of mini-invasive surgery is to limit patient's per and post operation trauma. The advantages of the technique are a decrease of bleeding and pain and a decreasing hospitalization time.During an open surgery, the B&W fluorescence information given by the fluorescence image-guided surgery system is enough for the surgeon. For mini-invasive procedures, the in-game is to overlay the fluorescence information to high quality color image, compulsory for the surgeon to perform his procedure. As a first evaluation, a 2-sensors system has been rapidly developed. One sensor is dedicated to the acquisition of the color image and the other to the fluorescence information. In order to make the system more compact and improve the quality of the color image furnished to the surgeon, the final system should be composed of only one sensor. To create the color image and collect the fluorescence information with one sensor, the technique involved pulsed white light and excitation light in a sequential acquisition mode. The two information are combined and a real-time color plus fluorescence video is displayed to the surgeon.

Les gènes IMA (Inhibitor of Meristem Activity) et MIF2 (MIni zinc Finger 2) codent des protéines de la famille des « MIni zinc Finger » impliquées dans le développement et la réponse hormonale. Leur fonction est intimement liée à leur capacité d’interaction avec des protéines partenaires au travers de leur unique domaine, un doigt de zinc non-canonique. La génération et la caractérisation de plantes gain- et perte-de-fonction pour ces gènes chez Solanum lycopersicum et Arabidopsis thaliana nous a permis de mettre en évidence leur homologie fonctionnelle dans le mécanisme d’arrêt de la prolifération des cellules souches méristématiques : la terminaison florale. Au cours du développement floral précoce, leur expression est induite par le facteur de transcription à MADS-BOX AGAMOUS. Les protéines codées sont capables d’intéragir avec le facteur de transcription à doigt de zinc C2H2 KNUCKLES (KNU) et de recruter le co-facteur TOPLESS (TPL) ainsi que l’HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 (HDA19) pour former un complexe multimérique impliqué dans le remodelage de la chromatine. Ce complexe intervient ensuite afin de réprimer l’expression du régulateur majeur de la prolifération des cellules souches méristématiques WUSCHEL. Les travaux qui ont suivi ont permis de montrer qu’au-delà de leur intervention dans ce processus, les protéines IMA et MIF2 sont impliquées d’une manière plus générale dans le développement floral et l’organogenèse. Leur fonction de protéine adaptatrice est sans doute permise par le désordre intrinsèque qui les caractérise et qui leur permettrait une spécificité d’interaction avec divers partenaires protéiques. / IMA (Inhibitor of Meristem Activity) and MIF2 (MIni zinc Finger 2) are two members of the MIni zinc Finger family (MIF) involved in the regulation of floral development and hormonal signaling pathways. Their ability to control physiological events is linked to their unique domain, a non canonical zinc finger, which confers to MIF the capacity to interact with other proteins. The characterization of gain- and loss-of-function lines for these genes in Solanum lycopersicum and Arabidopsis thaliana allowed us to unravel their functional homology in the termination of floral stem cell maintenance. During early floral development, IMA and MIF2 gene expression is induced by the MADS-Box transcription factor AGAMOUS. Then, IMA and MIF2 proteins recruit the C2H2 zinc finger KNUCKLES (KNU), in a transcriptional repressor complex together with TOPLESS (TPL) and HISTONE DEACETYLASE19 (HDA19). This complex binds to the WUSCHEL (WUS) locus leading to WUS repression via a chromatin deacetylation mechanism. Further work allowed us to demonstrate that IMA and MIF2 play a wider role in floral development and organogenesis. Their function as adaptor protein is probably linked to their intrinsic disorder leading to structural flexibility and interaction specificity with a large range of partners.

Food industry occupies a prominent place in branch of process engineering. From design process equipment point of view, great emphasis is placed on hygienic requirements, accuracy, reliability and above all safety. The diploma thesis is focused on comprihensive design of milk heating technology for cheese production with high-temperature curd. The diploma thesis describes technological and constructional design of technology. The diploma thesis also contains basic design of measurement and regulation.

Contents of the thesis is to design and create an expansion board for the BeagleBoard computer one plate . The first and very important part was to find out all the possibilities for an extension of the computer itself . Choose the right expansion port . To study the possibility distribution of individual pins . Followed by the appropriate extension election districts that demonstrate the function of each enlargement . Test was designed PCB that contains circuits that change the voltage level of the BeagleBoard to protect a mini computer to the testing of each gusset periphery prevent damage to itself or part of the BeagleBoard . The peripherals themselves bind different parts of theoretical introduction. More specifically the extension of the LCD display is selected segment and includes two lines of 16 characters . When the possibility to add additional components were necessary to deal with the shortcomings of the output pins , this problem was solved by using an expander . He extends itself BeagleBoard by another 16 pins . On these pins are connected together on the LCD matrix keyboard . The creation of the board are two circuit temperature sensors , but have a different type of communication using I2C and one second using 1 -Wire bus . The board also contains various other bus outputs , for example, UART bus. It also contains an output pin which can be controlled PWM modulation . The remaining pins are versatile GPIO pins which can be programmed to define a function using the Linux operating system . The result is a final board of the package control programs which make it possible to verify the individual peripherals.

The aim of this study is to examine whether mini whiteboards can counteract the culture of silence that prevails in some classrooms. The focus is on seeing if the use of the mathematics didactic tool, mini whiteboard, can be used as part of activating the students to participate and contribute to a more dialogic teaching. The results are analyzed from the sociocultural perspective with a focus on mediating tools, dialogue and interaction. The results of this study show that teachers use the mini whiteboard in different ways. One method is to let students work in pairs to discuss issues together. Another method is to create a classroom where the students learn from each other. Teachers experience the mini whiteboard in different ways. They believe that it can contribute to learning but have a shared meaning. In a way, it can be used to create more dialogue and thus develop learning. Another technique is to use the tool to make the pupils more confident, which in a way develops learning. The results show an increased participation in the classes. Most students agree that the mini whiteboard is a positive tool that helps them to show their knowledge without feeling pressured. The students appreciate that the whiteboard contributes to them receiving direct feedback and can thus feel safe in further discussions.

No description available.

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether or not significant correlations could be obtained between raw scores on fifty-three scales of the Mini-Mult Prison Questionnaire (MMPQ), a personality test, and nine selected behavior variables for a group of thirty-two institutionalized male delinquents. A correlation matrix using Pearson's r revealed that seven MMPQ scales correlated at the p = .05 level of significance with the behavior criteria. Thus, four of the five hypotheses formulated were supported. However, caution was emphasized in interpreting the results due to sample size, sample homogeneity, and the dissimilarity of the adolescent sample from the adult prison population on which the MMPQ was developed.

Cette thèse se compose de deux parties. Dans la partie I, nous avons comparé les différences entre les polymérisations en macro- et mini- émulsion. Nous avons établi un modèle de polymérisation en macro-émulsion. Ce modèle peut prédire la distribution de la taille de la chaîne radicalaire pour une classe donnée de tailles des particules. Par comparaison, nous avons établi un modèle de polymérisation en mini-émulsion. Ce modèle peut fournir la distribution des tailles des particules et l'évolution des tailles des gouttelettes. Dans la partie II, afin d'améliorer les propriétés du PP, deux types de monomères ont été utilisés pour être greffés sur PP par extrusion réactive. Ces monomères sont l'anhydride maléique MAH et le silane. Pour améliorer le degré de greffage de MAH sur PP, la montmorillonite organiquement modifiée o-MMT a été utilisée comme un nanoréacteur. Les influences des quantités de MAH et d'initiateur ont été étudiées. Afin d'améliorer le degré de greffage du silane sur PP, les conditions opératoires ont été étudiées. Toutefois, une relation simple entre les propriétés du produit et les conditions de fonctionnement n'a pas pu être trouvée. Pour obtenir le montant le plus élevé de silane greffé sur PP, et en même temps, restreindre les deux réactions secondaires, c'est à dire la polymérisation du silane et la dégradation de la PP chaîne, modèles polynomiaux ont été tentées pour décrire ce processus / This thesis consists of two parts: In Part I, the differences between macro-and mini-emulsion polymerization were compared. A model on macro-emulsion polymerization has been established. This model can predict the radical chain size distribution for a given class of particle sizes. By comparison, a model on mini-emulsion polymerization has been established. This model can provide the particle size distribution and the change of droplets size. In Part II, in order to improve the properties of PP, two kinds of monomers were used to be grafted on PP by reactive extrusion. These monomers were maleic anhydride (MAH) and silane. To improve the grafting degree of MAH on PP, organically modified montmorillonite (MMT) was used as a nanoreactor. The effects of the amounts of MAH and that of initiator were studied. In order to improve the grafting degree of silane on PP, the operating conditions were studied. However, a simple relation between the product properties and the operating conditions could not be found. To obtain the highest amount of silane grafted on PP, and meanwhile, restraining the two side reactions, i.e. the polymerization of silane and the PP chain degradation, polynomial models were attempted to describe this process