Considerando a atividade física como importante componente para a saúde física e mental dos indivíduos, o presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar fatores psicossociais do cotidiano dos trabalhadores a fim de compreender a relação destas variáveis com o comportamento ativo. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, realizado em uma universidade pública localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo 395 trabalhadores, não docentes de todas as unidades do campus. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação do questionário socioeconômico, questionário de atividade física habitual de Baecke, a escala de apoio social para a prática de atividade física, a escala de humor de BRUNEL e o Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Para análise dos dados, foram empreendidos testes estatísticos utilizando o software SPSS versão 20 e a estrutura da rede de apoio foi analisada no software Gephi 0.9.1. De acordo com os resultados, o apoio social, o estado de humor positivo (vigor) e o consumo de álcool foram preditores da atividade física habitual. Destacase que foi encontrada relação positiva entre a atividade física habitual e o consumo de álcool, sobretudo entre os bebedores de baixo risco, e que o apoio social exerceu efeito moderador nesta relação. Ademais, foram identificados alguns subgrupos a serem priorizados em ações e propostas para sensibilização do comportamento ativo, a saber: mulheres, aqueles que tinham alguma condição crônica de saúde, os indivíduos com composições familiares mais extensas e os trabalhadores do setor administrativo. Sinaliza-se ainda que uma parcela importante dos participantes, principalmente homens e aqueles com menor escolaridade, apresentou características de consumo nocivo de álcool. Diante disto, algumas recomendações foram traçadas visando à incorporação de ações mais horizontalizadas e direcionadas à melhoria destes aspectos. Em suma, os achados do presente estudo reforçam a ideia que elementos nos diferentes níveis de influência podem atuar direta ou indiretamente no engajamento dos indivíduos no fenômeno da atividade física e que, a complexidade envolvida no comportamento ativo requer, por parte dos profissionais de saúde, uma abordagem mais ampliada para o desenvolvimento de estratégias viáveis a realidade deste grupo / Considering physical activity as an important component for the physical and mental health of individuals, the present study aimed to investigate psychosocial factors of workers\' daily life in order to understand the relation between these variables and active behavior. This is a quantitative study, carried out in a public university located in the interior of the State of São Paulo. Were participants in this study, 395 non-teaching staff from all campus units. Data collection was done through the application of the socioeconomic questionnaire, Baecke physical activity questionnaire, social support scale for physical activity, the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) and the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). To analyze the data, statistical tests were carried out using SPSS software version 20 and the support network structure was analyzed in Gephi 0.9.1 software. According to the results, social support, positive mood (vigour), and alcohol consumption were predictors of habitual physical activity. It should be noted that a positive relation was found between habitual physical activity and alcohol consumption, especially among low-risk drinkers, and that social support had a moderating effect on this relation. In addition, some subgroups were identified to be prioritized in actions and proposals to sensitize active behavior, namely: women, those who had some chronic health condition, individuals with more extended family compositions, and workers of administrative sectors. It is also pointed out that a significant portion of the participants, mainly men and those with less schooling, presented characteristics of harmful alcohol consumption. Therefore, some recommendations were drawn for the incorporation of more horizontal actions intended to improve these aspects. In summary, the findings of the present study reinforce the idea that elements in different levels of influence can act directly or indirectly in the engagement of individuals in the phenomenon of physical activity, and that the complexity involved in active behavior requires, on the part of health professionals, a broader approach to the development of feasible strategies to the reality of this group

Hintergrund: Nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung beschäftigte sich eine Reihe von Studien mit der psychischen Befindlichkeit der Menschen in Ost- und Westdeutschland. Die vorliegende Untersuchung stellt eine Replikation der Studie von Basten et al. [Psychische Beschwerden und körperliche Gesundheit im vereinten Deutschland: Eine Ost-West-Vergleichsuntersuchung an einer studentischen Stichprobe. Verhaltenstherapie 1994;4:90–95] 10 Jahre nach der Originaluntersuchung dar. Diese wurde 1991/1992 durchgeführt und untersuchte Unterschiede in der Depressivität, Angst, Somatisierung sowie im berichteten Essverhalten zwischen Studentinnen in Dresden und Marburg. Probanden und Methode: Von Oktober 2001 bis April 2002 wurden die psychischen Beschwerden und das Essverhalten bei Dresdner und Marburger Studenten untersucht. In die vorliegende Arbeit gingen Daten von 221 Studentinnen ein. Es wurden dieselben standardisierten Erhebungsinstrumente wie in der Originaluntersuchung eingesetzt. Ergebnisse: Im Unterschied zu der Originalstudie konnte keine höhere Depressivität bei der westdeutschen Stichprobe nachgewiesen werden. Stattdessen gaben ostdeutsche Studentinnen signifikant mehr Angstsymptome an als westdeutsche. Daneben gab es Hinweise auf einen stärker ausgeprägten Schlankheitswunsch der Ostdeutschen. Insgesamt wiesen die ostdeutschen Studentinnen in allen Verfahren höhere Mittelwerte auf als 10 Jahre vorher. Diskussion: Die Studie bestätigt vorliegende Ergebnisse, wonach nur geringe Unterschiede in der psychischen Befindlichkeit in Ost- und Westdeutschland bestehen. Allerdings sind in den letzten 10 Jahren Veränderungen geschehen, die aufgrund fehlender Längsschnittstudien nicht eruiert wurden. Die höhere Ausprägung der Angstsymptomatik der ostdeutschen Studentinnen wird als ein Sozialisationsergebnis interpretiert. / Background: After the German unification, several studies have focused on differences in the psychological health of people in East and West Germany. The current study is a replication of the Basten et al. study [Psychological wellbeing and health in a unified Germany: An East-West-comparison of two student samples. Verhaltenstherapie 1994;4:90–95] 10 years after the original research of 1991/1992. It investigated differences in depression, anxiety and bodily symptoms as well as problematic eating behaviour in female university students in Dresden (East Germany) and Marburg (West Germany). Subjects and Methods: From October 2001 to April 2002, we investigated psychological symptoms and eating behaviour in students of the universities of Dresden and Marburg. The current report includes data of 221 female students. We used the same standardized measures as had been used in the original research. Results: In contrast to the original study, students from West Germany did no longer exhibit higher depression scores. Instead, students from East Germany showed significantly increased anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, there was a trend towards a higher drive for thinness in East German students. In all, students from Dresden showed higher mean values in all measures than 10 years before. Discussion: This study corroborates results that there are only minor differences in psychological health between people in East and West Germany. However, our findings point out that during the past decade subtle changes might have occurred which have not been detected through lack of longitudinal investigations. The higher level of anxiety in East German students could be a result of socialisation. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The program with physical exercises in the work environment is a tool used to minimize work-related illnesses. There are studies showing that this program helps to reduce absenteeism, muscle pain and repetitive-efforts illnesses, however, there is almost no research with reaction time and mood. Based on this scenario, the objective is to evaluate the effects of an intervention with physical exercise in the work environment in the reaction time and mood of administrative technical servers. The study is characterized as experimental and non-probabilistic. The research population was composed by 75 employees, from administrative sectors, between 18 and 50 years, of the Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul - Campus Chapecó. The study group of the article of reaction time was composed by 26participants with an average age of 29,62±6,47 years and the study group of the mood article was composed by 25 participants with an average age of 32,16±9,64 years. The simple reaction and choice times were evaluated using the Vienna Test System and the mood was evaluated using the Brunel mood scale. The chronic effect of the physical exercise intervention in the workplace environment on the reaction time was evaluated after a program of 36 sessions, distributed 3 times a week for 12 weeks, totaling 6 hours of intervention. The acute effect of the physical exercise intervention in the work environment on the mood state was evaluated pre and post session of 10 minutes of the program.For the data treatment, descriptive statistics (average and standard deviation) and inferential analysis were used. All analyzes were performed at a significance level of 5%. The results of the article "The improvement of the reaction time after an intervention with physical exercises in the work environment" indicates decrease in the simple reaction and choice times, in the time of movement and in the time of response of the experimental group. The article "Acute effect of a session of workplace physical activity on mood state " has observed decrease of all negative aspects of mood, tension, depression, anger, fatigue and mental confusion. It was concluded that the intervention program with physical exercise in the work environment improved the simple reaction and choice times and the mood of the administrative staff. / O programa com exercícios físicos no ambiente de trabalho é uma ferramenta utilizada para minimizar as doenças relacionadas ao trabalho. Existem estudos apontando que esse programa auxilia na diminuição do absenteísmo, das dores musculares e das doenças por esforço repetitivo, entretanto, são quase inexistentes as pesquisas com tempo de reação e estado de humor. Baseando-se nesse cenário, tem-se como objetivo avaliar os efeitos da intervenção com exercício físico no ambiente de trabalho sobre o tempo de reação e o estado de humor de servidores técnicos administrativos. O estudo é caracterizado como experimental e não-probabilístico. Participaram do estudo 75 funcionários de setores administrativos entre 18 e 50 anos da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul – Campus Chapecó. O grupo de estudo do artigo de tempo de reação contou com 26 sujeitos com idade média de 29,62±6,47 anos e o do artigo de estado de humor foi composto por 25 sujeitos com idade média de 32,16±9,64 anos. Foram avaliados o tempo de reação simples e de escolha, por meio do Sistema de Testes de Viena® e o estado de humor utilizando a escala de humor de Brunel. O efeito crônico da intervenção com exercícios físicos no ambiente de trabalho sobre o tempo de reação foi avaliado após um programa de 36 sessões, distribuídas 3 vezes por semana durante 12 semanas, totalizando 6 horas de intervenção. O efeito agudo da intervenção com exercícios físicos no ambiente de trabalho sobre o estado de humor foi avaliado pré e pós sessão de 10 minutos do programa. Para o tratamento dos dados foi utilizada estatística descritiva (média e desvio padrão) e análise inferencial. Todas as análises foram realizadas adotando nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados do artigo “Melhora do tempo de reação após uma intervenção com exercícios físicos no ambiente de trabalho” observaram diminuição no tempo de reação simples e de escolha, no tempo de movimento e no tempo de resposta do grupo experimental. O artigo “Efeito agudo de uma sessão do programa de exercício físico no ambiente de trabalho sobre o estado de humor” observou diminuição de todos os aspectos negativos do humor, tensão, depressão, raiva, fadiga e confusão mental. Conclui-se que o programa de intervenção com exercício físico no ambiente de trabalho melhorou o tempo de reação simples, o tempo de escolha e o estado de humor dos funcionários técnico-administrativos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago.pdf: 1875817 bytes, checksum: 1fad03bce7921730c3bf542b64992412 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study builds on researches showing that self-determined motivation is related to greater adherence to physical activity. In addition, physical activity and motivation are related to better mental health, such as mood states and depression in adolescence. The aim of this study was to investigate the motivation for physical activity and relations with mood states and depression in adolescence. We conducted a study involving 662 adolescents aged 14 to 19 years old, students at the biggest public school of Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The students volunteered for the study. Questionnaires, scales and inventories were used to conduct the survey and the data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. It was observed that if the adolescents were more self-determined they would increase physical activity practice. Adolescents who did not practice physical activity during 1 year were significantly more amotivated than those who did. More selfdetermination for physical activity was positively associated with better mental health. Adolescents who practiced physical activity have a better humor profile than those who did not practice. We conclude that adolescents more selfdetermined did more physical activity regularly and had better mental health. Moreover, adolescents who practiced physical activity regularly had better humor profile. / Este estudo baseia-se em pesquisas indicando que a motivação autodeterminada está relacionada a uma maior adesão à prática de atividade física. Além disso, a prática de atividade física, bem como a motivação, está relacionada à melhores indicadores de saúde mental, como os estados de humor e de depressão na adolescência. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a motivação para a prática de atividade física e as relações com os estados de humor e de depressão na adolescência. Participaram por voluntariado, 662 adolescentes de 14 a 19 anos estudantes do ensino médio da maior escola de educação pública de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados questionários, escalas e inventários foram utilizados. Os dados foram tratados com estatística descritiva e inferencial. Foi observado que quanto mais autodeterminado é o adolescente para a atividade física maior a quantidade de atividade física praticada. Os adolescentes que não praticaram atividade física no período de 1 ano são significativamente mais amotivados do que os que praticaram. Comportamentos mais autodeterminados para a atividade física estão correlacionados com melhor saúde mental e adolescentes que praticaram atividade física possuem melhor perfil de humor do que os que não praticaram. Conclui-se que o adolescente autodeterminado pratica mais atividade física e possui melhores indicadores de saúde mental. Além disso, o adolescente que pratica atividade física apresenta um melhor perfil de humor.

Videogames have been historically known for causing negative mood states in players, but there is still more research to be done about the potential for videogames to alleviate these induced negative mood states. Using an online repeated measures survey design, participants were asked to play a game with an impossible difficulty curve unbeknownst to them. They were then instructed to play one of three casual videogames (CVGs). It was hypothesized that increased levels of competency and autonomy would lead to a decrease in participants’ negative mood state as per Self-Determination Theory. In addition, the act of playing CVGs was also predicted to decrease participants’ negative mood state as per Mood Management Theory. To test for this, participants were asked questions regarding their feelings of competency, autonomy, and overall mood state throughout the experiment. Support was not found for competency and autonomy helping alleviate negative mood states, but support was found for CVGs and their healing potential towards negative mood states. The implications of these results as well as the potential for future research is discussed.

No description available.

The main aim of this study, in which 310 university students participated, is to investigate whether or not computer interfaces offering human-like apologetic error messages influence users&rsquo / self-appraisals of performances and actual performances in the computerized environment. For the study, an online instructional material which includes deliberate design problems leading to user frustration was developed. The study is comprised of three phases. In the first phase, based on the CCSARP (Cross-Cultural Study of Speech Act Realization Patterns) coding manual and the studies conducted with the framework provided by the manual, apology strategy sequences were elicited from Turkish participants. Two of these apology strategy sequences were selected for producing two apology error messages. In addition to these apology messages, one plain computer error message was also developed for experimental control. The second phase of the study was conducted to determine whether these three messages were perceived as apologies. It was found out that the two apology messages were perceived as apologies and the plain computer message was not perceived as an apology. In the third phase these three messages were used to investigate the relationship between mood, self-appraisal of performance and actual performance after the transmission of the apologetic error messages. The findings of this study show that the frequencies of apology strategies preferred in the computerized environment are similar with those utilized in the social context. Statistical analyses also reveal that the influence of apology messages on self-appraisal of performance depends on participants&rsquo / mood state and the contents of the apology messages.

Hintergrund: Nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung beschäftigte sich eine Reihe von Studien mit der psychischen Befindlichkeit der Menschen in Ost- und Westdeutschland. Die vorliegende Untersuchung stellt eine Replikation der Studie von Basten et al. [Psychische Beschwerden und körperliche Gesundheit im vereinten Deutschland: Eine Ost-West-Vergleichsuntersuchung an einer studentischen Stichprobe. Verhaltenstherapie 1994;4:90–95] 10 Jahre nach der Originaluntersuchung dar. Diese wurde 1991/1992 durchgeführt und untersuchte Unterschiede in der Depressivität, Angst, Somatisierung sowie im berichteten Essverhalten zwischen Studentinnen in Dresden und Marburg. Probanden und Methode: Von Oktober 2001 bis April 2002 wurden die psychischen Beschwerden und das Essverhalten bei Dresdner und Marburger Studenten untersucht. In die vorliegende Arbeit gingen Daten von 221 Studentinnen ein. Es wurden dieselben standardisierten Erhebungsinstrumente wie in der Originaluntersuchung eingesetzt. Ergebnisse: Im Unterschied zu der Originalstudie konnte keine höhere Depressivität bei der westdeutschen Stichprobe nachgewiesen werden. Stattdessen gaben ostdeutsche Studentinnen signifikant mehr Angstsymptome an als westdeutsche. Daneben gab es Hinweise auf einen stärker ausgeprägten Schlankheitswunsch der Ostdeutschen. Insgesamt wiesen die ostdeutschen Studentinnen in allen Verfahren höhere Mittelwerte auf als 10 Jahre vorher. Diskussion: Die Studie bestätigt vorliegende Ergebnisse, wonach nur geringe Unterschiede in der psychischen Befindlichkeit in Ost- und Westdeutschland bestehen. Allerdings sind in den letzten 10 Jahren Veränderungen geschehen, die aufgrund fehlender Längsschnittstudien nicht eruiert wurden. Die höhere Ausprägung der Angstsymptomatik der ostdeutschen Studentinnen wird als ein Sozialisationsergebnis interpretiert. / Background: After the German unification, several studies have focused on differences in the psychological health of people in East and West Germany. The current study is a replication of the Basten et al. study [Psychological wellbeing and health in a unified Germany: An East-West-comparison of two student samples. Verhaltenstherapie 1994;4:90–95] 10 years after the original research of 1991/1992. It investigated differences in depression, anxiety and bodily symptoms as well as problematic eating behaviour in female university students in Dresden (East Germany) and Marburg (West Germany). Subjects and Methods: From October 2001 to April 2002, we investigated psychological symptoms and eating behaviour in students of the universities of Dresden and Marburg. The current report includes data of 221 female students. We used the same standardized measures as had been used in the original research. Results: In contrast to the original study, students from West Germany did no longer exhibit higher depression scores. Instead, students from East Germany showed significantly increased anxiety symptoms. Furthermore, there was a trend towards a higher drive for thinness in East German students. In all, students from Dresden showed higher mean values in all measures than 10 years before. Discussion: This study corroborates results that there are only minor differences in psychological health between people in East and West Germany. However, our findings point out that during the past decade subtle changes might have occurred which have not been detected through lack of longitudinal investigations. The higher level of anxiety in East German students could be a result of socialisation. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Many athletes incorporate high training volumes and limited recovery periods into their training regimes. This may disrupt the fragile balance and the accumulation of exercise stress may exceed an athlete's finite capacity of resistance. A state of elevated fatigue, increased mood disturbance and decreased exercise performance can result. This is commonly known as overreaching and if increased training and limited recovery is continued, it is believed that the more serious state of overtraining may develop. This is relatively commonly experienced in athletes, however little scientific investigation has been conducted to determine the characteristics and underlying mechanisms. The overall aim of this thesis was to gain a greater understanding of the state of overreaching and to specifically provide new information on potential markers of this state as well as possible mechanisms. To study the cumulative effects of exercise stress and subsequent recovery on performance changes, fatigue indicators and possible mechanisms, the training of endurance cyclists was systematically controlled and monitored in two separate investigations. A number of variables were assessed including performance, physiological, biochemical, psychological, immunological and hormonal variables. In addition heart rate variability and serotonergic responsiveness were also assessed. Some of the more pertinent effects of overreaching included an increase in heart rate variability, a reduction in carbohydrate oxidation, an increase in serotonergic responsiveness and a reduction in stress hormone concentrations. These results suggest that autonomic imbalance in combination with decreased hormonal release appears to be related to the decline in performance and elevated fatigue apparent in overreached athletes. Additionally it also appears that alterations in the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis may occur in overreached athletes.

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is an endogenously occurring phospholipid that has been shown to have cognition and mood enhancing properties in humans, possibly through its role as an enzyme co-factor in cellular signal transduction. Specifically, PS has been identified as activator of classical isoforms of protein kinase C, an enzyme known to be involved in the growth and differentiation of neural cells, and is therefore thought to play a role in the protection of neurons. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of supplementation with PS and caffeine on measures of cognition, reaction time and mood prior to and following an exercise stress. Twenty, healthy, resistance trained males (17) and females (3) (mean ± SD; age: 22.75 ± 3.27 yrs; height: 177.03 ± 8.44cm; weight: 78.98 ± 11.24kg; body fat%: 14.28 ± 6.6), volunteered to participate in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Participants were assigned to a PS group (400mg/day PS; 100mg/day caffeine, N=9) or PL (16g/day Carbs, N=11) delivered in the form of 4 candy chews identical in size, shape and color. Subjects performed an acute bout of full body resistance exercise, prior to (T1) and following 14 days of supplementation (T2). Measures of reaction time (Dynavision® D2 Visuomotor Training Device), cognition (Serial Subtraction Test, SST), and mood (Profile of Mood States, POMS) were assessed immediately before and following resistance exercise in both T1 and T2. Data was analyzed using two-way ANCOVA and repeated measures ANOVA. Supplementation with 400mg PS and 100mg caffeine did not have a significant impact upon measures of reaction time or cognition between groups at baseline or following acute resistance exercise. However, there was a non-significant trend to the attenuation of fatigue iv between groups, following acute resistance exercise (p = 0.071). Interestingly, our data suggests that acute resistance exercise alone may improve cognitive function. Although more research is necessary regarding optimal dosage and supplementation duration, the current findings suggest that supplementation 400mg/day PS with 100mg/day caffeine may attenuate fatigue following acute resistance exercise. It is possible that the lack of significance may be the result of both an inhibition of the PS activated pathway and a withdrawal effect from caffeine.