<p>Patienter med morbid obesitas har en ökad risk för atelektasbildning och postoperativarespiratoriska komplikationer efter generell anestesi på grund av sänkt vitalkapacitet (VC),funktionel residualkapacitet (FRC) och total lungkapacitet (TLC). Tidigare forskning har visat attPostoperativ Bi-level Positiv Airway Pressure (BIPAP) ventilations behandling minskar denna risk.Denna studie avsåg att utvärdera om postoperativ BIPAP-behandling förbättrar patienternas SpO2,paO2 , paCO2 och pH i arteriellt blod efter genomgången elektiv gastric bypass kirurgi jämfört medtraditionell postoperativ behandling. Insamlat material från 18 patienter huvudsakligen bestående avarteriella blodgaser och bakgrundsdata analyserades med analytisk statistisk. För att kunna beskrivahur patienterna upplevde BIPAP-behandlingen ställdes två öppna frågor ställdes till patienterna,.Resultatet visar att postoperativ behandling med BIPAP under 3 timmar ger högre SpO2 och lägrepaCO2 än traditionell postoperativ behandling efter elektiv gastric bypass kirurgi. Vid bådabehandlingarna sjunker paO2 och pH är oförändrat. Flera av patienterna upplevde besvär av BIPAPbehandlingen.</p> / <p>Obese patients have a higher risk for respiratory complications after general anesthesia related toreduced vital capacity (VC), functional residual capacity (FRC) and total lung capacity (TLC).Earlier studies have shown that postoperative treatment with Bi-level Positive Airway Pressureimproved forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0) andsaturation (SpO2) after elective gastric bypass surgery. Present study evaluates whether or not thesame postoperative treatment also shows differences in arterial blood gases, if compared with usualpostoperative treatment with nasal administered oxygen. A second aim was to describe how patientsexperienced the BIPAP treatment. Arterial blood gases from 18 patients were analyzed withanalytical statistics. The study showed that postoperative treatment whit BIPAP during 3 hoursresults in higher SpO2 and lower paCO2 than traditional postoperative treatment after electivegastric bypass surgery. Both treatments results in lower paO2 and unchanged pH. Several patientsexperienced discomfort during the BIPAP treatment.</p>

Patienter med morbid obesitas har en ökad risk för atelektasbildning och postoperativarespiratoriska komplikationer efter generell anestesi på grund av sänkt vitalkapacitet (VC),funktionel residualkapacitet (FRC) och total lungkapacitet (TLC). Tidigare forskning har visat attPostoperativ Bi-level Positiv Airway Pressure (BIPAP) ventilations behandling minskar denna risk.Denna studie avsåg att utvärdera om postoperativ BIPAP-behandling förbättrar patienternas SpO2,paO2 , paCO2 och pH i arteriellt blod efter genomgången elektiv gastric bypass kirurgi jämfört medtraditionell postoperativ behandling. Insamlat material från 18 patienter huvudsakligen bestående avarteriella blodgaser och bakgrundsdata analyserades med analytisk statistisk. För att kunna beskrivahur patienterna upplevde BIPAP-behandlingen ställdes två öppna frågor ställdes till patienterna,.Resultatet visar att postoperativ behandling med BIPAP under 3 timmar ger högre SpO2 och lägrepaCO2 än traditionell postoperativ behandling efter elektiv gastric bypass kirurgi. Vid bådabehandlingarna sjunker paO2 och pH är oförändrat. Flera av patienterna upplevde besvär av BIPAPbehandlingen. / Obese patients have a higher risk for respiratory complications after general anesthesia related toreduced vital capacity (VC), functional residual capacity (FRC) and total lung capacity (TLC).Earlier studies have shown that postoperative treatment with Bi-level Positive Airway Pressureimproved forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0) andsaturation (SpO2) after elective gastric bypass surgery. Present study evaluates whether or not thesame postoperative treatment also shows differences in arterial blood gases, if compared with usualpostoperative treatment with nasal administered oxygen. A second aim was to describe how patientsexperienced the BIPAP treatment. Arterial blood gases from 18 patients were analyzed withanalytical statistics. The study showed that postoperative treatment whit BIPAP during 3 hoursresults in higher SpO2 and lower paCO2 than traditional postoperative treatment after electivegastric bypass surgery. Both treatments results in lower paO2 and unchanged pH. Several patientsexperienced discomfort during the BIPAP treatment.

It has been estimated that LAGB represents about 42% of bariatric operations performed worldwide. There are a number of different adjustable gastric bands available. Few attempts have been made to compare the influence of band design differences for efficiency and complication rate. There are no accepted criteria for choosing this particular operation. In the dissertation we compared one year results after adjustable gastric banding using different adjustable gastric bands – SAGB and MiniMizer Extra. We have determined that laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding is effective and safe bariatric procedure: the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss was 33,1 ± 21,9%; 34.1% of patients achieved fair, 30,6% - good, 9,4% - very good and 2,4% - excellent results according to BAROS; only 5 (4,9%) major complications were diagnosed. No radical differences were stated between the efficiency and complication rate of the compared adjustable gastric bands: the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss in SAGB and MiniMizer Extra groups was 28,9 ± 21,3% and 36,8 ± 22.1% respectively, p=0.075; major complication rate was 0 (0%) and 5 (9.3%) respectively, p=0.069. Patients at the age of 40 and older achieved better results using MiniMizer Extra band - the average percentage of initial excess body mass index loss was 37,5 ± 20,8% versus 23,6 ± 13,8% in SAGB group, p=0.002. Patients with initial BMI ≤ 47 achieved better results using MiniMizer Extra band... [to full text] / Šiuo metu Pasaulyje skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacijos sudaro apie 43 % visų chirurginių operacijų, atliekamų nutukimui gydyti. Iki šiol nėra pilnai ištirta operacijoje naudojamų skrandį apjuosiančių reguliuojamų juostų konstrukcijos skirtumų įtaka gydymo rezultatams, taip pat nėra priimtų pacientų atrankos šiai operacijai kriterijų. Disertacijoje palyginome vienerių metų nutukimo chirurginio gydymo rezultatus naudojant skirtingas skrandį apjuosiančias reguliuojamas juostas – SAGB ir MiniMizer Extra. Nustatėme, kad skrandžio apjuosimo reguliuojama juosta operacija yra efektyvus ir saugus nutukimo gydymo būdas: vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas buvo 33,1 ± 21,9%; vertinant pagal BAROS, 34.1% pacientų pasiekė patenkinamą, 30,6% - gerą, 9,4% – labai gerą ir 2,4% – puikų gydymo rezultatą; pasitaikė 5 (4,9%) „didžiosios” komplikacijos. Esminių skirtumų tarp lygintų juostų efektyvumo ir komplikacijų skaičiaus po vienerių metų po operacijos nenustatyta: vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas SAGB ir MiniMizer Extra grupėse buvo atitinkamai 28,9 ± 21,3% ir 36,8 ± 22.1%, p=0.075, o „didžiųjų” komplikacijų skaičius atitinkamai 0 (0%) ir 5 (9.3%), p=0.069. 40 metų ir vyresni pacientai geresnių rezultatų pasiekė naudojant MiniMizer Extra juostą - vidutinis procentinis perteklinio kūno masės indekso sumažėjimas buvo 37,5 ± 20,8% prieš 23,6 ± 13,8 % SAGB grupėje, p=0.002. Pacientai, kurių pradinis KMI ≤ 47, geresnių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Obesity is the fifth leading cause of global deaths. The efficacy and safety of obesity treatment is still controversial. The objective of the thesis is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bariatric surgery, through a systematic review of the current evidence and meta- analysis of important outcomes. Nineteen (19) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 1346 participants were included. Bariatric surgery resulted in greater weight loss when compared to non-surgical treatment. Weight loss was also associated with resolution and/or improvement of obesity related comorbidites such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and sleep apnea. Weight loss and safety varied across the surgical procedures. Biliopancreatic diversion/duodenal switch had the greatest weight loss, followed by sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, purely restrictive procedures such as vertical banded gastroplasty and adjustable gastric banding resulted in the least weight loss. Long term, high quality, and adequately powered trials are still needed to support the available evidence

Προσχεδιασμένη συγκριτική διπλή τυφλή μελέτη της αποτελεσματικότητας της επιμήκους γαστρεκτομής (LSG) και της μερικής γαστρικής παράκαμψης Roux-en-Y (LRYGB) σε ασθενείς με κλινικά σοβαρή παχυσαρκία (BMI 35-49,9) Η λαπαροσκοπική γαστρική παράκαμψη (LRYGB) αποτελεί στις μέρες μας το χρυσό κανόνα για τη χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση της κλινικά σοβαρής παχυσαρκίας. Η λαπαροσκοπική επιμήκης γαστρεκτομή (LSG) είναι μία σχετικώς νέα επέμβαση περιοριστικού τύπου η οποία τελευταία έχει αρχίσει να εφαρμόζεται ως μοναδική επέμβαση για την κλινικά σοβαρή παχυσαρκία. Η παρούσα προοπτική διπλή τυφλή μελέτη έχει σκοπό να διερευνήσει την ασφάλεια των παραπάνω επεμβάσεων καθώς και την αποτελεσματικότητα τους σε χρονικό ορίζοντα τριών χρόνων. Μέθοδος: Εξήντα ασθενείς με δείκτη σωματικής μάζας <50 Kg/m2 μετά από τυχαιοποίηση υπεβλήθησαν τριάντα σε LSG και τριάντα σε LRYGB. Οι ασθενείς παρακολουθήθηκαν μετεγχειρητικά για τρία χρόνια. Στο διάστημα αυτό καταγράφηκε η απώλεια βάρους, η πρώιμη και όψιμη νοσηρότητα και θνητότητα, η ίαση των συνοδών της παχυσαρκίας νόσων και η ανάπτυξη μικροθρεπτικών ανεπαρκειών μετά τους δύο τύπους χειρουργείων. Αποτελέσματα: Η θνητότητα ήταν μηδενική και στους δύο τύπους επεμβάσεων. Δεν καταγράφηκε σημαντική διαφορά στην πρώιμη (10% μετά από LRYGBP και 13.3% μετά από LSG, P>0.05) και όψιμη νοσηρότητα (10% σε κάθε ομάδα) μετά και τους δύο τύπους χειρουργείων. Η απώλεια βάρους ήταν στατιστικώς μεγαλύτερη μετά από LSG καθόλη τη διάρκεια της μελέτης. Τον τρίτο μετεγχειρητικό χρόνο η επί τις εκατό απώλεια του υπερβάλλοντος βάρους κυμαίνονταν στο 62.09% μετά από LRYGBP και στο 68.46% μετά από LSG (p=0.02). Δεν παρατηρήθηκε σημαντική διαφορά ως προς την ίαση των συνοδών της παχυσαρκίας νόσων, εκτός από τη δυσλιπιδαιμία η οποία βελτιώθηκε σε σημαντικότερο βαθμό μετά από LRYGB και την υπέρταση η οποία βελτιώθηκε σε σημαντικότερο βαθμό μετά από LSG. Ανεπάρκεια μικροθρεπτικών συστατικών παρατηρήθηκε σε ανάλογο βαθμό μετά τις δύο επεμβάσεις εκτός από την έλλειψη βιταμίνης Β12 η οποία παρατηρήθηκε σε μεγαλύτερο βαθμό μετά από LRYGB (P<0.001). Συμπεράσματα: Και οι δύο επεμβάσεις είναι ασφαλείς και αποτελεσματικές ως προς την απώλεια βάρους και την ίαση των συνοδών της παχυσαρκίας νόσων. Η LSG συνοδεύεται από λιγότερες μεταβολικές ανεπάρκειες και δεν απαιτεί τη χορήγηση συμπληρωμάτων εφ’ όρου ζωής. Η LSG φαίνεται ότι είναι μία υποσχόμενη επέμβαση για την κλινικά σοβαρή παχυσαρκία η οποία στα τρία χρόνια μετεγχειρητικής παρακολούθησης επιτυγχάνει μεγαλύτερη απώλεια βάρους από την LRYGB. / The efficacy of sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and Roux en Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) in patients with morbid obesity (BMI 35-49,9). A comparative double-blind randomized trial Background: Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is currently the gold standard bariatric procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is an innovative restrictive procedure which has been increasingly applied as a sole bariatric procedure. A randomized trial was conducted to evaluate perioperative safety (30-day) and 3-years results. Methods: Sixty patients with body mass index (BMI) ≤ 50 Kg/m2 were randomized to LRYGB or LSG. Patients were monitored for 3 years after operation and throughout the study period weight loss, early and late complications, improvement of obesity related comorbidities and nutritional deficiencies were compared between studied groups. Results: There was no death in either group and no significant difference in early (10% after LRYGBP and 13.3% after LSG, P>0.05) and late morbidity (10% in each group). Weight loss was significantly better after LSG throughout the study period. At 3 years %EWL reached 62.09% after LRYGBP and 68.46% after LSG (p=0.02). There was no significant difference in the overall improvement of comorbidities but dyslipidemia improved more after LRYGB, whereas hypertension resolved more after LSG. Nutritional deficiencies occurred at same rate in the two groups except to vitamin B12 deficiency which was more common after LRYGB (P<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, LSG and LRYGBP are equally safe and effective in the amelioration of comorbidities, while LSG is associated with fewer postoperative metabolic deficiencies, without the need of supplementation. Furthermore, LSG is a promising bariatric procedure, since it seems to be superior to LRYGB at 3 years follow up on weight reduction.

Orientador: Maria Rita Marques de Oliveira / Resumo: A obesidade é resultante de uma complexa interação entre fatores genéticos, ambientais e metabólicos, cujo controle dos casos extremos tem se realizado com cirurgia. Embora efetivos, os resultados da cirurgia são variáveis e pouco se sabe sobre os efeitos em longo prazo. Objetivo: avaliar o efeito tardio da cirurgia bariátrica considerando técnica cirúrgica, consumo alimentar e as variações de peso, diante de um desfecho clínico desejável e indesejável. Métodos: Este estudo prospectivo não concorrente envolveu a participação de 74 mulheres (idade 42,2 ± 6,2 anos; IMC 44,7 ± 6,5 kg/m2) submetidas à cirurgia de derivação gástrica em Y-Roux (DGYR). Os pacientes foram categorizados em dois grupos de acordo com a variação de peso pós-cirúrgica: Grupo 1 – variação ≤10% do menor peso alcançado (desfecho desejável); Grupo 2 – reganho de peso >10% do menor peso alcançado (não desejável). Foram avaliados peso corporal, % perda do excesso de peso (%PEP), peso mínimo atingido, presença de comorbidades, consumo de energia e macronutrientes e Baros. Resultados: Após 6 anos da cirurgia, 35/74 pacientes apresentaram reganho de peso >10% do menor peso atingido (Grupo 2). Os grupos eram homogêneos para variáveis pré-cirúrgicas. A mediana do menor peso atingido para os pacientes do Grupo 1 foi de 74 (67,8 - 80) kg e 71,4 (64,6 – 80,8) Kg para os pacientes do Grupo 2, alcançados em 24 (18 – 42) e 18 (12 – 24) meses, respectivamente (p=0,017). O %PEP dos pacientes do Grupo 1 foi de 77% e 66% para... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Incidence of obesity-related diseases is greater in cases of morbid obesity, which leads to higher health risks. Primarily for those patients in whom clinical intervention proved unsuccessful, bariatric surgery has become viable for the treatment of severe obesity. Starting with a review of the medical literature, the discussion herein involves obesity and its magnitude in adults, placing emphasis on diagnostic criteria, epidemiological data, especially in obese women, etiology, comorbidities, and treatment. It also looks into the complexity of the surgical treatment, its techniques, indication and contraindication criteria, benefits, complications, and nutritional deficiencies. Lastly, women who underwent Capella surgery at the Alberto Antunes University Hospital at the Federal University of Alagoas and who were enrolled in its Bariatric Surgery Program had their metabolic and anthropological profiles assessed and discussed afterwards. One hundred and thirty-five women took part in this prospective study and were assessed preoperatively (T1) and between 12 and 24 months postoperatively (T2). They all underwent Fobi-Capella surgery and were divided into three 45-patient groups, according to different preoperative body mass index (BMI) terciles. Age, body mass (BMI), waist circumference, metabolic profile (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglycerides, fasting glucose), comorbidities, and the use of medication were all taken into account. Patients signed an informed consent form. Statistical tests were employed when evaluating the groups. Mean age was 33.9 ± 9.3 years. Post-operative results showed a respective decrease of 38.1%, 37.9%, and 28.9% in body mass, BMI, and waist circumference. Serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-c dropped 21.4%, 19.0%, 48.1%, and 28.1%, respectively. The HDL-c level rose 15.6%. Glycemic levels were brought to normal in all groups. Mean weight loss for the groups was 36.7%, 39.0%, and 38.4%. Patients in groups 1 and 2, preoperatively classified as having class 3 obesity, were deemed overweight at endpoint, whereas those in group 3 came down to class 1 obesity. As to waist circumference, all of them had shown much greater risk for metabolic complications, and only those patients in group 1 progressed to increased risk. The others remained unchanged. The most prevalent comorbidity was dyslipidemia, followed by gastric disorders, joint diseases, hepatic steatosis, systemic arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Hypertension decreased in 91.8% of the patients, and the remission of diabetes and dyslipidemia stood at 95.7% and 41.5% of the cases, respectively. Cardiovascular risk factors were significantly reduced and the use of medication fell 57.1%. Despite the different pre-operative BMI categories, there were no significant differences across the groups regarding the assessed variables. The three groups showed equally positive results in the follow-up period. / A incidência de doenças secundárias à obesidade é maior em obesos mórbidos, o que implica em grandes riscos à saúde. A cirurgia bariátrica constitui-se em opção de tratamento da obesidade severa com índice de sucesso consistente, especialmente para aqueles em que a intervenção clínica não alcançou resultados positivos. Este estudo discute a problemática e a magnitude da obesidade em adultos, com revisão da literatura, enfatizando critérios diagnósticos, dados epidemiológicos - especialmente em mulheres obesas - etiologia, comorbidezes e tratamento. Evidencia a complexidade do tratamento cirúrgico, as técnicas de cirurgia, critérios de indicação e contra-indicação, benefícios, complicações e deficiências nutricionais. Por fim, analisa e discute o impacto sobre o perfil metabólico e antropométrico de mulheres inseridas no Programa de Cirurgia Bariátrica do Hospital Universitário Profº Alberto Antunes da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, submetidas à cirurgia de Capella. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo com cento e trinta e cinco mulheres em períodos pré-operatório (T1) e entre 12 a 24 meses de pós-operatório (T2), submetidas à cirurgia de Fobi-Capella e alocadas em três grupos de 45 componentes, segundo diferentes tercis de índice de massa corporal (IMC) pré-operatório. Foram avaliados idade, massa corporal (IMC), circunferência da cintura, perfil metabólico (colesterol total, HDL-c, LDL-c, triglicerídios, glicemia de jejum), comorbidades e uso de medicamentos. Os indivíduos selecionados assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Testes estatísticos foram usados para analisar os grupos. A idade média foi de 33,9 ± 9,3 anos. Após a cirurgia houve diminuição de 38,1% da massa corporal, 37,9% do IMC e de 28,9% da circunferência da cintura, com redução dos níveis séricos de glicose, colesterol, triglicerídios e LDL-c em 21,4%; 19,0%; 48,1% e 28,1%, respectivamente. O HDL-c aumentou 15,6%. Os níveis glicêmicos normalizaram em todos os grupos. A perda ponderal média dos grupos foi de 36,7%; 39,0% e 38,4%. Os grupos 1 e 2, classificados no pré-operatório como obesidade classe 3, evoluíram para sobrepeso e o grupo 3 para obesidade classe 1. Quanto à circunferência da cintura, todos apresentavam risco muito aumentado para complicações metabólicas e apenas o grupo 1 evoluiu para risco aumentado, com os demais permanecendo na classificação anterior. Dentre as comorbidades, a dislipidemia foi prevalente, seguida de doenças gástricas, doenças articulares, esteatose hepática, hipertensão arterial sistêmica e diabetes mellitus. A hipertensão regrediu em 91,8%; houve remissão de 95,7% do diabetes e de 41,5% da dislipidemia. Observou-se evolução satisfatória dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares e redução de 57,1% do uso de medicamentos. Embora apresentassem diferentes categorias de IMC no período pré-operatório, não houve diferenças significantes quanto às variáveis analisadas entre os grupos, os quais se beneficiaram igualmente do acompanhamento e procedimento cirúrgico.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:49:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-10-26 / Objetivo: Avaliar em pacientes obesos mórbidos submetidos à derivação gástrica em Y de Roux com anel de contenção há mais de cinco anos: 1) o efeito a longo prazo da cirurgia nas comorbidades; 2) a relação deste efeito com o reganho de massa. Métodos: Foram estudados 140 pacientes (122 mulheres, média de idade de 41,4±10,6 (variação 19 a 62) anos, média de massa de 138,7±23,1 (variação 98 a 220) kg e média de IMC de 52,3±7,9 (variação 37 a 82) kg/m2 submetidos à derivação gástrica em Y de Roux com anel de contenção há cinco anos ou mais. Foram analisadas as seguintes comorbidades: diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão arterial, doença cardiovascular, dislipidemia, apnéia do sono, artropatia e infertilidade, e classificadas em Resolvida, Melhorada, Inalterada ou Piorada no momento de menor massa e no último seguimento. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa na variação da massa nos três momentos do estudo (inicial x mínimo, p<0.001; inicial x final, p<0.001; mínimo x final, p<0.001). Não houve variação do status obtido no momento de menor massa para diabetes tipo 2, doença cardiovascular e infertilidade. Hipertensão arterial mostrou discreta piora dos resultados, porém, sem significância estatística (p=0,8). Houve piora dos resultados para dislipidemia (p=0,012), apnéia do sono (p=0,046) e artropatia (p=0,007). Não há relação entre a variação do IMC e a evolução da comorbidade para infertilidade (p=0,71, massa mínima e p=0,42, massa final). Há relação direta entre a variação do IMC e a evolução das comorbidades para diabetes tipo 2 (p=0,013, massa mínima e p=0,014, massa final), hipertensão arterial (p=0,015, massa mínima e p=0,001, massa final) e doença cardiovascular (p=0,015, massa mínima e p=0,043, massa final). Há relação direta entre a variação do IMC e a evolução das comorbidades apenas no último seguimento para artropatia (p=0,096, massa mínima e p=0,0012, massa final), dislipidemia (p=0,054, massa mínima e p=0,015, massa final) e apnéia do sono (p=0,11, massa mínima e p=0,011, massa final). Conclusões: Em pacientes obesos mórbidos submetidos à derivação gástrica em Y de Roux com anel de contenção há mais de cinco anos: (1) Há manutenção do status obtido para o momento de menor massa para as comorbidades diabetes tipo 2, hipertensão arterial, doença cardiovascular e infertilidade, mas não para dislipidemia, apnéia do sono e artropatia; (2) A melhoria de todas as comorbidades avaliadas, com exceção da infertilidade, associou-se diretamente ao percentual de perda de massa corpórea. / BACKGROUND: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is considered an effective therapy for weight loss although weight regain may be observed in a long-term follow-up. Obesity-related comorbidities are also well treated by RYGB due to weight loss and intestinal hormone changes. Few studies reported long-term status of comorbidities especially if weight regain is present. This study aims to analyze: (1) the resolution of obesity-related comorbidities after RYGB in a long-term follow-up and (2) its relationship to weight regain. METHODS: 140 patients (mean age 41, 18 male, mean body mass index (BMI) before operation 52 (range 39-82) kg/m2, mean BMI at nadir weight 29 (range 18-46) kg/m2, mean BMI at last follow-up 33 (range 19-49) kg/m2 were followed-up after RYGB for morbid obesity for at least 5 years (mean follow-up 90, range 60-155 months). Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, arthropathy, and infertility were present when submitted to surgery in 26 (18%), 14 (10%), 88 (62%), 18 (13%), 83 (59%), 90 (64%), 9 (16%) patients; and in 6 (4%), 8 (5%), 38 (27%), 6 (4%), 45 (32%), 75 (53%), 7 (12%) patients at the Nadir weight, respectively. RESULTS: BMI was significantly different in the 3 periods. Comorbidities resolution was sustained in a long-term follow-up for diabetes, hypertension, cardiopathy and infertility. Comorbidities status was direct related to the % of weight loss for all comorbidities except infertility. CONCLUSION: Our results show that comorbidities remission after RYGB is sustained in the majority of patients in a long-term follow-up. Weight regain is linked to worse results for all comorbidities except infertility. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:07:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Graziela De Gasperi.pdf: 2356359 bytes, checksum: 6032deedc4cea19301d2e753d03b9b8c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Obesity has become one of the most serious health issues nowadays. It is estimated that about 300 million people world-wide are considered obese. Obesity is characterized by an abnormal increase of body fat, leading to health problems. BMI is widely used to represent the degree of obesity, and it is related to the presence of associated diseases. When it is equal or over 40 kg/m², the obesity is considered morbid obesity. Some researches indicate that there is an increasing in plantar pressure indexes and larger peaks of pressure during gait of obese people in comparison to non-obese. This change in the distribution of plantar pressure may have consequences in daily activities, affecting one s locomotion, tasks accomplishment and body balance, since it depends on the bodyweight on joints that support body. Yet, the excess of fat tissue leads to overloading in joints, specially knees and ankles, causing pain and discomfort. That way, the objective of this study was to analyze the influence of morbid obesity in the distribution of plantar pressure and in the perception of pain in the feet of morbid obese people in pre-operatory of bariatric surgery. Ten morbid obese individuals took part in the study, which was held in Florianópolis/SC. In order to evaluate the distribution of plantar pressure, peak pressure and center of pressure (COP) dislocation, it was used a computerized baropodometry system, Emed-AT (Novel, Germany). Data related to the presence of associated diseases and pain in the feet was also collected. Data collection occurred the day before the bariatric surgery that individuals underwent. By the use of descriptive statistics, it has been noticed the prevalence of female participants (80%), who had an average age of 34 years-old and average BMI of 39,54 kg/m². The highest plantar peak pressure and average plantar pressure were found in the region of hallux, followed by first, second and third metatarsal heads, showing significant correlation between BMI and peak plantar pressure in midfoot and hallux regions, and between BMI and average plantar pressure in midfoot only (p<0,05). The medial displacement of COP proved to be more likely to happen between participants, yet there were differences between values of each foot in the same individual. Arch index showed that obese participants presented feet classified as normal; five individuals reported not feeling pain in the feet, while among the remaining participants, the pain was present during gait, during static position or during both situations, presenting intensity of 6.2 cm according to visual analogue scale. The most prevalent associated disease was systemic arterial hypertension, referred by five individuals. The results found show that there is an influence of morbid obesity on plantar pressure distribution, but one cannot be sure about the influence on the perception of pain for the participants. / A obesidade tornou-se um dos mais graves problemas mundiais relativos à saúde. Estima-se que cerca de 300 milhões de pessoas hoje no mundo sejam portadoras dessa patologia, que é caracterizada por um aumento anormal da gordura corporal, a ponto de comprometer a saúde do indivíduo. O índice de massa corporal (IMC) é um índice amplamente utilizado para representar o grau de obesidade. Quando o IMC encontra-se em um valor igual ou acima de 40 kg/m², caracteriza-se a obesidade mórbida. Estudos mostram que há aumento nos índices de pressão plantar e maiores picos de pressão durante a marcha em obesos quando comparados com não-obesos. Essa alteração na distribuição da pressão plantar pode ter conseqüências na vida diária dos indivíduos, afetando sua locomoção, a realização de tarefas e seu equilíbrio corporal, uma vez que este depende da massa corporal imposta sobre as articulações que suportam o corpo. Ainda, o excesso de tecido adiposo leva a sobrecarga das articulações, principalmente joelho e tornozelo, levando a dores e desconfortos. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência da obesidade mórbida na distribuição da pressão plantar e na percepção de dor nos pés de indivíduos obesos mórbidos no pré-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica. Dez indivíduos obesos mórbidos participaram do estudo, que ocorreu na cidade de Florianópolis/SC. Para a avaliação da distribuição da pressão plantar, picos de pressão plantar e deslocamento do centro de pressão (COP), utilizou-se um sistema de baropodometria computadorizado, Emed-AT (Novel, Alemanha). Foram também coletados dados relativos à presença de doenças associadas à obesidade e dores na região dos pés. A coleta dos dados foi realizada no dia anterior a cirurgia bariátrica a que se submeteram os indivíduos. A partir do uso da estatística descritiva, observou-se a prevalência do gênero feminino entre os participantes do estudo (80%), que obtiveram média de idade de 34 anos e média de IMC de 39,54 kg/m². Os maiores valores de pico de pressão plantar e pressão plantar média foram encontrados na região do hálux, seguido pelas cabeças dos primeiro, segundo e terceiro metatarsos, ocorrendo correlação significativa entre o IMC e os picos de pressão plantar para as regiões do mediopé e hálux e entre o IMC e a pressão plantar média para a região do mediopé (p<0,05). O deslocamento medial do COP mostrou-se mais provável de ocorrer entre os participantes do estudo, ainda que tenham sido encontradas diferenças entre os valores de cada pé em um mesmo indivíduo. O índice do arco plantar mostrou que os obesos participantes apresentaram tipo de pé caracterizado como normal; cinco indivíduos relataram não sentir dores na região do pé, enquanto entre os participantes restantes, a dor foi presente durante a deambulação, durante a posição estática ou durante as duas situações, tendo intensidade média de 6,2 cm de acordo com a Escala Visual Analógica. A doença associada mais prevalente foi a hipertensão arterial sistêmica, relatada por cinco indivíduos. A partir dos resultados encontrados, concluiu-se que há influência da obesidade mórbida sobre a distribuição plantar, mas não se pode afirmar que haja influência sobre a percepção de dor nos indivíduos do estudo.

Orientador: Daniele Cristina Cataneo / Resumo: Introdução: A obesidade é o acúmulo de gordura anormal ou excessiva que representa um risco potencial à saúde. A cirurgia bariátrica consiste em uma alternativa de tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade mórbida, permitindo uma perda de peso expressiva e duradoura com consequente melhoria das comorbidades associadas. A obesidade está associada a alterações da mecânica ventilatória e constitui um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de complicações pulmonares no pós-operatório de cirurgias abdominais. Objetivo: Verificar se os testes de função respiratória, de força muscular respiratória e de exercícios são capazes de predizer complicações no pós-operatório em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. Método: Foram avaliados 174 pacientes (81% mulheres) submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica, no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. Todos os pacientes foram submetidos à medidas antropométricas, testes de espirometria, medida de pico de fluxo expiratório, manovacuometria, teste de caminhada de seis minutos e teste de escada. Os dados foram colhidos no período pré-operatório e correlacionados com as complicações pós-operatórias, incluindo as complicações cardiopulmonares e cirúrgicas. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 41,59 ± 10,70 anos. O índice de massa corpórea variou de 35,44 a 62,79 Kg/m2, com média de 46,74 ± 6,35 Kg/m2. As comorbidades mais prevalentes foram: hipertensão arterial sistêmica, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia e hipotireoidismo. A taxa de compli... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: Obesity is the accumulation of abnormal or excessive fat which represents a potential health risk. The bariatric surgery consists of an alternative for surgical treatment of morbid obesity, thus allowing significant and lasting weight loss with consequent improvement of the related comorbidities. Obesity is associated with the changes in the ventilatory mechanics and poses a risk factor for the development of pulmonary complications in the post-operative period of abdominal surgeries. Objective: Check whether the respiratory function tests, the respiratory muscle strength and the exercises are able to foresee post-operative complications in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methodo: 174 patients (81% women) undergoing bariatric surgery were evaluated at the Clinical Hospital of the Botucatu School of Medicine. All the patients were submitted to anthropometric measures, spyrometry tests, the measurement of peak expiratory flow, manovacuometry, a 6-minute walking test and stair-climbing test. The data were collected in the pre-operative and correlated with the post-operative complications, including both the cardiopulmonary and surgical complications. Results: The average age was 41,59 ± 10,70 years. The BMI (Body Mass Index) varied from 35,44 to 62,79 kg/m2 with an average of 46,74 ± 6,35 kg/m2. The most prevalent comorbidities were: systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and hypothyroidism. The post-operative complication rate was a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor