The work deals with issue of workers motivation on projects managed by method of Theory of constraints (TOC) which improves efficiency of projects. But this management method requires completely different manner of project workers consideration which can be unnatural for many people. This can cause same problems that in extreme cases may involve unsuccessful implementation of TOC. This is the reason why importance of motivation rapidly increases in connection with deployment and sustainment of Critical Chain Project Management. Main goals of this work are to describe most important differences between TOC and original methods of project management, to indentify impact of TOC on project workers, and (in relationship with previous findings) to evaluate existing theories of motivation and make a proposal of some measures for people motivation which are based on these theories.

Volunteering in non-profit organizations is characteristic for Nordic countries and Sweden especially. The most common gender division is, that men tend to be active within sports clubs, often in leading positions or as members at the board. For women it is more common to be part of social organizations, taking care of others. With this existing knowledge as a starting point, this study examines what motivates young men in Sweden who takes part in organizations that practice activities typically coded as feminine. The study is qualitative as we want to examine the intentions, and the feelings participants have about their engagement in these organizations. The collected data was analyzed through thematic analysis. For the purpose of this undergraduate dissertation the authors have studied an organization called Vän In Umeå and interviewed five young men involved in the organization as well as had informal conversations with women working in it. The theoretical framework for the study is based upon the concept of social capital, social exchange theory and theory of motivation. The results show that the young men´s social capital is important for how and if the engagement arises and develops. Another finding is that the will to grow as a person and to be a part of something bigger motivates the men in their volunteering, as well as feelings of doing something of value for another person.

Recent research in Australia has found that people with a mental illness experience higher mortality rates from preventable illnesses, such as cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease and diabetes compared to the general population. Lifestyle and other behavioural factors contribute significantly to these illnesses. Lifestyle behaviours that affect these illnesses include lack of physical activity, consumption of a poor diet and cigarette smoking. Research on the influence of these factors has been mainly directed towards the mainstream population in Australia. Consequently, there remains limited understanding of health behaviours among individuals with psychiatric disabilities, their health needs, or factors influencing their participation in protective health behaviours. This thesis presents findings from two studies. Study 1 evaluated the utility of the main components of Roger’s (1983) Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) to explain health behaviours among people with a mental illness. A clinical population of individuals with schizophrenia (N=83), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) (N=70) and individuals without a mental illness (N=147) participated in the study. Respondents provided information on intentions and self-reported behaviour of engaging in physical activity, following a low-fat diet, and stopping smoking. Study 2 investigated the health care service needs of people with psychiatric disabilities (N=20). Results indicated that the prevalence of overweight, cigarette smoking and a sedentary lifestyle were significantly greater among people with a mental illness compared to that reported for individuals without a mental illness. Major predictors of the lack of intentions to adopt health behaviours among individuals with schizophrenia and MDD were high levels of fear of cardiovascular disease, lack of knowledge of correct dietary principles, lower self-efficacy, a limited social support network and a high level of psychiatric symptoms. In addition, findings demonstrated that psychiatric patients are disproportionately higher users of medical services, but they are under-users of preventive medical care services. These differences are primarily due to a lack of focus on preventive health, feelings of disempowerment and lower satisfaction of patient-doctor relationships. Implications of these results are discussed in terms of designing education and preventive programs for individuals with schizophrenia and MDD.

Magister Pharmaceuticae - MPharm / Prior to 2007, South Africa’s government became concerned about the loss and inability to retain certain professionals in its employment. Health human resources were distributed in favour of the private sector and urban areas while rural areas survived on a meagre portion of health employees. In 2007, the government introduced a re-designed remuneration structure for individual skilled professions namely, Occupation Specific Dispensation (OSD), with the goal to attract and retain professionals. This study qualitatively explores the perceptions of public sector employment (PSE) by pharmacists to extract how OSD-policy may or may not be succeeding. It also investigates the opinions of pharmacists on the promotional structure of OSD and opportunity for career advancement (CA) as a possible indication of organisational commitment. Participants were recruited from four career streams in OSD’s structure, all employed in the Department of Health, Provincial Government of the Western Cape. In the first stage of data collection, one-on-one interviews were conducted with key-informants which consisted of policy specialists (n=2) and management (n=2). In the second stage, focus group interviews were conducted comprising of production and supervisory pharmacists (n=27). Sampling strategies encompassed purposive, snowball and stratified sampling to ensure saturation of data and provide comparisons between groups and sub-groups. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts was performed using inductive coding in the first stage and apriori coding in the second stage. Themes and sub-themes were “reflexed” onto Human Resource and Work Motivation Theory by engaging a three question reflexive framework to ensure consistency in the interpretation of results. Eleven major themes emerged: overlapping of salary grades; variety of positions; being a manager of professionals; envisioning promotion; pay versus responsibility; pay equity and expectancy; OSD and attraction; OSD and retention; over-time and after-hours remuneration; interpreting OSD; and using unions to negotiate policy for professionals. 41 sub-themes that emerged were positively, negatively or neutrally connected to perceptions of PSE or CA. Positive sub-themes of PSE is that OSD has “ensured that entry level positions are extremely attractive” and OSD is “attracting more junior pharmacists to management positions”. Negative sub-themes of PSE include that a “retention strategy for experienced pharmacists tends to be neglected” and “some work related factors may nullify retention strategies”. Negative or stagnant perceptions of PSE produce an image that fails to care for individual employee needs and tarnishes the image of public sector employment. Positive sub-themes of CA are that OSD now “permits individual freedom of career path choice” and OSD “has created a variety positions through a broadened post structure”. Negative subthemes of CA are that “experienced pharmacists stagnate in their career” and “supervisors have a lot more responsibilities but get paid the same as production pharmacists”. Since the perception of career mobility is related to organizational commitment and retention, negative perceptions of career advancement may result in apprehension to develop via promotion or career path change. This can lead to employee boredom, complacency or frustration of career ambitions and eventual loss of staff. Some aspects of OSD, such as overlapping of salary grades, should be addressed by policy-developers to ensure the successful accomplishment of policy goals.

Abstract Employee violations of IS security policies is recognized as a key concern for organizations. Although interest in IS security has risen in recent years, little empirical research has examined this problem. To address this research gap, this dissertation identifies deliberate IS security policy violations as a phenomenon unique from other forms of computer abuse. To better understand this phenomenon, three guidelines for researching deliberate IS security violations are proposed. An analysis of previous behavioral IS security literature shows that no existing study meets more than one of these guidelines. Using these guidelines as a basis, this dissertation examines IS security policy violations using three theoretical models drawn from the following perspectives: neutralization theory, rational choice theory, and protection motivation theory. Three field studies involving surveys of 1,423 professional respondents belonging to 7 organizations across 47 countries were performed for empirical testing of the models. The findings of these studies identify several factors that strongly predict intentions to violate IS security policies. These results significantly increase our understanding of why employees choose to violate IS security policies and provide empirically-grounded implications for how practitioners can improve employee IS security policy compliance.

Healthcare personnel (HCP) frequently wear gloves when they care for patients in Standard Precautions to prevent contact with potentially infectious blood or body fluids. When HCP use gloves appropriately they reduce the risk of cross-contamination and decrease the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAI). However, if HCP use gloves inappropriately they may inadvertently spread pathogens to patients and the patients’ environment. This study used a descriptive structured observational design to investigate three aspects of HCP glove use in a United States long-term care facility (LTCF). First, the PI examined the degree of inappropriate HCP glove use in a random sample of 76 HCP. Results indicate that the HCP used gloves inappropriately, failing to change gloves 66% of the time when a glove change was indicated. Over 44% of the HCP gloved touch points were defined as contaminated. Second, the PI examined the reliability of a new glove use tool (GUST). Results indicate the GUST is a reliable tool when used by trained observers documenting HCP glove use during toileting and perineal care events in LTCF, with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC 2,1) over 0.75 for indicators of inappropriate glove use. Third, exploratory analysis indicated significant differences between inappropriate glove use in females and males. Female HCP had significantly more failed glove changes and contaminated touch points than male HCP in this study (p = 0.003). Future research studies should assess US HCP glove use to provide data needed for development of strategies to improve HCP glove use and reduce HAI.

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the current state of a selected company with the aid of methods that analyze the internal and external environment, a survey based research, an interview and an analysis of the labor market wages. Based on this data, the motivation and satisfaction of employees will be made suggestions, which should lead to the improvement of current motivation system within the company.

The thesis focuses on the construction of the work motivation theory in the socialist management discourse in the 1950s' Czechoslovakia. For that purpose, two texts representing two periods (1951 and 1957) were selected and subjected to critical discourse analysis. The analysis focused on characterising the place of production, the producers and the audience as well as on characterising the construed theory and the method of its construction. Furthermore, a change in the discourse was described; the fact that certain discourse schemes were applied prior to the onset of the communist power was pointed out; and certain differences in terms of construction of work motivation theories in the liberal West were illustrated. In connection with Foucault's concepts of subjectification and disciplination, it was shown that the socialist discourse can be understood as a method of construction of the specific subjectivity of the workforce, used in a strategy of distribution of human working potential of all citizens of the State that corresponded with the application of extensive economy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Det centrala ämnet för studien är skolbibliotekets roll för elevers läsmotivation. Tidigare forskning har visat att det saknas kunskap inom området. Det har också visat sig att det skiljer sig mellan olika skolors skolbibliotek även om Skollagen trycker på att det ska finnas en likvärdighet för elevers tillgång till skolbibliotek. Studiens syfte med denna uppsats är att öka kunskapen om hur lärare uppfattar skolbibliotekets roll för att främja elevers läsmotivation vid skolor i Sävsjö kommun. För att undersöka lärarnas uppfattningar om skolbibliotekets roll för elevers läsmotivation används den sociokognitiva motivationsteorin i kombination med en kvalitativ analys med semi-strukturerade intervjuer. I studien intervjuades åtta olika lärare på fyra olika skolor i Sävsjö kommun. Detta för att se på likheter och skillnader inom kommunen. Det har visat sig i studien att det finns goda förutsättningar för skolbiblioteket att fungera som en motivationshöjare i form av det utbud som erbjuds samt lärares arbete med att inkludera skolbiblioteket i undervisningen. Utbudet i skolbiblioteken uppdateras årligen med nya böcker som lärare och elever får vara med och tipsa om. Samarbetet mellan lärarna och de ansvariga i skolbiblioteken/skolbibliotekarierna är näst intill obefintligt även att det visat sig att ett gott samarbete gynnar elevers läsmotivation. Trots detta finns det en efterfrågan att öka samarbete från båda parterna. / The central theme of the study is the role of the school library for student reading motivation. Previous research has shown that there is a lacking of knowledge in this area. It has also been found that there is a difference between schools' school libraries, although The education act stresses that there should be an equivalence for students' access to school libraries. The purpose of this study is to increase the knowledge of how teachers perceive the role of the school library in promoting pupils' reading motivation at schools in the municipality of Sävsjö. To examine teachers' perceptions of the role of the school library for student reading motivation, sociocognitive motivation theory is used in combination with a qualitative analysis with semi-structured interviews. In the study, eight different teachers were interviewed at four different schools in the municipality of Sävsjö. This is to compare similarities and differences within the municipality. It has shown, in the study, that there are good conditions for the school library to function as a motivational enhancer in the form of the range offered and teachers' efforts to include the school library in teaching. The offerings in the school libraries are updated annually with new books that teachers and pupils can take part in and advise on. The collaboration between the teachers and those in charge in the school libraries / school librarians is almost non-existent, even when it has been found that good cooperation favors student reading motivation. Nevertheless, there is a demand for increased cooperation from both parties.

User information security behavior has been an area of growing demand in information systems (IS) research. Unfortunately, most of the previous research done in user information security behavior have been in broad contexts, therefore creating a gap in the literature of similar research that focuses on specific emerging technologies and trends. With the growing reliance on mobile devices to increase the flexibility, speed and efficiency in how we work, communicate, shop, seek information and entertain ourselves, it is obvious that these devices have become data warehouses and platform for data in transit. This study was an empirical and quantitative study that gathered data leveraging a web-survey. Prior to conducting the survey for the main data collection, a Delphi study and pilot study were conducted. Convenience sampling was the category of nonprobability sampling design used to gather data. The 7-Point Likert Scale was used on all survey items. Pre-analysis data screening was conducted prior to data analysis. The Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data gathered from a total of 390 responses received. The results of this study showed that perceived threat severity has a negative effect on protection motivation, while perceived threat susceptibility has a positive effect on protection motivation. Contrarily, the results from this study did not show that perceived response cost influences protection motivation. Response efficacy and mobile self-efficacy had a significant positive influence on protection motivation. Mobile device security usage showed to be significantly influenced positively by protection motivation. This study brings additional insight and theoretical implications to the existing literature. The findings reveal the PMT’s capacity to predict user behavior based on threat and coping appraisals within the context of mobile device security usage. Additionally, the extension of the PMT for the research model of this study implies that mobile devices users also can take recommended responses to protect their devices from security threats.