Yes / We investigated associations between food choice motives and psychological determinants of dietary health behaviour change (nutrition self-efficacy, NS-E, and health locus of control, HLoC) among 9381 participants (18–65 years, 49.4% females) from nine European countries. Price was the highest rated food choice motive. Higher importance of all motives was associated with higher NS-E and with higher Internal HLoC. Relationships between food choice motives and External HLoC were also in the expected direction in showing negative associations with Health, Natural Content, Weight Control, Mood and Sensory Appeal. Higher External HLoC was also associated with perceived greater importance of ‘external’ motives Ethical Concern, Familiarity and Convenience. Relationships between External HLoC and food choice motives were not all in the expected direction. Price was unrelated to External HLoC. Females rated the importance of all motives higher than males. People with less education ascribed greater importance to Price in motivating food choices. Together, these findings imply that self-efficacy and health locus of control should be considered along with motivations for food choice in dietary health promotion. / The Food4me project received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Frame work Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under Grant agreement n265494.

Brian John Hooper. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-149). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Preface --- p.iv / Introduction --- p.vi / Chapter Chapter One: --- """The Matrix and Fusion in Hong Kong Anglophone Literature""" --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter Two: --- """The Matrix and its Malcontents in Acheson's Flagrant Harbour´ح" --- p.39 / Chapter Chapter Three: --- """Lee's Running Dog´ح" --- p.65 / Chapter Chapter Four: --- """Mo's Signifying Monkey King""" --- p.76 / Conclusion --- p.106 / Bibliography --- p.109

The Enigma of Appearances is an examination into the medium of three-dimensional photography, with particular focus on the technique of stereoscopy. Invented in the mid-Victorian era, stereoscopy was an attempt to simulate natural three-dimensional perception via a combination of optics, neurology, and a pair of dissimilar images. Whilst successful in producing a powerful illusion of spatial depth and tangibility, the illusion produced by stereoscopy is anything but ??natural??, when compared to three-dimensional perception observed with the naked eye. Rather, stereoscopic photography creates a strange and unnatural interpretation of three-dimensional reality, devoid of atmosphere, movement and sound, where figures appear frozen in mid-motion, like waxwork models, or embalmed creatures in a museum. However, it is precisely stereoscopic photography??s unique and enigmatic interpretation of three-dimensional reality, which gives it its strength, separating it from being a mere ??realistic?? recording of the natural world. This thesis examines the unique cultural position that stereoscopy has occupied since its invention in 1838, from its early role as a tool for the study of binocular vision, to its phenomenal popularity as a form of mass entertainment in the second half of the 19th century, to its emergence in contemporary fine art practice in the late 20th and 21stt centuries. Additionally, The Enigma of Appearances gives a detailed analysis of the theory of spatial depth perception; it discusses the dichotomy between naturalia versus artificialia in relation to stereoscopic vision; and finally, traces the development of experimental studio practice and research into stereoscopic photography, undertaken for this MFA between 2005 and 2007. The resulting work, Camera Mortuaria (Italian for ??Mortuary Room??), is a powerful and innovative series of anaglyptic portraits, based upon an experimental stereoscopic technique that enables the production of extreme close-up three-dimensional photography. Applying this technique to the reproduction of the human face in three-dimensional form, Camera Mortuaria presents a series of ??photo sculptures??, which hover between reality and illusion, pushing the boundaries of stills photography to the limit, and beyond.

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The Enigma of Appearances is an examination into the medium of three-dimensional photography, with particular focus on the technique of stereoscopy. Invented in the mid-Victorian era, stereoscopy was an attempt to simulate natural three-dimensional perception via a combination of optics, neurology, and a pair of dissimilar images. Whilst successful in producing a powerful illusion of spatial depth and tangibility, the illusion produced by stereoscopy is anything but ??natural??, when compared to three-dimensional perception observed with the naked eye. Rather, stereoscopic photography creates a strange and unnatural interpretation of three-dimensional reality, devoid of atmosphere, movement and sound, where figures appear frozen in mid-motion, like waxwork models, or embalmed creatures in a museum. However, it is precisely stereoscopic photography??s unique and enigmatic interpretation of three-dimensional reality, which gives it its strength, separating it from being a mere ??realistic?? recording of the natural world. This thesis examines the unique cultural position that stereoscopy has occupied since its invention in 1838, from its early role as a tool for the study of binocular vision, to its phenomenal popularity as a form of mass entertainment in the second half of the 19th century, to its emergence in contemporary fine art practice in the late 20th and 21stt centuries. Additionally, The Enigma of Appearances gives a detailed analysis of the theory of spatial depth perception; it discusses the dichotomy between naturalia versus artificialia in relation to stereoscopic vision; and finally, traces the development of experimental studio practice and research into stereoscopic photography, undertaken for this MFA between 2005 and 2007. The resulting work, Camera Mortuaria (Italian for ??Mortuary Room??), is a powerful and innovative series of anaglyptic portraits, based upon an experimental stereoscopic technique that enables the production of extreme close-up three-dimensional photography. Applying this technique to the reproduction of the human face in three-dimensional form, Camera Mortuaria presents a series of ??photo sculptures??, which hover between reality and illusion, pushing the boundaries of stills photography to the limit, and beyond.

Bakgrund: Under Covid-19 pandemin rasade den fysiska handeln i snabb takt och redan i april 2020 hade den minskat med 23 procent i Sverige och lika mycket i Finland. Detta har däremot resulterat i att e-handeln vuxit kraftigt. I samband med att e-handeln har ökat har många företag som målsättning att vara mer kundcentrerade och leverera anpassade kundupplevelser. Däremot har många företag förlorat sin konkurrenskraft genom att förbise sin kundkännedom under Covid-19 pandemin.Problematiken i denna studie grundar sig i att pandemin fortfarande pågår och i dagsläget är det ännu oklart hur länge den kommer att fortsätta. På grund av detta behövs insikter från vetenskaplig forskning om hur konsumenter från olika länder beter sig vid e-handelsköp under en pandemi. Företag måste ha kunskap kring vad som motiverar konsumenter till e-handelsköp för att inte förlora sin plats på marknaden, vilket är vad denna studie syftar till att bidra med. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka motivationsfaktorerna till att konsumenter handlar online under Covid-19 pandemin och studera om dessa motivationsfaktorer skiljer sig åt mellan konsumenter i Sverige och Finland. Metod: I denna studie har en kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie tillämpats för att besvara studiens forskningsfrågor och syfte. Studiens data har samlats in med hjälp av en enkätundersökning som besvarades av 118 respondenter från Sverige och Finland. Resultat och slutsats: Resultatet i denna studie visar att konsumenter motiverats av utilitaristiska och hedoniska faktorer samt situationsfaktorer under Covid-19 pandemin. Resultatet visade inga signifikanta skillnader mellan vad som motiverar svenska konsumenter i jämförelse med finska konsumenter. Däremot så visar resultatet att de svenska kvinnliga konsumenterna motiverats mer än de finska konsumenterna gällande situationsfaktorerna under Covid-19 pandemin. Detta anser vi kan bero på att Sveriges aningen diffusa restriktioner resulterat i att de svenska kvinnliga konsumenterna behövt agera förnuftigt.Studien visade också i att den yngre konsumenten i åldern 15–25 motiverats mest av de hedoniska faktorerna under Covid-19 pandemin. I denna studie drog vi slutsatsen att detta kan bero på att den yngre konsumenten haft mest fritid över under pandemin då flertalet platser som ofta besöks av denna åldersgrupp stängts ned. Bidrag: Studiens bidrar med teoretisk kunskap om att svenska och finska konsumenter överlag har ett likartat köpbeteende. Den bidrar också med kunskapen om att svenska kvinnliga konsumenter motiverats mer av situationsfaktorerna än finska kvinnliga konsumenter under Covid-19 pandemin. Studien bidrar också med kunskap om att den yngre konsumenten i åldern 15–25 motiveras mest av de undersökta åldrarna av de hedoniska faktorerna vid e-handelsköp. Bidraget antyder således att företag bör fokusera på att ta hänsyn till hedoniska samt psykologiska faktorer vid skapandet av e-handelsprocesser och marknadsstrategier. Utifrån resultatet kan företagen dessutom betrakta de svenska och finska konsumenterna som lika i sitt köpbeteende vilket kan vara värdefull information för företag som verkar globalt. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Vi anser det vore intressant att studera studiens forskningsfråga utifrån två andra länders perspektiv och då välja två länder som till synes är olika. Det vore även intressant att fördjupa sig i skillnaderna mellan kön kopplat till motivationsfaktorerna, då vi funnit resultat som visar att det finns en skillnad mellan kvinnors köpbeteende i Sverige och Finland i vår studie. Det skulle dessutom vara intressant med forskning som studerar skillnaden mellan motivationsfaktorer för e-handelsköp baserat på olika produkt- eller marknadssegment / Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic, physical trade collapsed at a rapid pace and already in April 2020 it had decreased by 23 percent in Sweden and Finland. This has resulted in e-commerce growing sharply. In connection with the increase in e-commerce, many companies aim to be more customer-centric and deliver customized customer experiences. However, many companies have lost their competitiveness by overlooking their customer knowledge during the Covid-19 pandemic.The problem in this study is that the pandemic is still ongoing and at present it is still unclear how long it will continue. Because of this, insights from scientific research are needed on how consumers from different countries behave in e-commerce purchases during a pandemic. Companies must have knowledge of what motivates consumers to buy e-commerce in order not to lose their place in the market, which is what this study aims to contribute. Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate the motivational factors for consumers to shop online during the Covid-19 pandemic and to study whether these motivational factors differ between consumers in Sweden and Finland. Method: In this study, a quantitative cross-sectional study has been applied to answer the study's research questions and purpose. The study data were collected using a questionnaire that was answered by 118 respondents from Sweden and Finland. Results and conclusion: The results of this study show that consumers are motivated by utilitarian and hedonic factors as well as situational factors during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results showed no significant differences between what motivates Swedish consumers in comparison with Finnish consumers. On the other hand, the results show that Swedish female consumers are more motivated than Finnish consumers regarding the situational factors during the Covid-19 pandemic. We believe this may be due to the fact that Sweden's somewhat diffuse restrictions have resulted in Swedish female consumers having to act sensibly.The study also showed that the younger consumer aged 15–25 was most motivated by the hedonic factors during the Covid-19 pandemic. In this study, we concluded that this may be due to the fact that the younger consumer had the most free time during the pandemic as most places that are often visited by this age group were closed. Contribution: The study contributes with theoretical knowledge that Swedish and Finnish consumers generally have a similar buying behavior. It also contributes to the knowledge that Swedish female consumers are more motivated by situational factors than Finnish female consumers during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study also contributes with the knowledge that the younger consumer between the ages of 15 and 25 is motivated most by the examined ages by the hedonic factors in e-commerce purchases. The grant thus suggests that companies should focus on taking hedonic and psychological factors into account when creating e-commerce processes and marketing strategies. Based on the results, companies can also regard Swedish and Finnish consumers as equal in their buying behavior, which can be valuable information for companies that operate globally. Suggestions for further research: We think it would be interesting to study the study's research question from the perspective of two other countries and then choose two countries that are seemingly different. It would also be interesting to delve into the differences between the sexes linked to the motivational factors, as we found results that show that there is a difference between women's buying behavior in Sweden and Finland in our study. It would also be interesting with research that studies the difference between motivational factors for e-commerce purchases based on different product or market segments.

In conclusion, the main conclusions are presented –in case of innovative changes, it is necessary to form a pilot team consisting of younger engineers and managers with expressed motives for achieving coping strategies for solving problems in stressful situations and a dominant strategy of behavior in conflict of interest, this will be the main factor influencing the success of implementation. Due to the fact that for managers and specialists of older age categories, the dominant motive will be the motive of avoidance and compromise and cooperation as behavioral strategies, which may negatively affect the implementation results due to the concealment of information about the implementation progress. / В работе показано, что при инновационных изменениях необходимо формировать пилотажную команду состоящую из более молодых инженеров и руководителей с выраженными мотивами достижения придерживающихся копинг-стратегий разрешения проблем в стрессовой ситуаций и доминирующей стратегией поведения в конфликте сотрудничество, это и будет основной фактор влияния успешности внедрения. В связи с тем что у руководителей и специалистов более старшей возрастной категорий доминирующим мотивом будут выступать мотив избегания и в качестве стратегий поведения компромисс и сотрудничество, что может негативно повлиять на результаты внедрения в виду сокрытия информаций о ходе внедрения.

В данной работе проводится разработка рекомендаций по внедрению элементов корпоративного волонтерства, создающих условия для развития организационной лояльности. / In this work, recommendations are being developed for the introduction of elements of corporate volunteering that create conditions for the development of organizational loyalty.

Im Rahmen zweier Studien im Leistungssport werden die Effekte bewusster und unbewusster Faktoren auf implizite und explizite Motive untersucht. Es kann die Distinktheit der Vorhersagebereiche impliziter und expliziter Motivdiagnostik repliziert werden. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, dass die handlungsführenden Effekte impliziter und expliziter Motive jeweils exklusiv durch unbewusste Impulskontrolle und bewusste Selbststeuerungskompetenzen moderiert werden. Allein implizite Prozesse (implizite Motive, Impulskontrolle) besitzen prognostischen Wert für sportliches Leisten in Situationen die unbewusst verarbeitet werden. Explizite Prozesse (explizite Motive, bewusste Selbststeuerung) hingegen sagen sportliches Leisten in bewusst verarbeiteten Situationen des sportlichen Wettkampfs vorher. Die differentielle Prognostizität direkter und indirekter Motivdiagnostik in der Sportpsychologie kann durch die Berücksichtigung adäquater Faktoren verbessert werden. Aufgrund der Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit ist bei der Auswahl adäquater Persönlichkeitsvariablen darauf zu achten, dass das zu prognostizierende Kriterium und die Erhebungsmethodik bezüglich ihres Grades an bewusster Bearbeitung miteinander übereinstimmen. / The effects of conscious and unconscious factors on implicit and explicit motives were examined in the context of two studies. The distinct array of prediction by implicit and explicit motive diagnostic can be replicated. Though it was possible to provide evidence for the exclusive moderation of implicit motives by unconscious activity inhibition while explicit motives were moderated by conscious skills of self-regulation. Only the implicit processes (implicit motives and activity inhibition) proof a value to predicting human activity in situations coped without consciousness. In contrast only explicit processes (explicit motives and conscious skills of self-regulation) can predict the outcome of behaviour in situations coped with consciousness. The results of that paper can improve the differential prediction of direct and indirect motive diagnostic by regarding the adequate moderator factors. Further investigations will have the ability to improve the value of motivational predictors if they consider, that the level of consciousness is consistent within the situation of ascertainment the motivational predictor and the situation the criteria is imposed.

Uppsatsen, Från sponsorskap till Partnerskap, grundar sig i relationen mellan rättshavare och sponsor. Den berör de motiv och faktorer som kan göra ett sponsorskap mer attraktivt, både ur rättshavare och sponsors perspektiv, samt hur man kan öka effekten av relationen.Idrottsrelaterade sponsorinvesteringar har ökat markant i Sverige under senare år. Samtidigt har sponsorskapet blivit allt mer komplext och kommit till en punkt där rättshavare har svårt att möta sponsorns behov. Allt fler företag ställer högre krav på avkastning och efterfrågar också andra värden i sponsorskapet. Transaktionen, pengar mot exponering, som tidigare definierat sponsring har förändrats och är nu inne i ett paradigmskifte. Företag har identifierat andra värden, motiv och potential i sponsorskapet vilket har medfört ett allt mer relationsbaserat fokus där engagemang, förtroende och kommunikation blivit centrala delar för att skapa en starkare attraktionskraft. Denna förändring har också medfört att rättshavarens medvetenhet och förståelse kring företagens sponsormotiv samt effektkrav ställts på prov. Organisatoriska och verktygsmässiga förändringar hos rättshavare krävs för att kunna stärka attraktionskraften gentemot andra rättshavare, idrotter och marknadskanaler, detta genom en övergång från renodlat sponsorskap till en partnerverksamhet.Denna uppsats syftar därför till att undersöka vilka behov företag har av sponsring samt identifiera en struktur för partnerskapet. Uppsatsen syftar även till att skapa en djupare förståelse för företags behov samt vikten av att rättshavare paketerar och profilerar sin verksamhet på ett gynnsamt sätt. Utifrån litteraturen och empirin har vi definierat sponsorskapets fundament vilket också kan appliceras som grunden i ett partnerskap. Uppsatsen tar upp de grundläggande motiv för sponsring samt de parametrar och värden som särskiljer begreppen sponsorskap och partnerskap. En annan central del som har identifierats i denna uppsats, och som stöds både i litteraturen och empirin, är vikten av ett ökat samhällsengagemang. CSR-arbetet (corporate social responsibility) har blivit ett starkt växande verksamhetsområde hos de Allsvenska fotbollsklubbarna och är i många fall direkt avgörande för verksamhetens sponsorintäkter. / Whilst sport sponsorship investments has increased rapidly in Sweden over the past years, it has also reached a point of where the right holders have difficulties to meet the sponsors demand for more articulated outcomes. More and more companies view the sponsorship as more than a mere communication platform of mixed communication activities such as PR, direct on-sales and exposure. Sponsors now start to see the true potential of sponsorship, whereas the relationship could bring more to the company than the sponsorship offer; money in exchange for commercial access. In order to meet this demand the property organizations (in this paper, mostly referred to as the football clubs) have to look for reconstruction of their operations. A turn from the expression “sponsor”, to “partner” can be seen throughout the Swedish football world, though has little actual operational change been set to practice. This paper seeks to examine the new demands set from sponsors as well as identify the true nature of the partnership structure. We believe that with a deeper understanding of sponsor demands the property organizations can create a conceptualized and attractive profile, as well as add structural change into the operations, which could be beneficial for both parties.With help from literature we define sponsorship, which will be viewed as the fundamentals of partnership. Relevant B2B-relationship theories, such as commitment, trust and communication will be applied as cornerstones to a successful partner relationship. The empirical studies, showing that there is a demand for more communicative CSR-activities in the clubs, will be combined with earlier research on the subject of CRSS, cause-related sport sponsorship to highlight the importance of profiling.