This study has taken place in Mullsjö at Kongsberg Automotive (KA). The purpose of the study was to evaluate how to construct an easy mountable gearknob to the lowest cost based on design and functionality by using the techniques of concept generation and sifting. The knob is intended to be integrated in a Shift-ByWire shifter and generate prototypes through SLS. Researchers followed a concept study methodology following an abductive approach, to generate an appropriate mechanical design for the gearknob. Concepts were formed by a brainstorming process, followed by weighing criteria for the knob and were finalised by evaluating the formed concepts using a Pughs Matrix constructed by the researches. Relevant literature of mechanical designs processes was reviewed to develop the theoretical framework. In addition, data was collected from Kongsberg´s computer system and unstructured interviews with employees within certain specific areas to gain additional understanding. In cooperation with supervisors, pros and cons analysis of cost, functionality and mounting capability were used to enable the researchers to draw recommendations for mechanical designs meeting the requirements of specification. The study resulted in several findings in relation to each research question. In general, a gear knob has been constructed using SLS that can be both used for mounting and demounting purposes. In addition, this construction met the specification of requirements by KA. The Printed Circuit Board (PCB) were constructed using the geometrics in the inherent components of the knob. The study further resulted in a leather gaiter that were constructed as a link between the dashboard and the knob. Results from this study imply that more screws would be used for mounting different components in the prototype phase, which will impact the view on criteria for forthcoming knobs and their mounting methods. In addition, data collection have also shown that snaps in chromium details easily break, which can also further question the use of chromium snaps for dismantling purposes. Finalised recommendations for the gearknob met the requirements of specification since researchers constructed the most simple mounting on the current surface design. Researchers conclude that these concepts are applicable and could be presented in a following prototype phase. However, if the knob is to be produced, researchers do not have enough support regarding the liquid injection moulding, which requires to be further considered. Materials will require the design constructed in this study to be modified. / Arbetet har skett i Mullsjö på Kongsberg Automotive (KA). Syftet med studien var att konstruera en lättmonterad växelspaksknopp till lägsta kostnad utifrån design och funktionalitet. Detta baserat på konceptgenerering och sållningstekniker. Knoppen kommer att integreras i en Shift-by-Wire växelspak och tillverkas i SLS prototyper. Arbetet är en konceptstudie som har följt en abduktiv ansats. Tidigare konstruktionslösningar har studerats för att få kunskap om hur en knopp utformas. Koncepten har genererats via brainstorming och har följts upp av parvis viktning. Koncepten har sedan sållats med hjälp av Pughs matris. Relevant litteratur inom produktutvecklingsprocesser samt intervjuer med anställda har gett grunden till det teoretiska ramverket. Handledare har givit sin input under hela arbetsprocessen för att hjälpa studenterna att välja rätt koncept utifrån monterbarhet, funktionalitet och pris. Studien har svarat på de tre frågeställningarna som utformats. En knopp i SLS har konstruerats utifrån enkel montering och demontering som möter företagets kravspecifikation. Kretskorten inuti knoppen har formats utefter de ingående delarnas geometrier. Vidare har övergången mellan knopp och centerkonsol resulterat i en läderdamask. Studiens resultat kan få konsekvenser i att mer skruv kommer att användas i prototypfasen vid framtida projekt. Detta kan komma att ändra synen på hur viktigt monterbarheten kan vara i kommande knoppar. Informationsinsamling har också visat att snäppen i kromdetaljer lätt går av och detta kan ifrågasätta användningen av dessa. Vid materialval rekommenderas det att se över konstruktionslösningarna då de uppnådda egenskaperna kan avvika. Arbetet har utformat konstruktionen så att det fungerar bra för SLS prototyper men studenterna kan inte garantera att dessa fungerar om komponenterna ska formsprutas.

Most researchers studying sexual behavior of the bull have adopted the practice of severely restraining and sedating female stimuli, utilizing so-called "service stanchions" and quantifying behavioral events expressed by each bull. Based on these observations, bulls are classified as having high, medium, or low libido and ranked according to their ability to "service" the inanimate stimuli. It has been assumed that these methods represent appropriate measurements of reproductive behavior that will be expressed in a natural mating scenario and that bull sexual behavior can be studied in a manner that is independent of the context of the female. Hence, conventional methods fail to consider the appropriate contexts under which cattle interact sexually. Based on these issues, I investigated the role of unrestrained female stimuli in modulating the expression of male sexual behavior in domesticated bovine. Experiments were conducted to develop a paradigm for studying sexual behavior in bulls within a social setting that permits extensive interactions between males and females. The first experiment tested the hypothesis that female novelty and receptivity interact to govern the expression of mounting behavior in the bull. In this experiment, bulls that were exposed sequentially to 4, novel, estrual females expressed more mounts with intromission than when exposed alternately to two, estrual females or to the same estrual female over a four-hour period. Bulls exposed to a non-estrual female were not allowed to mount and intromit although they readily attempted to mount. A second experiment tested the hypothesis that mounting behavior of bulls exposed sequentially to 4, estrual females in 2 hours would be the same as that in bulls exposed to a group of 4, estrual females for 2 hours. Results suggested that in group mating situations there are differences in how males distribute copulations when presented with unrestrained stimulus females sequentially. Repeatability of sexual behavior was calculated by repeatedly testing bulls paired with either single or multiple unrestrained, estrual females on 8 different occasions and calculating the intraclass correlations. Overall, repeatability was low and indicated a large environmental component. This electronic dissertation contains multimedia video files which allow the reader to visualize representative examples of sexual behavior in Bos taurus.

Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte die Wiederholbarkeit der Aufzeichnung von Unterkiefer-bewegungen und die Steilheit der Kiefergelenkbahn in Abhängigkeit von der Befestigungs-methode der Registrierapparatur an der Unterkieferzahnreihe. Der Untersucher zeichnete dazu in zwei zeitlich getrennten Sitzungen Protrusions- und Mediotrusionsbewegungen von Probanden auf. Er befestigte dabei den Registrierbogen mit drei unterschiedlichen Verfah-ren am Unterkiefer: mit einem okklusionsbedeckenden, periokklusalen Löffel, mit einer Okklusionsklemme und einem paraokklusalen Löffel. Zwei Methoden bedecken die Unterkie-ferzahnreihe und erhöhen die vertikale Kieferrelation. Bei der dritten Methode hingegen befestigte der Untersucher den Unterkieferbogen an den Labialflächen der Unterkieferzähne mit ungestörter habitueller Interkuspidation. Die mittlere, über alle Befestigungsmethoden gemessene, sagittale Gelenkbahnneigung be-trug 44,74 ° bei 3 mm und 42,65 ° bei 5 mm Gelenkbahn. Der Bennett-Winkel nahm Werte von 10,96 ° (3 mm) und 10,17 ° (5 mm) an. Die sagittale Kiefergelenkbahn differierte bei den unterschiedlichen Befestigungsmethoden statistisch signifikant und klinisch relevant. Die Messung mit paraokklusaler Befestigung des Unterkieferbogens erzielte sagittale Kondylen-bahnneigungen, die im Mittel 7,94 ° (3 mm) und 9,46 ° (5 mm) steiler waren als die mit der Okklusionsklemme gemessenen Neigungen. Die Wiederholbarkeit war bei allen Gruppen innerhalb einer Sitzung exzellent, unterschied sich jedoch beim Vergleich beider Sitzungen statistisch signifikant. Die Gelenkbahnaufzeichnung mittels paraokklusaler Befestigung des Unterkieferbogens war exzellent wiederholbar. Unter Benutzung des periokklusalen Löffels und der Okklusionsklemme sank die Reliabilität statistisch signifikant und klinisch relevant ab. Die Untersuchung zeigte darüber hinaus, dass verschiedene Messsysteme mit unterschiedli-chen Bezugsebenen und -punkten arbeiten und die in der Literatur zu findenden Werte für Gelenkbahnneigungen daher kaum vergleichbar sind. Für die Programmierung virtueller und voll adjustierbarer Artikulatoren sollte daher, wenn möglich, die paraokklusale Befestigung für die Messung der Kiefergelenkbahnen Anwendung finden.

This thesis presents the design and implementation of a millimeter-wave Gunn diode oscillator operating at 35 GHz (Ka (R) 26.5-40 GHz Band). The aim of the study is to produce a high frequency, high power signal from a negative resistance device situated in a waveguide cavity by applying a direct current bias. First the physics of Gunn diodes is studied and the requirements that Gunn diode operates within the negative differential resistance region is obtained. Then the best design configuration is selected. The design of the oscillator includes the design of the waveguide housing, diode mounting and the bias insertion network. Some simulation tools are used to predict, approximately, the behaviour of the oscillator and the bias coupling circuit. For tuning purposes, a sliding backshort and a triplescrew- tuner system is used. For different bias values and different positions of the tuning elements oscillations are observed. A much more stable and higher magnitude oscillations were obtained with the inclusion of &ldquo / resonant disc&rdquo / placed on top of the diode. 15 dBm power was measured at a frequency of 28 GHz. Laboratory measurements have been carried out to determine the oscillator frequency, power output and stability for different bias conditions.

Following an increase in hostile foreign activity. The discussion regarding Sweden’s defense force´s ability to perform its task has come to a new heading. With the end of the cold war as a major revolution in matters of international security, a major overhaul has taken place to transform the static total defense plan of the nation to a less rigid operational system. Following an analysis of the budgets total amount from the governments of 2002 until 2015 it is clear that while the amount of resources has never directly been lowered, it has shrunk in relation to the countries total GDP. The possible futures for the defense of Sweden bring three possibilities forward in correlation three unique perspectives on military and political policy. Out of the three possibilities the focus on military strength as a political resource seems to be garnering the most support with the latest incursions made my foreign submersibles and the ever growing presence of 5th generation of warfare. And for as long as the potential threats remain it is unlikely that the current course will change.

This report examined patent activity in two areas of the solar photovoltaic industry — inverters and mounting systems — and suggests that market creation policies contributed to innovation within these solar supply chain component areas. Relying on patent counts, the report found that patent activity for inverters and mounting systems increased substantially between 2005 and 2012. Drawing on economic research and innovation theory, the report asserts that market creation policies explain how the solar industry shifted its innovation focus toward improving downstream technology in the solar “balance of system,” creating opportunity for endogenous growth within the industry. / text

Submitted by RICARDO ZANNI MENDES DA SILVEIRA null (ricazanni@gmail.com) on 2017-06-07T16:11:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Mestrado_Eng_Eletrica_Ricardo_Zanni_2017.pdf: 2344048 bytes, checksum: b519ada02ffab82aa4fa7f014877a9a4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-06-07T16:26:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 silveira_rzm_me_bauru.pdf: 2344048 bytes, checksum: b519ada02ffab82aa4fa7f014877a9a4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T16:26:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 silveira_rzm_me_bauru.pdf: 2344048 bytes, checksum: b519ada02ffab82aa4fa7f014877a9a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-26 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Transdutores piezelétricos são amplamente utilizados em muitos métodos não destrutivos para a detecção de danos estruturais em aplicações de monitoramento de integridade estrutural ou SHM (Structural Health Monitoring). Dentre os vários métodos não destrutivos, a técnica da impedância eletromecânica (E/M) é conhecida por utilizar cerâmicas piezelétricas pequenas e finas que desempenham simultaneamente as funções de atuador e sensor. O método convencional de instalação dessas cerâmicas piezelétricas na estrutura é utilizando um adesivo de alta rigidez como cola a base de epóxi ou cianoacrilato. No entanto, alguns estudos propõem métodos alternativos de instalação do transdutor, visando a sua reutilização ou que permitam o monitoramento em condições adversas sob as quais a instalação direta do sensor não seria possível. Assim, esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta uma análise experimental comparativa entre os principais métodos de acoplamento entre o transdutor piezelétrico e a estrutura monitorada em sistemas de SHM baseados na técnica da impedância eletromecânica (E/M). Os acoplamentos dos transdutores piezelétricos foram realizados pelos métodos da instalação direta, também conhecida como instalação convencional, por acoplamento magnético e lâminas de alumínio. O transdutor utilizado para os métodos de acoplamento foi o diafragma piezelétrico, comumente conhecido como buzzer. Testes com os três métodos de instalação foram realizados em estruturas de alumínio e o dano estrutural foi induzido por meio de adição de massa metálica (porca de aço), fixada diretamente na estrutura com cola a base de cianoacrilato. A análise comparativa entre os métodos de instalação foi realizada utilizando índices de danos obtidos das assinaturas de impedância elétrica dos diafragmas piezelétricos, além da função de resposta em frequência (FRF) e da densidade espectral de potência obtida pelo método da quebra do grafite. Os resultados experimentais apontam características importantes para os métodos de instalação, os quais têm influência significativa sobre a resposta em frequência e sensibilidade para a detecção de danos estruturais. / Piezoelectric transducers are widely used in many non-destructive methods for detecting structural damage in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) applications. Among the various techniques for detecting structural damage, the electromechanical impedance (EMI) technique is known to use fine and small piezoelectric ceramics that simultaneously perform the actuator and sensor functions. The conventional method of installing these piezoelectric ceramics in the structure is by using a high stiffness adhesive such as epoxy or cyanoacrylate based glue. However, some studies propose alternative methods of installing the transducer for reuse or to allow monitoring under adverse conditions under which direct sensor installation would not be possible. Thus, this master's thesis presents a comparative experimental analysis between the main coupling methods between the piezoelectric transducer and the monitored structure in SHM systems based on the electromechanical impedance technique. The piezoelectric transducer couplings were made by direct installation methods, also known as conventional installation, by magnetic coupling and aluminum foils. The transducer used for the coupling methods was the piezoelectric diaphragm, commonly known as buzzer. Tests with these methods were carried out on aluminum structures and the structural damage was induced using metallic masses (steel nuts), fixed directly to the structure with cyanoacrylate-based glue. The comparison of the results analysis between the coupling methods was performed using the indices of damages obtained from electrical impedance signatures of the piezoelectric diaphragm, the frequency response function (FRF) and the power spectral density (PSD) obtained by pencil lead break (PLB) test. The experimental results indicate important characteristics for each installation method and that the mounting method has a significant influence on the frequency response and sensitivity for the detection of structural damage. / FAPESP: 2015/02500-6

This work has been done at the Kubikenborg Aluminum AB (KUBAL) Sundsvall, “the sole producer of primary aluminum and largest industrial facility in Sweden”. The aim of this project was to get a Human Machine Interface (HMI) which can visualize the process of Anode mounting. The process data has been visualized and it has assisted facility to reduce downtime by calculating stoppage of the machines and helped in streamlining the production by showing total no of Anodes produced in each shift in a day. The data has been retrieved from the Programmable Logic controllers (PLC) placed in the Anode mounting facility. After retrieving data, the task was to analyze the data and from all the data, describe the process performance. The HMI is counting and displaying time in minutes in case of system failure. Moreover, an effective way has been established for communication between the Siemens S7-300 PLC’s with the Wonderware InTouch HMI using the DASSIDIRECT data access server. In the past, the system have had several shutdowns and then the PLC data has not been possible to retrieve. There was no digital record for how long the machines remain stopped. All relevant process data were collected manually on paper, no automatically retrieved process data was available back then. Therefore, this new automatically retrieved data will be quite beneficial to the organization, as well as to operators for short term period but for long term conservation, a database server should be attached with this HMI which has not been covered in this project. At last stage, a survey has been conducted about the functionality of the HMI with operators at the facility to validate the claims made earlier which is giving positive feedback about its working and effectiveness but certain improvements needed for future prospects.

No description available.

Cette thèse porte sur le discours de cinq poètes chiliennes, ceux qui vivent au sud de ce territoire. Elles montrent une construction de leur identité dans sa poétique, qui traverse leurs corps et leurs mémoires, essayant de déconstruire les mandats historiques, politiques, sociaux et religieux qui ont été inventés pour construire l'identité de la femme. Cette recherche examine l’émergence de le discours poétique féminin, qui comprend la période des années 60 à nos jours, cela puisque c’est dans cette époque que commence une “plus grande” diffusion de la poétique de femmes au Chili, et comment évolue le langage poétique de la femme, les transits vers un nouveau langage: le corps comme auteure, du géodésique au physio- poétique, permettant l'analyse de les différences littéraires existantes dans ce territoire, où la littérature indigéniste joue un rôle prééminent, marquant une littérature de frontières avec la poétique national, pour exorciser les traumatismes du colonialisme. Dans ce cadre, les contributions des “les théories postcoloniales”, et les “études subalternes », m'ont aidé à comprendre et démonter, d’un côté les images stéréotypées construites vers les indigènes, tant idéologies de l'étatisme, et d’un autre côté, découvrez comment se produit « l'abandon » dans cette poétique, a travers de retour au discours naturalisés de la genèse, ce qui nous amène à la réflexion sur l’écriture et la réécriture de la poétique des femmes, qui est marquée par la construction aporétique de « la différence ». / This thesis focuses on the speech of five Chilean poets who live in the South of the territory. They show their identity construction in their Poetics, which runs through their bodies and their memories, trying to deconstruct the historical, political, social and religious mandates that have been invented to build the identity of the woman. This research examines the emergence of the feminine poetic speech, which includes the period from the 1960s to the present day, since it is during this time that a "larger" dissemination of the poetics of women to the Chile begins and how changing the poetic language of the woman, the transits to a new language: the body as the author, the “geodesic to the physic poetic”, the analysis of existing literary differences in this territory, where indigenous literature played a prominent role, scoring a borders with the national poetic literature, to exorcise the trauma of colonialism. In this context, the contributions of "postcolonial theories", and the "subaltern studies", helped me to understand and remove, one side stereotyped images built towards the natives, both ideologies of statism and, on the other hand, discover how 'abandonment' occurs in this poetic, a naturalized return to the speech through the Genesis, which leads to a reflection on the writing and rewriting of the poetics of women", which is marked by the aporetic construction of the 'difference '.