Considerando que o ativismo judicial é uma realidade contemporânea da prática decisória do Supremo Tribunal Federal, como melhor explicar sua recente ascensão e, principalmente, como identificar as decisões ativistas da Corte? Este trabalho é dedicado a investigar o ativismo judicial do Supremo Tribunal Federal de modo a tornar possível responder a essas perguntas. Nele são examinadas as práticas ativistas de importantes cortes constitucionais ou supremas cortes, principalmente a norte-americana, com o propósito de extrair lições para a elaboração de uma definição abrangente do ativismo judicial e para a montagem de um esquema explicativo e categorizador das decisões ativistas. As conclusões são por uma explicação multifacetada e por uma identificação multidimensional do ativismo judicial. Aplicando essas premissas sobre a realidade decisória do Supremo, é verificado que seu ativismo judicial responde a um conjunto de fatores institucionais, sociopolíticos e jurídico-culturais que se desenvolveram gradualmente a partir da Constituição de 1988. E, principalmente, que é possível descrever cinco dimensões de manifestação de seu ativismo judicial: metodológico (interpretativo); processual; estrutural (horizontal); de direitos; antidialógico. / Considering that judicial activism is a contemporary reality of the Federal Supreme Tribunals decision-making, how better explain its recent rising and, foremost, how identify the Courts activist decisions? This research is dedicated to investigate the Federal Supreme Tribunals judicial activism so as to make possible answer those questions. Here shall be examined the activist practices of important constitutional courts or supreme courts, chiefly the American one, with the purpose of obtaining lessons towards the elaboration of an inclusive definition of judicial activism and towards the making of a framework to explain and categorize the activist decisions. The conclusions are a multifaceted explanation and a multidimensional identification of judicial activism. Applying these premises on the Supremos decision-making reality, it is verified its judicial activism reacts to a group of institutional, social-political and legal-cultural factors that have advanced gradually since the Constitution of 1988. And, principally, its possible describe five dimensions of its judicial activism: methodological (interpretative); procedural; structural (horizontal); on rights; anti-dialogic.

Considerando que o ativismo judicial é uma realidade contemporânea da prática decisória do Supremo Tribunal Federal, como melhor explicar sua recente ascensão e, principalmente, como identificar as decisões ativistas da Corte? Este trabalho é dedicado a investigar o ativismo judicial do Supremo Tribunal Federal de modo a tornar possível responder a essas perguntas. Nele são examinadas as práticas ativistas de importantes cortes constitucionais ou supremas cortes, principalmente a norte-americana, com o propósito de extrair lições para a elaboração de uma definição abrangente do ativismo judicial e para a montagem de um esquema explicativo e categorizador das decisões ativistas. As conclusões são por uma explicação multifacetada e por uma identificação multidimensional do ativismo judicial. Aplicando essas premissas sobre a realidade decisória do Supremo, é verificado que seu ativismo judicial responde a um conjunto de fatores institucionais, sociopolíticos e jurídico-culturais que se desenvolveram gradualmente a partir da Constituição de 1988. E, principalmente, que é possível descrever cinco dimensões de manifestação de seu ativismo judicial: metodológico (interpretativo); processual; estrutural (horizontal); de direitos; antidialógico. / Considering that judicial activism is a contemporary reality of the Federal Supreme Tribunals decision-making, how better explain its recent rising and, foremost, how identify the Courts activist decisions? This research is dedicated to investigate the Federal Supreme Tribunals judicial activism so as to make possible answer those questions. Here shall be examined the activist practices of important constitutional courts or supreme courts, chiefly the American one, with the purpose of obtaining lessons towards the elaboration of an inclusive definition of judicial activism and towards the making of a framework to explain and categorize the activist decisions. The conclusions are a multifaceted explanation and a multidimensional identification of judicial activism. Applying these premises on the Supremos decision-making reality, it is verified its judicial activism reacts to a group of institutional, social-political and legal-cultural factors that have advanced gradually since the Constitution of 1988. And, principally, its possible describe five dimensions of its judicial activism: methodological (interpretative); procedural; structural (horizontal); on rights; anti-dialogic.

En Cinco horas con Mario, Delibes nos cuenta la historia de una Carmen que representa al sector conservador de la España de la época. Sin embargo, si profundizamos en el texto también nos vamos a encontrar a una Carmen que se rebela y que es víctima del franquismo. Esta tesina tiene como propósito demostrar que en el texto de Delibes va a aparecer una Carmen multifacética que hará que la novela consiga reflejar desde distintos puntos de vista la situación social en la que la mujer se vio envuelta durante el periodo franquista. / In Cinco horas con Mario, Delibes tells us the story of a Carmen who represents the conservative sector of Spain at the time. However, if we delve into the text we will also find a Carmen who rebels and is a victim of Francoism. The purpose of this thesis is to show that a multifaceted Carmen will appear in Delibes' text which will make the novel reflect the social situation in which women were involved during the Franco period from different points of view.

Climate change and the high proportion of private motorised transport leads to a high exposure of the urban population to environmental stressors such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, noise, and heat. The few fixed measuring stations for these stressors do not provide information on how they are distributed throughout the urban area and what influence the local urban structure has on hot and cold spots of pollution. In the measurement campaign “UmweltTracker” with 95 participants (cyclists, pedestrians), data on the stressors were collected via mobile sensors. The aim was to design and implement an application to analyse the heterogeneous data sets. In this paper we present a prototype of a visualisation and analysis application based on the Unity Game Engine, which allowed us to explore and analyse the collected data sets and to present them on a PC as well as in a VR environment. With the application we were able to show the influence of local urban structures as well as the impact of the time of day on the measured values. With the help of the application, outliers could be identified and the underlying causes could be investigated. The application was used in analysis sessions as well as a workshop with stakeholders.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:58:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mercedes Betta Quintano de Carvalho Pereira dos Santos.pdf: 1355987 bytes, checksum: 1f7a16938a96f7be691f38fbf4cc0a0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This paper seeks to verify whether knowledge about whole numbers, which Pedagogy majors who also teach at pre-school and elementary school levels accumulated when they attended Arithmetic, amplified their mathematical skills and helped create a new approach to their teaching practice. This case study investigates the development of whole number concepts in Pedagogy majors in four different universities in São Paulo City. The subjects involved are College of Education Arithmetic teachers and two undergrad students from each mentioned institution, all of whom were observed in their own teaching environment. Besides observation records and transcripts from semi structured interviews with all subjects, other instruments were also collected, such as the College of Education Arithmetic course plans, the students notebooks, Arithmetic syllabi for pre-school and elementary school levels, and pre-school and elementary school children s Arithmetic notebooks, folders and course books. The theory that underpins this work includes the studies of Shulmam (1986), Tardif (2000 e 2002), and Vergnaud (2003), as well as the Brazilian National Curricular Parameters (PCN, 1997). The qualitative analysis of the data reveals, among other aspects, that the minor subject of Arithmetic has not helped these college majors develop a new approach to their teaching practice. The study also shows that all but two undergrad majors involved in the research affirmed their wish to learn how to teach Arithmetic and to have practical activities in their course. Their teachers, despite being aware of their expectations, targeted at breaking merely pedagogical paradigms of the course, and focused on numerical concept in order to grant them greater intellectual autonomy, which could, in theory, contribute to the development of their teaching practices / Esta pesquisa buscou verificar se os conhecimentos acerca dos números naturais, que os alunos do curso de Pedagogia, também docentes na educação infantil ou nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, construíram quando cursaram a disciplina que trata dos conteúdos de Matemática ampliaram os seus saberes matemáticos e deram um novo significado às suas práticas docentes. A pesquisa constitui-se em um estudo de caso sobre o desenvolvimento do conteúdo números naturais em licenciaturas de Pedagogia em quatro instituições de ensino da cidade de São Paulo. Os sujeitos de pesquisa são os professores universitários dos cursos e dois alunos docentes de cada curso investigado, que também foram observados nas escolas onde atuam. Além dos registros de observação, também foram utilizados na coleta de dados: os planos da disciplina de Matemática dos cursos de Pedagogia, os cadernos dos registros das aulas de Matemática dos alunos docentes, os planos da disciplina de Matemática da educação infantil e dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental, cadernos, pastas e livros de Matemática das crianças, além das entrevistas semiestruturadas gravadas com os sujeitos que fizeram parte do estudo. A linha teórica do trabalho foi dada pelos estudos de Lee Shulmam (1986), Maurice Tardif (2000 e 2002), Gérard Vergnaud (2003). Empregamos também os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de Matemática (1997). A análise qualitativa dos dados coletados revelou, entre outros aspectos, que esses alunos docentes não ressignificaram suas práticas pedagógicas a partir dos estudos universitários na disciplina de Matemática. O estudo também apontou que exceto dois alunos docentes todos os demais explicitaram a vontade de aprender como ensinar Matemática e ter atividades práticas no curso. Seus professores, mesmo sabendo dessa expectativa, buscaram romper com o paradigma tecnicista, trabalhando o conceito numérico a fim de possibilitar-lhes maior autonomia intelectual na sua formação, o que poderia, em tese, contribuir para construção de suas práticas docentes

The common observation that the onset of a core MARFE (edge localized, poloidally asymmetric, highly radiating region) is followed immediately by a High-to-Low confinement mode transition in DIII-D was investigated by comparing a theoretical prediction of the threshold non-radiative power across the separatrix needed to maintain H-mode with an experimental determination of the non-radiative power flowing across the separatrix. It was found that in three shots with continuous gas fueling that the increased neutral influx associated with the MARFE formation caused a sharp increase in the predicted threshold non-radiative power crossing the separatrix that was required for the plasma to remain in H-mode to a value comparable to the experimental power crossing the separatrix, indicating a theoretical prediction of a H-L transition in agreement with experimental observation.

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