The development of lean body mass (LBM) is closely linked to protein feeding. Along with resistance exercise protein feeding, or amino acid provision, stimulate muscle protein synthesis (MPS). Repeated stimulation of MPS above protein breakdown results in lean mass accretion. Many athletes aim to build or maintain LBM. The aim of this thesis was to better understand the relationship between LBM and protein feeding in trained individuals. This aim was studied in the applied setting and at whole body, muscle and molecular level. Chapter 2 revealed differences in total body mass and LBM between young rugby union players competing at different playing standards. Protein consumption was higher in players that played at a higher standard. The protein consumption of players at both playing standards was higher than current protein recommendations for athletes. The Under 20 (U20) rugby union players in Chapter 3 also consumed more protein than current recommendations state. Their dietary habits changed depending on their environment and they consumed more protein while in Six Nations (6N) camp compared with out of camp. Also, there were changes in dietary habits for individuals, however, those changes did not occur at the group level. Using the camp as an education tool for good nutrition habits could be advantageous. As a group, rugby union players’ body composition did not change from pre to post a 6N tournament. However, there was individual variation, which could be meaningful for the individual players. We provide evidence suggesting that in elite sport, athletes should be considered as individuals as well as part of a group if appropriate. The protein ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K1) is part of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway, which regulates MPS. The response of p70S6K1 activity was 62% greater following resistance exercise coupled with protein feeding compared with protein feeding alone in Chapter 3. P70S6K1 activity explained a small amount of the variation in previously published MPS data. The activity of the signalling protein p70S6K1 was unchanged in response to different doses of whey protein in Chapter 4 and 5. These data suggest that resistance exercise is a larger stimulus of p70S6K1 activity and when manipulating aspects of protein feeding p70S6K1 activation may be a limited measure. Consumption of 40 g of whey protein stimulated myofibrillar MPS to a greater extent than 20 g after a bout of whole body resistance exercise. The amount of LBM that the trained individual possessed did not influence this observed response. These data suggest that the amount of muscle mass exercised may influence the amount of protein required to increase MPS stimulation. For those engaging in whole body resistance exercise 20 g of protein is not sufficient to maximally stimulate MPS. The athletes in Chapters 2 and 3 of this thesis consumed more protein than current recommendations that do not take into account whole body exercise. Current post-exercise protein recommendations may no longer be optimal given this new information. Future work should directly investigate the MPS response to protein ingestion following resistance exercise engaging different amounts of muscle mass in well trained and elite populations. Identifying the protein dose required for maximal stimulation of MPS following whole body exercise would be an informative area of future research.

abstract: Although maintaining an optimal level of muscle quality in older persons is necessary to prevent falls and disability, there has been limited research on muscle quality across age and gender groups. The associations of muscle quality, muscle strength, and muscle mass also remain less explored. Purpose: This study examined the muscle quality differences (arm and leg) between healthy young and elderly adults across gender groups. This study also examined the associations of muscle quality, muscle strength, and muscle mass in young and elderly adults, respectively. Methods: Seventy-one total subjects were recruited for this study within age groups 20-29 years old (20 females and 20 males) and 60-80 years old (18 females and 13 males). All participants completed anthropometric measures, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, pulse wave velocity, handgrip strength and leg strength tests, gait speed, and sit to stand test. Results: Young male adults had a greater leg muscle quality index (leg MQI) than did elderly male adults (21.8 Nm/kg vs. 16.3 Nm/kg, p = 0.001). Similarly, young female adults had a greater leg MQI than did old female adults (21.3 Nm/kg and 15.6 Nm/kg, p<0.001). For arm muscle quality index (arm MQI), there was a gender difference in young adults (p = 0.001), but not for the elderly adults. Among elderly adults, there was a positive association between leg MQI and isometric leg strength (r = 0.79, p<0.001). Notably, there was a negative association between leg MQI and leg lean mass (r = -0.70, p<0.001) and between arm MQI and arm lean mass (r = -0.58, p = 0.001). In young adults, there was also a positive association between arm MQI and handgrip strength (r = 0.53, p<0.001) and between leg MQI and isometric leg strength (r = 0.81, p<0.001). There was no association between muscle quality and muscle mass in young adults. Conclusion: Young adults had a greater leg muscle quality than did elderly adults in both men and women. Leg muscle quality is positively associated with leg muscle strength in both young and elderly adults but is inversely associated with leg muscle mass in the elderly adults. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Exercise and Wellness 2017

A Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP) é um método de tratamento que combina padrões de movimentos em diagonal e espiral e técnicas de facilitação neuromuscular, com objetivo de melhorar o controle e a função neuromuscular. Este estudo comparou por eletromiografia de superfície (EMGs) e dinamometria a irradiação de força muscular na cintura escapular, após estimulação à distância no hemicorpo contralateral (grupo FNP) e local por Cinesioterapia Clássica (grupo CC). Participaram 113 indivíduos saudáveis. A EMGs dos músculos trapézio superior (TS), trapézio médio (TM), deltoide médio (D) e serrátil anterior (S) foi realizada antes, durante e após os protocolos. A preensão palmar, antes e após os protocolos, foi avaliada por dinamometria. Valores de RMS (Root Mean Square) e dinamometria foram submetidos a ANOVA Two Way e pós-teste de Holm-Sidack, p <0,05. No FNP, as diagonais póstero-depressão (PD) e extensão-abdução-rotação interna (EARI) aumentaram o RMS em relação às demais (F4,1180: 42,53) e os músculos TS, TM e D aumentaram o RMS em relação ao S (F3,1180: 25,73). No CC, remada alta, elevação lateral e elevação frontal do braço aumentaram o RMS em relação à rotação interna e rotação externa (F4,1180: 172,28). Músculos TS, TM e D aumentaram o RMS em relação ao S (F3,1180: 178,32). Contrações máximas iniciais e finais aos protocolos, não modificaram o RMS no CC ou FNP. Porém, TS no CC apresentou aumento inicial e final, em relação ao FNP (F1,888: 8,62). Valores da dinamometria, revelaram maior força inicial e final do membro dominante em relação ao não dominante (F3,444: 4,71), maior força no CC (F3,444: 4,71) e maior força final no CC em relação ao FNP (F3,444: 0,04). Diagonais PD e EARI são mais eficientes para irradiar força nos músculos TS, TM e D. / The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) is a method of treatment that combines diagonal movement patterns and spiral and neuromuscular facilitation techniques, in order to improve the control and neuromuscular function. This study compared by surface electromyography (sEMG) and grip strength irradiation of muscle strength in the shoulder girdle, after stimulation distance in the contralateral hemisphere (FNP group) and local by Kinesiotherapy Classic (CC group). They participated in 113 healthy subjects. The EMGs of the upper trapezius muscles (TS), middle trapezius (TM), middle deltoid (D) and serratus anterior (S) was carried out before, during and after the protocols. Grips with hands before and after the protocol was evaluated by dynamometry. RMS values (Root Mean Square) and grip strength were subjected to Two Way ANOVA and Holm-Sidack post-test, p <0.05. FNP in the posterolateral diagonal depression (PD) and extension-abduction-internal rotation (EAIR) increased RMS in relation to the other (F4,1180: 42.53) and TS muscles, TM and D increased the RMS relative S (F3,1180: 25.73). In DC, upright row, side elevation and front elevation of the arm increased RMS in relation to internal rotation and external rotation (F4,1180: 172.28). TS muscles, TM and D increased the RMS relative to S (F3,1180: 178.32). Initial maximal contractions and final protocols did not change the RMS in DC or PNF. However, the TS initial and final WC was increased, compared to PMF (F1,888: 8.62). Values of grip strength, showed greater initial force and the end of the dominant member in relation to the non-dominant (F3,444: 4.71), the largest force in the CC (F3,444: 4.71) and a higher ultimate strength in DC in relation to FNP (F3,444: 0.04). PD diagonals and EAIR are more efficient to radiate strength in muscles TS, TM and D.

Orientador: Cristina Elena Prado Teles Fregonesi / Banca: Dalva Mininroze Albuquerque Ferreira / Banca: Marli Aparecida Defani / Resumo: O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as pressões e áreas de superfícies plantares e os componentes vásculo-sensório-motores dos pés de portadores de neuropatia diabética. Sessenta e oito indivíduos divididos em dois grupos: 28 no grupo neuropata e 40 no grupo controle, participaram do estudo. Os voluntários foram submetidos às avaliações da circulação e perfusão periférica de membros inferiores, por meio do índice tornozelo/braço e oximetria; sensibilidade somatossensitiva, pela estesiometria; força muscular do tornozelo, por dinamômetro digital portátil; e pressões e superfícies plantares com um baropodometro eletrônico. Os grupos foram comparados por meio dos testes Mann-Withney e análises de variâncias (ANOVA e MANOVA) (p<0,05). A sensibilidade tátil, o índice tornozelo/braço e a força muscular de dorsiflexores e plantiflexores de tornozelo estiveram diminuídas no grupo neuropata em relação aos controles. Nos picos de pressões plantares não foram verificadas diferenças entre os grupos, mas ocorreu diferença nos locais onde essas pressões foram impostas. Na condição estática, a área de superfície plantar foi maior no grupo neuropata, quando comparado ao controle... (resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objective of this study was to analyze the postural control, using baropodometry, in patients with diabetic neuropathic and relate with loss in the sensorimotor system. Twenty-eight healthy subjects and 25 patients with diabetic neuropathic were evaluated with baropodometry in two conditions: static (for measure the center of pressure displacement) and dynamics (for measure the stance phase of gait cycle - total period of support, double support and single support). The tactile sensitivity of the feet was measured with a Semmes-Weinstein pressure esthesiometer and the isometric muscle strength of ankle was measured with dinamometry. The MANOVA and ANOVA indicated lower performance in tactile and force muscle in diabetic neuropathy. In the dynamic condition the diabetic neuropathy group showed more time in the gait parameters. With this study, by regression analysis, we can say that the differences of balance in the neuropathy diabetic gait may result from decreased of sensitivity tactile and strength / Mestre

A dança possibilita a aquisição de habilidades e auxilia na melhora da capacidade motora, permitindo movimentos mais complexos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o equilíbrio postural e a força muscular de mulheres idosas que participam de desfiles no carnaval. Métodos: Para a realização do estudo foram recrutadas 110 mulheres, com média de idade de 67,4 (5,9) anos, divididas em dois grupos. Um grupo de idosas participantes dos desfiles de carnaval na \"Ala das Baianas\" (Gr- Baianas) e um grupo controle que não realiza tal atividade (Gr-Controle). Foram avaliadas as características sociodemográficas; clínicas; atividade física; psicocognitivas: utilizando a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica (EDG), Mini-Exame do Estado Mental de Folstein(MEEM); equilíbrio postural dinâmico: Time up & Go Test com e sem dupla tarefa; força muscular de flexores e extensores de joelho utilizando o dinamômetro isocinético; força de preensão palmar e avaliação do equilíbrio postural por meio de uma plataforma de força nas seguintes condições: olhos abertos e olhos fechados. Resultados: Nas condições sócio-demográficas os grupos foram diferentes no item socioeconômico. Não houve diferenças significantes na avaliação psico-cognitiva, no número de quedas, no equilíbrio dinâmico e no equilíbrio postural com olhos abertos e força muscular de flexores e extensores de joelho. O grupo Baianas apresentou força de preensão palmar superior ao controle em ambos os membros, houve diferença significante em todas as variáveis do equilíbrio postural com os olhos fechados. Conclusão: As condições sóciodemográficas, clínicas, funcionais e psico-cognitivas e força de flexores e extensores de joelho não demonstraram diferenças entre os grupos. As coreografias das dançarinas de samba demonstraram influência no equilíbrio postural com os olhos fechados, com menores oscilações no sentido anteroposterior e médio-lateral e maiores amplitudes de deslocamento, velocidade e área de deslocamento nos dois sentidos. As baianas apresentaram maior força de preensão palmar que o controle / Dancing allows the gain of abilities and helps on increasing of motor skills, allowing more complex movements. Methods: The objectives of this study were to analyze the postural balance, muscle strength of women who casting in the carnaval parades. A hundred and ten women were assigned with average age of 67.4 (5.9) years old, divided between two groups: a group of elderly participants of the carnaval parades in the \" Wing of Baianas \" (Gr- Baianas) and a control group that does not perform this activity (Gr-control).We assessed socio-demographic characteristics; clinics; physical activities; psycho-cognitive: using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), rapid cognitive assessment (Mini - Mental State Examination); Dynamic postural balance: Time up & Go test, with and without dual task; muscle strength of knee extensors and flexors using an isokinetic dynamometer; handgrip strength and evaluation of postural balance through a force platform under the following conditions: open eyes and closed eyes. Results: In socio- demographic groups were different in socioeconomic item, there were no significant differences in psycho-cognitive assessment, the number of falls, dynamic balance and postural balance with open eyes and muscle strength of knee extensors and flexors. The group presented dancers grip strength higher than the control in both limbs; there was a significant difference in all variables of postural balance with eyes closed. Conclusion: Socio-demographic, clinical, functional and psychocognitive conditions and strength of flexors and knee extensors showed no difference between groups. The choreography of samba\'s dancer demonstrated influence on postural balance with eyes closed with lower oscillation in anteroposterior and mediolateral displacement and larger amplitudes in both directions, velocity and displacement area. The group dancers had greater grip strength than the control

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:47:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 goncalves_accr_me_prud.pdf: 684147 bytes, checksum: a81c4f89900e68d55d13d636f49523a1 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A perda de massa muscular secundária à idade e à inatividade física é clinicamente relevante na população cardíaca, contudo a prescrição do exercício resistido dinâmico para esses pacientes apresenta-se inconclusiva na literatura. Objetivo: Reunir informações sobre a especificidade dos componentes do treinamento resistido prescrito à população cardiopata. Metodologia: Foi realizada busca sistemática de literatura, a partir das bases de dados LILACS, SciELO e PubMed, utilizando os seguintes descritores na língua portuguesa: força muscular, exercício isométrico, esforço físico, cardiopatia e coronariopatia, e seus correspondentes na língua inglesa (muscle strength, isometric exercise, physical effort, heart disease e artery coronary disease), os quais foram... / Loss of muscle mass secondary to age and physical inactivity is clinically relevant in cardiac population, however dynamic resistance exercise prescription to these patients presents inconclusive in literature. Objective: Adjoin information about specific components of resistance exercise prescribed to cardiac population. Methodology: Systematic search was performed, using the data bases LILACS, SciELO and PubMed. The descriptors used were: muscle strength, isometric exercise, physical effort, heart disease and artery coronary disease, which were surveyed separately and combined, considering for this review articles that ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-06-07T20:24:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFCS.pdf: 2946030 bytes, checksum: 665f3b591fb04536a8aa1caf9b6eee7a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-06-13T17:52:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFCS.pdf: 2946030 bytes, checksum: 665f3b591fb04536a8aa1caf9b6eee7a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (ronisp@ufscar.br) on 2017-06-13T17:52:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFCS.pdf: 2946030 bytes, checksum: 665f3b591fb04536a8aa1caf9b6eee7a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-13T17:59:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissFCS.pdf: 2946030 bytes, checksum: 665f3b591fb04536a8aa1caf9b6eee7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / Não recebi financiamento / In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) the marked disuse of the peripheral musculature due to bed rest decreases peripheral muscle strength and muscular performance, known as dynapenia. However, the presence of this condition in patients with COPD in the acute phase of the exacerbation, as well as its consequences in the prognosis of the disease, were still little explored. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of dynapenia in patients with exacerbation and post-exacerbation COPD, to assess peripheral muscle strength 30 days after the exacerbation, and to compare it with acute exacerbation and one another group of patients in the stable phase of the disease, in addition to verifying if the decrease in hand grip strength could predict worsening of quality of life, new exacerbations and death in a period of 30 days post-exacerbation. Method: This was a longitudinal observational study in which 40 patients of both genders (age> 50 years) with moderate to very severe obstruction COPD were divided into two groups: exacerbated group (GEx) and your follow-up (GEx follow-up) and stable group (GEst). The patients were submitted to strength tests of the peripheral musculature, using manual isometric dynamometers, in order to quantify the muscular strength between the groups. Results: Dinapenia was identified in 95% in the GEx, 86% in the GEx follow-up and 47% in the GEst. In the assessment of peripheral muscle strength, when comparing the GEx and GEx follow-up groups, no significant differences were identified. In the GEx follow-up and GEst groups a significant difference was seen in the following evaluations: knee extension (p = 0.003), percentage of knee extension (p = 0.013), elbow flexion (p = 0.015), shoulder flexion P = 0.004), hand grip strength (p = 0.004) and percentage of hand grip strength (p = 0.011). As a predictor of poor outcomes, hand grip strength showed a statistically significant degree of accuracy (area = 0.94) when lower than 14 kgf. In addition, we found difference in the distance walked in the 6MWT when comparing the groups GEx and GEx follow-up (p = 0.018). And when comparing the GEx follow-up and GEst groups with a statistically significant difference in the distance walked on the 6MWT (p = 0.020), on the percentage of distance covered in the 6MWT (p = 0.007), in CAT (p = 0.01) and SGRQ (p <0.0001). Conclusion: From the results found, it can be verified that patients with exacerbated and post-exacerbation COPD present a significantly higher percentage of dynapenia when compared to patients in a more stable state of the disease, besides presenting a lower peripheral muscle strength. Furthermore, it can be observed that exacerbated patients presenting a handgrip strength of less than 12 kgf are more likely to present poor outcomes within 30 days post-exacerbation. / Na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) o acentuado desuso da musculatura periférica devido ao repouso no leito, diminui a força muscular periférica e desempenho muscular, conhecido como dinapenia. Entretanto, a presença desta condição, em pacientes com DPOC na fase aguda da exacerbação, bem como suas consequências no prognóstico da doença ainda foram pouco exploradas. Objetivos: Identificar prevalência de dinapenia em pacientes com DPOC em fase de exacerbação e pós-exacerbação, avaliar a força muscular periférica 30 dias após a exacerbação e compará-la com a exacerbação aguda e a outro grupo de pacientes na fase estável da doença, além de verificar se a diminuição da força de preensão palmar poderia predizer piora da qualidade de vida, novas exacerbações e óbito em um período de 30 dias pós-exacerbação. Método: Trata-se de um estudo observacional longitudinal onde foram avaliados 40 pacientes, de ambos os gêneros (idade >50 anos), com DPOC de moderada a muito grave obstrução, divididos em dois grupos: grupo exacerbado (GEx), GE follow-up (GEx follow-up) e grupo estável (GEst). Os pacientes foram submetidos a avaliações de força da musculatura periférica, com auxílio de dinamômetros isométricos manuais, a fim de quantificar a força muscular entre os grupos. Resultados: A dinapenia foi identificada em 95% no GEx, em 86% no GEx follow-up e em 47% no GEst. Na avaliação de força muscular periférica, quando comparado os grupos GEx e GEx follow-up, não foram identificadas diferenças significativas. Já nos grupos GEx follow-up e GEst foi vista diferença significativa nas seguintes avaliações: extensão de joelho (p=0,003), porcentagem da extensão de joelho (p=0,013), flexão de cotovelo (p=0,015), flexão de ombro (p=0,004), força de preensão palmar (p=0,004) e porcentagem de força de preensão palmar (p=0,011). Como um preditor de desfechos ruins, a força de preensão palmar apresentou um grau de acurácia estatisticamente significante (área=0,94) quando menor que 14 kgf. Além disso, encontramos diferença na distância percorrida no TC6 ao comparar os grupos GEx e GEx follow-up (p=0,018); e quando comparados os grupos GEx follow-up e GEst, com diferença estatisticamente significativa para distância percorrida no TC6 (p=0,020), na porcentagem da distância percorrida no TC6 (p=0,007), no CAT (p=0,01) e no SGRQ (p<0,0001). Conclusão: A partir dos resultados encontrados pode-se verificar que os pacientes com DPOC exacerbada e pós-exacerbação apresentam uma porcentagem significativamente maior de dinapenia quando comparado a pacientes em um estado mais estável da doença, além de apresentarem uma força da musculatura periférica menor. Ainda, pode-se observar que os pacientes exacerbados apresentando uma força de preensão palmar menor que 12 kgf, têm mais probabilidade de apresentar desfechos ruins dentro de 30 dias pós exacerbação.

Submitted by PATRÍCIA SANDEI GALVÃO MOREIRA null (patriiciia.sandei@gmail.com) on 2018-03-21T12:24:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mestrado Final para Biblio 2603.pdf: 861323 bytes, checksum: dd1d75db77b9b44bc3d840bd894d4ed7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Aparecida Puerta null (dripuerta@rc.unesp.br) on 2018-03-22T19:47:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 moreira_psg_me_rcla.pdf: 784052 bytes, checksum: 2b209d1f15333e1a97529b0f9690df95 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T19:47:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 moreira_psg_me_rcla.pdf: 784052 bytes, checksum: 2b209d1f15333e1a97529b0f9690df95 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os pacientes com câncer podem apresentar sintomas pulmonares incapacitantes como dispneia, fadiga e intolerância ao exercício. Considerando que um dos principais tratamentos para essa patologia é a cirurgia, os profissionais devem atentar-se às complicações pós-operatórias (CPO) que estão presentes principalmente nas cirurgias abdominais e torácicas, já que interferem na função muscular e na mecânica respiratória. OBJETIVO: Analisar se a doença oncológica leva a alterações na função cardiorrespiratórias e musculares, avaliar o comportamento da função cardiorrespiratória e da força muscular de pacientes oncológicos submetidos à cirurgia abdominal aberta e identificar os fatores pré-operatórios que podem diferenciar as CPO em pacientes oncológicos submetidos a cirurgia abdominal aberta. METODOLOGIA: Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo experimental (GE) composto por pacientes com diagnóstico de câncer abdominal e grupo controle (GC) com pacientes saudáveis. Na avaliação passaram por anamnese, testes de esforço, teste da função e força pulmonar e teste de força de preensão manual. Considerou-se estatisticamente significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 33 pacientes (19 mulheres) em cada grupo. Quando comparado os pacientes do GC e do GE, observou-se diferença estatística na PImax (%) e na distância percorrida no ISWT (%). Os pacientes que não complicaram no quinto dia de pós-operatório (PO5) ou no trigésimo dia de pós-operatório (PO30) tiveram as variáveis pré-operatórias (PRÉ) comparadas com PO5 ou PO30, respectivamente. Na primeira situação, observou-se que houve diferença estatística em CVF, VEF1, PEF, FEF25-75%, valores reais e (%), VEF1/CVF (%), PImax em valor real e PEmax e ISWT reais e em (%). Já os momentos PRÉ e PO30 sem CPO a diferença foi observada nas variáveis: distância do ISWT real e (%). Quando comparados todos os momentos de pacientes que não complicaram a diferença foi significante em CVF e VEF1 (%), PEF real e distância do ISWT real e (%). E por último foi comparado os momentos PRÉ dos pacientes que não tiveram CPO no PO5 com o PRÉ dos pacientes que tiveram CPO no PO5 e o momento PRÉ dos pacientes sem CPO no PO30 com o momento PRÉ dos pacientes com CPO no PO30. Na primeira situação observou-se diferença estatística em FEF25-75%, real e na distância do ISWT real e (%). Já na segunda situação foi observada diferença estatística em CVF, PFE e FEF25-75% reais e em VEF1 e ISWT reais e (%). CONCLUSÃO: Podemos concluir que a doença oncológica abdominal, assim como a cirurgia abdominal, levam a alterações funcionais cardiorrespiratórias e musculares. E que as variáveis espirométricas, o teste de esforço e a frequência cardíaca foram capazes de diferenciar pacientes que não complicam daqueles que complicam. / Cancer patients may present some disabling pulmonary symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue and exercise intolerance. Considering that surgery is one of the main treatments for this pathology, professionals should pay attention to postoperative complications (POC) which are present mainly in abdominal and thoracic surgeries, since they interfere in muscle function and respiratory mechanics. OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether oncological disease leads to cardiorespiratory and muscular function disturbance, to evaluate the behavior of cardiorespiratory function and muscular strength in cancer patients submitted to open abdominal surgery and to identify preoperative factors that may differentiate PCO in oncological patients submitted open abdominal surgery. METHODOLOGY: Patients were divided into two groups: experimental group (EG) composed of patients with abdominal cancer and control group (CG) with healthy patients. The evaluation submitted both groups to anamnesis, stress tests, function test and pulmonary force and manual grip strength test. A value for p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients (19 women) were evaluated in each group. When comparing CG and EG patients, a statistical difference was observed in the MIP (%) and the distance covered in the ISWT (%). Patients who did not complicate on the fifth postoperative day (PO5) or on the 30th postoperative day (PO30) had the preoperative variables (PRÉ) compared to PO5 or PO30, respectively. In the first situation, it was observed that there was a statistical difference in FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEF(25-75%), real values and (%), FEV1/FVC (%), real MIP and real and (%) MEP, ISWT. In PRE and PO30 moments without PCO, the difference was observed in the variables: distance from the real ISWT and (%). When comparing all the moments of patients who did not complicate the difference was significant in FVC and FEV1 (%), real PEF and ISWT real and (%) distance. Finally, we compared the PRE moments of the patients who did not have POC in the PO5 with the PRE of the patients who had POC in the PO5 and the PRE moments of the patients without POC in the PO30 with the PRÉ moment of the patients with POC in the PO30. In the first situation, we observed a statistical difference in FEF(25-75%), real and in the distance of the real and (%) ISWT. In the second situation, a statistical difference was observed in real FVC, PEF and FEF(25-75%), and in FEV1 and ISWT real and (%). CONCLUSION: We can conclude that abdominal cancer, as well as abdominal surgery, lead to cardiorespiratory and muscular functional changes. And that the spirometric variables, the stress test and the heart rate were able to differentiate patients that do not complicate to those that complicate.

Orientador: Carlos Marcelo Pastre / Banca: Aparecida Maria Catai / Banca: Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei / Resumo: Introdução: a contração concêntrica promove maior estresse cardiovascular em relação à contração excêntrica, sobretudo por apresentar maiores valores de frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) e pressão arterial média (PAM) em estímulos agudos. Entretanto, no âmbito do treinamento, não se sabe sobre a relação custo benefício destes dois tipos de exercício. Objetivo: avaliar e comparar o efeito de um treinamento resistido, realizado com ênfase concêntrica vs excêntrica, sobre respostas cardiovasculares (PAS, PAD e FC) e autonômicas [variabilidade de frequência cardíaca (VFC)]. Casuística e métodos: o estudo foi composto por 80 homens, com idade entre 18 e 30 anos. Os sujeitos foram alocados em 4 grupos, sendo que os grupos G1 (concêntrico) e G2 (excêntrico) foram submetidos a apenas uma sessão de ER para o grupo extensor do joelho... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Introduction: the concentric contraction causes greater cardiovascular stress in relation to the eccentric contraction, mainly due to the higher values of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and means arterial pressure (MAP) in acute exercise. However, in the training, it is unknown the cost benefit of these two types of exercise. Objective: to evaluate and compare the effect of a resistance training, performed eccentric versus concentric with emphasis on cardiovascular responses (SBP, DBP and HR) and autonomic [heart rate variability (HRV)]. Methods: the study consisted of 80 men, aged between 18 and 30 years. The subjects were divided into 4 groups, with G1 (concentric) and G2 (eccentric) underwent only one session of ER for the knee extensor group [3 sets of 1 rep at 100% of 1 repetition maximum (RM )] and G3 (concentric) and G4 (eccentric) performed 10 sessions of resistance training, in which the 10th session consisted of three sets of 1 rep at 100% of 1RM, also for the knee extensor group. The volunteers were monitored in two conditions: before and 24 hours after the training and before, during and after (45 minutes) the only session of the G1 and G2... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Introdução: O alongamento é um recurso bastante presente em estratégias que visem à prevenção da flexibilidade e/ou reabilitação, e tem sido preconizado como sendo importante componente do exercício físico. Diversos estudos têm mostrado a eficácia de diferentes técnicas, porém não há unanimidade em estudos de efeito crônico no que diz respeito à técnica mais eficiente, bem como sua relação com a força muscular. Com isso o objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o efeito de duas formas distintas de alongamento sobre aspectos musculoesqueléticos dos isquiotibiais de mulheres jovens. Métodos: Este estudo é um ensaio clínico randomizado. A amostra foi composta por 18 mulheres jovens divididas em três grupos: (GCon) grupo controle (n= 6; 24,0±2,8 anos); (GEst) grupo que realizou alongamento estático passivo (n= 6; 23,3±2,2 anos) e (GFnp) grupo que realizou alongamento de facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva (n= 6; 24,6±2,6 anos). A avaliação do torque muscular, flexibilidade, ativação elétrica e arquitetura muscular foi realizada uma semana antes do início do treinamento e a reavaliação, uma semana após o término. Para a avaliação do torque muscular dos flexores e extensores do joelho foi utilizado um dinamômetro isocinético. A avaliação da flexibilidade foi composta pelos testes de Elevação do Membro Inferior Estendido (EXT) e de Extensão de Joelho Modificado (TEJ) onde a amplitude de movimento (ADM) foi mensurada através de um goniômetro universal. A avaliação da ativação elétrica do vasto lateral, reto femoral e bíceps femoral foi realizada simultaneamente ao teste de força muscular e flexibilidade utilizando-se um eletromiógrafo. A arquitetura muscular foi avaliada através da ultrassonografia. O treinamento consistiu de um programa de quatro semanas de alongamento com três sessões semanais. Cada sessão era composta por uma repetição de alongamento, estático (30s) ou FNP (6s de contração máxima seguido por 30s de alongamento). O GCon não realizou treinamento. Para análise estatística foi utilizada uma ANOVA de dois fatores para a comparação entre os grupos e entre momentos seguida de um posthoc de Bonferroni. Para análise foi utilizado o software SPSS 20.0 e o nível de significância adotado foi α de 0,05. Resultados: A ADM mensurada pelo teste EXT apresentou aumento significativo entre os momentos pré e pós do GEst (pré= 80,8º±11,0 e pós= 94,5º±10,2; p= 0,013), não havendo diferenças entre os grupos (p>0,05); também houve diferença no torque concêntrico dos flexores de joelhos nos três grupos quanto ao momento, GEst (pré= 66,3Nm±12,9 e pós= 70,0Nm±8,1; p=0,023), GFnp (pré= 79,1Nm±12,7 e pós= 83,5Nm±11,6; p=0,014) e Gcon (pré= 71,1Nm±10,1 e pós= 74,1Nm±14,6; p=0,003), porém não houve diferença entre os grupos. A contração excêntrica desse grupo muscular não apresentou diferença significativa intra e inter grupos, assim como a espessura e a ativação elétrica muscular (p>0,05). Conclusão: Não houve diferença entre os grupos, porém o protocolo de alongamento estático passivo proposto propiciou um aumento da ADM e do torque da musculatura isquiotibial, sem influência na espessura muscular e ativação elétrica, dados que sugerem ser o ganho de ADM decorrente do aumento da tolerância do indivíduo ao alongamento do que decorrente de mudanças na estrutura muscular. / Introduction: Stretching is a very present action strategies aimed at prevention of flexibility and/or rehabilitation, and has been recommended as an important component of exercise. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of different techniques, but there is no unanimity in chronic effect studies as regards the most efficient technique, as well as its relationship with muscular strength. Thus the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two different forms of stretching on musculoskeletal aspects of the hamstrings of young women. Methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial. The sample consisted of 18 young women divided into three groups: (GCon) control group (n= 6; 24.0±2.8 years); (GEst) group performed passive static stretching (n= 6; 23.3±2.2 years) and (GFnp) group performed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation stretching (n= 6; 24.6±2.6 years). Evaluation of muscular torque, flexibility, muscle activation and muscle architecture was evaluated a week before the start of training and reevaluated, a week after the end. For the evaluation of knee flexors and extensors muscular torque was used an isokinetic dynamometer. The flexibility assessment was made by Single Leg Raise Test (SLR) and Modified Knee Extension Test (KET) where the range of motion (ROM) was measured using a goniometer. The evaluation of the electrical activation of the vastus lateralis, rectus femoris and biceps femoris was held simultaneously with the muscle strength test and flexibility using a electromyography. Muscle architecture was assessed by ultrasonography. The training consisted of a four weeks program of stretching with three weekly sessions. Each session consisted of a single stretching repetition, static (30s) or PNF (6s maximum contraction followed by 30 seconds elongation). The GCon not trained. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way ANOVA for comparison between groups and between moments followed by post-hoc Bonferroni test. For analysis was used SPSS 20.0 and the level of significance was α of 0.05. Results: ROM measured by SLR test showed a significant increase between pre and post GEst (pre= 80.8º±11.0 and post= 94.5º±10.5; p= 0.013), with no differences between the groups (p> 0.05); also was difference between pre and post training in concentric torque of the knee flexors in the three groups, GEst (pre= 66.3Nm±12.9 and post= 70.0Nm±8.1; p= 0.023), GFnp (pre= 79.1Nm±12.7 and post= 83.5Nm±11.6; p= 0.014) and GCon (pre= 71.1Nm±10.1 and post= 74.1Nm±14.6; p= 0.003), but there was no difference between groups. The eccentric contraction of this muscle group showed no significant difference intra and inter groups, as well as the thickness and muscle electrical activation (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference between the groups but the proposed passive static stretching protocol provided an increase in ROM and torque of the hamstring muscles, but no effects on muscle thickness and electrical activation, data that suggest the gain of ROM occurred due to the increase of the individual's tolerance to stretching, and not from changes in muscle structure.