The subject of my diploma thesis is design and realization of a five strings electric violin. This work builds on my theoretical diploma work named Development of the violin up to the present. The body of the violin is made of solid wood (beech) as same as the chin rest, fingerboard and bridge (walnut). The body is white coloured and varnished. In the left rib is placed el. sound output – 6.3 mm jack. The violin is equipped with piezo pickup Shadow SH SV1. Removable part of the violin is the shoulder rest. It has two support points.

The twenty-first century has already seen some aesthetically exciting sacred architectural spaces. Much liturgical music, however, is centuries old. With regard to performing old music, philosophers such as Steven Davies, etc., have debated the aesthetic merits of striving for authenticity of performance. If authenticity is a valid performance aesthetic principle, as I contend it is, the following paradox arises: Some contemporary sacred spaces are the sites of moving, aesthetically valid performances of sacred music. But how is it possible to have aesthetically valid authentic performances of sacred music in twenty-first century sacred spaces?... The question of authenticity in this unique musical genre focuses on performance space, liturgical function, musical instruments, performer/listener interaction, and cultural conditions. ...Using architectural examples constructed in the twenty-first century, this thesis will propose a set of aesthetic criteria for achieving an authentic setting for sacred music from all periods. / by Daniel Copher. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2012. / Includes bibliography. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / System requirements: Adobe Reader.

The socio-musical practice of sampling is closely associated with the re-use of pre-existing sound recordings and the technological processes of looping. These practices, based on appropriation and repetition, have been particularly common within the genres of hip-hop and Electronic Dance Music (EDM). Yet early digital sampling instruments such as the Fairlight Computer Musical Instrument (CMI) were not designed for these purposes. The technologists at Fairlight Instruments in Australia were primarily interested in the use of digital synthesis to imitate the sounds of acoustic instruments; sampling was a secondary concern. In the first half of the thesis, I follow digital sampling instruments like the Fairlight CMI and the E-mu Emulator by drawing on interviews with their designers and users to trace how they were used to sample the sounds of everyday life, loop sequenced patterns of sampled sounds, and sample extracts from pre-existing sound recordings. The second half of the thesis consists of case studies that follow the users of digital sampling technologies across a range of socio-musical worlds to examine the diversity of contemporary sampling practices. Using concepts from the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS), this thesis focuses on the ‘user-technology nexus’ and continues a shift in the writing of histories of technologies from a focus on the designers of technologies towards the contexts of use and ‘the co-construction’ or ‘mutual shaping’ of technologies and their users. As an example of the ‘interpretative flexibility’ of music technologies, digital sampling technologies were used in ways unimagined by their designers and sampling became synonymous with re-appropriation. My argument is that a history of digital sampling technologies needs to be a history of both the designers and the users of digital sampling technologies.

Le sanctuaire de Delphes a connu pendant toute la période une vie musicale effervescente, notamment par la tenue périodique des prestigieux concours pythiques Cependant, on ne s’était jamais demandé pourquoi la musique y a connu une telle faveur. Il faut remarquer que bien des aspects des musiques données à Delphes sont communs à d’autres sanctuaires : l’Apollon citharède honoré à Delphes est panhellénique et les offrandes qui lui sont consacrées, instruments comme compositions, se trouvent sur d’autres sites. Mais Delphes a ses spécificités : l’interaction d’un environnement sonore adéquat, de la pratique oraculaire et de la volonté amphictyonique de distinguer les concours de pythiques, dans la mesure de leur liberté, en font un cas unique. C’est ainsi que l’on peut parler de « centre musical », au sens où Delphes est une étape obligée des parcours géographiques et sociaux des musiciens et un terrain d’échanges privilégié tant dans la pratique que la théorie musicales. Au terme de cette étude, il paraît clair que Delphes a occupé une place originale dans l’histoire de la musique antique, éminemment paradoxale : c’est un site incontournable pour les musiciens, alors même qu’il n’y eut jamais d’école de musique locale forte à Delphes. C’est là que se trouve sans doute la réponse à notre question : la prospérité musicale de Delphes peut venir de ce que le sanctuaire est un terrain qui était perçu comme neutre par tous les musiciens du monde grec, où ils se retrouvaient égaux par les règles spécifiques en usage à Delphes et qui n’avantageaient aucun musicien originaire des lieux. / The musical life was particularly brilliant in the sanctuary of Delphi, especially during the prestigious Pythian contests. Indeed, no scholar has ever wondered why music was so pregnant in Delphi. Many aspects of the musical life in Delphi are common in comparison to other Greek sanctuaries: Apollo Kitharoidos is a panhellenic god and votive offerings for him (instruments and scores) can be found elsewhere. However, there are some specific features: due to the interaction between an impressive soundscape, the oracular cult and the decision of the Amphictiony to make a distinction between Pythian contests and other ones, Delphi is unique. That is why Delphi can be considered as a “musical centre”: all Greek musicians travel to Delphi, so as to increase their social status; furthermore, there were lots of musical transferts between musicians; so that they may change their own way of playing or understang music. At the end of our study, it is obvious that Delphi has got a specific place in the history of ancient music, but it is quite paradoxical: it is necessary for musicians to come to Delphi, although there is no local music school at all in Delphi. It could be the answer to our preliminary question: Delphi may have been seen by all of the Greek musicians as a neutral site, where no advantage was given to anybody else. In fact, all musicians were equally treated because of the specific rules used in Delphi.

Im vogtländischen Musikwinkel und in direkter Nachbarschaft zu Bayern und Tschechien gelegen, befindet sich die kleinste Zweigbibliothek des Bibliothekssystems der Westsächsischen Hochschule Zwickau. Wer von Zwickau kommend nach etwa 60 Kilometern Markneukirchen erreicht, trifft nach wenigen 100 Metern auf eine sehr schön restaurierte Jugendstilvilla, die sogenannte Merz-Villa. Von außen verrät das Gebäude nicht sofort seine Bestimmung als Ausbildungsstandort für den Studiengang Musikinstrumentenbau der Westsächsischen Hochschule Zwickau mit seiner kleinen, feinen Bibliothek.

This creative project adapted the basic elements of the teaching methods of Zoltan Kodaly and Carl Orff to the teaching of the recorder. The resulting recorder teaching method includes the sequential presentation of musical concepts and skills of the Kodaly approach, and the philosophies and techniques for developing creativity of the Orff approach.The method consists of forty-one graduated phases of development accompanied by appropriate song materials and suggestions for varied creative activities included for the purpose of providing practice and experience with the musical concepts presented in the lessons.

This paper is divided into two broad sections. The first section traces the life and career of John Graas through an examination of the contents of the John Graas Memorabilia and Memorial Library, which contains photo albums, newspaper clippings, records and tapes, approximately one hundred original compositions, and personal correspondence between the author and people who knew and worked with Graas.The second section is an examination and discussion of Graas's original compositions. This discussion traces Graas's compositional development and growth as an acknowledged jazz composer through the melodic analysis of selected original compositions.Findings1. John Graas was a classically-schooled horn player who studied with Max Pottag and Wilhelm Valkanier, and performed with the Indianapolis and Cleveland orchestras.2. He was best known for being the first horn player to achieve prominence in the jazz field. Graas acquired his jazz skills first as a performer with Thornhill, Beneke, and Kenton, and later as a composition student of Lennie Tristano, Shorty Rogers and Dr. Wesley LaViolette. 3. Numbering over one-hundred compositions, Graas’ works range from standard to innovative works for various-sized ensembles, including works for solo horn, solo piano, a television score, and his Jazz Symphony #1, written for full symphony orchestra and nine-piece jazz ensemble.Conclusions1. Graas was acknowledged as the first horn player to achieve prominence in the field of jazz, as recognized by such top, jazz polls as Down Beat, Metronome, and Playboy, from 1955 to 1961.2. His early improvisations helped to open the jazz field to future jazz hornists: Watkins, Amram, Ruff, Varner.3. Graas showed true pioneer spirit by working hard to expand limits placed on the horn by classical tradition, in order to reach a new and different standard of performance. / School of Music

Orientadores: Paulo Mugayar Kuhl, Mônica Isabel Lucas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T01:07:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tettamanti_GiuliadaRocha_M.pdf: 42172103 bytes, checksum: f502c487c17a7304737c2e7b6623a378 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este trabalho consiste no estudo e tradução da Obra Intitulada Fontegara de Silvestro Ganassi dal Fontego, tocador da Ilustríssima Senhoria de Veneza. A obra, que consiste no primeiro tratado completo e detalhado sobre a flauta doce e sobre a arte da diminuição, foi impressa pelo próprio autor em 1535 e dedicada ao Doge Andrea Gritti. Para uma compreensão abrangente do assunto, viu-se necessário levantar dados da biografia do autor, ainda escassos e dispersos, a fim de compreender melhor sua participação dentro do ambiente cultural veneziano da primeira metade do século XVI. A este respeito descobriu-se uma importante contribuição do autor como auctoritas músico-pintor da preceptiva pictórica veneziana quinhentista. Além disso, a dedicatória ao Doge, assim como os elementos especulativos inseridos no tratado coligam a Fontegara ao programa político cultural instaurado por Gritti e destinado ao resgate do Mito de Veneza após as derrotas sofridas durante as guerras contra a Liga de Cambrai. Após a tradução, viu-se necessário também a inclusão de um capítulo destinado a esclarecer os diversos pontos duvidosos do texto, assim como fornecer o repertório adequado para a compreensão da terminologia utilizada pelo autor e dos elementos da Musica Prattica do século XVI contidos na obra / Abstract: This work consists in a study and a translation of the treatise Opera Intitulata Fontegara, written by Silvestro Ganassi dal Fontego, player of the Most Illustrious Signoria of Venice. This treatise is the first complete and detailed work about recorder technique and the art of diminution. It was printed by the author himself in 1535 and dedicated to Andrea Gritti, doge of Venice at the time. For a comprehensive understanding of this subject, it was made necessary to gather data about the author's biography, still scarce and diffuse, for a better understanding of his contribution to the cultural environment in the first half of Venetian 16th century. To this respect, I found in my research an important contribution of Ganassi as both musician and painter auctoritas from the Venetian painting preceptive in the 16th century. Furthermore, the dedicatory to the Doge, as well as the speculative elements inside the treatise, associate Fontegara to the political and cultural program created by Gritti and designated to recover the Mith of Venice, after the wars of the League of Cambrai. After the translation, it was also made necessary to insert a chapter aimed at clarifying the various unreliable points in the original text, as well as providing the adequate repertory to understand the author's terminology and the elements from the 16th Century Musica Prattica inside the book / Mestrado / Fundamentos Teoricos / Mestre em Música

Orientador: Edmundo Pacheco Hora / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T11:49:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gatti_Patricia_D.pdf: 6570909 bytes, checksum: c3770189cc77bccf38252c20f45300eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O presente estudo propõe um olhar diferenciado sobre o cravo que busca ir além de sua identificação, do ponto de vista organológico e de repertório, exclusivamente com um projeto da música erudita europeia. A partir de uma reconstrução do percurso histórico do instrumento ¿ no que diz respeito aos seus aspectos construtivos, repertório ou na prática interpretativa ¿ traçam-se considerações sobre os vários debates estéticos acerca da sua adoção, a questão da autenticidade, que remete a critérios de fidelidade e legitimidade do instrumento e da sua flexibilização. Numa segunda linha de abordagem histórica do percurso do instrumento, busca-se refazer a trajetória da inserção do cravo no Brasil, com destaque em São Paulo e Campinas, a partir das referências do período colonial, das décadas de 1950 a 1970, até a formação do primeiro curso superior de cravo na Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Nesse trajeto desenhado interviram diversidade de concepções relacionadas a hábitos culturais e exigências de gostos musicais, conduzindo-se uma leitura menos restritiva dos usos do cravo ou "cravos". Dialogando com o panorama de diversidade de práticas musicais, evidencia-se a presença sutil, mas significativa do cravo em manifestações musicais modernas da cultura pop, tais como Rock, Jovem Guarda e Tropicalismo, entre outras. O estudo também aborda repertórios da atualidade, escrito para o cravo em linguagem da música brasileira de fonte popular. Por meio de dois estudos de caso, apresenta leitura analítica de peças escritas para dueto instrumental com cravo dos compositores: José Eduardo Gramani (1944-1998), que escreveu quarenta e sete peças para "cravo e rabeca", e Ricardo Matsuda (n. 1965), que compôs doze peças para "cravo e viola caipira". Buscou-se o referencial da Teoria das Tópicas, como ferramenta analítica proposta a partir do material musical usado, obtendo-se a caracterização do discurso musical para compreensão da musicalidade brasileira. O enfoque analítico orienta não só os leitores a compreenderem os mecanismos estruturais e traços significativos de peças selecionadas, mas também promovem uma possível escuta informada e um diálogo com dois autores que deixam registros musicais criativos e expressivos para o cravo, em sons com tempero e atmosfera de brasilidade / Abstract: The present study proposes a differentiated look at the harpsichord which seeks beyond its identification, from the organological and repertoire¿s viewpoint, solely with a European "soft music" project. From a reconstruction of the instrument¿s historical course ¿ regarding its constructive, repertoire and practice aspects ¿ considerations are traced about the many aesthetical debates over its adoption and authenticity, referring to accuracy and legitimacy criteria of the harpsichord and its pliancy. In a second historical approach to the instrument¿s course, the study aims to reconstruct the trajectory of its Brazilian insertion highlighting São Paulo and Campinas, from references from the Colonial period, of the 1950¿s to 70¿s, until the formation of the first higher education course in harpsichord at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (State University of Campinas). Over that course of events, intervened a variety of conceptions related to cultural manners and demands of musical tastes, with a much less restrictive reading of the uses of harpsichord, or "harpsichords", being conducted. Dialoguing with the diverse panorama of musical practices, the study evidences the subtle, but significant presence of the harpsichord in modern pop culture music manifestations, such as Rock, Jovem Guarda, Tropicalismo, among others. It also approaches current repertoire written for harpsichord in the language of Brazilian popular-sourced music. Through two instance studies, it presents analytical readings of compositions for instrumental duets with harpsichord from composers José Eduardo Gramani (1944-1998), who wrote forty seven works for harpsichord and Brazilian fiddle, and Ricardo Matsuda (b. 1965), who composed twelve works for harpsichord and Brazilian ten-stringed guitar. The Topic Theory¿s referential was sought as the proposed analytical tool for the musical material utilized, obtaining the characterization of the musical speech as to comprehend Brazilian musicality. Such foci of analysis guide not only the readers as to comprehend the structural mechanisms and significant features of selected works, but also does promote an informed listening and a dialogue with the two authors, which leave creative and expressive musical records for the harpsichord, in sounds with particular Brazilian temper and atmosphere / Doutorado / Praticas Interpretativas / Doutora em Música

Si dans son aspect physique l’arc musical est simple, à l’issu de notre étude, nous nous rendons compte qu’il n’est plus indiqué de le qualifier comme tel. Car dans sa forme fondamentale (branche arquée maintenue dans cette position par une lanière), il renferme une complexité qui se dévoile à nous par les liens qui existent entre les différents éléments qui composent l’arc. Sa complexité est également apparente dans la variété des arcs musicaux, dans le jeu propre à chaque arc et dans la divergence des techniques et circonstances de jeu. L’analyse acoustique des sons de cet instrument en révèle d’avantage sa complexité à travers la variété de la nature des sons puis leur fluctuation que nous avons eu le temps de constater. Enfin, dans la signification que les populations donnent à cet instrument, la complexité de l’arc musical se fait plus flagrante car elle laisse se dévoiler un aspect de l’identité sociale des peuples aussi bien ceux qui l’observent dans les musées que ceux chez qui sont collectionnés ces instruments. Car si pour les uns il est instrument de divertissement, pour les autres, il est objet de rituel, instrument parleur et médiateur, objet chargé d’une profonde et riche histoire des peuples d’Afrique. Nous espérons enfin que notre étude permettra une bonne collaboration entre le nord et le sud, pour une connaissance plus juste de l’autre, une connaissance fondée sur des valeurs et non des préjugés. / If the mouthbow appears simple in its physical aspect, the research we have undertaken proves the opposite. In its basic form (a hooked branch held together by a strip), it contains a complex reality which could only be understood by considering the links which exist between the different elements which make up the bow. Its complexity can equally be perceived in the variety of musical bows, the uniqueness of each bow as well as the divergent techniques and circumstances under which they are played. The acoustic analysis of the sounds of this instrument reveals even more its complexity through the variety of the nature of the sounds, as well as their fluctuation that we have been able to observe through our study. Finally, through the meaning that the people give to this instrument, the complexity of the musical bow is even more blatant in the sense that it brings to bare an aspect of the social identity of the people to those who observe this instrument in the museums as well as those who keep them as private objects. If for some it is a simple instrument for entertainment, for others, it is a ritual object, a talking and mediatory instrument which encloses a deep and rich history of the people of Africa. It is our hope that our research will call for a deeper collaboration between the North and the South in such matters, a real desire to know the other based on values and not on prejudices.