Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-10T12:50:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreDeOliveiraLima_TESE.pdf: 7736599 bytes, checksum: 3fd9e0107c2d70abcb3d0e9689d0714b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-11T14:33:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreDeOliveiraLima_TESE.pdf: 7736599 bytes, checksum: 3fd9e0107c2d70abcb3d0e9689d0714b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-11T14:33:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlexandreDeOliveiraLima_TESE.pdf: 7736599 bytes, checksum: 3fd9e0107c2d70abcb3d0e9689d0714b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Apesar do n?mero significativo de barragens constru?das nos ?ltimos anos no Brasil e mesmo em outros pa?ses, s?o poucos os estudos t?cnicos que d?o suporte a este crescimento. Com o objetivo de propor uma nova abordagem metodol?gica para o processo de loca??o e monitoramento de barragens subterr?neas, em condi??es de clima semi?rido, foram realizados estudos em duas sub-bacias hidrogr?ficas (do rio das Cobras e Pau Lavrado) ambas situadas no semi?rido do Estado do Rio Grande. Nesta nova abordagem foram realizados estudos de caracteriza??o f?sica (morfometria e perfil longitudinal) e de caracteriza??o hidroqu?mica (?guas superficiais e subterr?neas). Adicionalmente, foi empregado o Radar de Penetra??o no Solo (GPR) para realizar o imageamento do corpo aluvionar e, posteriormente, gerar o modelo virtual 3D das ?reas imageadas. Uma vez que um dos principais problemas identificados nesta regi?o foi a saliniza??o, a avalia??o mensal da salinidade e da varia??o do n?vel da ?gua foram tamb?m monitorados em tr?s barragens subterr?neas constru?das em 2010. As informa??es sobre a din?mica erosional e deposicional ao longo da bacia permitiram indicar os locais de instala??o e o tipo mais adequado de barragem subterr?nea a ser constru?da (submers?vel ou submersa). O estudo hidroqu?mico indicou que a precipita??o pluviom?trica, a posi??o espacial e a din?mica de renova??o da ?gua nos reservat?rios foram os fatores que mais influenciaram na sua salinidade. Por outro lado, o uso do GPR possibilitou a visualiza??o do contato do corpo aluvionar e de seu embasamento, levando a indica??o dos melhores locais para coloca??o do septo imperme?vel, aliando a menor profundidade de escava??o a maior capacidade de acumula??o h?drica, permitindo, assim, o c?lculo do volume do aluvi?o. Pode-se concluir que o monitoramento das barragens subterr?neas permitiu avaliar a influ?ncia da integra??o das ?guas superficiais e subterr?neas, principalmente relacionado ? presen?a de a?udes ? montante das barragens subterr?neas, na capacidade de recarga e na qualidade das ?guas armazenadas nas barragens subterr?neas. / Despite the significant number of underground dams built in the recent years in Brazil and other countries, few studies provide technical support to this growth. In order to suggest a new methodological approach to the process of location and monitoring of underground dams in semi-arid weather conditions, this study aimed to evaluate two watershed sub-basins, located at the river of Cobras and the river of Pau Lavrado), both situated in the semi-arid state of Rio Grande do Norte. To reach this goal physical (morphologic and longitudinal profiles) and hydro-chemical characterization (superficial or underground water) were performed. Additionally, the imaging process of the alluvial body by using a Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) was assessed to generate a 3D virtual model of the area. Because one of the main problems verified in this region is the water salinization, a monthly assessment of the salinity and the variation of the water level at three underground dams were also performed. The obtained data about the erosional and depositional dynamics presented on the entire basin allowed to determine not only the best place to build an underground dam, but also to determine which kind underground dam should be built (submersible or submerged). The results revealed that the hydro-chemical rainfall, the spatial position and the dynamic exchanges of the underground dams were the main factors that influence their degree of salinization. On the other hand, the GPR imaging enabled the visualization of both the contact and the alluvial foundation from the underground dam leading to the indication of the best place for placement of the waterproof septum. Such technique allows one to combine the lowest depth of excavation to build an underground dam that generates the highest capacity of water accumulation and, therefore, calculates its volume of alluvium. As a conclusion, the monitoring of the underground dams revealed to be of utmost importance to evaluate the influence of the superficial and underground water not only on the recharging of the underground dams, but also on their water quality.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-04T19:34:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KelliaDeOliveiraBezerril_DISSERT.pdf: 5932090 bytes, checksum: 423ec312fe919813070b66476287b4af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-10T22:26:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KelliaDeOliveiraBezerril_DISSERT.pdf: 5932090 bytes, checksum: 423ec312fe919813070b66476287b4af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T22:26:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KelliaDeOliveiraBezerril_DISSERT.pdf: 5932090 bytes, checksum: 423ec312fe919813070b66476287b4af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-04 / O crescimento desordenado da capital potiguar ocorrido a partir da d?cada de 1970 ocasionou s?rios problemas ambientais urbanos. Nesse contexto de r?pido incremento populacional, a constitui??o do Lix?o de Cidade Nova ampliou a problem?tica socioambiental por via da emiss?o elevada de chorume no solo culminando na contamina??o do len?ol fre?tico, o que trouxe s?rios problemas para a qualidade do abastecimento h?drico da popula??o. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa busca analisar a rela??o entre a contamina??o gerada pela deposi??o dos res?duos s?lidos no Lix?o de Cidade Nova por mais de tr?s d?cadas e o prec?rio esgotamento sanit?rio implantado nos bairros de Felipe Camar?o, Planalto e Guarapes. Foi feito levantamento bibliogr?fico para a discuss?o sobre esta rela??o entre urbaniza??o, problem?tica socioambiental e contamina??o de ?guas subterr?neas. Al?m disso, foi feito tamb?m um levantamento sobre a estrutura f?sica da ?rea de estudo, assim como das legisla??es relativas ? tem?tica. Ainda no plano metodol?gico, foi feita pesquisa de campo nos po?os destinados ao abastecimento h?drico P1 e P5 no bairro de Felipe Camar?o e P2 no bairro do Planalto no per?odo de maio de 2014 a maio de 2015. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que h? contamina??o das ?guas destinadas ao abastecimento humano nos referidos bairros, e que esta adv?m da inadequada deposi??o de res?duos s?lidos no solo, assim como da aus?ncia de um adequado esgotamento sanit?rio. A pesquisa apresenta como conclus?o a constata??o de latente necessidade de pol?ticas p?blicas que atenuem tais problemas no contexto socioambiental da ?rea estudada. / The uncontrolled growth of Natal occurred at the 1970s caused serious urban environmental problems. In this context, the establishment of the ?Cidade Nova? trash dump has expanded social and environmental problems by the high emission of contaminant itens on the soil, resulting in contamination of the water table, which brought serious problems for the quality of the water supply. This research aims to relate the pollution caused by the deposition of solid waste in ?Cidade Nova? trash dump for more than three decades and the precarious sanitation deployed in the districts of Felipe Camar?o, Planalto and Guarapes, with the consequent contamination of the wells of respective districts for human consumption. For this purpose, the literature was researched to the discussion about the relationship between urbanization, environmental issues and contamination of groundwater. Furthermore, was made a research about the physical structure of the study area, even as about the laws on the subject. About the methodology, a massive fieldwork was done in the wells for the water supply P1 and P5 at the Felipe Camar?o district, and P2 at Planalto, from May/2014 to May/2015. The survey results show that there are contamination of the water intended for human consumption in those districts, and that this stems from the improper disposal of solid waste in the soil, beyond the absence of adequate sanitation, concluding that there are a latent need for public policies that mitigate such problems in the socio-environmental context of this area of study.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-04T18:50:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fernando Lima Aires Gon?alves.pdf: 4917479 bytes, checksum: d7c7e6d879e9495bcc0db5d59f03c813 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-04T18:50:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Fernando Lima Aires Gon?alves.pdf: 4917479 bytes, checksum: d7c7e6d879e9495bcc0db5d59f03c813 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Three studies were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of seedling crowning using cardboard in reforestation with arboreal species of the Atlantic. The first study aimed to test the effect of the crowning with cardboard on the growth of Atlantic Forest species planted in a pasture area with dominance of Andropogon bicornis. The experimental design was randomized blocks with two treatments and 12 repetitions. Treatments consisted of crowning with cardboard or crowning with hoe applied to 11 tree species. We evaluated the growth of plants by measuring the height (H) and diameter of the collar height (DAC) at 6, 12 and 18 months after planting beyond survival rate. It was also carried out an assessment of the costs of each treatment. The results showed that the board did not interfere significantly in any forest species assessed. However, the survival rate was higher in the treatment crown of cardboard (80.7%) compared to the capping treatment with hoe (73.1%). In the economic aspect, the crowning with cardboard obtained material cost and labor up to 50% lower than the crowning with hoe. In the second study we evaluated the crowning efficiency with cardboard in the suppression of four species of grasses commonly found in forest areas in the Atlantic Forest. Four experiments were set up in places with dominant species A. bicornis, Urochloa decumbens, Urochloa umidicola and Panicum maximum. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications. The treatments were the culmination of cardboard and without crowning. The cardboard efficiency was monitored by sampling the total biomass and the level of senescence of grasses in the area crowned. The cardboard was efficient in suppressing the four species of grasses evaluated, because after the evaluation period (100- 170 days) had hardly live plant material in the field of crowns. In the third study was rated as the crowning with cardboard influences the temperature and moisture in the surface layers in the soil. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four treatments and eight repetitions. The treatments were 1 - crown with cardboard (cardboard disposed directly on the braqui?ria); 2 - no crowning; 3 - with cardboard crown after crown with hoe (willing cardboard on the exposed soil); 4 - crowning with hoe. The moisture in the layers from 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm of soil, and the temperature in the layers 0 and 2,5 cm, 2.5 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm of the soil were monitored during periods 19 and subsequent 7 days, respectively, at a rain simulation 130 mm for 24 hours and natural rainfall of 133 mm for 13 days. The results indicated that treatment 1 (crowning with cardboard) decreased soil drying speed while maintaining higher water content in the crown area compared to the other treatments. Both capping treatments showed cardboard soil temperature in the region of the crown to 8.5?C lower than the capping treatment with cardboard. The set of results of the three studies demonstrate that the use of the capping technique with cardboard in reforestation deployment can significantly reduce operating costs after planting, either by reducing hand labor used in capping operations, as the lower need for seedlings for replanting. / Foram conduzidos tr?s estudos objetivando avaliar a efici?ncia do coroamento de mudas com papel?o em reflorestamentos com esp?cies arb?reas da Mata Atl?ntica. O primeiro estudo teve como objetivo testar o efeito do coroamento com papel?o sobre o crescimento de esp?cies da Mata Atl?ntica plantadas em uma ?rea de pastagem com domin?ncia de Andropogon bicornis. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com dois tratamentos e 12 repeti??es. Os tratamentos consistiram de coroamento com papel?o ou coroamento com enxada aplicados a 11 esp?cies arb?reas. Avaliou-se o crescimento das plantas atrav?s da mensura??o da altura (H) e di?metro a altura do coleto (DAC) aos 6, 12 e 18 meses ap?s o plantio al?m da taxa de sobreviv?ncia. Tamb?m foi realizada uma avalia??o dos custos de cada tratamento. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que o papel?o n?o interferiu de maneira significativa em nenhuma esp?cie florestal avaliada. Entretanto, a taxa de sobreviv?ncia foi maior no tratamento de coroamento com papel?o (80,7%) comparado ao tratamento de coroamento com enxada (73,1%). No aspecto econ?mico, o coroamento com papel?o obteve custo de material e m?o de obra at? 50% inferior ao do coroamento com enxada. No segundo estudo avaliou-se a efici?ncia do coroamento com papel?o na supress?o de quatro esp?cies de gram?neas forrageiras comumente encontradas em ?reas de reflorestamento no bioma Mata Atl?ntica. Foram montados quatro experimentos em s?tios com domin?ncia das esp?cies A. bicornis, Urochloa decumbens, Urochloa umidicola e Panicum maximum. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com cinco repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram o coroamento com papel?o e sem coroamento. A efici?ncia do papel?o foi monitorada atrav?s de coletas da biomassa total e do n?vel de senesc?ncia das gram?neas na ?rea coroada. O papel?o se mostrou eficiente na supress?o das quatro esp?cies de gram?neas avaliadas, pois ap?s o per?odo de avalia??o (100 a 170 dias) praticamente n?o havia material vegetal vivo na ?rea das coroas. No terceiro estudo foi avaliado como o coroamento com papel?o influencia na temperatura e umidade nas camadas superficiais no solo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro tratamentos e oito repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram 1 ? coroamento com papel?o (papel?o disposto diretamente sobre a braqui?ria); 2 ? sem coroamento; 3 ? coroamento com papel?o ap?s coroamento com enxada (papel?o disposto sobre o solo exposto); 4 ? coroamento com enxada. A umidade, nas camadas de 0 a 5 cm e 5 a 10 cm do solo, e a temperatura, nas camadas de 0 a 2,5 cm, 2,5 a 5 cm e 5 a 10 cm do solo, foram monitorados durante per?odos de 19 e 7 dias subsequentes, respectivamente, a uma simula??o de chuva de 130 mm durante 24 hs e a chuvas naturais de 133 mm durante 13 dias. Os resultados indicaram que o tratamento 1 (coroamento com papel?o) diminuiu a velocidade de ressecamento do solo, mantendo maior teor de ?gua na ?rea da coroa em compara??o aos demais tratamentos. Ambos os tratamentos de coroamento com papel?o apresentaram temperatura do solo na regi?o da coroa at? 8,5?C menor do que no tratamento de coroamento com papel?o. O conjunto de resultados dos tr?s estudos realizados demonstram que o uso da t?cnica de coroamento com papel?o na implanta??o de reflorestamentos pode reduzir significativamente os custos operacionais ap?s o plantio, tanto pela redu??o de m?o-de-obra empregada em opera??es de coroamento, quanto pela menor necessidade de replantio de mudas.

Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-06T11:49:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioWagnerdaSilvaTese2016.pdf: 2085584 bytes, checksum: 26857f1b5fc2d61521d37f92336f20dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-06T11:49:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RogerioWagnerdaSilvaTese2016.pdf: 2085584 bytes, checksum: 26857f1b5fc2d61521d37f92336f20dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01 / For some time it has become common to use the whole body vibration training (IVC) for its benefits in a short period of time per session. This study evaluated the changes introduced in the body composition, bone mineral density, in hematological variables and the interleukins IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IFN-?? and TNF-??; resulting from training sessions and detraining after physical exercise in vibrating platform and a stationary bike. The final sample of 26 young sedentary women after divided into two groups: Vibration Group (GV) age 20.77 ?? 2.86 years and body mass index (BMI) 22.72 ?? 3.67 and Ergometry Group (GE) aged 20.62 ?? 4.35 years and body mass index (BMI) 21.31 ?? 4.18, both performed two distinct training programs, with 06 weeks of exercises and 06 weeks of detraining. Assessment and reassessment was carried out in three stages (T1, T2 and T3) predetermined to evaluate the changes in parameters that could be the result of conducted training. After compilation and analysis of data, significant changes in body composition were observed in bone mineral density, even in white blood count series. Significant response (p <0.050) in the collection times were identified in both groups for the variables: Hemoglobin and MCH; also we observed strong tendency to MCHC. Were also detected changes to IL2 was identified significant alteration being T1 and T2 (P <0.011) and between T1- T3 (P <0.003). While IFN-?? the major change came only between T1 and T2 (P <0.003). The results for IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-?? has been found that these cytokines have different responses according to the type of physical activity undertaken between groups (GV x EG) and also over time (T1, T2 and T3). These results lead us to conclude that there is physiological adaptation to training and detraining independent of the type of exercise performed. / H?? algum tempo tem se tornado comum ?? utiliza????o do treinamento de vibra????o de corpo inteiro (VCI) por seus benef??cios em um curto per??odo de tempo por sess??o. Este estudo avaliou as altera????es promovidas na composi????o corporal, na densidade mineral ??ssea, nas vari??veis hematol??gicas e nas interleucinas IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IFN-?? e T NF-??; resultantes de sess??es de treinamento e do destreinamento ap??s o exerc??cio f??sico realizado em plataforma vibrat??ria e bicicleta ergom??trica. A amostra final foi de 26 mulheres jovens e sedent??rias que depois de divididas em dois grupos: Grupo Vibra????o (GV) idade 20,77 ?? 2,86 anos e ??ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC) 22,72 ?? 3,67 e Grupo Ergometria (GE) idade 20,62 ?? 4,35 anos e ??ndice de Massa Corporal (IMC) 21,31 ?? 4,18, ambos realizaram dois programas distintos de treinamento, com 06 semanas de exerc??cios e 06 semanas de destreinamento. Foi realizada a avalia????o e as reavalia????es em tr??s momentos (T1,T2 e T3) pr??-determinados para avaliar as altera????es nos par??metros que pudessem ser resultantes do treinamento realizado. Ap??s a compila????o e analise dos dados, n??o foram observadas altera????es significativas na composi????o corporal, na densidade mineral ??ssea, nem mesmo na s??rie branca do hemograma. Respostas significantes (p < 0.05) nos tempos de coleta foram identificadas em ambos os grupos para as vari??veis: Hemoglobina e HCM; observamos forte tend??ncia para CHCM. Tamb??m foram detectadas altera????es para IL2 foi identificada altera????o significante ente T1 e T2 (P<0,011) e entre T1-T3 (P<0,003). Enquanto para IFN-?? a altera????o importante apareceu somente entre T1 e T2 (P<0,003). Os resultados para IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 e TNF-?? mostraram que, estas citocinas inflamat??rias, apresentam respostas diferentes de acordo com o tipo de atividade f??sica realizada entre os Grupos (GV x GE) e tamb??m ao longo dos tempos (T1, T2 e T3). Estes resultados nos levam a concluir que existe adapta????o fisiol??gica ao treinamento e ao destreinamento independente do tipo de exerc??cio f??sico realizado.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RigobertoGC_DISSERT.pdf: 2462609 bytes, checksum: 1753126d41dc7df59645485b6308c3f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-30 / Background. Gaucher Disease (GD) is a hereditary lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of glucosylceramide, mainly in the cells of the reticuloendothelial system, due to a deficiency of the enzyme acid &#946;-glucosidase (GBA). Diagnosis is usually based on measurement of GBA activity in peripheral leukocytes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of screening for GBA and chitotriosidase activity using Dried Blood Spots on Filter Paper (DBS-FP) to identify individuals at high risk for GD in high-risk populations such as that of Tabuleiro do Norte, a small town in Northeastern Brazil. Methods. Between June 1, 2007 and May 31, 2008, 740 consented residents and descendants of traditional families from Tabuleiro do Norte were submitted to screening with DBS-FP. Subjects with GBA activity <2.19 nmol/h/mL were referred to analysis of GBA and chitotriosidase activity in peripheral leukocytes and in plasma, respectively. Subjects at highest risk for GD (GBA activity in peripheral leukocytes <5.6 nmol/h/mg protein) were submitted to molecular analysis to confirm diagnosis. Results. Screening with DBS-FP identified 135 subjects (18.2%) with GBA activity <2.19 nmol/h/mL, 131 of whom remained in the study. In 10 of these (7.6%), GBA activity in leukocytes was 2.6 5.5 nmol/h/mg protein. Subsequent molecular analysis confirmed 6 cases of heterozygosity and 4 normals for GD. Conclusion. DBS-FP assay was shown to be an effective initial GD screening strategy for high-prevalence populations in developing regions. Diagnosis could not be established from GBA activity in leukocytes alone, but required confirmation with molecular analysis / A doen?a de Gaucher (DG) ? uma patologia de dep?sito de gordura nos lisossomos, de heran?a autoss?mica recessiva, caracterizada pelo ac?mulo do substrato glicosilceramida, principalmente nas c?lulas do sistema reticuloendotelial, em raz?o da defici?ncia da enzima &#946;-glicosidase ?cida (GBA). O diagn?stico, comumente, ? feito pela dosagem da atividade da GBA em leuc?citos perif?ricos. Tabuleiro do Norte (TN), Cear?, Brasil, ? um munic?pio com cerca de 28.000 habitantes com a preval?ncia da DG de 1:4.000 habitantes, possivelmente a mais elevada do Brasil. O objetivo da disserta??o ? avaliar o rastreamento para DG realizado em TN com base na an?lise das atividades enzim?ticas da GBA e da quitotriosidase em amostras Sangue Seco em Papel de Filtro (SSPF). Entre 01 de junho de 2007 a 31 de maio de 2008, 740 indiv?duos residentes e descendentes de fam?lias de TN participaram do rastreamento para DG a partir de amostras de SSPF. Indiv?duos com atividade GBA<2,19 nmol/h/mL foram selecionados para an?lise da atividade da GBA e da quitotriosidase em leuc?citos perif?ricos e no plasma, respectivamente. Os indiv?duos com maiores riscos de DG (atividade de GBA em leuc?citos perif?ricos <5,6 nmol/h/mg de prote?na) foram referenciados para an?lise molecular para confirma??o diagn?stica. A triagem com amostras de SSPF identificou 135 indiv?duos (18,2%) com atividade da GBA<2,19 nmol/h/mL, dos quais 131 permaneceram no estudo. Em dez destes (7,6%), a atividade da GBA em leuc?citos variou de 2,6-5,5 nmol/ h/mg de prote?na, considerados suspeitos da DG. A an?lise molecular subsequente revelou, entretanto, que se tratava de seis indiv?duos heterozigotos para a muta??o G377S e, em quatro deles, n?o foram identificadas muta??es da DG. A an?lise enzim?tica de amostras de SSPF mostrou ser uma estrat?gia eficaz de triagem da DG em popula??es com alto risco, mas a medida da atividade da GBA em leuc?citos deve ser realizada para confirma??o diagn?stica. O diagn?stico de DG em indiv?duos assintom?ticos n?o deve ser firmado baseando-se apenas na an?lise da atividade da GBA em leuc?citos, sendo necess?ria, tamb?m, a confirma??o diagn?stica pela an?lise molecular

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SivanildoAD.pdf: 2044307 bytes, checksum: 3d535f35ff0c6191d99eb97b38d3f628 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-08-25 / The present work aims to analyze the several proportional electoral systems from the contemporaries democracies in order to, in the end, purpose a system that better fits to the constitutional Brazilian order. In this direction, we pursued to indicate the main virtues and imperfections in proportional electoral systems in use in more than two hundred countries, especially relating to the positive and negative effects that these systems inject in the party systems, in the governability and in the representativity. In order to collect elements, and also before getting to the work s main point, other issues were approached, even in a shortened way. Nevertheless, in a position taking, we conclude the work opting for a proportional electoral system that potencializes the constitutional principles of representativity and governability as well as prints a party system strong and strict, once these are the depositaries of a democracy compromised with the Brazilian society / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar os diversos sistemas eleitorais proporcionais das democracias contempor?neas para, ao final, propor um sistema que melhor se adeq?e ao ordenamento constitucional brasileiro. Nesse sentido, buscou-se apontar as principais virtudes e imperfei??es dos sistemas eleitorais proporcionais atualmente em vigor em mais de duzentos pa?ses, principalmente no que diz respeito aos efeitos positivos e negativos que esses sistemas projetam no sistema partid?rio, na governabilidade e na representatividade. De forma a colher subs?dios e, antes de chegar ao tema central do trabalho, outras quest?es tamb?m foram abordadas, ainda que de forma abreviada. Por?m, numa tomada de posi??o, conclui-se o trabalho optando-se por um sistema eleitoral proporcional que potencialize os princ?pios constitucionais da representatividade e da governabilidade e imprima um sistema partid?rio forte e coeso, visto serem esses deposit?rios de uma democracia comprometida com a sociedade brasileira

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-22T19:43:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ElianeBarbosaSantos_TESE.pdf: 12375456 bytes, checksum: 7daa07681473d4db8c2d1385401d3938 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-28T20:39:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ElianeBarbosaSantos_TESE.pdf: 12375456 bytes, checksum: 7daa07681473d4db8c2d1385401d3938 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-28T20:39:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElianeBarbosaSantos_TESE.pdf: 12375456 bytes, checksum: 7daa07681473d4db8c2d1385401d3938 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Os Eventos de Precipita??o Intensa (EPI) v?m causando grandes preju?zos sociais e econ?micos ?s regi?es atingidas. Na Amaz?nia, esses eventos podem causar importantes impactos principalmente aos n?cleos de ocupa??o populacional nas margens dos seus in?meros rios, pois quando h? eleva??o do n?vel dos rios, em geral, t?m-se inunda??es e enchentes. Neste sentido, o objetivo principal desta pesquisa ? estudar os EPI, com aplica??o da Teoria dos Valores Extremos (TVE), para estimar o per?odo de retorno desses eventos e identificar as regi?es da Amaz?nia Brasileira onde os EPI apresentam seus maiores valores. Para tanto, foram utilizados os dados di?rios de precipita??o da rede hidrometeorol?gica gerenciada pela Ag?ncia Nacional de ?gua e do Banco de Dados Meteorol?gicos para Ensino e Pesquisa do Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia, referente ao per?odo de 1983 a 2012. Primeiramente, regi?es homog?neas de precipita??o foram determinadas, por meio da an?lise de agrupamento, utilizando o m?todo hier?rquico aglomerativo de Ward. Em seguida, s?ries sint?ticas para representar as regi?es homog?neas foram criadas e aplicadas na TVE, por interm?dio da Distribui??o Generalizada de Valores Extremos (Generalized Extreme Value - GEV) e da Distribui??o Generalizada de Pareto (Generalized Pareto Distribution - GPD). A qualidade do ajuste dessas distribui??es foi avaliada pela aplica??o do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, que compara as distribui??es emp?ricas acumuladas com as te?ricas. Por ?ltimo, a t?cnica de composi??o foi utilizada para caracterizar os padr?es atmosf?ricos dominantes na ocorr?ncia dos EPI. Os resultados sugerem que a Amaz?nia Brasileira possui seis regi?es pluviometricamente homog?neas. Espera-se que os EPI com maiores valores ocorram nas sub-regi?es do sul e litoral da Amaz?nia. Os eventos mais intensos s?o esperados durante o per?odo chuvoso ou de transi??o, com total di?rio de 146.1, 143.1 e 109.4 mm (GEV) e 201.6, 209.5 e 152.4 mm (GPD), ao menos uma vez ao ano, no sul, litoral e noroeste da Amaz?nia Brasileira, respectivamente. No sul da Amaz?nia, as an?lises de composi??o revelam que os EPI est?o associados com a forma??o da Zona de Converg?ncia do Atl?ntico Sul. No litoral, os EPI devem estar associados com sistemas de mesoescala, como as Linhas de Instabilidade. No noroeste, s?o aparentemente associados ? Zona de Converg?ncia Intertropical e/ou ? convec??o local. / Intense precipitation events (IPE) have been causing great social and economic losses in the affected regions. In the Amazon, these events can have serious impacts, primarily for populations living on the margins of its countless rivers, because when water levels are elevated, floods and/or inundations are generally observed. Thus, the main objective of this research is to study IPE, through Extreme Value Theory (EVT), to estimate return periods of these events and identify regions of the Brazilian Amazon where IPE have the largest values. The study was performed using daily rainfall data of the hydrometeorological network managed by the National Water Agency (Ag?ncia Nacional de ?gua) and the Meteorological Data Bank for Education and Research (Banco de Dados Meteorol?gicos para Ensino e Pesquisa) of the National Institute of Meteorology (Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia), covering the period 1983-2012. First, homogeneous rainfall regions were determined through cluster analysis, using the hierarchical agglomerative Ward method. Then synthetic series to represent the homogeneous regions were created. Next EVT, was applied in these series, through Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and the Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD). The goodness of fit of these distributions were evaluated by the application of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, which compares the cumulated empirical distributions with the theoretical ones. Finally, the composition technique was used to characterize the prevailing atmospheric patterns for the occurrence of IPE. The results suggest that the Brazilian Amazon has six pluvial homogeneous regions. It is expected more severe IPE to occur in the south and in the Amazon coast. More intense rainfall events are expected during the rainy or transitions seasons of each sub-region, with total daily precipitation of 146.1, 143.1 and 109.4 mm (GEV) and 201.6, 209.5 and 152.4 mm (GPD), at least once year, in the south, in the coast and in the northwest of the Brazilian Amazon, respectively. For the south Amazonia, the composition analysis revealed that IPE are associated with the configuration and formation of the South Atlantic Convergence Zone. Along the coast, intense precipitation events are associated with mesoscale systems, such Squall Lines. In Northwest Amazonia IPE are apparently associated with the Intertropical Convergence Zone and/or local convection.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:55:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PauloVS_DISSERT.pdf: 1338370 bytes, checksum: 7f4728ef2faffa30200a5b0daf963f20 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work describes the experimental implementation of a shunt active power filter applied to a three-phase induction generator. The control strategy of active filter turned to the excitation control of the machine and to decrease the harmonics in the generator output current. Involved the implementation of a digital PWM switching, and was made a comparison of two techniques for obtaining the reference currents. The first technique is based on the synchronous dq reference method and the second on the theory of instantaneous power. The comparison is performed via simulation and experimental results. To obtain the experimental results, was mounted a bench trial and the control and communications needed were implemented using DSP - MS320F2812. The simulation results and experimental data proved the efficiency of the filter to apply, highlighting the technique of instantaneous power / Este trabalho descreve a implementa??o experimental de um filtro ativo paralelo de pot?ncia aplicado a um gerador de indu??o trif?sico. A estrat?gia de controle do filtro ativo voltou-se para o controle de excita??o da m?quina e para a minimiza??o dos harm?nicos na corrente de sa?da do gerador. Envolveu a implementa??o de um chaveamento PWM digital, tendo sido realizada a compara??o de duas t?cnicas para obten??o das correntes de refer?ncia. A primeira t?cnica se baseia no m?todo referencial s?ncrono dq e a segunda na teoria das pot?ncias instant?neas. A compara??o ? realizada via simula??o e resultados experimentais. Para obten??o dos resultados experimentais, foi montada uma bancada experimental e o controle e comunica??es necess?rias foram implementados utilizando-se um DSP - TMS320F2812. Os resultados de simula??o e experimentais obtidos comprovaram a efici?ncia do filtro para a aplica??o, com destaque para a t?cnica das pot?ncias instant?neas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LiciaCAD_DISSERT.pdf: 2677330 bytes, checksum: b31dc25664e4323abc4cf118d23de817 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-06 / The Serido is a region of northeastern Brazil highlighted by its problems related to water scarcity because of its semi-arid region, large rates of evaporation and rainfall irregular and scarce. Thus, the underground dams, become a strategically important resource with a simple and inexpensive technique for storage of water. They act in a positive way in the development of inland cities that suffer from drought, because in addition to exercise a great improvement in the social role of these families, can enjoy the type of soil (silt) and provides water for both irrigation and for human consumption throughout the year. Is therefore essential to its monitoring and studies to assess its effectiveness in accordance with its purposes, along with their wells Amazons, as can occur in conditions of physical degradation, chemical and microbiological appropriate, according to the Ordinance No 518/04 Ministry of Health, however, the proposed work aims to analyze the underground dams in the municipality of Sierra Negra North-RN (semi-arid region) as to their uses and their influences on the quality and quantity of water in periods of drought and rain. Analyzing monthly these parameters: determination of pH, conductivity, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, sulfate, RAS (sodium adsorption ratio), turbidity, total iron, nitrite, nitrate, total dissolved solids (STD), bicarbonate (HCO3), fecal coliform and pesticides compared to the standards allowed by the Ordinance in force for quality for human consumption. While at the risk of salinity and sodicity on the model proposed by the United Salinity Laboratory (USSL). Although efficient, it was found that results varied annually on water quality which may influence their specific uses, whether or irrigation water supply in the city / O Serid? ? uma regi?o do nordeste brasileiro em destaque por seus problemas relacionados ? escassez de ?gua, devido ao seu clima semi-?rido, grandes taxas de evapora??o e chuvas irregulares e escassas. Assim, as barragens subterr?neas, tornam-se um recurso estrategicamente importante com uma t?cnica simples e barata de armazenamento de ?gua. Estas atuam de forma positiva no desenvolvimento das cidades interioranas que sofrem com a seca, pois, al?m de exercer um grande papel social no beneficiamento dessas fam?lias, conseguem aproveitar o tipo de solo (aluvi?o) e disponibiliza ?gua tanto para irriga??o quanto para o consumo humano durante todo o ano. Sendo, portanto imprescind?vel o seu monitoramento bem como estudos que avaliem sua efici?ncia de acordo com seus fins, juntamente com seus po?os amazonas, uma vez que pode ocorrer a degrada??o das condi??es f?sico-qu?micas e microbiol?gicas adequadas, conforme a Portaria n? 518/04 do Minist?rio da Sa?de. Contudo, o trabalho proposto tem como objetivo analisar as barragens subterr?neas do munic?pio de Serra Negra do Norte RN (regi?o semi-?rida) quanto aos seus usos e as suas influ?ncias na qualidade e quantidade da ?gua, nos per?odos de seca e de chuva. Analisando mensalmente tais par?metros: determina??o de pH, condutividade el?trica, c?lcio, magn?sio, s?dio, pot?ssio, cloreto, sulfato, RAS (raz?o de adsor??o de s?dio), turbidez, ferro total, nitrito, nitrato, s?lidos totais dissolvidos (STD), bicarbonato (HCO3), coliformes fecais e Pesticidas comparando com os padr?es permitidos pela Portaria em vigor para qualidade para o consumo humano. Enquanto, ao risco de salinidade e sodicidade de acordo com o modelo proposto pelo United Salinity Laboratory (USSL). Apesar de eficientes, encontraram-se resultados que variaram anualmente na qualidade da ?gua as quais podem influenciar nos seus determinados usos, sejam eles irriga??o ou abastecimento h?drico da cidade

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CynthiaGFA_DISSERT.pdf: 579676 bytes, checksum: a64cd9a0438cbc31d01a8c8988a7d1bd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-20 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of housing and the physical and chemical characteristics of meat from sheep raised on pasture Brachiaria brizantha and Panicum maximum. The experiment was conducted in the physical area of the Study Group on Forage (GEFOR), located in the Academic Unit Specialized in Agricultural Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN in Maca?ba, RN, Brazil. We used 32 lambs SPRD, obtained from herds in the state, with liveweight (LW) of 24.5 kg were assigned randomly to four treatments consisting of tropical grasses, two cultivars of Brachiaria brizantha, Marandu and Piat?, and two of Panicum maximum, Aruana and Massai. The experimental area was 2.88 ha, divided into 4 paddocks of 0.72 ha, where each picket consisted of a farm and was divided into six plots of 0.12 ha, where the animals remained under rotational grazing. The period of adaptation to the pickets was seven days. At the beginning of the experiment the animals were weighed, identified with plastic earrings and necklaces colored according to the treatment, and treated against. The lambs were loose in the paddock at 8 am and collected at 16 hours, which returned to collective pens. During the time of grazing animals had free access to mineral supplement with monensin Ovinof?s ? and water. Before entering the paddocks of pasture were sampled to characterize the chemical composition. Every seven days occurred at weighing, with fasting, to monitor the weight development. Cultivars Marandu, Aruana, Piat? and Massai were grazed for 133, 129, 143 and 142 days, respectively, until the lambs reach slaughter weight. Arriving at 32 kg lambs were evaluated subjectively for body condition score by, passed through fasting period, diet and water for 16 hours were slaughtered. Measurements were made in the inner and outer casings in addition to subjective evaluations regarding muscling, finish and quantity of pelvic-renal fat, then each was divided longitudinally into two half-carcases and cuts were made in the commercial left half, and after heavy calculated their income. Between the 12th and 13th thoracic vertebrae, was performed a cut to expose the cross section of the Longissimus dorsi, which was drawn on the rib eye area (REA) in transparent film. Fat thickness and extent of AOL GR were determined using a caliper. A tissue composition was determined by dissection of the legs. Analyzes were performed physical (color, cooking loss and shear force) and chemical composition of meat (moisture, ash, protein and lipids) in Longissimus dorsi muscle. Grazing tropical grass Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu and Piat? and Panicum maximum cvs. Aruana and Massai can be used for lambs SRPD in the rainy season, because not alter the physico-chemical and chemical composition of meat / Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a qualidade da carca?a e das caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas da carne de ovinos criados em pasto de Brachiaria brizantha e Panicum maximum. O experimento foi conduzido na ?rea f?sica do Grupo de Estudos em Forragicultura (GEFOR), situado na Unidade Acad?mica Especializada em Ci?ncias Agr?rias Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, em Maca?ba, RN. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros SPRD, obtidos de rebanhos do Estado, com peso vivo (PV) m?dio de 24,5kg, distribu?dos aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos constitu?dos por gram?neas tropicais, sendo duas cultivares de Brachiaria brizantha, Marandu e Piat?; e duas de Panicum maximum, Aruana e Massai. A ?rea experimental tinha 2,88 ha, dividida em 4 piquetes de 0,72 ha, onde cada piquete consistia de uma cultivar e era dividido em 6 parcelas de 0,12 ha, onde os animais permaneciam sob pastejo rotacionado. O per?odo de adapta??o aos piquetes foi de sete dias. No in?cio do experimento os animais foram pesados, identificados com brincos pl?sticos e colares coloridos de acordo com o tratamento, e tratados contra endoparasitas. Os cordeiros eram soltos nos piquetes ?s 8 horas e recolhidos ?s 16 horas, onde retornavam ?s baias coletivas. Durante o tempo de pastejo os animais tinham livre acesso ao suplemento mineral Ovinof?s? com monensina e ?gua. Antes de entrarem nos piquetes eram colhidas amostras do pasto para caracteriza??o da composi??o qu?mica. A cada sete dias ocorriam ?s pesagens, com jejum pr?vio, para o acompanhamento do desenvolvimento ponderal. As cultivares Marandu, Aruana, Piat? e Massai foram pastejadas durante 133, 129, 143 e 142 dias, respectivamente, at? os cordeiros atingirem o peso de abate. Ao chegarem aos 32 kg os cordeiros foram avaliados subjetivamente quanto a condi??o corporal por meio escores, passaram por jejum de s?lidos, dieta h?drica durante 16 horas e foram abatidos. Foram feitas mensura??es internas e externas nas carca?as al?m de avalia??es subjetivas quanto ? musculosidade, acabamento e quantidade de gordura p?lvico-renal, depois cada uma foi dividida longitudinalmente em duas meias carca?as e foram feitos os cortes comerciais na meia carca?a esquerda, logo ap?s pesados e calculados seus rendimentos. Entre a 12? e a 13? v?rtebras tor?cicas, foi realizado um corte para expor a sec??o transversal do m?sculo Longissimus dorsi, sobre o qual foi tra?ada a ?rea de olho do lombo (AOL) em pel?cula transparente. A espessura de gordura da AOL e a medida GR foram determinadas utilizando-se de paqu?metro. A composi??o tecidual foi determinada atrav?s da disseca??o das pernas. Foram feitas as an?lises f?sicas (cor, perdas por coc??o e for?a de cisalhamento) e a composi??o centesimal da carne (umidade, cinzas, prote?na e lip?dios) no m?sculo Longissimus dorsi. Pastagem de gram?neas tropicais de Brachiaria brizantha cvs. Marandu e Piat? e de Panicum maximum cvs. Aruana e Massai podem ser utilizadas para cordeiros SRPD na ?poca chuvosa, pois n?o alteraram as caracter?sticas f?sico-qu?micas e composi??o centesimal da carne