Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:53:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 440855.pdf: 1485245 bytes, checksum: ff2f2be9961e9b5370d1793ebde1d602 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-13 / Introduction: the growth of the elderly population worldwide presents a challenge for active aging with quality of life. As a consequence of increased life expectancy, several organs of the human body age, including the skin. Therefore, the aging population is also a challenge for dermatologists, since the demographic transition also increases skin diseases and changes which need to be managed. This study is justified by the scarceness of epidemiological studies among us, regarding the prevalence of skin manifestations that affect the elderly and their importance as a foundation for the care of geriatric patients. Objectives: To study dermatological problems in elderly residents at a Long Stay Institution (LSI) and in those seen at an Outpatient Clinic and in a ward of a Geriatric Center of Reference in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Methods: cross-sectional, descriptive and analitcs study performed between August/2010 and May/2011. The people invited to participate in the study were all the elderly residents of a long-stay institution of Porto Alegre from August/2010 to October/2010, all the elderly patients of the Geriatrics Ambulatory of Hospital S?o Lucas from October 2010 to May /2011, and all the elderly hospitalized at the Geriatrics Unit Care of Hospital S?o Lucas from December/2010 to May/2011, 60 years old or over. Data on age, sex, race, schooling, associated illnesses and medications used were surveyed in the patients files. The elderly person or their representative was asked about the family history of skin diseases, and the dermatological manifestations were collected by dermatological exam (inspection and palpation), complemented by the dermatoscopic and histopathological exams when necessary. The descriptive analysis of the data was done by frequencies, means, medians and standard deviations. The Chi-square test was used to compare the frequencies of dermatological manifestations to the frequencies of demographic characteristics and to the frequencies of co-morbidities. Results: Three hundred and twelve elderly people participated in the study, 30.1% male and 69.9% female. The age varied from 60 to 103 years, the mean was 78.4 years (SD=8.9), and the median 79 years. Out of the total number, 60.9% were white, 55.0% had not completed elementary school, 94.6% had associated co-morbidities, and 94.2% used some kind of medication. One hundred and twenty-eight dermatological manifestations were observed, comprising skin, nail and hair changes. The mean number of dermatological manifestation per person was calculated as 18.5 (SD=3.7) and the margin of variation was from 7 to 28 manifestations per elderly person surveyed. Solar melanosis, guttate hypomelanosis, cherry hemangioma, longitudinal striae on the nails, wrinkles, melanocytic nevi, seborrheic keratosis, male androgenetic alopecia, cutaneous xerosis, telangiectasias, absent lunula, interdigital intertrigo of the toes, skin atrophy and poichilodermia were present in over 50% of the participants in this study. Actinic keratosis, white hair, hirsurtism, rhomboid skin, supraciliary madarosis, onycholysis, purpura, onicodystrophy, stellar scar, ochre dermatitis, acrochordon, dermatosis papulosa nigra, comedo and keratosis of the elbows and knees were present in 30 to 50% of the subjects in this study. Dilated pores, female androgenetic alopecia, hypertrichosis of the ears, seborrheic eczema, milium cysts, melasma, plantar callosities, different types of scar, plantar calluses, leukonychia, folliculitis and sebaceous hyperplasia were found in 10 to 30% of the elderly who participated in this study. Solar melanosis was the most prevalent manifestation (97.8%). Seborrheic keratosis (75.0%) was less prevalent among blacks (P=0.006) and in the elderly with DPOC (P=0.047). Cutaneous xerosis was present in 70.8% of the people researched. Guttate hypomelanosis (82?.7%), poichilodermia (50.3%), dilated pores (26.6%) and melasma (15.4%) were less prevalent in LSI (Long Stay Institutions for the Elderly) (P<0.001), and purpura (38.1%) was more frequent in hospitalization (P<0.001). Interdigital intertrigo of the toes (52.6%) occurred more frequently in males (P=0.001), in the brown and black races (P=0.001) and in those with diabetes (P=0.011). Actinic keratosis (46.5%) was more prevalent in the white race (P<0.001) and its prevalence increased with the older age groups (P<0.001). Most frequent ungueal changes were longitudinal striae (81.2%), more prevalent in the LSI (P<0.001), in males ((P=0.003), in the brown race (P=0.,032) and in the older age groups (P<0.001). Supraciliary madarosis (40.1%) was more prevalent in hospitalized patients (P=0.036), in the older age groups (P=0.001) and in those vascular encephalic accident (P=0.011) and pneumonia (P=0.002). Seborrheic eczema (22.4%) was more frequent in males (P<0.001) and in those with dementia (P=0.020). Plantar callosities (12.8%) were less prevalent in hospitalization (P=0.058) and in diabetes (P=0.022). On the other hand, plantar callosities (14.7%) were more prevalent in the Outpatient Clinic (P<0.001). Folliculitis (11.2%) was more prevalent in men (P<0.001). Sebaceous hyperplasia(10.6%) was more prevalent in elderly cancer patients (P=0.030). Conclusion: the variety of dermatological manifestations found in this study reminds one of the need to include skin care in the broad geriatric assessment and in integral care of the elderly. The presence of manifestations secondary to skin aging, infectious lesions, both pre-malignant and malignant, that can be prevented justify measures of Education for Health of the Elderly, for the caregiver, the health teams and the young age groups of the population Considering the skin manifestations observed, the high prevalence of ungueal involvement and the association between sebaceous hyperplasia and cancer in our work, it is suggested that further research be done in this field. / Introdu??o: o aumento da popula??o de idosos em todo o mundo, traz o desafio do envelhecimento ativo com qualidade de vida. Como consequ?ncia ao aumento da expectativa de vida, v?rios ?rg?os do corpo humano envelhecem, inclusive a pele. Logo, o envelhecimento populacional ? um desafio tamb?m enfrentado pelos dermatologistas, pois a transi??o demogr?fica aumenta as doen?as e altera??es cut?neas que necessitam ser manejadas. A escassez de estudos epidemiol?gicos em nosso meio sobre a preval?ncia das manifesta??es cut?neas que acometem o idoso e a import?ncia destes para embasar o atendimento ao paciente geri?trico justificaram a realiza??o desta pesquisa. Objetivos: estudar as manifesta??es dermatol?gicas em idosos residentes em uma Institui??o de Longa Perman?ncia para Idosos (ILPI) e naqueles atendidos no Ambulat?rio e na Interna??o de um Centro de Refer?ncia em Geriatria de Porto Alegre RS. M?todos: estudo transversal, descritivo e anal?tico, realizado entre agosto/2010 e maio/2011. Foram convidados todos os idosos residentes em uma ILPI de Porto Alegre no per?odo de agosto/2010 a outubro/2010, todos os idosos internados no ambulat?rio de refer?ncia em geriatria do Hospital S?o Lucas no per?odo de outubro/2010 a maio/2011 e todos os idosos atendidos na enfermaria geri?trica do Hospital S?o Lucas no per?odo de dezembro/2010 a maio/2011, com 60 anos de idade ou mais. Dados referentes ? idade, ao sexo, ? ra?a, ? escolaridade, ?s doen?as associadas e medica??es em uso foram pesquisados nos prontu?rios dos pacientes. O hist?rico familiar de doen?as de pele foi indagado ao idoso ou seu representante e as manifesta??es dermatol?gicas foram coletadas atrav?s do exame dermatol?gico (inspe??o e palpa??o) complementado pelos exames dermatosc?pico e histopatol?gico, quando necess?rio. A an?lise descritiva dos dados foi feita atrav?s de frequ?ncias, m?dias, medianas e desvios padr?es. Para compara??o das frequ?ncias das manifesta??es dermatol?gicas, com as frequ?ncias das caracter?sticas demogr?ficas e com as frequ?ncias das comorbidades foi utilizado o teste do qui quadrado. A pesquisa iniciou ap?s aprova??o pelo Comit? de ?tica e Pesquisa e os idosos ingressaram no estudo ap?s concord?ncia e assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Resultados: participaram da pesquisa 312 idosos (103 da ILPI, 104 do Ambulat?rio e 105 da Interna??o), 30,1% do sexo masculino e 69,9% do feminino. A idade variou dos 60 aos 103 anos, sendo a m?dia de 78,4 anos (DP=8,9) e a mediana de 79 anos. Do total, 60,9% eram brancos, 55,0% n?o haviam completado o n?vel fundamental, 94,6% apresentavam doen?as associadas e 94,2% usavam algum tipo de rem?dio. Foram observadas 128 manifesta??es dermatol?gicas, compreendendo altera??es de pele, unhas e pelos. Calculando-se a m?dia do n?mero de manifesta??es dermatol?gicas por idoso, seu valor foi de 18,5 (DP=3,7) e a margem de varia??o de 7 a 28 manifesta??es dermatol?gicas por idoso pesquisado. Melanose solar, hipomelanose gotata, nevo rubi, estrias longitudinais das unhas, rugas, nevos melanoc?ticos, ceratose seborreica, alopecia androgen?tica masculina, xerose cut?nea, telangiectasias, aus?ncia de l?nula, intertrigo interdigital dos podod?ctilos, atrofia cut?nea e poiquilodermia estiveram presentes em mais de 50% dos participantes deste trabalho. Ceratose act?nica, can?cie, hirsutismo, pele romboidal, madarose supraciliar, onic?lise, p?rpura, onicodistrofia, cicatriz estelar, dermatite ocre, acroc?rdon, dermatose papulosa nigra, comed?o e ceratose de cotovelos e joelhos estiveram presentes entre 30 e 50 % dos sujeitos deste estudo. Poros dilatados, alopecia androgen?tica feminina, hipertricose das orelhas, eczema seborreico, cistos de millium, melasma, calosidades plantares, diferentes tipos de cicatrizes, calos plantares, leucon?quia, foliculite e hiperplasia seb?cea foram constatadas entre 10 e 30 % dos idosos que fizeram parte desta pesquisa. Melanose solar foi a manifesta??o mais prevalente (97,8%). Ceratose seborreica (75,0%) foi menos prevalente na ra?a negra (P=0,006) e nos idosos com DPOC (P=0,047). Xerose cut?nea esteve presente em 70,8% dos pesquisados. Hipomelanose gotata (82,7%), poiquilodermia (50,3%), poros dilatados (26,6%) e melasma (15,4%) foram menos prevalentes na ILPI (P<0,001) e a p?rpura (38,1%) foi mais frequente na Interna??o (P<0,001). Intertrigo dos podod?ctilos (52,6%) foi mais frequente nos homens (P=0,001), nas ra?as parda e negra (P=0,001) e naqueles com diabetes (P=0,011). Ceratose act?nica (46,5%) foi mais prevalente na ra?a branca (P<0,001) e aumentou sua preval?ncia de acordo com o aumento das faixas et?rias (P<0,001). As altera??es ungueais mais frequentes foram as estrias longitudinais (81,2%), mais prevalentes na ILPI (P<0,001), no sexo masculino ((P=0,003), na ra?a parda (P=0,032) e nas faixas et?rias mais altas (P<0,001). Madarose supraciliar (40,1%) foi mais prevalente na interna??o (P=0,036), nas faixas et?rias mais altas (P=0,001) e naqueles com AVE (P=0,011) e pneumonia (P=0,002). Eczema seborreico (22,4%) foi mais frequente no sexo masculino (P<0,001) e naqueles com dem?ncia (P=0,020). Calo plantar (12,8%) foi menos prevalente na Interna??o (P=0,058) e no diabetes (P=0,022), j? a calosidade plantar (14,7%) foi mais prevalente no Ambulat?rio (P<0,001). Foliculite (11,2%) apresentou maior preval?ncia nos homens (P<0,001). A hiperplasia seb?cea (10,6%) foi mais prevalente nos idosos com c?ncer (P=0,030). Conclus?o: a variedade de manifesta??es dermatol?gicas presentes nesta pesquisa remete ? necessidade de inserir o cuidado com a pele na avalia??o geri?trica ampla e no atendimento integral ? sa?de do idoso. A presen?a de manifesta??es secund?rias ao envelhecimento cut?neo, les?es infecciosas, pr?-malignas e malignas pass?veis de preven??o justificam medidas de Educa??o para a Sa?de ao idoso, ao cuidador, ?s equipes de sa?de e ?s faixas et?rias mais jovens da popula??o. Face ?s manifesta??es dermatol?gicas observadas, ? elevada preval?ncia de acometimento ungueal e ? associa??o entre hiperplasia seb?cea e c?ncer em nosso trabalho, sugere-se a realiza??o de futuras pesquisas nesta ?rea.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-02-21T21:18:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert I L C Oliveira 2017_final.pdf: 6578878 bytes, checksum: bf8186fc5892b0b1f1d2b57bcfd1d13f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-21T21:18:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert I L C Oliveira 2017_final.pdf: 6578878 bytes, checksum: bf8186fc5892b0b1f1d2b57bcfd1d13f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The genera Raddiella Swallen and Parodiolyra Soderstr. & Zuloaga belong to the tribe Olyreae, subtribe Olyrinae, a group of Neotropical Poaceae including herbaceous bamboos. This is typical forest tribe with great ecological importance and poorly explored ornamental potential. Molecular phylogeny studies based on nuclear and cp-DNA spacers indicate that Parodiolyra and Raddiella are components of one of the most well supported lineages in Olyrinae, with Diandrolyra Stapf as sister group. However, the inner relationships in this lineage remain uncertain, due to the scarcity of studies involving the group. The use of DNA sequences has been efficient to comprehend the evolutionary relationships and the limits among bamboos groups. In this way, the aim of this study was to expand the knowledge about the biodiversity and evolution of the tribe by clarifying the phylogenetic relationships among Parodiolyra and Raddiella. The sampling of these genera were amplified and sequences of different regions of nuclear genome (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and cpDNA (rpl32-trnL, trnD-trnT, trnS-trnG and ndhF) were generated and the data was analyzed by Maximum Parsimony (MP), Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods. The results obtained reinforced that Olyrinae and Parianinae are monophyletic and the paraphyly of Olyra L. and Sucrea Soderstr. Diandrolyra was confirmed as sister group of Parodiolyra-Raddiella clade, which has P. micrantha (Kunth) Davidse & Zuloaga as sister of the clade formed by the other species of Parodiolyra and Raddiella. This species is here transferred to the proposed new genus, Taquara I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira and in this context Parodiolyra becomes monophyletic. The inner results in Raddiella were incongruent by reason of the position of R. malmeana Zuloaga & Judz, recovered as sister group of Parodiolyra species, except for rpl32 and ITS. The delimitation of Raddiella continue uncertain due to the incongruences and the low sampling of phreatophytes species. The work contributes to the understanding of herbaceous bamboos evolution and increases the knowledge of the diversity of Brazilian flora throughout the description of a new genus. It also provides an important base to posterior studies, for applied purposes as well as conservative, once the majority of Olyreae species are endangered to extinction. / Os g?neros Raddiella Swallen e Parodiolyra Soderstr. & Zuloaga pertencem ? tribo Olyreae, subtribo Olyrinae, um grupo de Poaceae Neotropicais que inclui os bambus herb?ceos. Essa tribo ? tipicamente florestal, de grande import?ncia ecol?gica e com potencial ornamental ainda pouco explorado. Estudos de filogenia molecular com base em espa?adores do DNA nuclear e plastidial indicam que Parodiolyra e Raddiella comp?em uma das linhagens mais bem sustentadas em Olyrinae, tendo Diandrolyra Stapf como grupo irm?o. No entanto, as rela??es internas dessa linhagem permanecem incertas, devido aos estudos escassos envolvendo o grupo. O uso de sequ?ncias do DNA tem sido bastante eficiente na compreens?o das rela??es evolutivas e dos limites entre grupos de bambus e desta forma, o presente estudo teve como objetivo ampliar o conhecimento sobre a biodiversidade e a evolu??o dessa tribo, atrav?s do esclarecimento das rela??es filogen?ticas entre os g?neros Parodiolyra e Raddiella. A amostragem desses g?neros foi aqui ampliada atrav?s da produ??o de novas sequ?ncias de diferentes regi?es dos genomas nuclear (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) e plastidial (rpl32-trnL, trnD-trnT, trnS-trnG e ndhF), analisadas atrav?s dos m?todos de M?xima Parcim?nia (MP), M?xima Verossimilhan?a (MV) e Infer?ncia Bayesiana (IB). Os resultados refor?am o monofiletismo da tribo Olyreae, das subtribos Olyrinae e Parianinae, bem como o parafiletismo de Olyra L. e Sucrea Soderstr. Diandrolyra foi confirmado como grupo irm?o do clado Parodiolyra-Raddiella, que tem P. micrantha (Kunth) Davidse & Zuloaga como irm? do clado formado pelas demais esp?cies de Parodiolyra e Raddiella. Essa esp?cie ? aqui transferida para o novo g?nero proposto, Taquara I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira e neste contexto, Parodiolyra passa a ser monofil?tico. Os resultados referentes aos clados internos em Raddiella foram incongruentes devido ? posi??o de R. malmeana Zuloaga & Judz, recuperada como grupo irm?o de esp?cies de Parodiolyra, exceto pelo rpl32 e pelo ITS. A delimita??o de Raddiella segue incerta, devido a tais incongru?ncias e ? baixa amostragem das esp?cies freat?fitas. O trabalho contribui para o entendimento da evolu??o dos bambus herb?ceos e amplia o conhecimento sobre a diversidade da flora brasileira atrav?s da descri??o de um novo g?nero. Fornece ainda uma base importante para estudos posteriores no grupo, tanto para fins aplicados quanto conservacionistas, uma vez que a maioria das esp?cies de Olyreae est? amea?ada de extin??o.

Submitted by Setor de Tratamento da Informa??o - BC/PUCRS (tede2@pucrs.br) on 2015-12-01T17:55:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 476504 - Texto Pacial.pdf: 560629 bytes, checksum: 87ce59a68d7f4e868fc301fa05c033ef (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-01T17:55:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 476504 - Texto Pacial.pdf: 560629 bytes, checksum: 87ce59a68d7f4e868fc301fa05c033ef (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / Melanoma is a malignant tumor that develops anywhere on the skin is 1 to 3% of all malignant neoplasms, and also affects men and women, especially in light skin. The development of melanoma may be associated with excessive sun exposure, sunburn, fair skin, blond or red hair, lots of freckles on their shoulders and backs, family history and presence of actinic keratosis. The chemotherapeutic strategies have been based on the use of dacarbazine and temozolomide. In addition to these monoclonal antibodies are also being used, such as ipilimumab, approved in 2011 for the palliative treatment of patients with metastatic cancer. Many studies are underway to evaluate the anticancer activity of compounds like resveratrol. Resveratrol, 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene (RESV) is a natural phenolic stilbene which has, among the most important properties, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic - inhibiting various cellular events associated with three major stages of carcinogenesis: started, promotion and progression - anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, antifungal and estrogen. Resveratrol analogs were synthesized by modification of substituents on both rings, without altering the double bond between them: one by the fusion of benzene and other two by fusing a heterocyclic ring; these newly synthesized analogues showed anticancer activity, vasodilatory and anti-tyrosinase. In this paper we propose the synthesis of resveratrol analogues in order to evaluate the biological activity of these. The structural change of resveratrol stilbene modified (alternate double bond between the carbons of the double nitrogens) may be a promising strategy to improve the pharmacological parameters. The replacement of hydroxyl groups by methyls and acetyls can increase the molecular stability, so that there is decreasing susceptibility in the reaction phase II conjugation in vivo, significantly potentiate the cytotoxic activity.Assay in cell culture using melanoma line, B16F10, showed that compounds synthesized had IC50 less than resveratrol. In evaluating the IC50 of the compounds synthesized in fibroblasts, 3T3 line, we see that showed higher values than in melanoma strain except Redresv001 compound, suggesting a specificity of the synthesized compounds in these cancer cells. Among the compounds, methylated Redresv003 and acetylated Redresv004 and Redresv005 have greater prominence, because of having antiproliferative activity at lower concentrations, are selective for cancer tested lineage and maintain their activity long period of time (72 hours), suggesting that did not generate resistance in the B16F10 line. For the qualitative analysis of the mechanism of cell death, we find that the Redresv003, Redresv004 and Redresv005 compounds showed differences compared to the control for apoptosis assay and also by autophagy, suggesting no specific target for action based on these assays. / O melanoma ? uma les?o maligna que se desenvolve em qualquer lugar da pele, representa de 1 a 3% de todas as neoplasias malignas e atinge igualmente homens e mulheres, principalmente em peles claras. O desenvolvimento do melanoma pode estar associado ? exposi??o excessiva ao sol, queimaduras solares, pele clara, cabelos loiros ou ruivos, grande quantidade de sardas nos ombros e dorsos, hist?rico familiar e presen?a de ceratose act?nica. As estrat?gias quimioter?picas t?m sido baseadas no uso de dacarbazina e da temozolomida. Al?m desses, anticorpos monoclonais tamb?m est?o sendo utilizados, como o ipilimumabe, aprovado em 2011, para o tratamento paliativo de pacientes com c?ncer metast?tico. Muitos estudos est?o em andamento para avalia??o da atividade antineopl?sica de compostos como o resveratrol. Resveratrol, 3,5,4?-trihidroxi-trans-estilbeno (RESV), ? um estilbeno fen?lico natural que possui, dentre as propriedades mais significativas, a antioxidante, anticarcinog?nica - inibindo diversos eventos celulares associados com os 3 maiores est?gios da carcinog?nese: in?cio, promo??o e progress?o ? anti-inflamat?ria, antiplaquet?ria, antif?ngica e estrog?nica. An?logos do resveratrol foram sintetizados pela modifica??o de substituintes em ambos os an?is, n?o alterando a dupla liga??o entre eles: um pela fus?o de benzeno e outros dois pela fus?o de um anel heteroc?clico; esses an?logos recentemente sintetizados apresentaram atividade antineopl?sica, vasodilatadora e antitirosinase. Nesse trabalho propomos a s?ntese de an?logos do Resveratrol com o intuito de avaliar a atividade biol?gica destes. A altera??o estrutural de estilbeno modificado do resveratrol (substitui??o da liga??o dupla entre carbonos pela dupla entre nitrog?nios) pode ser uma estrat?gia promissora para melhorar os par?metros farmacol?gicos.substitui??o de grupos hidroxilas por metilas e acetilas pode aumentar a estabilidade molecular, fazendo com que haja diminui??o da suscetibilidade na rea??o de conjuga??o de fase II in vivo, al?m de potencializar significativamente a atividade citot?xica. Ensaios em cultura celular utilizando linhagem de melanoma, B16F10, demonstraram que os compostos sintetizados apresentaram IC50 menor que do resveratrol. Ao avaliarmos o IC50 dos compostos sintetizados em fibroblastos, linhagem 3t3, vimos que apresentaram valores maiores que na linhagem de melanoma, exceto o composto Redresv001, sugerindo uma especificidade dos compostos sintetizados nessas c?lulas neopl?sicas. Dentre os compostos, o metilado Redresv003 e os acetilados Redresv004 e Redresv005 apresentam melhores resultados, pelo fato de possu?rem atividade antiproliferativa em menores concentra??es, serem seletivos para a linhagem cancer?gena testada e por manterem sua atividade em longo per?odo de tempo (72 horas), sugerindo que n?o geraram resist?ncia na linhagem B16F10. Pela an?lise qualitativa do mecanismo de morte celular, verificamos que os compostos Redresv003, Redresv004 e Redresv005 apresentaram diferen?a em rela??o ao controle para ensaio de apoptose e tamb?m por autofagia, sugerindo n?o haver alvo espec?fico para a??o com base nesses ensaios.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Carlos Antonio Barreto dos Santos.pdf: 6633158 bytes, checksum: 82ad5fa6564f31d7aa7587f533bf91ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Four plant species, intercropped or not, were evaluates in the State of Rio de Janeiro for Green manuring and soil covering prior to corn or cabbage crops. Such crops were submitted to a no-tillage and organic farming system. The study relating to corn was carried out in Baixada Fluminense (Serop?dica) at 33 m above sea level, whereas the cabbage experiment was the located in the South-Central Region (Paty do Alferes) at 680m. In bony experiments a randomized block design was employed with 12 treatments and four replicates. The species lazed for soil covering were: Crotalaria juncea (C), sorghum Sorghum bicolor (S), sunflower Heliantus annus (G) and castor bean Ricinus communis (M). Treatments involving such soil covering species corresponded to their monocrops ad the following intercrops: C+G, C+S, C+M, C+G+S, C+S+M and C+G+S+M. The control treatment consisted of fallow plots whove spontaneous vegetations was cut down on the day subsequent corn and cabbage were planted. In Baixada Fluminense, the previous intercrops favored epigeous edafic fauna diversity compared to fallow, either during vegetative cycle or after cutting except for castor bean monocrop, all treatments led to reduced need reinfestation in comparison to fallow plots. Corn yield (immature ears) was higher after monocrops of the soil covering species and also after fallow. Crotalaria showed in outstanding potential as green manure considering that organic suplementar corn fertilizing were proceeded only in plots previously cultivated to such legume species. The greatest cumulative e amount of above-ground biomass resulted from crotalaria monocrop probably contributing to a superior corn yield. In the South-Central field experiment the highest values for biomass productin were again obtained from crotalaria monocrop, its intercrops with each of the other soil covering species (C+G, C+S and C+M), and the triple intercrop with sorghum plus castor bean (C+S+M). Decomposition rates for the cut down plant residues in situ differed between intercrops and monocrops. Cabbage yield was as cell favoured by previous crotalaria and its intercrops, with exception of the intercrop in which all four plant species participated. Results have demonstrated the adequacy of crotalaria for rotational system with commercial crops under organic management. The experiments otherwise indicated that combining the legume with other soil covering species may lead to additional advantages in terms of crop residues persistence on soil surface and ed?fica fauna stimulation. / Avaliaram-se, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, quatro esp?cies bot?nicas, consorciadas ou n?o, para aduba??o verde e cobertura do solo, antecedendo as culturas de milho verde e repolho. Estas culturas foram implantadas em sistema plantio direto e submetidas ao manejo org?nico. O estudo com o milho verde foi conduzido na Baixada Fluminense (Serop?dica) a 33 m de altitude enquanto o estudo com o repolho teve lugar na regi?o Centro Sul (Paty do Alferes) a 680m. Em ambos os experimentos, empregouse o delineamento de blocos casualizados, envolvendo 12 tratamentos com quatro repeti??es. As esp?cies de cobertura do solo utilizadas foram: Crotalaria juncea (C), girassol Heliantus annus (G), sorgo Sorghum bicolor (S) e mamoneira Ricinus communis (M). Os tratamentos relativos ?s esp?cies de cobertura corresponderam aos respectivos monocultivos e aos cons?rcios: C+G, C+S, C+M, C+G+S, C+G+M, C+S+M e C+G+S+M. O tratamento controle foi representado pelas parcelas que permaneceram em pousio, cuja vegeta??o espont?nea foi ro?ada por ocasi?o dos plantios subsequentes de milho ou repolho. Nas condi??es da baixada fluminense, os cons?rcios favoreceram a diversidade da fauna ed?fica ep?gea, quando comparados com o pousio, tanto ao longo do ciclo vegetativo das esp?cies de cobertura quanto ap?s o corte. Com exce??o do monocultivo de mamoneira, os demais tratamentos provocaram redu??o dos n?veis de reinfesta??o de ervas espont?neas, relativamente ao pousio. A produtividade do milho em espigas verdes foi superior quando em sucess?o aos monocultivos das esp?cies de cobertura e pousio. A crotal?ria revelou destacado potencial como adubo verde, tendo em vista que somente nas parcelas onde foi previamente cultivada o milho n?o recebeu fertiliza??o org?nica suplementar. A maior quantidade acumulada de biomassa a?rea seca tamb?m resultou do monocultivo de leguminosa, o que provavelmente contribuiu para o rendimento superior do milho. No ensaio conduzido na regi?o Centro Sul, os valores mais elevados de biomassa produzida foram tamb?m obtidos a partir da crotal?ria em monocultivo, de seu cultivo consorciado com cada uma das outras plantas de cobertura (C+G, C+S e C+M) ou do triplo cons?rcio com sorgo e mamoneira (C+S+M). As taxas de decomposi??o in situ dos res?duos vegetais ro?ados distinguiram os cons?rcios dos monocultivos. Em termos de produtividade, o repolho foi beneficiado pelo pr?-cultivo de crotal?ria e seus cons?rcios, com exce??o daquele do qual participaram todas as quatro plantas de cobertura. Os resultados demonstraram adequa??o da Crotalaria juncea para sistemas rotacionados com culturas, de interesse comercial sob manejo org?nico. Indicaram, todavia, que combina??es desta leguminosa com outras esp?cies nos pr?-cultivos podem acarretar vantagens adicionais, ligadas ? persist?ncia da palhada distribu?da na superf?cie do solo, a partir do corte da biomassa a?rea, e ? diversidade da fauna ed?fica ep?gea.

Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work was carried out in the county of Valen?a - RJ, with the objective to evaluate production and quality of the stargrass, in function of: two irrigation levels (with and without); four cut intervals (21, 28, 35 and 42 at the rainy season and 28, 35, 42 and 49 days at the dry season of the year); as well as four levels of nitrogen (0, 150, 300 e 600 kg/ha/year). The dry matter production (DMP) and the efficiency of the nitrogen utilization (ENU) in plots of 6,25 m2, were estimated from October 2004 to October 2005. In the months of January, June/July and September/October samples were collected to determine chemical composition and digestibility such as: crude protein (CP), neutral-detergent fiber (NDF) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). The Irrigation when increased DMP and ENU, reduced the forrage quality and only had significative effect (P<0,05) during the rainy season. The harvest intervals does not affected (P>0,05) on DMP. However, there was tendency to increase. Harvest intervals should be 42/49 days to obtain good forage quality and yield. The chemical composition and digestibility of the dry matter decreased with the spacing of the cuts and the effect of the interval of cuts on ENU was dependent of the irrigation. At that time it dries the irrigated treatments had her ENU increased with the decrease of the frequency of the cut. The nitrogen fertilization was the only factor that increased (P<0,05) DMP and the quality of the stargrass. However, the answer of DMP to the nitrogen fertilization was reduced and ENU was not affected in function of the nitrogen levels. In the conditions of experiment was realized, it is approved as the most appropriate handling of the studied factors: The interval of cuts of 42/49 days, that formed an alliance high yield with a satisfactory quality and the irrigation, only accomplished in favorable climatic conditions. / Este trabalho foi conduzido no munic?pio de Valen?a - RJ, com o objetivo de avaliar a produ??o e a qualidade do capim-estrela, em fun??o de: dois regimes h?dricos (irrigado e n?o-irrigado); quatro intervalos de cortes (21, 28, 35 e 42 na ?poca chuvosa e 28, 35, 42 e 49 dias na ?poca seca do ano); e quatro doses de nitrog?nio (0, 150, 300 e 600 kg/ha/ano). Durante o per?odo de outubro de 2004 a outubro de 2005, foram estimadas a produ??o de mat?ria seca (PMS) e a efici?ncia da aduba??o nitrogenada (EAN) em parcelas de 6,25 m2. Nos meses de janeiro, junho/julho e setembro/outubro coletaram-se amostras para a estimativa do valor nutritivo e digestibilidade, determinando a prote?na bruta (PB), a fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e a digestibilidade in vitro da mat?ria seca (DIVMS). Os resultados mostraram que a irriga??o aumentou a PMS e a EAN, reduziu o valor nutritivo e DIV da mat?ria seca. Entretanto somente houve resposta (P<0,05) ao regime h?drico apenas quando as condi??es clim?ticas n?o foram limitantes ao crescimento da forrageira. O intervalo de cortes n?o alterou (P>0,05) a PMS, embora tenha sido observada a tend?ncia de incremento da mesma em fun??o da diminui??o da freq??ncia de cortes, sendo a maior produ??o obtida nos tratamentos 42/49 dias. A qualidade da forrageira diminuiu com o espa?amento dos cortes e o efeito do intervalo de cortes sobre a EAN foi dependente da irriga??o. Na ?poca seca do ano os tratamentos irrigados tiveram sua EAN aumentada com a diminui??o da freq??ncia do corte. A aduba??o nitrogenada foi o ?nico fator que aumentou (P<0,05), simultaneamente, a PMS e a qualidade do capim-estrela. No entanto, a resposta da PMS ? aduba??o nitrogenada foi pequena e a EAN n?o foi alterada (P>0,05) em fun??o das doses de nitrog?nio. Nas condi??es experimentais, preconiza-se como o manejo mais adequado: o intervalo de cortes de 42/49 dias, que aliou rendimentos elevados a uma qualidade satisfat?ria; e a irriga??o deve ser usada apenas quando as condi??es clim?ticas s?o favor?veis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:12:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Ana Luiza de Abreu Claudio01.pdf: 5527941 bytes, checksum: 26ce3217b943833e25a98ee598df0dd8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-08-28 / Growing bananas is nowadays the third largest agricultural product of Rio de Janeiro State, with an estimates value of 69,8 million Reais. Besides it is the second largest cultivate area and the third largest harvested volume. Along with de production numbers it important to say that the banana culture involves over 2.800 producers in whole state, worked in small properties mainly from 2 to 5 ha, according to IBGE (2007) data. From the latest 70 this activity started to decline as great competition was held into it from bananas coming from other regions in Brazil, where more modern production techniques were adopted, resulting in best visual quality products with lower production coasts. The approach of this study relates to the aspect involved in identifying, classifying and characterizing the local production systems, in particular the banana production cluster, according to the cluster theories. By all means, this study aims to analyze how happens the formation of the banana production cluster in Rio de Janeiro state, through the evaluation of static and dynamic aspects, studying no only the comparative advantages, but also the competitive advantages. To come along this objective it was necessary to identify the main characteristics of this cluster, clearly define its borders and to discuss how these characteristics ma)' influence in the adoption of local development strategies, allowing the cluster to enter in a new virtuous production cycle. As a development, this study may be used to guide public policies as well as to guide private investments decisions. The results of this study state that the banana production in Rio de Janeiro State holds a big economic and commercial potential that is yet underdeveloped by local producers and businessmen. As a final conclusion this study shows that the implementation focus of de Banana APL in Rio de Janeiro state must be directed to the organization innovation matters, through the implementation of a new and more efficient governance structure. The more appropriate region to do so is constituted by the counties at Costa Verde region, particularly the counties of Itagua?, Mangaratiba, Andra dos Reis and Paraty. / O presente trabalho buscou analisar o discurso fotogr?fico de Sebasti?o Salgado sobre as migra??es contempor?neas, as quais caracterizam-se por migra??es ocorridas por raz?es econ?micas, culturais e at? mesmo ambientais, no per?odo da chamada globaliza??o econ?mica. As fotografias estudadas fazem parte da obra ?xodos , trabalho que re?ne uma tr?ade: documentarismo, viagens e migra??es. As paisagens registradas s?o de espa?os geogr?ficos e sociais diferenciados, enfocando a tem?tica do ?xodo rural, a disputa por territ?rio, a urbaniza??o acelerada e os conflitos ?tnicos de pa?ses da ?frica, do Oriente M?dio, da Europa, da ?sia e da Am?rica Latina. Para esta pesquisa optamos por focar o estudo das fotografias sobre os pa?ses da Am?rica Latina e da ?frica. O recorte temporal compreende o final dos anos 90 at? a atualidade, momento das viagens para a realiza??o das fotografias at? a publica??o da obra ?xodos , bem como sua repercuss?o na atualidade. Tal pesquisa torna-se relevante por considerarmos Salgado um fot?grafo internacionalmente conhecido, cuja produ??o traduz-se em fontes documentais de grande relev?ncia para as Ci?ncias Sociais. Leva-se em considera??o que Salgado ? um viajante contempor?neo em situa??o de deslocamento, assim como seus modelos fotogr?ficos . Ele percorre, com seu olhar de viajante/fot?grafo/migrante, diferentes regi?es do mundo com organiza??es socioculturais distintas. O m?todo utilizado para este trabalho, compreendeu a leitura visual das fotografias de ?xodos , por meio de categorias e conceitos de an?lise. Enfatizamos que a leitura visual foi suportada pela linguagem escrita, presente nos relatos de viagem que acompanham as fotografias de Salgado, em entrevistas concedidas por ele a ve?culos de comunica??o (sites, jornal impresso e televis?o) e em toda a bibliografia referenciada. O estudo do discurso fotogr?fico formou-se a partir de um olhar observador sobre todo o livro, partindo de uma an?lise mais ampliada do ambiente para uma mais focalizada, esmiu?ando assim, especificidades presentes nas fotografias.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-13T20:11:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Leonardo dos Santos Fran?a Shockness.pdf: 1003791 bytes, checksum: efd5f4204bec8c095ea24c37002fd302 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-13T20:11:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Leonardo dos Santos Fran?a Shockness.pdf: 1003791 bytes, checksum: efd5f4204bec8c095ea24c37002fd302 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / CAPES / One of the main factors that affect growth and persistence of grasses in the tropics, thus increasing the degradation of pastures, is a nitrogen deficiency in the soil. However, nitrogen fertilizers much burden the production costs, and the demand for food increasing year by year, has emphasized the need for sustainable alternatives, such as biological nitrogen fixation. It is necessary to do more research on Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in forage grasses, especially about diversity among nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with these plants, so that new bacteria can be discovered, as well as its potential to FBN. This study aimed to isolate diazotrophic bacteria of the genus Azospirillum spp. or Herbaspirillum spp., from two cultivars of B. brizhanta (Marandu and Xara?s) and one of B. decumbens (IPEAN), to test them, and to assess their contribution to the growth of Brachiaria brizhanta cv. Marandu identifying the three most promising. This study was conducted at Embrapa Agrobiology in Serop?dica - RJ, in two stages. The first was to isolate possible diazotrophic bacteria from Brachiaria brizantha and B. decumbens plants, using the cultivars Marandu and Xara?s B. brizantha, and the cultivar IPEAN of B. decumbens. The isolation was performed using three semi-solid media, NFB, LGI and JNFb, where the first two selected bacteria of the genus Azospirillum, and the third one Herbaspirillum bacteria. There were selected 46 isolates and, after purification, it was obtained 15 isolates pure, and made the phenotypic characterization thereof. Further biochemical tests were the phosphate solubilization, acetylene reduction analysis (ARA), and production of acid-3-indole acetic (IAA). All tested isolates produced ARA ethylene, even in small quantities, with prominence for isolates L2, L4, J3, J6, J7 and J8. In the phosphate solubilization the isolates N1, L1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6, J7, J8, and T14 were able to solubilize phosphate. In the EIA production the isolates N1, J1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6, J7, J8 and J9 excelled. In the second phase it was conducted an experiment to study plant - bacteria interaction. It consisted of the inoculation of 15 isolates from the first phase plus three isolates known as references (SP245, Z94, CBAMC) in B. brizhanta cultivar Marandu, plus the control without inoculation and without N. In this experiment the isolates L2, L4 and J6 outstand when compared to the other seven parameters evaluated. On the basis of this study we can conclude that there are nitrogen fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing, and that produce 3-indoleacetic acid, associated to Brachiaria brizhanta and Brachiaria decumbens. The isolated bacteria of the two B. brizhanta cultivars (Marandu and Xara?s), and the Brachiaria decumbens (IPEAN) cultivar were more efficient in the growth of B. brizhanta cultivar Marandu than the bacteria standards obtained from other plant species. Also, among the 15 isolates from Brachiaria plants, the J6, L2 and L4 were statistically different from the others, and are considered the three most promising. / Um dos principais fatores que afeta o crescimento e a persist?ncia de gram?neas nos tr?picos, aumentando assim a degrada??o das pastagens, ? a defici?ncia de nitrog?nio no solo. Entretanto, fertilizantes nitrogenados oneram muito os custos de produ??o, e com a demanda por alimentos crescendo ano a ano, tem-se enfatizado a necessidade de alternativas sustent?veis, tal como a fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio. Faz-se necess?rio pesquisas com Fixa??o Biol?gica de Nitrog?nio (FBN) em gram?neas forrageiras, principalmente sobre diversidade de bact?rias diazotr?ficas associadas a essas plantas, para que novas bact?rias possam ser descobertas, assim como seu potencial de FBN. Este trabalho teve como objetivo isolar bact?rias diazotr?ficas do g?nero Azospirillum Spp. ou Herbaspirillum Spp., provenientes de duas cultivares de B. brizhanta (Marandu e Xar?es) e de uma cultivar de B. decumbens (Ipean), testar as mesmas, e avaliar sua contribui??o no crescimento de Brachiaria brizhanta cv. Marandu identificando as tr?s mais promissoras. O trabalho foi realizado na Embrapa Agrobiologia em Serop?dica ? RJ, em duas etapas. Na primeira foi feito o isolamento de poss?veis bact?rias dizotr?ficas provenientes de plantas de Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria decumbens, sendo utilizadas as cultivares Marandu e Xara?s de B. brizantha e a cultivar IPEAN de B. decumbens. O isolamento foi realizado utilizando tr?s meios semiss?lidos, NFB, LGI e JNFB, onde os dois primeiros selecionaram bact?rias do g?nero Azospirillum, e o terceiro bact?rias do g?nero Herbaspirillum. Foram selecionados 46 isolados, e ap?s a purifica??o obteve-se 15 isolados puros, sendo feita a caracteriza??o fenot?pica dos mesmos, e posteriormente os testes bioqu?micos de solubiliza??o de fosfato, an?lise da redu??o de acetileno (ARA) e produ??o de ?cido-3-indolac?tico (AIA). Na ARA todos isolados avaliados produziram etileno, mesmo em pequenas quantidades, tendo destaque os isolados L2, L4, J3, J6, J7, e J8. Na solubiliza??o de fosfato os isolados N1, L1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6, J7, J8 e T14 foram capazes de solubilizar fosfato. Na produ??o de AIA se sobressa?ram os isolados N1, J1, J2, J3, J4, J5, J6, J7, J8 e J9. Na segunda etapa foi realizado o experimento de intera??o planta - bact?ria; que consistiu da inocula??o dos 15 isolados da primeira etapa, acrescidos de tr?s isolados conhecidos como padr?es (SP245, Z94, CBAMC) em B. brizhanta cv. Marandu, mais a testemunha n?o inoculada e sem N. Neste experimento os isolados L2, L4 e J6 se destacaram em rela??o aos outros nos sete par?metros avaliados. Com base neste trabalho podemos concluir que existem bact?rias fixadoras de nitrog?nio, solubilizadoras de fosfato e que produzem ?cido-3-indolac?tico associadas a Brachiaria brizhanta e Brachiaria decumbens. As bact?rias isoladas de duas cultivares de B. brizhanta (Marandu e Xar?es) e de uma cultivar de B. decumbens (Ipean) se mostraram mais eficientes no crescimento de B. brizhanta cv. Marandu do que as bact?rias padr?es provenientes de outras esp?cies de plantas. Ainda, dentre os 15 isolados de plantas do g?nero Brachiaria, os isolados J6, L2 e L4 diferiram estatisticamente dos demais, sendo considerados os tr?s mais promissores.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-16T16:44:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TabitaPollyanaAlvesDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 3162335 bytes, checksum: 8ff1dbf5718a2c496a1fc007bebde553 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-18T15:36:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TabitaPollyanaAlvesDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 3162335 bytes, checksum: 8ff1dbf5718a2c496a1fc007bebde553 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-18T15:36:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TabitaPollyanaAlvesDeSouza_DISSERT.pdf: 3162335 bytes, checksum: 8ff1dbf5718a2c496a1fc007bebde553 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-27 / A presente disserta??o realiza uma an?lise do exerc?cio profissional de assistentes sociais que atuam nos espa?os de acolhimento institucional para crian?as e adolescentes na particularidade do munic?pio de Natal, l?cus da pesquisa emp?rica. Considerando que nesses espa?os ocupacionais se corporificam diferentes express?es da quest?o social que marcam a problem?tica do acolhimento, o exerc?cio profissional possui caracter?sticas que demandam novas necessidades, novas formas de compreens?o e interven??o de assistentes sociais no ?mbito do acolhimento institucional, de modo que o estudo se prop?s a identificar e analisar demandas postas para o Servi?o Social e o conte?do das respostas da profiss?o nos espa?os de acolhimento institucional. A partir de uma an?lise cr?tica-dial?tica, sob o enfoque te?rico-metodol?gico de base qualiquantitativa, constituiu reflex?es acerca dos atuais contornos do exerc?cio profissional do assistente social, com suas novas e tradicionais demandas, forjadas no quadro recente das rela??es entre o Estado e a sociedade no pa?s, que adquirem particularidades distintas nos servi?os de acolhimento ? crian?a e ao adolescente, frente ?s dimens?es sociais, legais e hist?ricas que norteiam o tema. O percurso estabelecido entre o conhecimento e a realidade concreta abordada e problematizada exigiu necess?rias media??es ressaltando o que se esconde por detr?s dessas rela??es: as contradi??es e impasses pelos quais o exerc?cio profissional se realiza, evidenciando a vincula??o entre demandas sociais e necessidades sociais na sociedade capitalista, que se fundem em face das determina??es particulares do Servi?o Social e as alteram em termos das demandas, dos usu?rios, dos valores, dos crit?rios, dos padr?es societ?rios, das requisi??es e das condi??es de trabalho. Para tanto, envolvemos a revis?o da literatura que abrange a proposta estudada com a pesquisa de campo, e o levantamento e an?lises de documentos institucionais e entrevistas semi-estruturadas com 9(nove) assistentes sociais inseridas nas equipes t?cnicas das Casas de Passagem de Natal/RN. Os resultados demonstram que s?o criadas novas demandas que necessitam de outras respostas da profiss?o, fazendo com que esta tenha que organizar em seu interior tais respostas, posicionando-se diante da realidade social em quest?o. As respostas socioprofissionais perpassam a interpreta??o dos profissionais sobre seus espa?os profissionais, a leitura do que consideram ser suas demandas e a elabora??o de respostas a elas, em um cen?rio de requisi??es institucionais que muitas vezes requer a resolutividade imediata de determinadas situa??es num sentido utilit?rio no rol da prote??o e do combate de viola??o de direitos sociais. Essas quest?es apontam para a necessidade de combina??o das dimens?es te?rico-metodol?gica, ?tico-pol?tica e t?cnico-operativa e as condi??es objetivas que fundamentam o exerc?cio profissional, de modo a tornar real e concreta a possibilidade de construir no cotidiano respostas socioprofissionais e pol?ticas que tenham um conte?do valorativo e cr?tico que reconhe?a as necessidades individuais dos acolhidos como coletivas no conjunto das lutas sociais. / The present dissertation performs a analysis of the professional practice of social workers that work in the institutional reception spaces for children and adolescents in the particularity of the municipality of Natal, locus of the empirical research. Considering these occupational spaces that embody different expressions of the social question that mark the questions of care situation, the professional practice has characteristics that demand new needs, new ways of understanding and involvement of social workers within childcare services, in a way that the study set out to identify and analyze the demands made to the Social Service and the answers of he Professional category in institutional childcare services. From a critical-dialectical analysis, under the theoretical-methodological approach of a qualitative and quantitative basis, constitutes reflections about the current contours of the professional work of the social worker, with their new and traditional demands, forged in the recent framework of relations between the State and society in the country, which acquire distinct characteristics in the child and adolescent care services, in the face of social, legal and historical dimensions that guide the theme. The path established between knowledge and the concrete addressed reality and problematizated required necessary mediations highlighting what lies behind these relations: the contradictions and impasses by which the professional exercise is carried out, evidencing the link between social demands and social needs in capitalist society, which are merged in the face of the particular determinations of the Social Service and alter them in terms of the demands, users, values, criteria, corporate standards, requisitions and working conditions. In order to do so, we have included a review of the literature that covers the study proposal with the field research, and the collection and analysis of institutional documents and semi-structured interviews with 9 (nine) social workers included in the technical teams of the Temporary Shelters from Natal/RN. The results demonstrate that new demands are created that require other responses from the profession, so that it has to organize in its interior such answers, positioning itself before the social reality in question. The socio-professional responses permeate the professionals' interpretation of their professional spaces, the reading of what they consider to be their demands and the elaboration of responses to them, in a scenario of institutional requisites that often requires the immediate resolution of certain situations in a utilitarian sense in the role of protection and combat of violation of social rights. These questions point to the need to combine the theoretical-methodological, ethical-political and technical-operative dimensions and the objective conditions that underlie professional practice, so as to make real and concrete the possibility of building socio profesional and political answers in the daily life containing a evaluative critical content that recognizes the individual needs of those people in shelters as collective in the set of social struggles.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:33Z No. of bitstreams: 5 31.pdf: 1157131 bytes, checksum: f9cc75761ea50188e5de5aa60ce65479 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T18:26:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 31.pdf: 1157131 bytes, checksum: f9cc75761ea50188e5de5aa60ce65479 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T18:26:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 31.pdf: 1157131 bytes, checksum: f9cc75761ea50188e5de5aa60ce65479 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Avaliaram-se a produtividade de mat?ria seca e a composi??o bromatol?gica de gram?neas forrageiras colhidas em ?rea degradada pela deposi??o de res?duos s?lidos urbanos, num experimento em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco gram?neas nas parcelas e tr?s cortes nas subparcelas no tempo, com quatro repeti??es. O teor e a absor??o de minerais e a concentra??o de metais pesados foram avaliados no 2? corte, no delineamento em blocos casualizados, com cinco gram?neas e quatro repeti??es. As gram?neas utilizadas foram Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu e cv. Xara?s e Panicum maximum cv. Tanz?nia, colhidas com 42 dias de rebrota??o. A produtividade de mat?ria seca por corte foi de at? 1.480 kg/ha, o teor m?nimo de prote?na bruta (PB) foi 9,5% e o teor m?dio de fibra detergente neutro (FDN) foi 62,3%. As gram?neas forrageiras apresentam resultados satisfat?rios em produtividade de mat?ria seca e composi??o bromatol?gica, constituindo em alternativa para a reabilita??o de ?rea degradada por res?duos s?lidos urbanos, assim como adequada composi??o mineral, ? exce??o de f?sforo, cujo teor foi muito baixo. As concentra??es de todos os metais pesados encontram-se abaixo do n?vel de toxicidade para as plantas. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT We evaluated the dry matter yield and chemical composition of grasses harvested in an area degraded by deposition of solid waste. The experiment was conducted in a split plot randomized block design with five grass plots and subplots in the three cuts time, with four replications. The content and the absorption of minerals and heavy metals were evaluated in the second cut, in a randomized block design with four replications and five grasses. The grasses used were Brachiaria decumbens cv. Basilisk, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu and cv. Xara?s, and Panicum maximum cv. Tanz?nia, taken at 42 days regrowth. The yield of dry matter per cutting reached up to 1480 kg / ha, the minimum content of crude protein (CP) was 9.5% and the average content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was 62.3%. The grasses have good results in dry matter yield and chemical composition, providing an alternative for the rehabilitation of degraded area by municipal solid waste, and adequate mineral composition, except for phosphorus content was very low. The concentrations of all heavy metals are below the level of toxicity to plants.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TertulianoAN.pdf: 232411 bytes, checksum: a161cb11c2dc4f0938a8a590c218ab3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-12 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Enterocutaneous fistulas are associated with prolonged hospital stay, high morbidity/mortality, and increase in hospital costs. This study aims to describe the use of a vacuum system and normal oral diet in dealing with this problem. Methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with recent and defined external postoperative fistulas were analyzed. Abdominal imaging was used to exclude abscess and distal obstruction. The fistula tract was sealed with Foley catheter, connected to a negative pressure flask, changed daily for 5, 10 or 15 days, as necessary. Normal oral diet was permitted. Results: No patient died. Serum albumin and transferrin showed significantly higher levels at the end of treatment than at the beginning. The moderate and low-output fistulas had the best results (97% closed). Forty-eight (65%) fistulas closed after five days, 16(22%) after 10 days and 4(5%) after 15 days. Treatment failed in 6(8%) patients, who subsequently underwent surgery. Only one patient with low-output did not close her fistula. The cost of the treatment was US$ 41.75/day and it was considered cost effective. Conclusions: The vacuum system demonstrated good results in the treatment of fistulas. It included simplicity, low cost, short hospital stay, absence of skin breakdown, normal eating, good nutrition and activity patterns / As f?stulas enterocut?neas s?o associadas com hospitaliza??o prolongada, alta morbidez e mortalidade, e aumento dos custos hospitalares. Foi realizado estudo com o objetivo de analisar o uso de um sistema a v?cuo e dieta oral normal para o tratamento dessas f?stulas. M?todos: Foram analisados setenta e quatro pacientes consecutivos portadores de f?stulas enterocut?neas p?s-operat?rias, recentes e bem definidas. Exames abdominais por imagem foram usados para excluir abscesso e obstru??o intestinal distal. O trajeto fistuloso foi fechado com sonda de Foley conectada a um frasco de press?o negativa, que era trocado diariamente por 5, 10 ou 15 dias, conforme necess?rio. Foi permitida dieta oral normal a todos os pacientes. Resultados: Nenhum paciente morreu. Os n?veis de albumina e transferrina s?rica mostraram-se significativamente mais elevados no final do tratamento, quanto comparado com seu in?cio. As fstulas de d?bitos baixo e moderado atingiram os melhores resultados e 97% delas fecharam. Quarenta e oito (65%) f?stulas fecharam ap?s 5 dias, 16(22%) ap?s 10 dias e 4(5%) ap?s 15 dias de tratamento. O sistema falhou em 6(8%) pacientes, que subseq?entemente foram submetidos a interven??o cir?rgica. Apenas em um paciente com fi?stula de baixo d?bito n?o se conseguiu resultado satisfat?rio. O tratamento teve o custo di?rio de R$ 108,55 e foi considerado baixo e efetivo. Conclus?es: O sistema a v?cuo utilizado demonstrou bons resultados no tratamento das f?stulas. Caracterizou-se por simplicidade na execu??o, baixo custo, curto per?odo de hospitaliza??o, aus?ncia de les?es cut?neas, dieta normal, bom estado nutricional, mobilidade e atividades normais dos pacientes