Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1991. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-74). Also available via the Internet.

Author of the work: Geda Maciulevičienė Theme of the work: Research of nannies work and desirable personality characteristics Place of work preparation: Lithuanian university of agriculture, Department of professional pedagogy and psychology, Academy, 2006 Volume of the work: 68 pages There are: 7 Tables, 11 Picture, 9 appendixes in the work The number of used sources of literature: 29 The object of investigation: Nannies job and desirable personality characteristics During the research there were used these methods: • Study and analysis of literature • Analysis of documents facts • Conversation • Questionnaire These results were received after the research: Mother looking for a nanny, wants that nanny would be mild, simplicity, sympathy, loving, this knows place and value in strange family. Woman, which want to work in nanny agency, are thoroughly selected analyzing familial opinion of nanny. Nanny abroad is employee which take care of baby in privately and has this responsibility: babies or little child feed, wash, dressing; their game and cognitive care; planning creative games; repast and sleeping time; constantly communicate with parents, that to know applicable tutorial and care methods of parents requirement; to stand sentinel over the child from possible danger; swimming pool, kitchen small tools and utensils; gas, toxicity material and spiral or moving staircase.

The home as a site for childcare is linked to notions of 'good' parenting, and the employment of a nanny is often meant to create an extended family which enables a child to be nurtured in this private space. Qualitative interviews undertaken with fifty-one families and eleven nannies indicate that this childcare arrangement is complex and involves shifting and divergent constructions of what good parenting and good childcare are. This childcare arrangement often failed because of the complexities of the employer-employee relationship, and a failed attempt at familial attachment. A partial explanation as to why this fails is that some nannies view their employment as a 'bad' parenting strategy, and suggest that it is the parents who should be nurturing the children. This tension around the appropriateness of certain childcare strategies is indicative of discourses of proper parenting and maternal ideals, and is intimately connected to place. Expanding on this theme, interviews were undertaken with ten daycares in the city of Vancouver to examine how discourses of proper parenting are reworked in a 'public' space. This inquiry introduces more directly issues of class, opportunity and the socialization of children. The maternal ideals expressed in the first part of the study are reworked, and sometimes abandoned, in the delivery of public childcare services. Further, there is a process of normalization that takes place in the designation and segregation of children based on age, and whether they are 'typical' or 'special needs'. I argue that greater attention to emotion is needed in the study of childcare, and greater appreciation of difference is needed in the delivery of childcare. This thesis also questions its original premise, that of looking at childcare as public and private options, and of seeing childcare as an employment strategy.

The home as a site for childcare is linked to notions of 'good' parenting, and the employment of a nanny is often meant to create an extended family which enables a child to be nurtured in this private space. Qualitative interviews undertaken with fifty-one families and eleven nannies indicate that this childcare arrangement is complex and involves shifting and divergent constructions of what good parenting and good childcare are. This childcare arrangement often failed because of the complexities of the employer-employee relationship, and a failed attempt at familial attachment. A partial explanation as to why this fails is that some nannies view their employment as a 'bad' parenting strategy, and suggest that it is the parents who should be nurturing the children. This tension around the appropriateness of certain childcare strategies is indicative of discourses of proper parenting and maternal ideals, and is intimately connected to place. Expanding on this theme, interviews were undertaken with ten daycares in the city of Vancouver to examine how discourses of proper parenting are reworked in a 'public' space. This inquiry introduces more directly issues of class, opportunity and the socialization of children. The maternal ideals expressed in the first part of the study are reworked, and sometimes abandoned, in the delivery of public childcare services. Further, there is a process of normalization that takes place in the designation and segregation of children based on age, and whether they are 'typical' or 'special needs'. I argue that greater attention to emotion is needed in the study of childcare, and greater appreciation of difference is needed in the delivery of childcare. This thesis also questions its original premise, that of looking at childcare as public and private options, and of seeing childcare as an employment strategy. / Arts, Faculty of / Geography, Department of / Graduate

This research explores the training needs of nannies in the United Kingdom in terms of the content and structure of introductory training. The research question formulated for this study is: What are the introductory training needs of nannies in the United Kingdom? The researcher approached the study qualitatively and empirical data was collected by means of a focus group discussion with a group of nannies. Empirical data indicates that nannies need training regarding: • The professional aspect of nannying; • the physical, emotional, and intellectual needs of children; • the various developmental levels of children and the role of the nanny within each phase; • working with parents; • different religions and cultures and their childcare practices. It was found that nannies need training that is structured in an affordable, brief, specific and practical way. The study therefore reveals that nannies have specific needs regarding both the content and structure of childcare training. / Thesis (M. Ed.)

This research explores the training needs of nannies in the United Kingdom in terms of the content and structure of introductory training. The research question formulated for this study is: What are the introductory training needs of nannies in the United Kingdom? The researcher approached the study qualitatively and empirical data was collected by means of a focus group discussion with a group of nannies. Empirical data indicates that nannies need training regarding: • The professional aspect of nannying; • the physical, emotional, and intellectual needs of children; • the various developmental levels of children and the role of the nanny within each phase; • working with parents; • different religions and cultures and their childcare practices. It was found that nannies need training that is structured in an affordable, brief, specific and practical way. The study therefore reveals that nannies have specific needs regarding both the content and structure of childcare training. / Thesis (M. Ed.)

[pt] As inúmeras transformações que acompanham a contemporaneidade, podem requerer determinados ajuste no ambiente familiar, principalmente quando há crianças pequenas. Diante deste contexto, a babá hoje se estabelece como sendo uma figura que compartilha os cuidados com a família, não somente no que diz respeito à sobrevivência, mas como participante do processo de desenvolvimento infantil. Embora seu trabalho seja de fundamental importância, pouco se pesquisa e se reflete acerca de seu contexto de vida, da sua escolha profissional e de como realiza as práticas de cuidado com a criança. A tese, portanto, visa identificar, à luz da perspectiva sociocultural, as práticas e crenças de cuidado infantil, bem como a percepção das babás acerca das práticas maternas, em dois contextos culturais distintos, Brasil e Portugal. A pesquisa contou com 34 participantes, sendo 16 respondentes brasileiras e 18 portuguesas. Para a realização deste trabalho, utilizouse uma pesquisa semiestruturada, composta por 9 questões, sendo que a última pergunta, apresentou as figuras que representam os cinco sistemas de cuidado parental. Os resultados foram analisados de forma qualitativa, através do software IraMuteQ e da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. No Brasil as práticas de cuidados se associaram a conteúdos afetivos, enquanto em Portugal, o foco estava voltado para o desenvolvimento cognitivo. Quanto às crenças de cuidado infantil, tanto as babás brasileiras quanto as portuguesas remeteram a alguns aprendizados que lhes foram transmitidos na infância e, que hoje, procuram passar às crianças que estão sob sua responsabilidade. No que diz respeito à percepção de práticas maternas, as babás brasileiras entendiam que estas buscavam estabelecer interações afetivas, atividades de lazer e cuidados relativos às necessidades básicas. As babás portuguesas acreditaram que as práticas maternas tratavam de cuidados voltados para a alimentação, a exploração do ambiente e a necessidade de criar vínculo entre mãe/filho. A pesquisa contribuiu para compreender o papel da babá em relação às práticas de cuidado infantil, bem como a influência do contexto sociocultural, no exercício dessas práticas e sua relação com a criança. / [en] The countless transformations that accompany contemporary times may require certain adjustments in the family environment, especially when there are young children. Given this context, the nanny can establish herself as a character who shares care with the family, not only with regard to survival, but as a participant in the child development process. Although her work is of fundamental importance, little is researched and reflected on her life context, her professional choice and how she carries out child care practices. The thesis, therefore, aims to identify, in light of a sociocultural perspective, child care practices and beliefs, as well as nannies perception of maternal practices, in two distinct cultural contexts, Brazil and Portugal. The research had 34 participants, 16 Brazilian respondents and 18 Portuguese respondents. To carry out this work, a semi-structured survey was used, consisting of 9 questions, with the last question presenting figures representing the five parental care systems. The results were analyzed qualitatively, using the IraMuteQ software and Bardin s content analysis. In Brazil, care practices were associated with affective content, while in Portugal, the focus was on cognitive development. Regarding child care beliefs, both Brazilian and Portuguese nannies referred to some lessons that were passed on to them in childhood and which, today, they try to pass on to the children under their responsibility. With regard to the perception of maternal practices, Brazilian nannies understood that they sought to establish affective interactions, leisure activities and care related to basic needs. Portuguese nannies believed that maternal practices dealt with care focused on nutrition, exploration of the environment and the need to create a bond between mother/child. The research contributed to understanding the role of the nanny in relation to child care practices, as well as the influence of the sociocultural context, in the exercise of these practices and their relationship with the child.

This thesis is an industry study of the market for in-home child care--a market which has developed rapidly in the past 10 years. The economic considerations discussed herein are the market-making characteristics of demand (for nannies), supply (availability of an appropriately skilled labor pool--from both the legal and illegal market), price (wage levels and premiums) and the contracting issues of asymmetric information, search costs, transaction costs, uncertainty and risk. The market is best-explained as a search model and its behavior is driven by solutions to contracting problems. / Master of Arts

[pt] As transformações socioculturais no Ocidente influenciaram profundamente a família contemporânea. As mudanças no papel da mulher e o seu deslocamento para o ambiente profissional fizeram com que os cuidados realizados com crianças pequenas fossem compartilhados por outros cuidadores, como por exemplo, as babás. O objetivo da pesquisa foi identificar as práticas e crenças de cuidado infantil realizado por mães e babás de famílias nucleares, e assim, comparar tais achados. O estudo de cunho qualitativo entrevistou 15 duplas de mães e babás, com filhos de até três anos de idade. As famílias residiam na zona sul do Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas, contendo nove questões, além das cinco imagens referentes aos sistemas parentais de Keller (2005). A maioria das mães apresentou escolaridade superior, enquanto as babás, ensino fundamental incompleto a ensino médio completo. Os resultados demostraram que mães e babás estabeleceram ordens semelhantes para as figuras dos sistemas parentais de cuidado. Outro dado identificou 12 categorias comuns referentes à prática de cuidados infantil desempenhada por mães e babás. A maioria das cuidadoras relatou a transmissão de crenças pessoais para as crianças a partir da interação e da prática de cuidados. O trabalho concluiu que as crenças e práticas dos cuidadores são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento infantil na primeira infância. / [en] Sociocultural transformations in the West have profoundly influenced the contemporary family. Changes in the role of women and their shift to the professional environment meant that care provided to young children was shared by other caregivers, such as nannies. The objective of the research was to identify childcare practices and beliefs carried by mothers and nannies form nuclear families, and thus compare these findings. The qualitative study interviewed 15 pairs of mothers and nannies, with children up to three years old. The families lived in the south of Rio de Janeiro. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, containing nine questions, in addition to the five images referring to Keller s parental systems (2005). Most mothers had higher education, while nannies, incomplete elementary school to complete high school. The results showed that mothers and nannies established similar orders for the figures of parental care systems. Another finding identified 12 common categories referring to the practice of child care performed by mothers and nannies. Most caregivers reported the transmission of personal beliefs to children from interaction and care practice. The paper concluded that caregivers beliefs and practices are fundamental to early child development.

Kollegialt lärande är en metod där arbetslaget definierar problem och utmaningar i den egna praktiken i ett professionsutvecklande syfte. Föreliggande studie fokuserar på kollegialt lärande i arbetslaget i förskolan där samarbetet mellan förskollärare och barnskötare är av stor betydelse. Av den anledningen utgår studien från både ett förskollärarperspektiv och ett barnskötarperspektiv av det kollegiala lärandet i förskolan. För att synliggöra en varierad bild av kollegialt lärande i förskolan syftar denna studie till att söka kunskap om förskollärares och barnskötares resonemang om den egna professionsutvecklingen. Studiens teoretiska utgångspunkt är systemteorin där sociala system likt förskolans organisation, betraktas som öppna och i ständig utveckling. Studien är baserad på intervjuer med förskollärare och barnskötare där deras resonemang av kollegialt lärande lyfts fram. Analysen av dessa resonemang resulterade i tre teman; Resonemang om kollegialt lärande, Förskollärarens och barnskötares roll i det kollegiala lärandet samt Upplevelser av det kollegiala lärandets bidrag till förskolebarnets lärande och utveckling. Resultatet visar betydelsen av kollegialt lärande för att uppnå variation och således ändra konstansen för att tillföra ny kunskap till arbetslaget. Nivåer i organisationen där hierarkier har betydelse för att uppnå struktur i lärandeorganisationen samt upplevelser av att ett helhetstänkande där hela arbetslagets kompetenser är betydelsefulla, dominerar i alla tre teman. Studien har bidragit till att öka kunskapen om att kollegialt lärande är en effektiv metod att använda i förskolans kontext i ett professionsutvecklande syfte. Emellertid visar studien att kollegialt lärande är avhängigt av ett tillvaratagande av hela arbetslagets kompetens samt betydelsen av att förskolläraren leder och strukturerar samarbetet mellan kollegorna. / Collegial learning is a method where the work team defines problems and challenges in their own practice for the purpose of professional development. The present study focuses on collegial learning in the work team in preschool where the cooperation between preschool teachers and nannies is of great importance. For that reason, the study is based on both a preschool teacher’s perspective and a nannie’s perspective on collegial learning in preschool. To create a visible and varied picture of collegial learning in preschool, this study aims to seek knowledge about preschool teachers and nannies reasoning about their own professional development. The study’s theoretical point of departure is system theory, where social systems, like preschools organization, are considered open and in constant development. The study is based on interviews with preschool teachers and nannies where their reasoning for collegial learning is highlighted. The analysis of these reasoning resulted in three themes: Reasoning about collegial learning, the role of the preschool teachers and nannies in the collegial learning and experience of the contribution of the collegial learning to the preschool child learning and development. The result shows the importance of collegial learning to achieve variation and thus change the constancy to add new knowledge to the work team. Levels in the organization where hierarchies are important for achieving structure in the learning organization, as well as experiences of holistic thinking where the competencies of the entire work team are important, dominate in all three themes. The study has contributed to increasing the knowledge that collegial learning is an effective method to use in the preschool context for a professional development purpose. However, the study shows that collegial learning is dependent on utilizing the competence of the entire work team as well as the importance of the preschool teachers leading and structuring the collaboration between colleagues.