A presente pesquisa visou a responder à questão de como se dá a articulação, nas redes sociais virtuais, em particular no Facebook e no LinkedIn, entre a dinâmica narcísica pós-moderna (em que os sujeitos são estimulados a gozar narcisicamente e impelidos a vender-se constantemente para conquistar seu lugar nesta sociedade do espetáculo) e a economia do desejo e do gozo de sujeitos em situação de desemprego. Dado que a condição de desemprego é socialmente desvalorizada (ou seja, representa uma ferida narcísica para muitos sujeitos), numa sociedade movida por uma dinâmica de estímulos narcísicos de seus membros, o objetivo foi apreender que discursos manifestos e inconscientes sujeitos que estão desempregados produzem nas redes sociais virtuais. A abordagem adotada foi qualitativa, com a base teórica sendo um recorte da psicanálise freudo-lacaniana, em particular no que se refere aos conceitos de inconsciente, desejo, gozo e narcisismo. O método utilizado foi a chamada netnografia adaptação da etnografia para comunidades online. Os instrumentos de pesquisa foram: I) observação e coleta de dados de perfis (posts, descrição, etc.), durante períodos que variaram de 5 meses a 1 ano e 10 meses (entre janeiro de 2012 e outubro de 2013), de 10 usuários do Facebook e do LinkedIn, residentes no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, que estavam em situação de desemprego; II) entrevistas abertas com esses usuários através de mensagens privadas trocadas com eles por meio das próprias redes sociais; III) anotações de campo. A principal conclusão é a de que sujeitos em situação de desemprego usam o Facebook e o LinkedIn de forma a tentar tamponar a ferida narcísica, na sua imagem para o outro, que o desemprego representa, nesta sociedade do espetáculo em que vivemos. Fazem isso construindo imagens de si, nessas redes sociais, selecionando o que publicam e elidindo seu sofrimento ligado à condição em que estão, tentando parecer que gozam imageticamente como os outros usuários delas, mesmo que possam estar consideravelmente mais fragilizados que eles, desejando ser reconhecidos pelo outro, independentemente da condição em que estão / This research aimed to answer the question of how the postmodern narcissistic dynamic (in which subjects are encouraged to have narcissistic jouissance and are impelled to sell themselves constantly to conquer their place in this society of the spectacle) relates to the desire and jouissance economy of unemployed subjects on social network sites, specifically on Facebook and LinkedIn. Since the condition of being unemployed is socially devalued (that is, it represents a narcissistic wound for many subjects) in a society driven by a dynamic in which its members are narcissistically stimulated, the goal was to apprehend what manifest and unconscious discourses subjects who are unemployed produce on social network sites. A qualitative approach was adopted with the theoretical background based on the Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis, in particular with regard to the concepts of the unconscious, desire, jouissance and narcissism. The method used was netnography an adaptation of ethnography to online communities. The research instruments were: I) observation and data collection of profiles (posts, description, etc.), for periods ranging from 5 months to 1 year and 10 months (between January 2012 and October 2013) of 10 Facebook and LinkedIn users, resident in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, who were unemployed; II) open interviews with these users held by means of private messages exchanged with them through the social network sites; III) field notes. The main conclusion is that unemployed individuals use Facebook and LinkedIn to try to buffer the narcissistic wound in his or her self image that being unemployed represents in this society of the spectacle in which we live. They do this by building images of themselves in these sites, selecting what they publish and eliding their suffering related to the condition in which they are, trying to look like as if they have had jouissance like other users, even though they may be considerably more fragile, desiring to be recognized by the other regardless of the condition in which they are

Presence of the Dark Triad traits of Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy in the workplace, especially among managers, has received increased attention due to the implications for organizations. One way to influence behavior in business organizations is through controlled interventions to change individual mind-sets. A review of the extant literature indicated that the relationship between Dark Triad traits and mind-set had not been sufficiently examined. A quantitative study was conducted to examine whether a manager's Dark Triad traits predict their mindset. To explore this relationship, a sample of 153 managers' responses was collected online. The Short Dark Triad measure was used to assess participants' Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy and the Implicit Theory Measure was used to assess mind-set. Regression showed that only Machiavellianism predicts mind-set, accounting for 7% of the variance in mind-set as the criterion variable. The findings indicate that the relationship between Dark Triad traits and mind-set is weaker than a review of the extant psychological literature might suggest. Additionally, this study found that the Dark Triad traits are significantly negatively correlated with manager age, which might provide a new direction for further research. Further research on how and why Dark Triad traits tend to decline with age is recommended. The present study suggests that a better understanding of the relationship between the Dark Triad traits and mind-set and the knowledge that controlled interventions aimed at promoting a growth mind-set are most likely not a useful tool to mitigate the level of Dark Triad psychological traits of managers in business organizations.

Dans notre étude, nous nous intéressons aux personnes âgées originaires du Maghreb qui vivent en France, pendant leur retraite, après avoir immigrés et continuent à vivre en foyer SONACOTRA (devenue ADOMA). Plus spécifiquement, nous avons sélectionné des hommes considérés comme isolés car bien que mariés dans leur pays d’origine, avec à leur charge femme et enfants, ils ont une vie de célibataire, ici, en France.Nous avons utilisé l’entretien semi-directif et l’Echelle Dépressive Gériatrique comme outils d’évaluation. Nous avons sélectionné six foyers dans la région Rhône-Alpes pour leur pourcentage élevé de maghrébins parmi leurs résidents. Les entretiens se sont déroulés de Février 2007 à Mars 2009.La passation de l’échelle de dépression gériatrique a eu lieu une semaine avant leur départ pour le pays d’origine et une semaine après leur retour. Elle a permis de confirmer l’importance de la dépression dans notre échantillon. Et, une diminution des scores (donc une amélioration de la thymie) entre les deux passations est notée pour la majorité des sujets. A partir de cette simple observation, nous pouvons déduire que les voyages au pays d’origine ont un effet revalorisant sur ces hommes comme nous l’avions émis dans nos hypothèses.Il apparait, à ce propos, que c’est la réussite d’un projet, au pays d’origine qui a un effet positif sur leur moral. Ce faisant ils ont recréé un ancrage professionnel dans leur pays au moment où celui-ci est perdu, en France. Cette réalisation est, de plus, l’aboutissement du projet d’origine puisque leur but premier était de travailler, ici, pour construire là-bas. / In our study, we are interested in the elderly people originating in the Maghreb who live in France, during their retirement, after having immigrant and continue to live in hearth SONACOTRA (become ADOMA). More specifically, we selected men considered as isolated because although married in their country of origin, with the responsability a woman and children, they have a single life, here, in France.We used semi-directing maintenance and the Geriatric Depressive Scale as evaluation tools. We selected six hearths in the Rhône-Alpes area for their high percentage of Maghrebians among their residents. The talks proceeded from February 2007 to March 2009.The signing of the scale of geriatric depression took place one week before their departure for the country of origin and one week after their return. It allowed to confirm the importance of the depression in our sample. And, a decrease of the scores (thus an improvement of the thymie) between both signings is noted for the majority of the subjects. From this simple observation, we can deduce that the journeys in the country of origin have an effect's revalorizing on these men as we had emitted it in our hypothese. It appears, on this subject, that it is the success of a project, in the country of origin which has a positive effect on their moral. By doing this they recreated an anchoring professional's in their country at the time when this one is lost, in France. This realization is, moreover, the result of the project of origin since their primary goal was to work, here, to build over there.

Abstract not available

This study presents an attempt to understand the political and aesthetic relationship between two of Modernism’s most enigmatic authors, Wyndham Lewis and Ford Madox Ford by examining their novelistic practice in light of their writings on politics and social criticism. A close look at the use of ironic distance, a hallmark feature in our understanding of modernist fiction, in Tarr (1918) and The Good Soldier (1915) reveals both authors conscious effort to distance themselves from their novel’s subjects, Fredric Tarr and John Dowell respectively. In light of both novels’ satirical element, a scathing attack on bourgeois narcissism caused by the wealthier class’ persistent attempts to identify with hollow and self serving social roles through the sham-aristocratic prestige created by England’s pre-war commodity culture, and the fact that both Fredric Tarr and John Dowell are artist figures that somehow resemble their creators, this project reinterprets Ford and Lewis’ ironic distance as an instance of self-distanciation. From this we can infer that both Ford and Lewis were invested in the modernist idea of impersonality, not just as a artistic or literary technique, but as the artist’s only means of escaping the narcissistic and slothful trap of modern subjectivity, and that, along with the production of modernist art, they saw a continual self-effacement as the price of authenticity, therefore inspiring in them the conviction to live as “uncelebrated stylists.”

Realityshower och dokusåpor tar allt större plats i våra tv-tablåer och är under ständig debatt. Programmen sänds numera på prime time och finns hela tiden tillgängliga via internet. Just nu är dokusåpan Paradise Hotel mest aktuell och har fått utstå mycket kritik. Detta på grund av de stora mängder alkohol som deltagarna dricker samt programmets inslag av sexuell karaktär.     Genrens namn, reality-tv, ger sken av att det är verkligheten som speglas i programmen, men hur verkligt är egentligen det vi får se? Hur stor makt har produktionsbolaget över deltagarna och hur redigeras det filmade materialet för att locka tittarna? Det är frågor som den här uppsatsen syftar till att försöka besvara. Vi ville, utifrån deltagarnas synvinkel, undersöka hur verklig reality-tv verkligen är.     För att göra detta har vi valt att göra semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex deltagare från dokusåpan Paradise Hotel. Dessa har vi sedan analyserat med hjälp av en hermeneutisk analysmetod. De teoretiska perspektiv vi främst använt oss av är individualism, voyeurism och narcissism.     Det är svårt att ge några exakta svar på de frågeställningar som ligger till grund för studien då deltagarnas åsikter ofta går isär. Vi har dock kunnat konstatera att de flesta av dem vi intervjuat inte sökte till programmet själva, utan blev handplockade av produktionsbolaget. Det är också tydligt att deltagarna tilldelas roller i efterhand när det filmade materialet redigeras. Dessa roller är vissa av deltagarna nöjda med, medan andra är upprörda över hur de framställts i tv. / Realityshows and docusoaps gets more and more space in our TV-guides and are under constant debate. It is more usual nowadays that the shows are being aired on prime time than before, and the shows are constantly available on internet. Right now the show Paradise Hotel is most current and has endured a lot of criticism because of the amount of alcohol and sex it contains.     The name of the genre, reality-TV, makes it sound like it is the reality that is reflected in the shows, but how real is actually reality-TV? How much power does the production company have over the participants and how much is the filmed material edited afterwards to attract the audience? It is questions like this we will try to give answers to in this study. Our purpose is to examine how real reality-TV is, from the participants' point of view.     To do this we have chosen to do semi structured interviews with six participants from the reality show Paradise Hotel. This has been analyzed through a hermeneutic point of view.     It's hard to give any exact answers to the questions that the study is based on because of the different opinions of the participants. Though, we found that most of the persons that we have interviewed did not apply for the show themselves, they got handpicked from the production company. Also, it is obvious that the participants have been assigned characters afterwards when the shot material has been edited. It is also clear that some of the participants are pleased with the character they have been assigned, while others are upset with how they have been changed into someone they are not.

This study intended to investigate the role of perceived social problem solving, narcissism, self-esteem, and gender in predicting aggressive behaviors of high school students. The sample consisted of 825 participants recruited from five high schools in Ankara. Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ), D&#039 / Zurilla and Maydeu-Olivares Social Problem Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R), Ames, Rose, and Anderson Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used as the data collection instruments. Standard Multiple Linear Regression Analyses were performed to investigate predictive value of social problem solving (i.e., negative problem orientation, rational problem solving, impulsivity/carelessness style, and avoidance style), narcissism, self-esteem, and gender in understanding high school students&rsquo / aggressive behaviors (i.e., physical aggression, anger, hostility, and verbal aggression). Results of the present study indicated that gender, narcissism, impulsivity/carelessness style, negative problem orientation, and rational problem solving were significantly related to adolescents&rsquo / physical aggressive behaviors. However, self-esteem and avoidance style did not significantly correlate with physical aggression. Moreover, negative problem orientation, narcissism, impulsivity/carelessness style and gender were significantly related to anger / conversely the relationship between anger and self-esteem, rational problem solving, and avoidance style were not significant. Furthermore, although there was a significant correlation between hostility and negative problem orientation, self-esteem, narcissism, and rational problem solving, there was no significant relationship between adolescent hostile behaviors and avoidance style, impulsivity/carelessness style, and gender. Finally, impulsivity/carelessness style, narcissism, rational problem solving, and gender were significantly related to adolescents&rsquo / verbal aggressive behaviors, nevertheless self-esteem, negative problem orientation, and avoidance style did not significantly correlate with verbal aggression. Theoretical and practical implications and recommendations for future research have been presented.

This study presents an attempt to understand the political and aesthetic relationship between two of Modernism’s most enigmatic authors, Wyndham Lewis and Ford Madox Ford by examining their novelistic practice in light of their writings on politics and social criticism. A close look at the use of ironic distance, a hallmark feature in our understanding of modernist fiction, in Tarr (1918) and The Good Soldier (1915) reveals both authors conscious effort to distance themselves from their novel’s subjects, Fredric Tarr and John Dowell respectively. In light of both novels’ satirical element, a scathing attack on bourgeois narcissism caused by the wealthier class’ persistent attempts to identify with hollow and self serving social roles through the sham-aristocratic prestige created by England’s pre-war commodity culture, and the fact that both Fredric Tarr and John Dowell are artist figures that somehow resemble their creators, this project reinterprets Ford and Lewis’ ironic distance as an instance of self-distanciation. From this we can infer that both Ford and Lewis were invested in the modernist idea of impersonality, not just as a artistic or literary technique, but as the artist’s only means of escaping the narcissistic and slothful trap of modern subjectivity, and that, along with the production of modernist art, they saw a continual self-effacement as the price of authenticity, therefore inspiring in them the conviction to live as “uncelebrated stylists.”

The empirical literature to date has indicated that narcissism is associated with reactive aggression; however, exactly why narcissists respond with aggression to provocation is yet to be determined. The present paper is an exploration of two possible means through which a lack of self-control could be an important predictor involved in narcissists‟ aggressive behavior: 1) a lack of self-control could explain the link between narcissism and aggression, and 2) the combination of insufficient self-control and narcissism could increase the likelihood of aggressive response to provocation. To explore these possibilities, an experiment was conducted in which 214 participants were first administered measures of narcissism and self-control. Then, random assignment determined whether the participant would be provoked through negative feedback on his/her performance. Participants were provided opportunities to aggress on two measures: 1) an evaluation of another‟s performance, 2) open-ended responses to a situational vignette. There were two major areas of focus in the results of the study. First, the effect of provocation was examined. As expected, provoked participants provided more aggressive responses on the evaluation of their peer than nonprovoked participants; however, provocation did not affect aggression on the situational vignette. Narcissism was associated with aggression on the situational vignette and not on the evaluation. These findings point to the strength of the situation in the prediction of behavior as it was only when provocation did not produce an effect that personality had a significant influence on aggression.  Second, the relationships among narcissism, self-control and aggression were examined. Narcissism was associated with low self-control as expected. Stepwise linear regression revealed a significant interaction between narcissism and self-control in the prediction of physical aggression in response to the situational vignette. The moderation effect of self-control and narcissism on physical aggression indicates that the combination of high narcissism and low self-control is important in predicting physical aggression. Additional post-hoc exploratory analyses suggest some overlap in the measures. Thus, suggestions for future research and methods of reducing the overlap in construct during measurement are provided.

Narcissism and physical self-efficacy and exercise commitment were investigated in 'addicted' and 'non-addicted' runners (n = 112) and aerobics exercisers (n = 57) and compared to a control group of non-exercisers (n = 42). Runners and aerobics exercisers were assigned to an 'addicted' or 'non-addicted' group using Hailey and Bailey's (1982) Negative Addiction Scale. All subjects completed biographical questionnaires, the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale (PSE). Although both narcissism and physical self-efficacy were found to play a significant role in exercise adoption, narciss\ism was the only significant variable when comparing 'addicted' and 'non-addicted' exercisers. Differences between the runners and aerobics exercisers were found with the aerobics exercisers exhibiting higher narcissistic tendencies than the runners. The runners were assigned to one of four quadrants based on their level of commitment and addiction to running and the Perceived Physical Ability subscale of the PSE and the Self-Sufficiency subscale of the NPI produced significant differences between the four quadrants. Taken together, the results suggest that addicted exercisers have the tendency to exhibit narcissistic traits, however the interaction with physical self-efficacy is equivocal. The findings are discussed with reference to relevant personality theory and implications for future research in this area. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1997.