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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
421

Technological Forecasting Based on Segmented Rate of Change

Lim, Dong-Joon 16 March 2015 (has links)
Consider the following questions in the early stage of new product development. What should be the target market for proposed design concepts? Who will be the competitors and how fast are they moving forward in terms of performance improvements? Ultimately, is the current design concept and targeted launch date feasible and competitive? To answer these questions, there is a need to integrate the product benchmarking with the assessment of performance improvement so that analysts can have a risk measure for their R&D target setting practices. Consequently, this study presents how time series benchmarking analysis can be used to assist scheduling new product releases. Specifically, the proposed model attempts to estimate the "auspicious" time by which proposed design concepts will be available as competitive products by taking into account the rate of performance improvement expected in a target segment. The empirical illustration of commercial airplane development has shown that this new method provides valuable information such as dominating designs, distinct segments, and the potential rate of performance improvement, which can be utilized in the early stage of new product development. In particular, six dominant airplanes are identified with corresponding local RoCs and, inter alia, technological advancement toward long-range and wide-body airplanes represents very competitive segments of the market with rapid changes. The resulting individualized RoCs are able to estimate the arrivals of four different design concepts, which is consistent with what has happened since 2007 in commercial airplane industry. In addition, the case study of the Exascale supercomputer development is presented to demonstrate the predictive use of the new method. The results indicate that the current development target of 2020 might entail technical risks considering the rate of change emphasizing power efficiency observed in the past. It is forecasted that either a Cray-built hybrid system using Intel processors or an IBM-built Blue Gene architecture system using PowerPC processors will likely achieve the goal between early 2021 and late 2022. This indicates that the challenge to improve the power efficiency by a factor of 23 would require the maximum delay of 4 years to reach the Exascale supercomputer compared to the existing performance curve.
422

Investigating the Single Category Belief Problem in a Hybrid Product

Aziz, Salma 18 August 2011 (has links)
Existing research suggests that when consumers encounter hybrid products or boundary-spanning products with attributes belonging to multiple categories, consumers tend to generate inferences based on only a single product category. Reliance on a single category for inferencing is termed as the “single category belief problem” which has been regarded as a vital marketing challenge because it leads consumers to underestimate the true utility of a hybrid product as certain product attributes are ignored. Our objective was to explore whether single category beliefs manifest in consumer choice for a hybrid product when strategically placed within varying contexts. The research used discrete choice experiment (DCE) to test hypotheses. Our research confirms that the single category belief is evident in consumer choice. We also found that the context the hybrid product is placed within has a major influence on what consumers preferred the most. Depending on the context a hybrid product was seen in had significant influence on how consumers evaluated product attributes and made purchase decisions. The findings for this research may be very beneficial for marketers.
423

Identificação do potencial de inovação em alternativas conceituais: uma abordagem conduzida mediante ampliação da ferramenta API_PC / Identification of the innovation potential in conceptual alternatives: an approach conducted by expanding the API_PC tool

Padilha, Juliane de Bassi 25 August 2017 (has links)
O grau de competitividade dos produtos, o encurtamento do seu ciclo de vida e o acesso a informação por parte do consumidor, compõem um cenário no qual o desenvolvimento de produtos diferenciados se faz necessário. Entretanto, para que isso ocorra é preciso haver um processo sistematizado e orientado para a inovação, quando da criação de produtos. O Projeto Conceitual constitui uma etapa, dentro do PDP (Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produto), na qual são estabelecidas muitas das decisões que nortearão o desenvolvimento do produto. Portanto, tem-se nesta fase um campo fértil para o planejamento da inovação. Neste contexto, desenvolver abordagens que auxiliem na seleção de alternativas conceituais permite que a inovação possa ser assimilada nas fases iniciais do PDP. A literatura aponta para a existência de métodos que auxiliam o processo de seleção de conceitos. Entre eles, a Ferramenta API_PC (Avaliação do Potencial de Inovação no Projeto Conceitual) apresenta critérios e subcritérios orientados para a seleção de uma concepção com maior potencial inovador na etapa do Projeto Conceitual. Neste contexto, foi identificada a oportunidade de ampliar os critérios/ subcritérios existentes na ferramenta, bem como atribuir novas valorações, de modo a robustecê-la. Desta forma, a presente pesquisa produziu um novo mapeamento dos elementos indutores de inovação a partir de dados obtidos pela revisão de literatura juntamente com uma análise reversa de quatro produtos considerados inovadores (analogamente a da Ferramenta API_PC). Feito isso, novas valorações foram estabelecidas por meio de um instrumento de coleta de dados aplicado a projetistas e estudantes. Na sequência, foi conduzido um experimento, em ambiente controlado, no qual foram avaliadas as alternativas conceituais de um produto presente no mercado. A avaliação foi realizada por sete grupos, compostos por profissionais e estudantes, dos quais quatro utilizaram a ferramenta proposta e três não a utilizaram. A partir de três pressupostos: i) utilização; ii) compreensão; e iii) seleção foi conduzida uma análise comparativa entre os grupos bem como a aplicação de um questionário individual a posteriori. Portanto, foi possível reconhecer a percepção conjunta e individual da tarefa proposta. A expansão da Ferramenta API_PC permitiu o desenvolvimento de um mecanismo robusto que de forma consistente auxilia a equipe de projeto na avaliação e identificação da alternativa conceitual com maior potencial inovador. / The degree of competitiveness of the products, the shortening of their life cycle and the access to information by the consumer, constitute a scenario in which the development of differentiated products becomes necessary. However, for this to happen, there must be a systematized and innovation-oriented process when creating products. The Conceptual Project is a step, within the PDP (Product Development Process), in which many of the decisions that guide the development of the product are established. Therefore, this stage has a fertile field for innovation planning. In this context, developing approaches that help in the selection of conceptual alternatives allows the innovation to be assimilated in the initial phases of the PDP. The literature points to the existence of methods that help the process of concept selection. Among them, the API_PC Tool (Evaluation of Innovation Potential in the Conceptual Project) presents criteria and subcriteria oriented to the selection of a conception with greater innovative potential in the Conceptual Project stage. In this context, the opportunity to expand the criteria / subcriteria in the tool was identified, as well as to attribute new valuations, in order to strengthen it. In this way, the present research sought to conduct a new mapping of the elements inducing innovation from data obtained by the literature review along with a reverse analysis of four products considered innovative (similarly to the API_PC Tool). Once this step was concluded, new assessments of these criteria were established through a data collection instrument applied to designers and students. An experiment was conducted in a controlled environment in which the conceptual alternatives of a product on the market were evaluated. The evaluation was performed by seven groups, composed of professionals and students, of whom four used the proposed tool and three did not use it. Based on three assumptions: i) utilization; ii) understanding; and iii) selection was conducted a comparative analysis between the groups as well as the application of an individual questionnaire “a posteriori”. Therefore, it was possible to recognize the joint and individual perception of the proposed task. The expansion of the API_PC Tool allowed the development of a robust mechanism that consistently assists the project team in the evaluation and identification of the conceptual alternative with greater innovative potential.
424

A Pricing Model for AIaaS : An analysis of a new AI personalization product within the edtech space / En Prismodell för AIaaS : En analys av en ny AI-baserad personifieringsprodukt inom edtech

JEFIMOVA, ZENJA, NABSETH, SOFIE January 2018 (has links)
As pricing is vital for an organization’s marketing strategy, it is a significant area to consider for companies offering new products where Artificial Intelligence as a service (AIaaS) is provided. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible pricing models for an AIaaS product. The study was delimited to the edtech industry. The main research question to be investigated was “What pricing model should an AI-company have for its B2B personalization product to correspond to the value delivered by it?”. Sub-research questions consisted of how perceived value can be related to price, what factors the organization should consider for the pricing model and the implications of implementation. The exploratory research was carried out through a literature review, a survey where Van Westendorp’s Price Sensitivity Meter was applied, as well as in-depth interviews to gather qualitative data. The quantitative results showed that the price sensitivity depends on the number of monthly active users a platform has, where there is a negative relationship between the number of monthly active users and the price willing to pay per learner. The qualitative results showed that the perceived value depends, amongst other factors, on which segment the buyer belongs to. The primary results were discussed with the findings from the literature review, which mainly consisted of pricing model for Software as a Service (SaaS) products, that resulted in a designed pricing model for AIaaS providers. The conclusion of the study is that pricing an entirely new product is complicated as the buyer does not know the value of the product. Also, there does not exist one single value which can be quantified and translated into price; the price must be adjusted according to the segment’s perceived value. The pricing model presented accounts for adjustable variables needed to be considered by an AIaaS provider before determining a price. Key-words: AI, AIaaS, edtech, education technology, personalization, price, pricing, pricing strategies, pricing models, pricing tools, pricing AIaaS, software pricing, pricing for new / Då prissättning är viktigt för en organisations marknadsstrategi, är det ett betydelsefullt område att ta hänsyn till för organisationer som erbjuder nya produkter baserade på Artificiell Intelligens as a Service (AIaaS). Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka möjliga prismodeller för AIaaS produkter. Studien var begränsad till edtech industrin. Den huvudsakliga forskningsfrågan var “Vilken prismodell borde ett AI-bolag ha för att dess B2B personifieringsprodukt ska motsvara det levererade värdet ?”. Delforskningsfrågor bestod av hur uppfattat värde kan relateras till pris, vilka faktorer en organisation bör ta hänsyn till för en prismodell samt implikationerna av att implementera den. Den utforskande studien genomfördes genom en litteraturstudie, en webbenkät där Van Westendorps priskänslighetsmätare applicerades, såväl som fördjupningsintervjuer för att samla kvalitativ data. De kvantitativa resultaten visade att priskänsligheten beror av antalet månatliga aktiva användare som plattformen har, vilket visar på ett negativt samband mellan antalet månatliga aktiva användare och priset en är villig att betala per elev. De kvalitativa resultaten visade att det uppfattade värdet beror av vilket segment köparen tillhör. De primära resultaten diskuterades mot resultaten från litteraturstudien, vilka främst bestod av prismodeller för SaaS produkter, och slutade i en framtagen prismodell för AIaaS leverantörer. Slutsatsen av studien är att prissättning av en ny produkt är komplicerat eftersom köparen inte vet värdet av produkten. Det finns heller inte ett enskilt värde som kan kvantifieras och översättas till ett pris; priset måste anpassas enligt segmentets uppfattade värde. Prismodellen som presenteras tar hänsyn till justerbara variabler som en AIaaS leverantör måste utvärdera innan ett pris bestäms.

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