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Twitter is an online social networking service which functions as an information sharing medium, hence it is perfect for media to convey pieces of news. The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and Al Jazeera English (AJE) are two international news channels that actively use Twitter to share their news stories. Previous investigations have found that depending on the news story, the BBC and AJE convey their pieces of news slightly differently. This study aims to give an analysis of the textual content in these two news channel’s text messages (tweets) on Twitter to see if there are linguistic variations. The tweets were analysed in terms of tone, word choice and information richness. Tweets where the words Syria and kill occurred were chosen for a more thorough analysis, and the results show that the BBC had a slightly more negative tone, provided more detailed news reports and used a more informative language than AJE. It might be that the findings were a result of chance considering the fact that the collection of tweets analysed was rather small and differed in size. Nevertheless, the differences that were revealed by the study were of an apparent nature and occurred too frequently and consistently in this small material to be discarded as merely incidental.

Magister Artium - MA / Media representations, embedded in reported media events, play a pivotal role in the propagation of beliefs, ideologies and establishing the status quo. The media events are given coverage by news reports on newsworthy topics, and in this case, politics. In this mini-dissertation, two particular media events, namely the Travel Ban instituted by President Donald Trump, and making Jerusalem the official capital of Israel, were analysed based on the different viewpoints writers portrayed on the same media events. Being contemporary political events related to the current President of America, it was evident that a standard news structure was common and spatial positioning of texts was a noticeable key feature of news report. The use of pronouns as the subject in headlines, including nominalisations, clause embedding and speech acts, clarified implicit and underlying meanings of the text. The linguistic choices made by the writers had a direct link to the text, which propagated Trump’s social and political ideologies positively and negatively based on these choices. The textual construct of four online news reports from four American-based newspapers presented both positive and negative revelations about Trump’s political aims. The stance of writers pronounced subjective views in three of the four the news reports. The contentious issue of Jerusalem proved to be sensitive one, in that the religious sensibilities played a major role in the dispute of Palestinian lands. The linguistic choices most utilised were non-cohesive use of grammar rules as opposed to other texts; linguistic techniques, such as the discourse of exclusion; and the choice of wording, particularly understood within the Political Discourse Analysis (PDA) framework.

This study undertakes a rhetorical analysis of South African television news reports on the criminal justice system. The aim is to build on the existing rhetoric culture theory by considering the persuasive communicative work performed through the mediatisation of a cultural system. The overarching issues that the study sets out to explore are the persuasive communicative work being performed by South African television news reports on crime and justice and how these reports frame or represent crime, justice, and the criminal justice system in this persuasive communication work. It also analyses the rhetorical strategies and devices employed in these reports. This qualitative study was undertaken using elements of grounded theory methodology and elements of the case study method. The analysis was undertaken on 90 days of prime time news bulletins from SABC and eTV, aired in 2019 and 2020. The Burkean notion of language as symbolic action is the framework that informs this study. The study also draws on Metz's notions on film semiotics and Walton's concept of persuasive argumentation scheme. In critiquing how South African television news reports re-present crime, justice, and the criminal justice system in doing persuasive communicative work and the rhetorical strategies and devices they employ, the study discusses contextual framing as the key strategy employed, and amplification as the most notable rhetorical device. It also highlights that the criminal justice system is virtually ignored in these reports. Instead, the focus is on elements of the system, such as the people, the procedures, and the places. In considering these elements, what emerges is a system whose focus changes from year to year depending on what is topical; a system where women are the primary and secondary victims of crime, and men are active agents both in terms of how they are depicted as criminals and how they are featured as the ones with the solutions to the crime problem; a system that operates in urban areas; and a system whose most important player is the police minister. The study finds that South African television news reports' mediatisation of the criminal justice system employs framing to ensure that the viewer is inclined to interpret the developments being reported on from the journalist's perspective. It also relies on amplification as a rhetorical device that makes salient those aspects that the reporter deems significant to make them stand out to the audience. In the present age where most people's exposure to the justice system is through the mediated experience of watching something about, through the analysis undertaken, the study has theorised that to understand a televised cultural system, we must consider how television frames that system and the aspects of the system that it amplifies as a medium.

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The aim of this bachelor thesis was to examine how gender is framed in Swedish television news. The research questions we examined were the following:  How is the gender balanced in the news reports? What kind of news represent women and what kind of news represent men? How is women and men viewed according to the news reports? What similarities and differences is there in how women and men are portrayed?   The bachelor theisis is primarily a qualitative study where we with a visual text analysis, examine in what way women and men are framed in news reports. The study also includes a minor quantitative survey that examines the representation of men and women in news reports in Swedish television during week 49, 2019. To reach this conclusion we analysed 12 news reports from two of Sweden´s leading news broadcasts, Rapport and Aktuellt. By analysing 6 reports from each program we came to the conclusion that men and women were gender balanced the examined week. Apart from this conclusion the main result shows that even though the reports were gender balanced according to the participants, there was an obvious difference in how the sexes were framed. The women were framed in their traditional sex role as the motherly, sensitive and caring victim while the men were framed as the strong and enterprising worker.

Цель исследования – разработка методологии исследования нарративов в средствах массовой информации. Объект исследования – информационное поле средств массовой информации. Предмет исследования – нарративы и методологии их исследования. Научная новизна заключается в разработке нового подхода к анализу и интерпретации материалов, используемых в СМИ, использованию современных инструментов и технологий в целях более эффективного исследования и классификации нарративов в больших объемах информации. Апробация разработанной методологии включает тестирование методологии на большой выборке материалов из различных СМИ, а также участие в научных конференциях в ходе разработки методологии. Результаты работы – практическим результатом работы стала разработка методологии исследования нарративов СМИ и рекомендации по возможному использованию и улучшению результатов. / The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for studying narratives in the media. The object of research is the information field of the media. The subject of the study is narratives and methodologies for their research. Scientific novelty lies in the development of a new approach to the analysis and interpretation of materials used in the media, the use of modern tools and technologies in order to more effectively study and classify narratives in large volumes of information. Approbation of the developed methodology includes testing the methodology on a large sample of materials from various media, as well as participation in scientific conferences during the development of the methodology. Results of the work - the practical result of the work was the development of a methodology for studying media narratives and recommendations for possible use and improvement of the results.