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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015 / ENGLISH ABSTRACT : This research study presents a community assessment to explore and construct an overview of the scope and nature of support organisations currently active in the marginalised community of Kayamandi, Stellenbosch. Support organisations play a pivotal role in the global attempt to eradicate poverty by assisting and empowering people to achieve sustained independence and dignified prosperity. In order for support efforts to be properly utilised, people have to be aware that these efforts exist. Residents need to know what services are available and where to find the services. In addition, support organisations providing the services need to be aware of other organisations that could complement their efforts to ensure optimal service delivery. To date, no reliable informative summary of support organisations involved in Kayamandi exists. Therefore the research objective for this study was two-fold: to ascertain which support organisations are currently available in the suburb of Kayamandi and to construct a typology of these organisations in terms of types of services rendered and recipients targeted. A combination of Bronfenbrenner‟s bioecological theory (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) and organisational theory (Jones, 2010) provided the framework within which support organisations could be qualitatively investigated, contextualised and analysed. To collect rich and relevant data, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants representing 19 support organisations in Kayamandi. The data were analysed by means of a thematic content analysis, using the ATLAS.ti computer software package. Findings revealed various aspects regarding support organisations, the services they deliver, the recipients they serve, the staff and volunteers delivering the services, the funding support as well as the links of cooperation that exist. The themes that emerged during the interviews include insights regarding self-evaluation, sustainability, benefits, constraints, the role of religion as well as values pertaining to service. The findings provide comprehensive and valuable insights which can inform existing as well as new support organisations alike. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING : Hierdie navorsing behels ‟n gemeenskapsassesering wat uitgevoer is om ‟n oorsig op te stel aangaande die omvang en aard van ondersteuningsorganisasies wat tans in Kayamandi, Stellenbosch werksaam is. Ondersteuningsorganisasies speel ‟n belangrike rol in die wereldwye poging om armoede uit te wis en om mense te bemagtig ten opsigte van onafhanklike en volhoubare voorspoed. Om voldoende gebruik te kan maak van ondersteuningsdienste moet mense van die dienste bewus wees. Inwoners moet weet watter dienste beskibaar is en waar om hulle te vind. Daarbenewens moet ondersteuningsorganisasies wat die dienste lewer ook bewus wees van ander organisasies wat hulle dienste kan aanvul om sodoende optimale dienslewering aan die lede van die gemeenskap te bied. Tans bestaan daar geen samevatting oor die ondersteuningsorganisasies in Kayamandi nie. Die navorsingsvraag in hierdie ondersoek was tweeledig: om vas te stel watter ondersteuningsorganisasies tans beskikbaar is in Kayamandi en om ‟n tipologie op te stel van die tipe dienste wat hulle lewer en die ontvangers van die dienste. Die navorsing is in ‟n kombinasie van die bio-ekologiese teorie van Bronfenbrenner (Bronfenbrenner, 2005) en ‟n organisasieteorie (Jones, 2010) veranker, om sodoende die organisasies in die konteks van hulle omgewing te kan ondersoek en ontleed. Altesaam 19 semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met sleutelinformante wat 19 ondersteuningsorganisasies in Kayamandi verteenwoordig het om sodoende relevante data in te samel. Die data is deur middel van ‟n tematiese inhoudsontleding ontleed met behulp van die Atlas.ti-rekenaarprogram. Die bevindinge het verskillende aspekte in verband met ondersteuningsorganisasies uitgelig, naamlik die dienste wat hulle lewer, die ontvangers van die dienste, die personeel en vrywilligers wat die dienste lewer, die befondsing en die mate van samewerking tussen organisasies. Die temas wat geïdentifiseer is sluit self-evaluasie, volhoubaarheid, die voordele en beperkinge, die rol van godsdiens sowel as die waardes wat aan dienslewering geheg word in. Die bevindinge voorsien omvattende insigte wat bestaande en nuwe ondersteuningsdienste, kan toelig.

Save the Children Fund (SCF) was at its foundation in 1919 a value-driven organization. The values, or guiding principles, of the founding generation are the lens through which I look at the history of SCF, and the associated histories of war and peace, human rights and NGO-state relations. These guiding principles are identified as universalism, utilitarianism and optimistic pacificism. They can be understood as a paradigm to which the social community which made up the founding generation of SCF gave their assent. The first chapter locates the founding generation within the political culture of the anti-war movement. Succeeding chapters detail the metamorphosis of SCIF from a'contentious social movement into a respectable national organization. As soon as the organization adopted a national rather than a universal orientation, the coordinates of all its guiding principles shifted. In particular the optimistic pacificism of the founding generation was replaced by pessimistic defencism. It was not until after the Cold War that SCIF began to realign itself with its original guiding principles. The three guiding principles are found to be of continuing relevance. Universalism has been reasserted as a positive creed leading SCF to seize political opportunities to reach out to children from all sides. The organization has adopted a utilitarian perspective that affirms the dynamic role of young people in generating their own futures. Lastly, the primacy attached to peace by war-affected people has underlined SCFs urgent mission to uphold an optimistic belief in the possibility of peace.

Tyrimo objektas: vidiniai ir išoriniai veiksniai lemiantys NVO verslumą Tyrimo tikslas: sudaryti veiksnių, lemiančių NVO verslumą, vertinimo sistemą ir įvertinti jų poveikį NVO verslumui. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1) išnagrinėti verslumo sampratos teorinius aspektus; 2) atlikti literatūros šaltinių analizę ir sintezę verslumą lemiančių veiksnių klausimu; 3) sudaryti NVO verslumą lemiančių veiksnių bei jų vertinimo sistemą ir nustatyti veiksnių reikšmingumą bei poveikį; 4) praktiškai įvertinti sudarytą vertinimo sistemą tiriant vietos veiklos grupių verslumą ir nustatyti vertinimo sistemos tobulinimo kryptis. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė ir sintezė, loginė analizė, ekspertinė apklausa, dokumentų analizė, duomenų susisteminimo, matematiniai statistiniai analizės metodai, grafinio vaizdavimas. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje pateikta įvairių Lietuvos ir užsienio autorių nuomonė apie verslumą ir jį lemiančius veiksnius bei NVO verslumo samprata. Antrojoje magistrinio darbo dalyje nustatyti vidiniai ir išoriniai NVO verslumą lemiantys veiksniai ir pateikta veiksnių vertinimo sistema bei vertinimo metodai. Trečiojoje dalyje nustatytas verslumą lemiančių veiksnių reikšmingumas, pateikiama verslumą lemiančių veiksnių vertinimo Kalvarijos, Sūduvos, Alytaus ir Ukmergės rajonų Vietos veiklos grupėse tyrimo metodika ir pristatomi empirinio tyrimo rezultatai. Praktiškai pritaikius sudarytą NVO verslumą lemiančių veiksnių vertinimo sistemą, pateikiamos jos tobulinimo kryptys... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Research object – internal and external factors affecting entrepreneurship in non-governmental organization. Research aim – to develop evaluation system of factors affecting entrepreneurship in non- governmental organizations. Objectives: 1) to analyze the theoretical aspects of the concept of entrepreneurship; 2) to perform an analysis and synthesis of literary sources on factors affecting entrepreneurship issues; 3) to make evaluation system of factors affecting entrepreneurship in non-governmental organizations and to identify their significance and influence for entrepreneurship; 4) to apply researched evaluation system of factors affecting entrepreneurship in practical analysis of entrepreneurship of local action groups and to determine the system development direction. Research methods – analysis and synthesis of literature and documents, logical analysis, expert survey, mathematical statistical analysis methods, graphical representation techniques. The first part presents opinions of Lithuanian and foreign scientists about entrepreneurship, factors affecting entrepreneurship and conception of entrepreneurship in non-governmental organizations. The second part establishes internal and external factors affecting entrepreneurship in non-governmental organizations, their evaluation system and methods. The third part investigates significance and influence of factors affecting entrepreneurship, presents methodology and results of empirical research in Kalvarija, Sūduva... [to full text]

This thesis explores the capacities, challenges and differences of three Swedish environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs). It uses a case study method to examine the ENGOs Swedish Society for Nature Conservation, Friends of the Earth Sweden and Keep Sweden Tidy Foundation. The study will explore what capacities and challenges the organizations have to sustain and develop, using capacity development as an analytical framework. Qualitative methods are used for gathering data. The findings of this study indicates that all three of the organizations have several capacities that is suggested by the theory capacity development, such as monitoring and evaluating the organization, developed communication to donors and supporters, accountability, clear aim and goals, etc. These three ENGOs is well established in the society of Sweden and have been active for a minimum of three decades. However, there are always capacities and strategies that can develop and be more effective, as well as addressing organizational challenges. The challenges founded in this study that all three organizations have in common, is the issues of being dependent on external funding and donations, and the communication between branches of the organizations as well as among members of the staff. Increased communication could better unify the organization and less dependence of external funding and donations could make the organizations more stable as well as sustainable.

The diploma thesis "Employment Services for Former Substance Users in the Czech Republic in Comparison with Similar Services in Scotland and Austria" discusses the problem of employment of people that used illegal drugs for some time in their lives and now abstain. To get a job and keep it is fundamental for them to be able to prosper in newly started life. Former substance users are characterized with respect to their position in the labour market and the need of social reintegration. Their employability in the Czech labour market is given from the point of view of the clients and workers of the treatment facilities, and from the point of view of potential employers. The possibilities of employment services offered to former substance users are then shown by three projects, i.e. Czech Work and Social Agency of SANANIM, o. s., Scottish Addiction Workers' Training Programme, carried out by Scottish Drugs Forum, and Austrian social firm Fix und Fertig, a branch of Verein Wiener Sozialprojekte. The projects are compared as to their approaches to the problem of employability, basic parameters that employment services offered to the former substance users should take into account are defined, and finally, the possibilities of development of these services in the Czech Republic are outlined.

1 ABSTRACT The Effect of International Non-governmental Organizations on the Creation of International Sport Regulation Key words: international sports law, international non-governmental organization, lex sportiva The thesis researches international non-governmental organisations in the area of sport, their legislation and influence on international sports regulation and concerns also with the question of international sport law. It consists of four main chapters. In the first part, the relationship between state and law is analysed as well as the existence of the sports law itself. The chapter deals also with the specifics of sports rules and content concepts of sports law. The majority of rules in the sport sector is formed by the regulation which is not source of law in the formal sense. The second chapter defines the concept of an international non-governmental organization and tries to submit a definition with regard to diverse activities exercised by these entities standing on the border of private and public law. The third chapter aims to describe the organizational structure of sport as well as regulatory mechanisms. First, the International Olympic Committee is analysed from which the organization of sport unfolds followed by other stakeholders of the Olympic Movement: National Olympic Committees...

ABSTRACT The primary purpose of the study was to explore how funding affected service delivery among Nonprofit Organizations (NPOs) in Johannesburg, given the important role these organizations play in contributing to social development in South Africa. The study was undertaken among 15 NPO organizations based in Johannesburg and located in various service fields. A semi-structured interview schedule comprising open-ended and close-ended questions was utilized to collect information. Descriptive statistics were employed to analyze closed-ended questions whilst thematic content analysis was used to analyze open-ended items. The main finding that emerged from the study was that NPOs that were surveyed suffered from a diversity of challenges emanating from insufficient and at times delayed funding, particularly by state departments such as the Department of Social Development. The problems faced by these NPOs were found to be predominantly human resources related. These organizations were unable to attract skilled professional staff because their funds did not permit them to offer market-related packages. In addition, these NPOs suffered from high labour turnover because employees tended to leave these organizations in pursuit of greener pastures in government departments and the private sector. The sector also experienced inadequately funded programmes and an inability to expand their services to the wider populations due to inadequate funding. The NPOs that were surveyed had not engaged in entrepreneurial activities on a scale sufficiently extensive to wean them off donor funding or over-reliance on such funding. Self-sustainability was found to be still in the embryonic stage. Moreover, the relationship between the sector and the state was found to be characterized by a lack of faith and confidence on the part of the NPOs surveyed, suggesting a ‘troubled’ partnership between the two. The findings of the study suggest the need for the research project to be replicated on a wider sample in different provinces. Since the study focused on formally registered NPOs in terms of the Nonprofit Organizations Act of 1997, future research needs to investigate the funding challenges faced by smaller mainly informal/ unregistered community-based organizations that form an integral part of the nonprofit sector in South Africa and offer an array of services to their communities. Furthermore, the findings of this study could potentially be used as a basis for policy formulation and analysis by policy makers as they appear to have implications for re-assessing funding policies in respect of NPOs.

In South Africa, citizen participation is regarded as an integral part of all social, economic and political activity. There is always an attempt to either involve citizens/communities in different programmes or at least to pretend to have involved people. Community participation is a constitutional prerogative that the broader masses should meaningfully participate in issues affecting their lives. Thus overgrowing concern by development practitioners to utilize participatory methods has become notable in recent years and participation has become an established orthodoxy within the development discourse in South Africa. The practice of participation has become embodied in what is popularly known to be people-centered development in which it is favored that community needs take precedence over those of other stakeholders when designing and implementing development projects. This study explores community participation in income generating projects at the Tembisa / Kempton Park Development Center. Using a case study as a qualitative inquiry method, the researcher sought to establish the evidence of community participation and the extent to which participants in income generating projects were involved as the main role players. The research sample constituted of 15 participants; ten were beneficiaries of income generating projects, three were staff members at the Tembisa / Kempton Park Development Center and two participants where drawn from the main funders of the Tembisa / Kempton Park Development Center. The different categories of the participants drawn into the sample enabled the researcher to holistically capture how the development process unfolded. The findings of the research indicated that the development model used at Tembisa / Kempton Park Development Center is largely participatory. The model allowed community members to have more say and control in the initiation, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the projects. However this model has challenges that are institutional, social and structural of nature and barriers which hinder effective and meaningful community participation. Government intervention was recommended to address some of the challenges to community participation on a macro level.

Desde meados da década de 90 observa-se a presença do enunciado ?protagonismo juvenil? nos textos dos organismos internacionais, organizações não-governamentais, órgãos de governo e educadores, em referência a uma certa forma de participação da juventude na sociedade. Este trabalho faz uma análise do discurso que dá suporte ao protagonismo juvenil, identificando a matriz discursiva que o tornou possível: uma concepção de sociedade como um aglomerado de indivíduos ? atores sociais ? que estabelecem relações de negociação com os outros indivíduos enquanto realizam atividades que beneficiam a si próprios e à coletividade. A atuação social, característica dos atores sociais, ocorrida no cenário público constitui a essência da ?nova forma? de política prescrita pelo discurso. A tese deste trabalho é a de que essa ?nova forma? de participação constitui, em última instância, encenação, implicando a anulação da política e funcionando como mecanismo de integração da juventude pobre. A anulação da política ocorre pela adoção do ?fazer coisas? como forma de participação e pela fabricação do consenso pelo discurso, o que impede a fala autônoma e transgressora. / Since the middle of the nineties, the presence of the expression ?youthful protagonism? can be observed in texts of international and non-governmental organizations, government agencies and educators, both in Brazil and abroad, referring to a certain mode of youth?s participation in society. This work makes an analysis of the discourse that supports youthful protagonism, identifying the rationale that became it possible: a conception of society as an accumulation of individuals - social actors - that establish relations with one another while carry through activities that benefit themselves and the collectivity. The social play characteristic of the social actors takes place in the public scene and constitutes the essence of the \"new form\" of politics prescribed by this discourse. The thesis of this work is that this \"new form\" of engagement constitutes, ultimately, a role-play that leads to cancellation of politics and social integration of poor youth. The cancellation of politics occurs by the stimulation of ?making things? as the principal way to accomplish social participation, and also by the fabrication of consensus by discursive means, what hinders the autonomous and transgressive speech.